First Term 2019-2020

Science
Grade 6
Final Revision

Mr. Ahmed Darwesh

1) Complete the following:
1. The mass of body is ………………………...
2. Mass is the amount of matter that a body contains and it does not change according to………………..
3. Mass is measured by different types of scales such as ………………………. and …………………….
4. If an object mass on the earth is 12 kg, then this object’s mass on the moon equals…………………..
5. …………………… is the measurement unit of mass which equals to the mass of one paper clip.
6. ……………… is the measurement unit of mass which equals to the mass of one liter of distilled water.
7. The mass of an object does not change when an object’s ………………….. changes.
8. ………………… is the force with which a body is attracted to the earth.
9. The force of earth’s attraction to a body is called…………………… and is measured by a unit ………………
10. ………………….. is measured in kilogram unit, while weight is measured in ………………….. unit.
11. Your weight changes depending on ……………………….. or …………………………..
12. The weight of a body on the earth’s surface increases as the ……………………. increases.
13. The gravitational force that effects on an apple whose mass is 200 g = ……………….. Newton
14. The gravitational force on a balloon………………………..when the distance between the balloon and the
center of the earth decreases.
15. If the weight of iron ball is 400 N, then it’s mass equals…………………
16. The effect of weight is always directed towards…………………….
17. The object’s mass on the moon’s surface………………………….. its mass on the earth’s surface.
18. An object’s weight on the moon’s surface equals……………………….. its weight on the earth’s surface.
19. The spring scale is used to measure …………………….. of the body, but the balance scale is used to
measure ………………….of the body.
20. Mass is measured by ………………….….scale, while weight is measured by…………………….scale.
21. Weight increases as the…………………. of the planet increases.
22. When a mass of a desk is 15 kg, then its weight equals…………………
23. The weight of a wooden box on the earth’s surface equals……………….. times its weight on the
moon’s surface.
24. Newton is the measurement unit of weight which equals…………………grams.
25. Objects seems weightless inside a spacecraft due to the absence of……………………
26. The mass of a body on the earth is………………………, whereas its weight on the earth is…………………

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27. Heat is one of the forms of ………………………….
28. Temperature is measured by using ……………………………..
29. Temperature is the degree of ……………………….. or ………………………. of a body.
30. ………………………. are the materials that allow heat to flow through.
31. ………………………. are the materials that don’t allow heat to flow through.
32. Aluminum conducts heat faster than ……………………….
33. …………………. is a bad conductor of heat, while copper is a ……………………. conductor of heat.
34. Among the bad conductors of heat are ………………………., ……………………….. and …………………………
35. Among the examples of good conductors of heat are…………………….. and ……………………….
36. Air is used in making ………………………… as it is an insulator.
37. Materials are classified according to conducting heat into ………………………. and ………………………….
38. Metals differ in conducting heat, we find out that ……………………………. Conducts heat faster than
Aluminum and ………………………..
39. Cooking pots are made of ………………………, while handles of cooking pots are made of ………………..
40. The medical thermometer is used to measure the………………………… of human body and its scale is
from ………………. °C to ………………°C
41. There is a constriction in the ………………………… thermometer.
42. To measure the temperature of liquids, we use………………………………
43. The main idea of making thermometer is changing the ……………………………. of the liquid as
the………………………… changes.
44. The liquid metal that can be seen easily through the thermometer glass is ………………………..
45. The scale of the Celsius thermometer starts from…………………….. to ………………………
46. Each degree in the scale of the medical thermometer is divided into…………………………. parts.
47. Before using the medical thermometer, we must sterilize it using…………………………..
48. Before using the medical thermometer, we must……………………. it well to force the mercury to go
back to the bulb.
49. Mercury does not ………………………. to the walls of the capillary tube.
50. The melting point of ice is………………… whereas ………………. is the boiling point of water.
51. The kinds of thermometer are……………………….. and ……………………..
52. The atmosphere is attracted to the earth by the effect of ………………………

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53. Nitrogen represents…………% of the total percentage of the atmosphere, while…………….. represents
21% of the volume of the atmosphere.
54. The atmosphere protects the earth by absorbing………………… radiation coming from outer space.
55. Oxygen gas of the atmosphere is consumed during………………………. and …………………………
56. Oxygen molecule consists of …… atoms, while the ………….. molecule consists of three oxygen atoms.
57. Oxygen gas is scarcely soluble in ………………….
58. Oxygen gas combines directly with most elements forming……………………..
59. Oxygen gas is collected by the displacement of…………………. Downwards because oxygen does not
dissolve in water.
60. The rapid combination between oxygen & elements producing heat and light is called……………….,
while the slow combination between them in the presence of moisture is called ………………………..
61. Oxyacetylene flame is used for…………………… and ……………………… of metals.
62. The mass of steel wool ……………………. after burning.
63. Manganese dioxide increases the decomposition of…………………. into oxygen and water.
64. The only source of oxygen is………………………. process performed by…………………..
65. Divers use……………………… cylinder during diving underwater.
66. Water molecule consists of two………………… atoms and one…………………….. atom.
67. Manganese dioxide acts as a …………………….. in the preparation of oxygen in the lab.
68. ……………………….. protects the earth from harmful radiation that comes from the sun.
69. …………………… gas is used in the photosynthesis, while …………….. gas is produced during this.
70. …………………… gas is used in the respiration, while …………….. gas is produced during this process.
71. Oxygen gas is prepared from……………………………. in the presence of………………………..
72. ………………….. gas doesn’t burn but helps in burning.
73. Hydrogen peroxide dissociates in the presence of manganese dioxide into……………… and …………..
74. Carbon dioxide can be prepared by adding ………………………. to …………………….
75. Carbon dioxide molecule consists of one ……………….. atom linked with two…………….. atoms.
76. Exhaled air contains a large amount of ………………………. gas that makes ……………………….. turbid.
77. When carbon dioxide level increases in air, it causes ………………………………………
78. ……………………. gas is used in refrigeration, whereas …………………… gas is used in welding of metals.

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79. Oxygen is produced from …………………….. process, while carbon dioxide is produced from
……………………….. process.
80. Among the properties of carbon dioxide are ………………………. and ………………………..
81. Yeast is added to bread as it produces ……………………. Which makes the bread …………… and …………
82. Solid carbon dioxide is called ……………………… and it is used in ………………………….
83. Nitrogen molecule consists of ……………………. Nitrogen atoms and its symbol is ……………….
84. Nitrogen reacts with oxygen to form …………………….. which reach to the soil by …………………..
85. During lightening, …………………gas reacts with …………………. gas and nitrogen oxides are formed.
86. Nitrogen is an essential element for the tissue of living organisms as it forms ……………………….
87. Nitrogen gas is called ‘’azote’’ because it …………………………………………………………….
88. The brain consists of ............................., ............................ and ............................
89. The axon of nerve cell is surrounded by ............................ sheath.
90. The center of thinking and memory lies in ................................
91. The number of cranial nerves is ............. pairs and the number of spinal nerves is ......................
92. The nervous system consists of two major systems which are ........................... and ........................
93. The axon of the nerve cell ends with a nerve ending called ...............................
94. The central nervous system consists of .............................. and .............................
95. The brain is protected by .............................., while the spinal cord is protected by ...........................
96. The outer surface of the brain is called the ................. matter, while the inner part is called the
.................. matter.
97. The gray matter of the spinal cord has the shape of the letter ............. which is surrounded by the
.................... matter.
98. The voluntary processes are controlled by .............................., while the involuntary processes are
controlled by ...............................
99. Heartbeats and respiratory movements are controlled by ....................., while running is controlled
by ................................
100. ................... is responsible for the reflex actions, while the cerebellum is responsible for ...................
101. Withdrawing your hand quickly when you touch a sharp thorn of plant is due to ........................
102. The peripheral nervous system consists of .............................. and ...............................
103. The human locomotory system consists of two systems which are ………………….. and …………………..

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 104. The human skeletal system consists of ………………..……….. and …………………………
105. The axial skeleton consists of …………………………, …………………………… and ………………………….
106. backbone consists of …………… vertebrae, while the rib cage consists of ……………. ribs.
107. ………………..……….. is from immovable joints, while ………………..……….. is from the movable ones.
108. There are ………………………. between vertebrae to prevent their friction during movement.
109. …………………………. allow the body bend in different directions.
110. The appendicular skeleton consists of bones of ………………………. and bones of …………………………
111. ………………………………. allow us to eat, drink, write and hold things.
112. Bones of lower limbs are connected to …………………… and include ……………………… and ………………….
113. Bones of upper limbs are connected to …………………… and include ………………………………..
114. There are three types of joints which are ………………………….., ……………………………….. and …………………
115. The joints between bones of the skull are from the ………………………. joints.
116. ………………………… and ………………………….. joints are from the slightly movable joints.
117. Shoulder and thigh joints are example of ………………………. joints.
118. The knee joint is considered from …………………………. joints, while the hip joint is considered from
…………………………… joints.

2) Write the scientific term for the following:

1. The amount of matter in an object. (………………………………)
2. The attraction force of the earth on a body. (………………………………)
3. The device that is used to measure the mass of chemicals in lab. (………………………………)
4. The device that is used to measure the mass of objects. (………………………………)
5. The unit of measuring mass. (………………………………)
6. The type of scales that is used to measure large mass such as cheese and fruits. (……………………..……)
7. The device that is used to measure the weight. (………………………………)
8. The measuring unit of weight. (………………………………)
9. The form of energy that transfers from a hot body to a cold one. (………………………………)
10. The indicator that helps us to express the state of a body as for hotness or coldness. (………………………)
11. Materials which allow heat to flow through. (………………………………)
12. A group of materials including wool, wood and glass. (………………………………)
13. The best metal in conducting heat. (………………………………)

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14. The materials that are used in making of cooking pots and kettles. (………………………………)
15. The materials that are used in making of handles of cooking pots and kettles. (…………………………)
16. An insulating material which is left between the two glass sheets of the insulating glass window.
(………………………………)
17. The type of clothes that is used in winter to keep our bodies’ temperature. (……………………………)
18. The tool that is used to measure the temperature of liquids. (……………………………)
19. The instrument that is used to measure the temperature of human body. (……………………………)
20. The modern device which is used to measure the temperature of the human body especially children.
(……………………………)
21. The liquid that is used in making of thermometers, and it is a good conductor of heat.
22. The liquid that is used in sterilizing the clinical thermometer. (……………………………)
23. The part of the medical thermometer that prevents mercury from going back to the bulb easily.
24. The part of the medical thermometer that is filled with mercury. (……………………………)
25. Flame is used in cutting and welding metals. (………………………………)
26. A gas composed of three oxygen atoms. (………………………………)
27. It is the layer that protects the earth from harmful radiation that comes from the sun. (……………)
28. The gas that combines with oxygen to produce a flame whose temperature is sufficient to melt
metals. (………………………………)
29. The process that is performed by green plants in which carbon dioxide is absorbed from air to
produce food and oxygen. (………………………………)
30. The chemical substance that acts as a catalyst in the preparation of oxygen. (………………………………)
31. A gas in the atmosphere when its ratio increases in the air, it causes severe harm to the earth’s
climate. (……….................)
32. The method that is used to collect carbon dioxide during its preparation. (……….................)
33. A phenomenon that happens when carbon dioxide level increases in the atmosphere and increase the
earth’s temperature. (……….................)
34. The gas that is used in making soft drinks and dry ice. (……….................)
35. A substance produced from the combination of nitrogen gas with oxygen during lightening.
36. The main source for preparing nitrogen. (..................................)
37. A type of plant that produces protein from nitrogen by the help of one type of soil bacteria.

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38. The gas that composes the most important part in proteins. (..................................)
39. The basic structural unit of nervous system. (.................................)
40. The system that consists of the brain and spinal cord. .(.................................)
41. The part of the brain that is responsible for regulating the involuntary processes such as heartbeats.
42. Automatic response of the body to different stimuli. .(.................................)
43. Part of the nervous system responsible for the reflex actions. .(.................................)
44. The nerve endings which are located at the end of the cell body of neurons. .(.................................)
45. The largest part of the brain which controls the voluntary processes such as running in a race.
46. A series of vertebrae that surrounds the spinal cord and protects it. .(.................................)
47. The system that consists of cranial nerves and spinal nerves. .(.................................)
48. The bony case that protects the brain. (.................................)
49. Structures which are located between vertebrae of the backbone to prevent their friction during
motion. (.................................)
50. The structure which allow the body to bend in different directions. (.................................)
51. The part of the axial skeleton that protects the heart and lungs. (.................................)
52. The structure of the rib cage to which the first ten pairs of ribs are connected. (.................................)
53. The part of the axial skeleton that helps in inhalation and exhalation. (.................................)
54. The type of joints that does not allow any movement. (.................................)
55. The type of joints that allows movement in all directions. (.................................)
56. It consists of 33 bony vertebrae. (.................................)

3) Give reason for each of the following:

1. An object falls downwards.
2. The moon’s gravity is less than the earth’s gravity.
3. The weight of an object is affected by its mass.
4. The balance scale should be placed horizontally on a stable shelf.
5. The weight of a body on a balloon is smaller than its weight on the earth.
6. The weight of a person on the earth is heavier than his weight on the moon.
7. The mass of a body on the earth’s surface = the mass of the same body on the moon’s surface.
8. A space filled with air is left between the two glass sheets of the insulating glass window?
9. Gaps are left between the railway bars?

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10. Cooking pots are made of Aluminum or stainless steel?
11. We wear wool clothes in winter?
12. Plastic and wood are used to make handles of cooking pots?
13. In the medical thermometer, there is a constriction above the mercury bulb?
14. We must shake the medical thermometer well before using it?
15. Mercury is used in making thermometers?
16. The medical thermometer is not used for measuring the boiling point of water?
17. The mercury gives a wide range to measure temperature?
18. The medical thermometer must be sterilized before using?
19. It is dangerous to seize the thermometer firmly with our teeth?
20. Although oxygen is consumed during respiration, its % remains stable in the atmosphere?
21. Using oxyacetylene flame in cutting metals?
22. Although smoke and dust are considered air pollutants, they have an important role in air?
23. The atmosphere is very important for the continuity of life on the earth surface?
24. Oxygen is produced by downward displacement of the water in the flask during its preparation in
the laboratory?
25. Mountain climbers use oxygen cylinders?
26. The pillars of the bridges are isolated from the atmospheric air by paints?
27. When you burn a ball of cleansing wire strongly, its mass increases?
28. Carbon dioxide has great importance for the continuity of life on the earth?
29. The clear limewater becomes turbid when carbon dioxide gas passes through it?
30. Carbon dioxide is used in extinguishing fires?
31. The environment suffers from increasing the ratio of carbon dioxide gas in recent years?
32. Carbon dioxide is not collected by the displacement of water downwards?
33. Cutting up forests leads to the increase of carbon dioxide percentage in nature?
34. The main source of nitrogen is the air?
35. Damage of the medulla oblongata causes death?
36. There are cartilages between the vertebrae of the backbone?
37. The rib cage surrounds the heart and lungs?
38. Upper limbs have a great importance for human life?

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 39. The shoulder joint is considered a freely movable joint?

4) What happens when…?

1. The mass of an object increases.
2. The distance between a person in a balloon and the center of the earth increases.
3. A body moves away from the center of the earth according to its mass and weight.
4. You hold a glass of hot tea with your hand.
5. You hold a cube of ice with your hands.
6. No gaps are left between railway bars.
7. Heavy woolen clothes are used in winter.
8. There is no constriction in the medical thermometer?
9. You use the medical thermometer without sterilizing it?
10. Leaving iron nails in moist air for a long time.
11. There is no gravitational force on the earth.
12. The ratio of oxygen gas in air decreases.
13. You blow in a jar containing limewater?
14. The percentage of carbon dioxide in the air increases?
15. The percentage of carbon dioxide in the air decreases?
16. A cylinder filled with carbon dioxide is turned upside down on a lighted candle?
17. Adding dilute hydrochloric acid to calcium carbonate?
18. Drinking big quantities of soft drink?
19. Yeast is added to dough of bread?
20. Getting rid of soil bacteria?
21. Oxygen reacts with nitrogen during lightening?
22. Sitting for long times in front of computers?
23. Your finger gets pricked by plant thorns?
24. Something get very close to your eyes?
25. Overdrinking of coffee and tea stimulants?
26. Infection of medulla oblongata?
27. Absence of cartilages between vertebrae of the back bone?
28. Shoulder joints become from the slightly movable joints?

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 29. Joints are not found in human skeleton?
5) What is the use (importance) of:
1. The spring scale: ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. The sensitive scale: ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3. The balance scale:…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4. Good conductors of heat: ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
5. Bad conductors of heat: …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
6. The thermometer: …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
7. The medical thermometer: ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
8. The Celsius thermometer:………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
9. The mercury in thermometers:………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
10. Oxyacetylene flame…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
11. The ozone layer………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
12. The atmosphere……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
13. Catalyst……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….............
14. Oxygen gas……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
15. The air pollutants……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
16. Soil bacteria……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
17. Medulla oblongata:.............................................................................................................................
18. Spinal cord:..........................................................................................................................................
19. Skull:....................................................................................................................................................
20. Cerebellum:.........................................................................................................................................
21. The two hemispheres:.........................................................................................................................
22. The brain:............................................................................................................................................
23. The nervous system:............................................................................................................................
24. The rib cage:.........................................................................................................................................
25. The backbone:......................................................................................................................................
26. The bones of upper limbs:....................................................................................................................
27. The bones of lower limbs:..................................................................................................................
28. Cartilages between vertebrae:…………………………………………………………………………………........................

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 29. joints:....................................................................................................................................................
6) Compare between each of the following:
1. Mass and weight (definition – unit – measuring tools – direction – effect of places)
2. Heat conductors and heat insulators (definition – examples – uses)
3. Medical thermometer & Celsius thermometer (scale – constriction – used liquid - uses)
4. respiration and photosynthesis (gas produced - gas consumed)
5. The central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system (structure)
6. Cranial nerves and spinal nerves (description – number)
7. The slightly movable joints and freely movable joints (movement - examples)
8. The upper limbs and lower limbs (structure – function)
9. Axial skeleton and Appendicular skeleton (structure)

7) determine the type of joint in each of the following:

1. The knee joint:………………………………………………………….
2. Elbow joint:……………………………………………………………….
3. Shoulder joint:…………………………………………………………..
4. Skull joint:…………………………………………………………………
5. Thigh joint:……………………………………………………………….
6. Wrist joint:………………………………………………………………..

8) An object whose weight is 30 Newton on the earth’s surface.

i. Calculate: a. Its mass on the earth’s surface. = ……………………………………………………….
b. Its mass on the moon’s surface. =………………………………………………………..
c. Its weight on the moon’s surface. = …………………………………………………….

9) If a body’s mass is 30 kg on the moon’s surface.

ii. Calculate: a. Its weight on the earth. = …………………………………………………………………..
b. Its weight on the moon. =…………………………………………………………………..
c. Its mass on the earth. = ……………………………………………………………………..

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10) Look at the following figure, then answer:
1) The name of this device is …………………………………………………..
The use of this device…………………………………………………………
The liquid which is used in making is ………………………
_________________________________________________________________________________
2) The produced gas is ………………………
(1) is ………………………………….
(2) is ………………………………….
(3) is ………………………………….
The evolved gas is collected by .………………………………………
Mention two uses of the evolved gas……………………………………………………………………………
_____________________________________________________________________________
3) The figure represents the preparation of………………..
(1) is ………………………………….
(2) is ………………………………….
(3) is ………………………………….
(4) is …………………………………..

_________________________________________________________________________________
4) The figure represents ……………………
(1) is ………………………………….
(2) is ………………………………….
(3) is ………………………………….
(4) is …………………………………..
(5) is ………………………………….
(6) is ………………………………….
(7) is ………………………………….
_________________________________________________________________________________
5) The figure represents …………………………
(1) is ………………………………….
(2) is ………………………………….
(3) is ………………………………….

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 Model Answers
Complete the following:
1. the amount of matter in object 42. Celsius thermometer 80. colorless &odorless and
2. place 43. volume – temperature easily dissolves in water
3. one arm scales – two arm scales 44. mercury 81. carbon dioxide – porous –
4. 12 kg 45. 0 °C to 100 °C tasty
5. Gram 46. 10 82. dry ice – refrigeration
6. Kilogram 47. methyl alcohol 83. two – N2
7. place or shape 48. shake 84. nitrogen oxides – acidic rains
8. weight – Newton 49. stick 85. oxygen – nitrogen
9. mass – Newton 50. 0 °C - 100 °C 86. proteins
10. mass – distance from the 51. medical thermometer – 87. doesn’t help in burning or
center of Earth Celsius thermometer respiration
11. mass 52. gravity 88. cerebrum – cerebellum –
12. 2 53. 78% - oxygen medulla oblongata
13. increases 54. UV 89. myelin
14. 40 kg 55. respiration – burning process 90. cerebrum
15. center of the Earth 56. two oxygen – ozone 91. 12 – 31 pairs
16. equals 57. water 92. central nervous system –
1
17. 6 58. element oxide peripheral nervous system
18. weight – mass 59. water 93. axon terminals
19. balance – spring 60. burning – rusting 94. brain – spinal cord
20. weight 61. cutting – welding 95. skull – vertebral column
21. 150 N 62. increases 96. grey – white
22. 6 63. hydrogen peroxide 97. H – white
23. 100 64. photosynthesis process – 98. cerebrum – medulla
24. gravity green plants oblongata
25. constant – variable 65. oxygen 99. cerebrum – balance of body
26. energy 66. hydrogen – oxygen during movement
27. higher – lower 67. catalyst 100. spinal cord – balance of body
28. thermometers 68. ozone layer during movement
29. hotness – coldness 69. carbon dioxide – oxygen 101. reflex action
30. heat conductors 70. oxygen – carbon dioxide 102. cranial nerves – spinal nerves
31. heat insulators 71. hydrogen peroxide – 103. the skeletal system – the
32. iron manganese dioxide muscular system
33. air - good 72. oxygen 104. the axial skeleton – the
34. air – glass – wood 73. oxygen – water appendicular skeleton
35. copper – aluminum 74. diluted HCl – calcium 105. the skull – the backbone –
36. insulating of glass window carbonate the rib cage
37. heat conductors – heat 75. carbon – oxygen 106. 33 – 24 (12 pairs)
insulators 76. carbon dioxide – clear 107. bones of the skull – shoulder
38. copper – iron limewater 108. cartilages
39. aluminum – wood 77. difficulty in breathing and 109. the backbone
40. temperature – 35 °C to 42 °C global warming 110. upper limbs – lower limbs
41. medical 78. carbon dioxide – oxygen 111. bones of upper limbs
79. photosynthesis – respiration
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 112. pelvic bones – femur bone - 114. immovable, slightly movable 117. freely movable
shaft bones and freely movable 118. slightly movable – freely
113. shoulder bones – Humerus 115. immovable movable
bone – forearm bones 116. knee – elbow
Write the scientific term for the following:
1. mass 21. mercury 41. medulla oblongata
2. weight 22. methyl alcohol 42. reflex action
3. sensitive balance 23. constriction 43. spinal cord
4. balance scale 24. mercury bulb 44. dendrites
5. gram or kilogram 25. oxy-acetylene flame 45. cerebrum
6. common balance 26. ozone gas 46. vertebral column (or back
7. spring scale 27. ozone layer bone)
8. Newton 28. acetylene gas 47. peripheral nervous system
9. heat energy 29. photosynthesis process 48. the skull
10. temperature 30. manganese dioxide 49. cartilages
11. good heat conductors 31. carbon dioxide 50. vertebral column (or back
12. heat insulators 32. upward displacement of air bone)
13. copper 33. global warming 51. the rib cage
14. good heat conductors 34. carbon dioxide 52. sternum (or breast bone)
15. bad heat conductors 35. nitrogen oxides 53. the rib cage
16. air 36. atmospheric air 54. immovable joints
17. woolen clothes 37. leguminous plants 55. freely movable joints
18. Celsius thermometer 38. nitrogen 56. vertebral column (or back
19. medical thermometer 39. neuron (or nerve cell) bone)
20. digital thermometers 40. central nervous system

Give reason for each of the following:

1. Due to the effect of gravity
2. Because the mass of the moon is less than the mass of the earth and as the mass of the planet increases,
its gravitational increase.
3. Because as the mass of the object increases, its weight increases.
4. To prevent vibration.
5. Because as the distance between the body and the center of the earth increases, the weight decreases.
6. Because the mass of the moon is less than the mass of the earth and as the mass of the planet increases,
its gravitational increase.
7. Because the mass of the body is constant (it doesn’t change with changing place)
8. To prevent the leakage of heat as air is a bad conductor of heat.
9. To prevent train accident as iron is a good conductor of heat that expands and twist by heating.
10. Because aluminum and stainless steel are good conductors of heat.
11. To keep the body warm as the wool is a bad conductor of heat.
12. Because plastics and wood are bad conductors of heat.
13. To prevent mercury from going back to the bulb quickly in order to read the temperature easily.

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 14. To force the mercury to go back to the bulb.
15. Because it is a liquid metal and can be easily seen through the capillary, good conductor of heat and does
not stick to the wall of the capillary.
16. Because water boils at 100 ˚c and the scale of the medical thermometer ranges from 35 ˚c to 42 ˚c.
17. Because it remains liquid between -39 ˚c to 357 ˚c
18. To kill microbes.
19. In order not to break it as mercury is toxic.
20. Because green plants produce oxygen from photosynthesis process that compensate the ratio consumed
in respiration.
21. Because its temperature reaches 3500 ˚c which is enough for cutting and welding metals.
22. Because they help in the condensation of water vapor and falling of rains or snow.
23. Because it protects the earth by absorbing harmful ultraviolet rays which come from outer space.
And adjusts the temperature of the earth’s surface.
24. Because oxygen is scarcely soluble in water.
25. Because oxygen is heavier than air.
26. To prevent them from rusting.
27. Because oxygen combines with iron forming an iron oxide.
28. Because carbon dioxide contributes in photosynthesis process that helps in making food for all living
organisms.
29. Due to the formation of calcium carbonate that does not dissolve in water.
30. Because it does not burn and does not help in burning.
31. Due to the removal of forests leads to the increase in the co2 percentage in air and the combustion of
massive amount of fuels in factories and means of transportation.
32. Because carbon dioxide easily dissolves in water.
33. Because they absorb co2 needed to perform photosynthesis process.
34. Because nitrogen represents 78 % of the volume of air.
35. Because medulla oblongata is responsible for regulating involuntary process such as heartbeats and
movement of respiratory system during respiration.
36. To prevent frictions between vertebrae during movement.
37. To prevent the lungs and heart.
38. Because upper limbs allow us to eat, drink and write.
39. Because shoulder joint allow movement in all directions.
What happens when…?
1. The gravitational force increases and the weight of object increases.
2. The gravitational force decreases and the weight of the person decreases.
3. Mass of the body will not change, while its weight will decrease.
4. I will feel hot because heat transfers from the high temperature object (glass) to the low temperature
object (hand).
5. I will feel cold because heat transfers from the high temperature object (hand) to the low temperature
object (glass).
6. Train accidents may occur as iron is a good conductor of heat which will expands and twist.
7. Our bodies will feel warm as wool is bad conductor of heat which prevents the leakage of heat.

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 8. Mercury will go back to the bulb quickly and we cannot read the temperature.
9. We may be infected with some diseases.
10. Iron will rust.
11. The atmosphere will be not attracted to the earth and the living organisms will be harmed by uv coming
from the outer space.
12. Ratio of oxygen in air will be compensated by green plants by photosynthesis process.
13. Limewater turns into turbid due to the formation of calcium carbonate which does not dissolve in water.
14. Increasing the temperature of the earth (global warming) and man get suffocated then dies.
15. Green plants can’t make their food by photosynthesis process and no enough food and oxygen.
16. It will be put out because carbon dioxide does not burn and does not help in burning.
17. Carbon dioxide gas is produced.
18. Increase in the ratio of co2 gas in blood which leads to not getting the oxygen needed for all vital processes
and causes bones diseases.
19. It will produce co2 gas which expands by heat making bread porous and tasty.
20. Legumes will not have proteins.
21. Nitrogen oxide gas will be formed which reach the soil by acidic rains.
22. It will exhaust the sensory organs which will harm nervous system.
23. This will cause withdrawal of the hand quickly due to the reflex action.
24. This will cause blinking of the eye due to the reflex action.
25. This will affect the sleeping periods and heartbeats and lead to nervous tension.
26. The involuntary processes will stop, then die.
27. Friction between vertebrae will occur during movement causing acute pain.
28. The upper limbs will move in one direction only and will not be able to move freely.
29. Human skeleton will cannot move.
What is the use (importance) of:
1. A device used to measure weight.
2. A type of scale used to measure small masses such as gold and chemicals.
3. A type of scale used to measure large masses such as fruits and vegetables.
4. Making cooking pots and kettles.
5. Making handles of cooking pots, kettles and iron.
6. Used to measure the temperature.
7. Used to measure the temperature of human body.
8. Used to measure the temperature of liquids.
9. It is liquid metal used in making thermometers.
10. Used in cutting and welding of metals.
11. Protects the earth from harmful radiations.
12. Protects the earth by absorbing uv radiation coming from outer space.
13. Speeds up the rate of the chemical reaction without changing its quantity or properties.
14. Essential for respiration – compressed inside cylinders which is used during surgical operations and diving
underwater.
15. they help in the condensation of water vapor and falling of rains or snow.
16. Help legumes to make their proteins.

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 17. Responsible for regulating the involuntary processes of the body such as heartbeats.
18. It responsible for the reflex actions.
19. Protects the brain.
20. Keeps the body balance during movement.
21. It controls the voluntary movement of the body like walking and running.
22. Main control center in the body as it directs and coordinates all the processes, ideas and emotions
23. It regulates and coordinates all vital processes within the body.
24. Protects the lungs and heart.
25. Allow the body moves in different directions. – protects the spinal cord.
26. Allow eating, drinking, writing and holding things.
27. Allow walking, running, standing and sitting.
28. Prevent friction between vertebrae during movement.
29. Allow movement between bones.

Compare between each of the following:

Points of comparison Mass weight

definition Amount of matter in an object The force with which the body is
attracted to the earth
unit Gm – Kg - Ton Newton
Measuring tools Balance scale – sensitive scale Spring scale
direction Has no direction Toward the center of the earth
effect of places constant variable

Points of comparison Heat conductors Heat insulators

definition Material that allow heat to flow Material that don’t allow heat to
through flow through
examples Copper – Aluminum - iron Wood – plastic - wool - air
uses Making cooking pots Making handles of cooking pots

Points of comparison Medical thermometer Celsius thermometer

Range of scale From 35 ˚C to 42 ˚C From 0 ˚C to 100 ˚C
constriction present absent
Used liquid mercury mercury
use Measure temp. of human body Measure temp. of liquids

Points of comparison Respiration Photosynthesis

Gas produced oxygen carbon dioxide
Gas consumed carbon dioxide oxygen

Points of comparison Central nervous system Peripheral nervous system

structure Brain and spinal cord Cranial nerves and spinal nerves
Points of comparison Cranial nerves Spinal nerves
description Emerging from the brain Emerging from the spinal cord
number 12 pairs 31 pairs

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 Points of comparison slightly movable joints freely movable joints
movement allow movement in one allow movement in all direction
direction
example Knee joint – elbow joint Shoulder joint – wrist joint

Points of comparison Upper limbs Lower limbs

description Connected to shoulder bones Connected to pelvic bones
Consists of (Humerus – forearm Consists of (femur – shaft –foot )
– hand ) bones bones
function Allow eating, drinking and Allow walking, running and
writing standing

Points of comparison Axial skeleton Appendicular skeleton

Structure Skull – Vertebral column – Rib Bones of upper limbs – Bones of
cage lower limbs

determine the type of ...:

1. slightly movable joint 3. freely movable 5. freely movable
2. slightly movable joint 4. immovable joint 6. freely movable

An object whose weight is 30 Newton on the earth’s surface.

1. a) Mass on the earth =( weight on the earth / 10)=30/10 = 3 Kg
b) Mass on moon = mass on earth = 3 Kg
𝟏 𝟏
c) Weight on the moon = x weight on the earth = x 30 = 5 N
𝟔 𝟔

If a body’s mass is 30 kg on the moon’s surface.

2. a) Weight on the earth = (mass on the earth or moon) x 10 = 30 x 10 = 300 N
𝟏 𝟏
b) Weight on the moon = x weight on the earth = x 300 = 50 N
𝟔 𝟔

c) Mass on the earth = mass on the moon = 30 Kg

Look at the following figure, then answer:

1. medical thermometer – measuring the temperature of human body – mercury.
2. carbon dioxide gas – (1) is dilute hydrochloric acid – (2) is calcium carbonate – (3) is CO2 gas – collected by
upward displacement of air – CO2 is used in refrigeration – extinguishing fires – making soft drinks
3. oxygen gas – (1) is hydrogen peroxide – (2) is manganese dioxide – (3) is oxygen gas – (4) is water
4. neuron – (1) is axon terminals – (2) is dendrites – (3) is nucleus – (4) is plasma membrane – (5) is myelin sheath –
(6) is the axon – (7) is the cell body
5. (1) is Femur bone – (2) is shaft bone – (3) is foot bone

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