[CHAPTER 1: NUMBER SYSTEM AND EQUATIONS]

1.1 Real Numbers

1. Complete the following table.

Inequality Interval
Real Number Line
notation notation
a) 6<x<9

b) [–2, 3]

c) –4 < x  0

d) [3, 5)

e) [–1, )

f) x<7

2. Graph the following intervals and write the resulting intervals.

a) (− 4, 0)  [−2, 2) b) ( −, 5)  (3, ) c) [ −4, 6 )  [0, 6 ]
d) ( −,6]  (3, 10) e) [ 3, 5)  [ 4, 6 ]

3. Given the interval A = [−5 ,3 ) , B = (0,6) and C = { x : −7  x  2 , x  Z } . By using the

number line, find the interval of
a) A C b) A C c) B  C
d) B  C e) A  B  C f) A B C

1.2 Indices, Surds and Logarithms

4. Simplify the following without using your calculator.
a) 50 + 98 b) 192 + 243 c) 18  12

d)
2 6
e) (3 2+ 3 )( 3− 2 )
3 24

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5. Rationalise each of the following surds

1 5+ 3
a) b)
3 +1 5− 3

1+ 2 1− 2 3 − 2 10 3 + 2 10
c) + d) +
1− 2 1+ 2 3 + 10 3 − 10

6. Solve the following equations

a) x+2 =7 b) 2x −1 = 4x − 9

c) 7− x = x +5 d) x−4 +6= x

e) 3 1 − x − 3x − 2 = 1 f) x − 3 + x + 5 = 2x + 8

7. Without using your calculator, evaluate.

1
a) log 2 64 b) log 3 c) log 8 1
27
d) log 3 81  log 3 27 e) ln e 5

8. Without using calculator, evaluate.

45 45
a) 2 log 10 5 + log 10 70 + log 10 − log 10
35 2
4 35
b) log 10 − log 10 + 3 log 10 5 + log 10 70
31 31

9. Solve the following equations

a) log 10 x = −2 b) log 2 ( x 2 − 3x − 2) = 3

c) 3log 2 ( x + 1) − 2 = 13 d) log 2 ( x − 1) + log 2 ( x + 1) = 3

e) 12 + 2 ln x = 14 f) ln x + ln( x + 5) = ln( x + 1) + ln( x + 3)

10. Solve the following equations :

a) 2 log x 3 − log 3 x + 1 = 0 b) 2 log x 2 = log 2 x + 1

c) log 3 x + log x 9 = 3 d) 12 log x 5 + log 5 x − 7 = 0

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PAST YEAR EXAMINATION QUESTIONS

2010/2011

11. Given P = (− ,7) , Q = [−3,4] and R = (2, ) . Represent P, Q and R on a number line.
Hence, find the solutions sets for P  Q , Q  R and P  R ' . [5 marks]

3
12. Solve the equation ln x − = −2 [7 marks]
ln x

2011/12

13. Solve the equation 9(32 x ) − 22(3x ) − 15 = 0. [6 marks]

14. Given p = 7 + 5 2 and q = −7 + 5 2 . Find the value of y such that

1
−
1
p +1 q +1
(
= y 1 − 50 . ) [6 marks]

15. Solve the equation 32 x +1 − 28(3 x ) + 9 = 0 [6 marks]

.

 x
16. Solve the equation log (x − 4) + 2 log 3 = 1 + log   [5 marks]
2 .

2012/13

17. Solve the equation 2 log x 3 + log 3 x − 3 = 0. [6 marks]

3 2 n +3 − 18(3)
2 ( n −1)
18. a) Simplify . [4 marks]
( )
5 3n
2

1
log 10 8 + log 10 27 − log 10 5
2
b) Without using the calculator, evaluate . [4 marks]
3
log 10 6 − log 10 5
2
c) Solve x + 5 = 4 x − 13. [5 marks]

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SELF CHECKING!

How many questions have you completed? Please tick (√)

1 5 9 13 17

2 6 10 14 18

3 7 11 15

4 8 12 16

SUGGESTED ANSWERS
1.1 Real Numbers

1.
Inequality Interval
Real Number Line
notation notation

a) 6<x<9 (6, 9)  
b) –2  x  3 [–2, 3]

c) –4 < x  0 (–4, 0]

d) 3x<5 [3, 5)

e) x  –1 [–1, )

f) x<7 (–, 7)

2) a) (−4, 2) b) (−3, 5) c) [−4, 6]

d) (3, 6] e) [−4, 5)
3) a) [−5, 3)  − 7,−6 b) − 5,−4,−3,−2,−1,0,1,2 c) 0,6 )  − 7,−6,−5,−4,−3,−2,−1
d) 1,2 e) 1,2 f) [−5, 6)  − 7,−6

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1.2 Indices, Surds and Logarithms

4) a) 12 2 b) 17 3 c) 6 6
1
d) e) 2 6 − 3
3

3 −1 14 + 5 3
5) a) b) c) − 6 d) − 58
2 11
6) a) 47 b) 4 c) − 2
3
d) 8 e) f) 4
4
7) a) 6 b) − 3 c) 0
4
d) e) 5
3
8) a) 2 b) 3

1
9) a) b) 5, − 2 c) 31
100
d) 3 e) e f) 3
1 1
10) a) 9, b) 2, c) 9, 3 d) 625, 125
3 4

PAST YEAR EXAMINATION QUESTIONS

11) (–, 7), (2, 4], (− ,2

12) x = e or x = e −3

13) x=1

1
14) y=
7
15) x = −1, 2
16) x =9
17) x = 3, 9
18) a) 5 b) 1 c) x = 4

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