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    Oops Lab-2

    Uploaded by

    Natenael Nigus
    This document provides examples of constructors and inheritance in Java. It demonstrates: 1) Default and parameterized constructors, showing how they initialize objects and can be called. 2) Constructor overloading, with multiple constructors differentiating based on parameter types/lists. 3) Copy constructors, initializing one object with the values of another. 4) Single, multilevel, and hierarchical inheritance between classes like Animal, Dog, and Cat.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Oops Lab-2

    Uploaded by

    Natenael Nigus
    68 views6 pages
    This document provides examples of constructors and inheritance in Java. It demonstrates: 1) Default and parameterized constructors, showing how they initialize objects and can be called. 2) Constructor overloading, with multiple constructors differentiating based on parameter types/lists. 3) Copy constructors, initializing one object with the values of another. 4) Single, multilevel, and hierarchical inheritance between classes like Animal, Dog, and Cat.

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    OOPS LAB-2

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    This document provides examples of constructors and inheritance in Java. It demonstrates: 1) Default and parameterized constructors, showing how they initialize objects and can be called. 2) Constructor overloading, with multiple constructors differentiating based on parameter types/lists. 3) Copy constructors, initializing one object with the values of another. 4) Single, multilevel, and hierarchical inheritance between classes like Animal, Dog, and Cat.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    68 views6 pages

    Oops Lab-2

    Uploaded by

    Natenael Nigus
    This document provides examples of constructors and inheritance in Java. It demonstrates: 1) Default and parameterized constructors, showing how they initialize objects and can be called. 2) Constructor overloading, with multiple constructors differentiating based on parameter types/lists. 3) Copy constructors, initializing one object with the values of another. 4) Single, multilevel, and hierarchical inheritance between classes like Animal, Dog, and Cat.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 6

    //EXAMPLE PROGRAM FOR CONSTRUCTOR AND DESTRUCTOR IN JAVA

    In Java, a constructor is a block of codes similar to the method. It is called when an instance
    of the object is created, and memory is allocated for the object.
    It is a special type of method which is used to initialize the object.
    When is a constructor called
    Every time an object is created using new() keyword, at least one constructor is called. It
    calls a default constructor.
    Note: It is called constructor because it constructs the values at the time of object creation.
    It is not necessary to write a constructor for a class. It is because java compiler creates a
    default constructor if your class doesn't have any.
    Rules for creating Java constructor
    There are two rules defined for the constructor.
    1. Constructor name must be the same as its class name
    2. A Constructor must have no explicit return type
    3. A Java constructor cannot be abstract, static, final, and synchronized

    Types of Java constructors


    There are two types of constructors in Java:
    1. Default constructor (no-arg constructor): No parameters are their.
    2. Parameterized constructor
    //Default constructor program
    class Bike1
    {
    //creating a default constructor
    Bike1()
    {
    System.out.println("Bike is created");
    }
    //main method
    public static void main(String args[])
    {
    //calling a default constructor
    Bike1 b=new Bike1();
    }
    }
    //Java Program to demonstrate the use of parameterized constructor
    class Student4{
    int id;
    String name;
    //creating a parameterized constructor
    Student4(int i,String n){
    id = i;
    name = n;

    1
    }
    //method to display the values
    void display(){System.out.println(id+" "+name);}
    public static void main(String args[]){
    //creating objects and passing values
    Student4 s1 = new Student4(111,"Karan");
    Student4 s2 = new Student4(222,"Aryan");
    //calling method to display the values of object
    s1.display();
    s2.display();
    }
    }
    //EXAMPLE PROGRAM FOR CONSTRUCTOR OVERLOADING
    In Java, a constructor is just like a method but without return type. It can also be overloaded
    like Java methods.
    Constructor overloading in Java is a technique of having more than one constructor with
    different parameter lists. They are arranged in a way that each constructor performs a
    different task. They are differentiated by the compiler by the number of parameters in the list
    and their types.

    //Java program to overload constructors in java


    class Student5{
    int id;
    String name;
    int age;
    //creating two arg constructor
    Student5(int i,String n){
    id = i;
    name = n;
    }
    //creating three arg constructor
    Student5(int i,String n,int a){
    id = i;
    name = n;
    age=a;
    }
    void display(){System.out.println(id+" "+name+" "+age);}
    public static void main(String args[]){
    Student5 s1 = new Student5(111,"Karan");
    Student5 s2 = new Student5(222,"Aryan",25);
    s1.display();
    s2.display();

    2
    }
    }

    Java Copy Constructor


    There is no copy constructor in java. However, we can copy the values from one object to
    another like copy constructor in C++.
    There are many ways to copy the values of one object into another in java. They are:
    o By constructor
    o By assigning the values of one object into another
    o By clone() method of Object class
    In this example, we are going to copy the values of one object into another using java
    constructor.

    class Student6{
    int id;
    String name;
    //constructor to initialize integer and string
    Student6(int i,String n){
    id = i;
    name = n;
    }
    //constructor to initialize another object
    Student6(Student6 s){
    id = s.id;
    name =s.name;
    }
    void display(){System.out.println(id+" "+name);}

    public static void main(String args[]){


    Student6 s1 = new Student6(111,"Karan");
    Student6 s2 = new Student6(s1);
    s1.display();
    s2.display();
    }
    }

    //Example program for single inheritance

    class Animal
    {

    3
    void eat()
    {
    System.out.println("eating...");
    }
    }
    class Dog extends Animal
    {
    void bark()
    {
    System.out.println("barking...");
    }
    }
    class TestInheritance
    {
    public static void main(String args[])
    {
    Dog d=new Dog();
    d.bark();
    d.eat();
    }
    }

    4
    //EXAMPLE PROGRAM FOR MULTILEVEL INHERITANCE

    class Animal
    {
    void eat()
    {
    System.out.println("eating...");
    }
    }
    class Dog extends Animal
    {
    void bark()
    {
    System.out.println("barking...");
    }
    }
    class BabyDog extends Dog
    {
    void weep()
    {
    System.out.println("weeping...");
    }
    }
    class TestInheritance2
    {
    public static void main(String args[])
    {
    BabyDog d=new BabyDog();
    d.weep();
    d.bark();
    d.eat();
    }
    }

    5
    //EXAMPLE PROGRAM FOR HIERARCHIAL INHERITANCE

    class Animal
    {
    void eat()
    {
    System.out.println("eating...");
    }
    }
    class Dog extends Animal
    {
    void bark()
    {
    System.out.println("barking...");
    }
    }
    class Cat extends Animal
    {
    void meow()
    {
    System.out.println("meowing...");
    }
    }
    class TestInheritance3
    {
    public static void main(String args[])
    {
    Cat c=new Cat();
    c.meow();
    c.eat();
    //c.bark();//C.T.Error
    }
    }

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