Module 3

Solid for which V = Bh

At the end of this module, the learner should be able to:

 Develop formulas for finding the volumes and surface areas
 Apply formulas in solving various practical problems.

MODERN GEOMETRY

A SOLID is any limited portion of space, bounded by surfaces.

A section of a solid is the plane figure cut from the solid by passing a plane through it. thus, in the case of the
solid shown, plane M cuts from the solid the section ABCDE.
A polyhedron is a solid bounded by planes.
The edges of a polyhedron are the intersections of the intersection of the bounding planes.
The faces are the portions of the bounding planes including by the edges. The faces are polygons.
The vertices are the intersections of the edges.
A cube is a polyhedron whose six faces are all squares.

Properties:
1. The three dimensions of a cube are equal to each other. Therefore, all edges are equal.
2. All the faces of a cube are congruent squares.

Formulas:
The total area of a cube is equal to the sum of the areas of its faces.
Total area = 6 (area of one face)
T = 6a2.

The volume of a cube is equal to the cube is equal to the cube of its edge.
Volume = (edge)2
V = a2

Surface Analysis. Each of the six faces of a cube is a square of edge a. Since the area of one face is a2, the total
area of the cube is 6a2.

Volume analysis. The volume of a solid is the number of times it contains a given solid which is chosen
arbitrarily as the unit of volume.

A cube whose whose edge is a linear unit, as one inch or one foot, will be taken as the unit of volume.We shall
assume that the volume of a cube is the product of its three dimensions. Hence the volume of a cube of edge a is
a3.

Example 1.
A glass factory has an order for 1000 glass paper weights. Each is to be in the form of a cube. If this order
requires 8000 cu. in. of glass, what is the surface area of one of the paper weights?
Solution. Let V be the volume of one of the cubes. Then
1000V = 8000, or V = 8
But in terms of an edge a
V = a3
Equating the values V from equations (a) and (b), we obtain 1
a3 = 8, or a = 2,
T = 6a2 = 6(2)2 = 24 sq. in. Answer.

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MODERN GEOMETRY Prepared by: ERIC P. SUPANGA
1st Semester, S.Y. 2020-2021 Instructor
Bachelor of Secondary Education Cp#: 09752410538
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Example 2.
A cube of edges a is cut by a plane containing two diagonally opposite edges of the cube. Find the area of
the section thus formed.

Solution: Though the cube pass a plane containing edges AD and BC, forming the section ABCD shown in the
figure. Consider AB as base of ABCD and BC as altitude. Applying the Pythagorean theorem to right triangle
AEB, we have
2 2
AB = √
a + b = a √2
The area of rectangle ABCD is
AB X BC = (a √2 ) (a) = a2 √2 Answer

RECTANGULAR PARALLELEPIPED

A rectangular parallelepiped is a polyhedron whose six faces are all rectangles.

Properties
1. The parallel edges of a rectangular parallelepiped are equal.
2. The opposite lateral of a rectangular parallelepiped are equal and parallel.
3. Any two opposite faces of a rectangular parallelepiped may be taken as the bases.
4. Every section of a rectangular parallelepiped made by a plane parallel to the base is equal in area to that of
the base.

Formulas
The total area of a rectangular parallelepiped is equal to the sum of the areas of the faces.
Total area = sum of the areas of faces.
T = 2 (ab + bc+ ca)

The volume of a rectangular parallelepiped is equal to the product of the base and the altitude.
Volume = base X altitude.
V = abc

Surface analysis. Since each face of a rectangular parallelepiped is a rectangle whose product of its edges and
since the opposite face are equal, the total area of the rectangular parallelepiped with edges a, b, and c is 2 (ab +
bc + ca).

Volume analysis. Consider the rectangular parallelepiped whose dimensions are respectively 2, 3, and 4 units.
Pass planes parallel to the faces of the solid, dividing the edges into segments one units long as shown. These
planes divide the solid into 2 layers of 12 congruent cubes each, making 3 x 4 x 2 = 24 unit cubes in all. Hence
the unit of volume is contained 24 times in the rectangular parallelepiped. This number (24) may be obtained by
multiplying together the three dimensions of the rectangular parallelepiped or by multiplying its base by its
altitude. when this argument is extended to cover rectangular parallelepipeds of various dimensions, we are led
to the following conclusion.

The volume of a rectangular parallelepiped is the product of its three dimensions, or the product of its base and
its altitude.

Example 1.
A storage room has a rectangular floor 76ft. by 42ft. The walls are vertical and 20ft. high. If there are no 2
windows, find the total area of the ceiling, walls, and floor. Also find the storage space of the room.

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MODERN GEOMETRY Prepared by: ERIC P. SUPANGA
1st Semester, S.Y. 2020-2021 Instructor
Bachelor of Secondary Education Cp#: 09752410538
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Solution: The space occupied by the room is a rectangular parallelepiped.
The total surface of a parallelepiped is found by using the formula.
T = 2(ab + ac + bc).
Taking a = 42, b = 76, c = 20, and substituting in this formula, we obtain

T = 2 [ (42) (76) + (42)(20) + (76)(20)]

T = 11,104 sq. ft. answer

The storage space of the room is the volume of the parallelepiped. The volume of a parallelepiped is found by
using the formula.
V = Bh

Consider the area of the floor as base B and the height of the room as altitude h. Substituting B = (42) (76) and
h = 20.

V = (42) (76) (20) = 63,840 cu. ft. Answer

Example 2.
Given a rectangular parallelepiped with base a by b and altitude c. Find the area of a section which contains
two diagonally opposite edges of the parallelepiped.

Solution: Through the given parallelepiped pass a plane containing the two diagonally opposite edgeds GD and
BC, forming the section GBCD. This section is a rectangle of base GB and altitude BC = c. Since GFD, we
apply the Pythagorean Theorem to this triangle and find the length of GB to be,

GB = √ a2 + b 2
The area of rectangle GBCD is
A = BC x GB

Substituting BC = c and GB = √ a2 + b 2 in this equation, we obtain

A=c √ a2 + b 2 . Answer

CAVALIERI'S THEOREM

In this article we shall discuss a very important theorem known as Cavalieri's theorem. So as better to
understands Cavalieri's let us, before stating it, consider a pile of unform cards stacked in the form of a
rectangular parallelepiped. This pile may be distorted into the forms of various irregular solids.
Obviously the volume of the pile has not been changed. Now consider a second pile of cards of such size that it
is possible to stack them in the form of the solid.
Here again we may distort this pile into the forms of various irregular solids, without changing its volume. The
cards need not be of the same shape in order to afford piles of equal volume. For a pile consisting of 100 square
cards would have the same volume as a pile of 100 circular cards.

Cavalieri's Theorem. If in two solids of equal altitude the sections made by planes parallel to and at the same
distance from their respective bases are always equal, the volumes of the solids are equal. 3
Consider the two solids of equal altitude h.

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MODERN GEOMETRY Prepared by: ERIC P. SUPANGA
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Let A and A' denote corresponding sections which are parallel to and at the same variable distance y from their
respective bases.
If A = A' the volumes of the two solids are equal.
A proof of Cavalieri's theorem will be found in the Appendix

Volume Theorem

Theorem. If the bases of a solid are equal in area and lie in parallel planes and every section of the solid parallel
to the base is equal in area to that of the base, the volume of the solid is the product of its base and altitude.

Analysis. Consider the solid CD. Let the bases of this solid lie in parallel planes, and every section parallel to
the base be equal in area to the area of the base.

Construct the rectangular parallelepiped C'D' with a base and altitude respectively equal to the base and altitude
of the given solid. Place these solids so that their lower bases lie in the same plane. Pass a plane parallel to and
distant y from the lower bases of the solids cutting the given solid in section A and the parallelepiped in section
A'. Denote the altitude of each solid by h, the base of the given solid by B, the base of the parallelepiped by B'.
In solid CD we are given

A =B,
A' = B'
B = B'
A = A'

Since the altitude of each solid is h and A = A', it follows from Cavalieri's theorem that the volume of solid CD
equals the volume of the parallelepiped. But the volume of the parallelepiped is B'h = Bh. Therefore the volume
of solid CD is Bh.

PRISM

Definition. A prism is a polyhedron of which two faces are equal polygons in parallel planes, and the other
faces are parallelograms.

Properties

1. The bases are equal polygons; the lateral area is the sum of the areas of the remaining faces.
2. The intersections of the lateral faces are called the ,lateral edges. These lateral edges are equal and parallel.
3. The sections of a prism made by parallel planes cutting all the lateral planes cutting all the lateral edges are
equal polygons.
4. The altitude of a prism is the perpendicular distance between the planes of its bases.
5. A right section of a prism is a section perpendicular distance between the planes of its bases.
6. A right prism is a prism whose lateral edges are perpendicular to its bases; its lateral faces are rectangles.

Formulas
The lateral area of a prism is equal to the product of a lateral edges and the perimeter of the right section.

Lateral area = lateral edge X perimeter of right section

S = ePk
4
The volume of a prism is equal either to the product of a base and the altitude, or to the product of a right
section and a lateral edges.

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MODERN GEOMETRY Prepared by: ERIC P. SUPANGA
1st Semester, S.Y. 2020-2021 Instructor
Bachelor of Secondary Education Cp#: 09752410538
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Volume = base X altitude
V = Bh
Volume = right section X lateral edge.
V = Ke
Surface analysis. Each lateral face of a prism is a parallelogram whose area is equal to the product of its base e
(edge of prism) and its altitude. This altitude is a side of the right section. Since the sum of the the altitude of
the faces equals the perimeter of the right section, the lateral surface S (the areas of all the lateral faces) equals
the perimeter Pk of the right section times the edges e.

Volume Analysis. Since the bases of a prism are equal in area and lie in parallel planes, and since by Property 3
the area of every section parallel to the base is equal to that of the base, it follow from the Volume theorem that
V = Bh.
with the aid of the accompanying figure the student should satisfy himself as to the truth of the formula.

V = Ke

The usual proof consists essentially in passing the planes CB and C'B' perpendicular to the edge CC' and then
showing that the solids CAB and C'A' B' are congruent.

Example 1. A masonry dam 40 ft. high has a uniform vertical cross section. The dam is 80 ft. long and its
material weigh 125lb. per cu. ft. Find the weight of the dam.

Solution. The dam is in the form of a prism of altitude 80 ft. with trapezoid bases. The area of one base is the
area of a trapezoid whose bases are 4 ft. and 16 ft. and whose altitude is 40 ft. Hence its area is

B=
( 4+16
2 )
( 40 )
= 400 sq. ft.

The volume of the prism is

V = Bh = (400)(80) = 32,000 cu. ft.
Since the masonry weigh 125 lb. per cu. ft., the weight of the dam is
W = 125 V = 125 (32,000) = 4,000,000 lb. Answer

REFERENCES:

 Kern and bland (1967)., Solid Mensuration, 2nd Edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., USA.

5
Module 3
Solid for which V = Bh
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MODERN GEOMETRY Prepared by: ERIC P. SUPANGA
1st Semester, S.Y. 2020-2021 Instructor
Bachelor of Secondary Education Cp#: 09752410538
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EXERCISES 3.1

Name: __________________________________________ Date: ____________

Course/Sec: ______________________________________ Score: ___________

For each of the following, develop formulas for finding the volumes and surface areas.

________________________1. Find the length of the diagonal of the section ABCD (diagonal of the cube) in
Example 2.
________________________2. How much material was used in the manufacture of 24,000 celluloid dice, if
each die has an edge of ¼ in?
________________________3. Show that (a) the total surface of a cube is twice the square of its diagonal, (b)
the volume of a cube is 1/9 √ 3 times the cube of its diagonal.
________________________4. What is the weight of a block of ice 24 in. by 24 in., if ice weighs 92 percent as
much as water, and water weight 62.5lb. per cu. ft.?
________________________5. Counting 38 cu. ft. of coal to a ton, how many tons many tons will a coal bin 19
ft. long, 6 ft wide, and 9 ft. deep contain, when level full?
________________________6. Compute the cost of the lumber necessary to resurface a foot-bridge 16 ft. wide
and 150 ft. long with 2-in. plank, if lumber is P40 per 1000 board feet. Neglect waste. (one board foot = 1 ft. by
1 ft. by 1 in.)
________________________7. Building brick are closely stacked in a pile 7 ft. high, 36 ft. long, and 12 ft.
wide. If the bricks are 2 in. by 4 in. by 9 in., how may many bricks are in the pile?
________________________8. How many cubic yards of material are needed for the foundation is 2 ft. thick
and 12 ft. high?
________________________9. Let B denotes the area of the base of a prism and S the lateral surface; then
write a formula for the total surface of a prism.
________________________10. Write a formula for (a) the volume, (b) the total area, of a right prism whose
altitude is h and whose base is a square of edge a.
________________________11. Show that every section of a prism made by a plane parallel to its lateral edges
is a parallelogram?
________________________12. One part of a quartz crystal is a hexagonal prism with a right section of 1.29
sq. in., an edge of 2.31 in., and a base of 1.41 sq. in. find the altitude of the prism?

EXERCISES 3.2
Apply the formula to solve the following problems
1. Find the length of the diagonal of the section ABCD (diagonal of the cube) in Example 2.

2. How much material was used in the manufacture of 24,000 celluloid dice, if each die has an edge of ¼
in?

6
3. Show that (a) the total surface of a cube is twice the square of its diagonal, (b) the volume of a cube is
1/9 √ 3 times the cube of its diagonal.

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MODERN GEOMETRY Prepared by: ERIC P. SUPANGA
1st Semester, S.Y. 2020-2021 Instructor
Bachelor of Secondary Education Cp#: 09752410538
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 4. What is the weight of a block of ice 24 in. by 24 in., if ice weighs 92 percent as much as water, and
water weight 62.5lb. per cu. ft.?

5. Counting 38 cu. ft. of coal to a ton, how many tons many tons will a coal bin 19 ft. long, 6 ft wide, and 9
ft. deep contain, when level full?

6. Compute the cost of the lumber necessary to resurface a foot-bridge 16 ft. wide and 150 ft. long with 2-
in. plank, if lumber is P40 per 1000 board feet. Neglect waste. (one board foot = 1 ft. by 1 ft. by 1 in.)

7. Building brick are closely stacked in a pile 7 ft. high, 36 ft. long, and 12 ft. wide. If the bricks are 2 in.
by 4 in. by 9 in., how may many bricks are in the pile?

8. How many cubic yards of material are needed for the foundation is 2 ft. thick and 12 ft. high?

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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MODERN GEOMETRY Prepared by: ERIC P. SUPANGA
1st Semester, S.Y. 2020-2021 Instructor
Bachelor of Secondary Education Cp#: 09752410538
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 9. Let B denotes the area of the base of a prism and S the lateral surface; then write a formula for the total
surface of a prism.

10. Write a formula for (a) the volume, (b) the total area, of a right prism whose altitude is h and whose base
is a square of edge a.

11. Show that every section of a prism made by a plane parallel to its lateral edges is a parallelogram?

12. One part of a quartz crystal is a hexagonal prism with a right section of 1.29 sq. in., an edge of 2.31 in.,
and a base of 1.41 sq. in. find the altitude of the prism?

WORKTEXT 5 – 6
In
8
Modern Geometry

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MODERN GEOMETRY Prepared by: ERIC P. SUPANGA
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 CYLINDER SURFACE
Objective
At the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Apply the formula in solving the Volume of Cylinder; and

Compute the Volume of the Cylinder.

Readings

A cylindrical surface is a surface generated by a moving straight line (generator) which is always parallel to a
fixed line, and which always interests a fixed plane curve (directrix) not in the plane with the fixed line.

Properties
1. An element of a cylindrical surface is the generator in any particular position.
2. If the directrix of a cylindrical surface is a closed curve, the surface is closed.
3. Any line, not an element, tangent to any curve on a cylindrical surface is tangent to the surface.
4. A plane is tangent to a cylindrical surface and a line tangent to the surface.

CYLINDER
A cylinder is a closed solid bounded by a closed cylindrical surface and two parallel planes.

Properties
1. The bounding cylinder surface of a cylinder is called the lateral surface, and the two bounding parallel
planes are called the bases.
2. The bases of a cylinder are equal.
3. The altitude of a cylinder is the perpendicular distance between the bases.
4. The sections of a cylinder made by two parallel planes, neither of
which cuts a base and both of which cut an element, are congruent.
5. Every section of a cylinder parallel to the base has an area equal to
that of the base.
6. The section of a cylinder which contains an element of the cylinder
and a point of the cylindrical surface not in this element is a
parallelogram. This section contains the element through the given
point.
7. The elements of a cylinder are equal.
8. A right section of a cylinder is a section perpendicular to all
elements of the cylinder.
9. If the bases of a prism are inscribed in the bases of a cylinder, and
the lateral edges of the prism are elements of the cylinder, the
prism is said to be inscribed in the cylinder.
9
10. If the bases of a prism are circumscribed about the bases of a cylinder, and the lateral edges are parallel
to the elements of the cylinder, the prism is said to be circumscribed about the cylinder.

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MODERN GEOMETRY Prepared by: ERIC P. SUPANGA
1st Semester, S.Y. 2020-2021 Instructor
Bachelor of Secondary Education Cp#: 09752410538
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 Formulas

The lateral area of a cylinder is equal to the product of the perimeter of a right section and an element.

Lateral area = perimeter of right section X element.

S = Pke
The volume of a cylinder is equal either to the product of a base and the
altitude, or to the product of an element and a right section.

Volume = base X altitude

Volume = right section X element
V = Ke

Surface analysis. Imagine the lateral area of a cylinder slit along an element
and then spread out flat. It thus becomes a planes a plane figure having two parallel sides of length e.
Since each element of the cylinder is perpendicular to the right section K, the distance between the
parallel sides of the developed surface is the perimeter Pk of section K. Each of the other side’s is formed
by unrolling the perimeter of a base of the cylinder. Hence these sides are equal curves. Any point on one
of them is distant e from the corresponding point on the other. Since from these considerations it is
evident that area ABCD

Equals area A’B’C’D’, the lateral area of the cylinder is equal to the area of rectangle ACC’A’.
Therefore S = epk.

Volume analysis. Since the bases of a cylinder are equal in area and lie in parallel planes, and since by
Property 5 the area every section parallel to the base equal to that of the base, it follows from the volume
theorem that V = Bh.
It is left to the student to show as in the case of the prism that for a cylinder V = Ke also.

Example 1. A vertical stone column 12.5 ft. high has an elliptical base with the longer axis twice the
shorter. If the weight of the column is 12,400 lb. and if the stone weighs 160 lb. per cu. ft., find the area
of the largest axial section of the column.

Solution. We first find the area of the elliptical base by means of the formula for an
ellipse,
A = πab, where a and b are the dimensions. In this example b = a/2. Hence
a π a2
A=π ( a )
2()
=
2
10
π a2
Substituting B = and h = 12.5 in the formula for the volume of a cylinder V = Bh
2
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MODERN GEOMETRY Prepared by: ERIC P. SUPANGA
1st Semester, S.Y. 2020-2021 Instructor
Bachelor of Secondary Education Cp#: 09752410538
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We get
π a2
V= ( )
2
(12.5)

But the volume of the column is also equal to the weight of the column divided by the weight of the stone per
cubic foot. Therefore
12,400
V=
160
Equating the values of V from equation (a) and (b), we have
12,400 π a2 (
160
= ( )
2
12.5 )

From which we obtain

( 12,400 ) (2)
a=
√
(160 ) (12) π
=¿ 1.9867 ft . ¿

Through the axis of the cylinder pass a plane containing the larger axis of the elliptical base to form the axial
section ABCD. This section is a rectangle of base 2a and altitude 12.5. its area is (2a) (12.5) = (2)(1.9867)(12.5)
= 49.668 sq. ft.

CIRCULAR CYLINDER

A circular cylinder is a cylinder which has a circular right section.

Properties

If a prism whose right section is a regular polygon is inscribed in or circumscribed about a circular cylinder, and
if the number of sides of the right section of the prism is indefinitely increased in such a way that every side
approaches zero, the volume of the cylinder is the limit of the volume of the prism; the lateral area of the
cylinder is the limit of the lateral area of the prism; the perimeter of a base of a base of the cylinder is the limit
of the perimeter of a base of the prism.

Formulas

The lateral area of a circular cylinder is equal to the product of the perimeter of a right section and an element.
Lateral area = perimeter of right section X element
S = PKe

The volume of a circular cylinder is equal to the product of either a right and an element, or the base and the
altitude.

Volume = base X altitude

V = Bh
Volume = right section X element
V = Ke

A pole in the form of a circular cylinder of altitude 18 ft. and diameter of right section 0.4 ft. has a base whose
largest dimension is 0.5 ft. If the pole rolls until it has covered an area of level ground, equal to that of one acre,
how many revolutions will it make?
11
Solution: Through the axis of the cylinder pass a plane containing FA, the longer dimension of the upper base.
In this plane drop perpendicular AC to EB produced and drop perpendicular BD to EF. Since the sides of angles

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MODERN GEOMETRY Prepared by: ERIC P. SUPANGA
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DEB and ABC are respectively parallel, angle DEB = angle CBA. Whence right triangle ABC and DEB are
similar. Therefore

AB EB 0.5
= = ,
18 DB 0.4
AB = 22.5
The right section of the cylinder is a circle of diameter 0.4 ft. hence its perimeter Pk = 0.4π.
Substituting p = 0.4π and e = AB = 22.5 in the formula
S = Pke
We obtain

S = (0.4π)(22.5) = 9π sq. ft.

This is the lateral surface of the pole and hence is the area of level ground covered in one revolution. To find the
number of revolution n, made when the pole rolls over an acre (43,560 sq. ft), we write n (9 π) = 43,560
43,560
Or n = = 1540.6
9π

Right Circular Cylinder

A right circular cylinder is a circular cylinder whose elements are perpendicular to its base.

Properties
1. The axis of a right circular cylinder is the line joining the centers of the bases.
2. A right circular cylinder may be generated by the revolution of a rectangle about one side as an axis, and
is therefore also called a cylinder of revolution.
3. The center of any section of a right circular cylinder parallel to the base is on the axis
4. Any element of a right circular cylinder is equal to its altitude
5. Every section of a right circular cylinder made by a plane containing an elements is rectangle.

Formulas
The lateral area of a right circular cylinder is the product of its altitude and the circumference of its base.

Lateral area = altitude X circumference of the base.

S = hC

The volume of a right circular cylinder is the product of the area of the base and its altitude.
Volume = base X altitude
V = Bh

Example 1. Express the lateral surface S and volume V of a right circular cylinder in terms of the radius
of the base r and the altitude h.
Solution: for the circular base we have
Circumference C = 2πr
Therefore
S = 2πr h
Substituting B = π r 2 in the formula
V = Bh,
We obtain
V = π r2 h 12

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MODERN GEOMETRY Prepared by: ERIC P. SUPANGA
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 Example 2. An iron pipe 10 ft long has an internal diameter of 1 ft. If the iron is ½ in. thick, find the
volume of metal in the pipe.

Solution: From the figure we observe that the volume of metal required is the difference between the
volumes of two right circular cylinders of the same altitude. Therefore, if we denote the required volume
by V, the volume of the larger cylinder by V1, and the volume of the smaller cylinder by V2, we write
V = V1 – V2
Since for a cylinder V = Bh, we have
V = B1h – B2h
π d 21
Where B1 and B2 are the areas of the bases of the two cylinders. But in terms of diameters B1 = and
4
πd 22 π d 21 πd 2 π 2 2 π
B2 = . Therefore we have V = h -- 2 h = h ( d 1−d 2) = h( d1 +d 2 )(d 1−d 2 )
4 4 4 4 4
But h = 10 ft., d1 = 12 + (2) (1/2) = 13 in. = 13/12 ft., and d2 = 1 ft substituting these values in equation, we have

π 13 13
V = 10
4 12 [( ) ]
+1 ( −1) =1.3635 cu . ft .
12

REFERENCES:

 Kern and bland (1967)., Solid Mensuration, 2nd Edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., USA.

13
Cylinder
Name: __________________________________________ Date: ____________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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MODERN GEOMETRY Prepared by: ERIC P. SUPANGA
1st Semester, S.Y. 2020-2021 Instructor
Bachelor of Secondary Education Cp#: 09752410538
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Course/Sec: ______________________________________ Score: ___________

Exercise
Apply the formula in computing the volume of the cylinder.
1. Find the volume of the largest cylinder with circular base that can be inscribed in a cube whose volume
is 27 cu. in.

2. A cylinder whose base is a circle is circumscribed about a right prism of altitude 12.6 ft. Find the
volume of the cylinder if the base of the prism of
(a) a square of edges 3 ft.,

(b) a rectangular 3 ft by 4 ft

(c) an equilateral triangle of side 4 ft

(d) an isosceles triangle of sides 3 ft., 3ft., 2ft.

14

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MODERN GEOMETRY Prepared by: ERIC P. SUPANGA
1st Semester, S.Y. 2020-2021 Instructor
Bachelor of Secondary Education Cp#: 09752410538
[email protected]