Chapter 2 Thesis

Chapter 2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
This chapter presents the empirical and conceptual literature and studies
related to the current study. These literature and studies have helped the
researchers develop their ideas and assumptions on the present undertaking.
2.1 Introduction
Review of the related literature is one of the first steps in research process.
It consists of summary of findings of research carried out in the past on
same directly and indirectly related topics. This review provides insight to the
researchers regarding what is already known and what remains to be tested
regarding the topic of research.
2.2 Literature related to the impact of mobile phones to the English

grammar
of the students
Foreign Literature
This problem cropped up with the innovation of this new technology, and
its possible effects on the students’ language proficiency.
Edwards (2009) said that texting contributes to peoples’ indolence when it

comes to writing. In his own experience, he himself developed changes on his
writing abilities ever since he engaged in text messaging. According to him, it
helps in speeding up communication. Because of this, he became lazier. He
also said that most people are hooked up to texting that they send text messages
even when they’re doing several activities like driving, when in a funeral, or in
a graduation ceremony.
The achievement of many professionals also lies on their ability to use the
language appropriately. According to Mackay (as cited in Saga-Olis (1998),
professionals who master the English language tend to be successful and
globally competitive. This goes to show the importance of English as a medium
of communicating internationally.
Local Literature
One study states that cell phones are becoming a necessity this modern
day, to the point where every teenager and adult must have at least one.
Individuals are rapidly depending to these devices for communication
purposes.Most new technologies such as text messaging emerge on the social
and academic scene. Many people are cautious and untrusting of new
technologies that they worry about the riff it could cause in the talk of
literacy. It is important for academics to embrace the importance of bringing
daily literacies used by younger generations to engage them more critically in
the talk of language and technology (Thurlow, 2006) and (Hogan 2012) .
Based on John Myhra’s article, “Negative Effects of Texting in the

Classroom”, the over-use of texting has been damaging to the way students
write formally in the school premises and even in the society. The character
limitations of text messages have caused students to form their own style of
writing and terminologies.
2.3 Studies related to the impact of mobile phones to the English grammar
of the students
Foreign Study
In the study conducted by Chantal Nvan (2016), he found out that with
children's increasing use of mobile phones, concerns have been raised about its
influence on their literacy skills.
The mobile phone offers students an opportunity to reach out to friends

and relatives; both far and near (Haggan, 2007). With such utility value, mobile
phones have become a “cannot –do-without” tool for students. Highways, beer
parlours, classrooms, bedrooms, and all environments have become favourite
for the exchange of text messages between students and their telephone
contacts (Ling & Baron, 2007). Some students even text in class (Tindell &
Bohlander, 2012).
Text messages have thus been used by students to create virtual environments,
as well as a means to socialize (Campbell & Kwak, 2010).
The first school of thought bases its argument on the fact that for the sake
of brevity, concision and economy, the SMS throws the essential mechanics of
writing such as grammar, syntax, punctuation and capitalization to the wind
Crowder (2010).
Local Study
According to Gabiana’s research as cited in Saga-Olis (1998), students

were very positive toward the English language as part of their system of
education.In fact, an educators, Kate Ross (2010), who stated that the use of
cellular phones are affecting student’s spelling and grammar proficiency
negatively, as evidenced from their use of abbreviated words. This resulted in
extensive use of electronic chatting.
A mobile phone (also known as a cellular phone, cell phone and a hand
phone) is a device which can make and receive telephone calls over a radio link
whilst moving around a wide geographic area. It does so by connecting to a
cellular network provided by a mobile network operator. The calls are to and
from the public telephone network which includes other mobiles and fixed-line
phones across the world. Cell phones are a great invention and a popular way to
communicate—almost every individual in the Philippines have and owns a cell
phone. They allow us to work on the go and stay in touch.
Synthesis of the Related Literature
Edwards(2009) stated his experience how texting language affects his

paper works in school and this became his habit. It tackles the development of
his writings before and after he engaged in mobile texting. He stated that he
started feeling laziness and felt difficulties writing the original text in school
projects.
In contrary, with mobile phones and texting everyone can be
connected to each other. Nevertheless, texting does affect the English grammar
of students for it became the routine amongst students.

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Chapter 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

2.2 Literature related to the impact of mobile phones to the English

Edwards (2009) said that texting contributes to peoples’ indolence when it

Based on John Myhra’s article, “Negative Effects of Texting in the

The mobile phone offers students an opportunity to reach out to friends

According to Gabiana’s research as cited in Saga-Olis (1998), students

Synthesis of the Related Literature

Edwards(2009) stated his experience how texting language affects his

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