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Web Development Fundamentals - Learn HTML - Elements Cheatsheet - Codecademy

The document provides information on common HTML elements and their usage: [1] HTML elements include tags like <p>, <div>, <span> that provide structure and layout to web pages. Each element has an opening and closing tag that can contain text or other elements. [2] Elements help define headings, paragraphs, lists and group related content. For example, <h1> is the main heading, <ul> creates an unordered list, and <div> acts as a container. [3] Attributes like id, class, and style can customize elements by identifying them or altering styles. For example, the id attribute uniquely identifies an element, class indicates an element type, and

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57 views

Web Development Fundamentals - Learn HTML - Elements Cheatsheet - Codecademy

The document provides information on common HTML elements and their usage: [1] HTML elements include tags like <p>, <div>, <span> that provide structure and layout to web pages. Each element has an opening and closing tag that can contain text or other elements. [2] Elements help define headings, paragraphs, lists and group related content. For example, <h1> is the main heading, <ul> creates an unordered list, and <div> acts as a container. [3] Attributes like id, class, and style can customize elements by identifying them or altering styles. For example, the id attribute uniquely identifies an element, class indicates an element type, and

Uploaded by

ilias ahmed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Cheatsheets / Web Development Fundamentals

Learn HTML: Elements


HTML
HTML (HyperText Markup Language) is used to give
content to a web page and instructs web browsers on
how to structure that content.

HTML Element
An HTML element is a piece of content in an HTML
document and uses the following syntax: opening tag + <p>Hello World!</p>
content + closing tag. In the code provided:

● <p> is the opening tag.

● Hello World! is the content.

● </p> is the closing tag.

HTML Tag
The syntax for a single HTML tag is an opening angle
bracket < followed by the element name and a closing <div>
angle bracket > . Here is an example of an opening
<div> tag.

Element Content
The content of an HTML element is the information
between the opening and closing tags of an element. <h1>Codecademy is awesome! 🙂</h1>

Closing Tag
An HTML closing tag is used to denote the end of an
HTML element. The syntax for a closing tag is a left angle <body>

bracket < followed by a forward slash / then the ...

element name and a right angle bracket to close > . </body>

<body> Body Element


The <body> element represents the content of an HTML
document. Content inside <body> tags are rendered on <body>

the web browsers. <h1>Learn to code with Codecademy :)


Note: There can be only one <body> element in a </h1>

document.
</body>
HTML Structure
HTML is organized into a family tree structure. HTML
elements can have parents, grandparents, siblings, <body>

children, grandchildren, etc. <div>

<h1>It's div's child and body's


grandchild</h1>

<h2>It's h1's sibling</h2>

</div>

</body>

<h1>-<h6> Heading Elements


HTML can use six different levels of heading elements.
The heading elements are ordered from the highest level <h1>Breaking News</h1>

<h1> to the lowest level <h6> . <h2>This is the 1st subheading</h2>

<h3>This is the 2nd subheading</h3>

...

<h6>This is the 5th subheading</h6>

<div> Div Element


The <div> element is used as a container that divides an
HTML document into sections and is short for “division”. <div>

<div> elements can contain flow content such as <h1>A section of grouped elements</h1>

headings, paragraphs, links, images, etc. <p>Here’s some text for the section</p>

</div>

<div>

<h1>Second section of grouped


elements</h1>

<p>Here’s some text</p>

</div>

HTML Attributes
HTML attributes are values added to the opening tag of an
element to configure the element or change the <p id="my-paragraph" style="color:
element’s default behavior. In the provided example, we green;">Here’s some text for a paragraph
are giving the <p> (paragraph) element a unique that is being altered by HTML
identifier using the id attribute and changing the color attributes</p>
of the default text using the style attribute.

Attribute Name and Values


HTML attributes consist of a name and a value using the
following syntax: name="value" and can be added to the <elementName name="value"></elementName>
opening tag of an HTML element to configure or change
the behavior of the element.
Unique ID Attributes
In HTML, specific and unique id attributes can be
assigned to different elements in order to differentiate <h1 id="A1">Hello World</h1>
between them.
When needed, the id value can be called upon by CSS
and JavaScript to manipulate, format, and perform
specific instructions on that element and that element
only. Valid id attributes should begin with a letter and
should only contain letters ( a-Z ), digits ( 0-9 ), hyphens
( - ), underscores ( _ ), and periods ( . ).

<p> Paragraph Element


The <p> paragraph element contains and displays a
block of text. <p>This is a block of text! Lorem ipsum
dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing
elit.</p>

<span> Span Element


The <span> element is an inline container for text and
can be used to group text for styling purposes. However, <p><span>This text</span> may be styled
as <span> is a generic container to separate pieces of differently than the surrounding text.</p>
text from a larger body of text, its use should be avoided if
a more semantic element is available.

<em> Emphasis Element


The <em> emphasis element emphasizes text and
browsers will usually italicize the emphasized text by <p>This <em>word</em> will be emphasized
default. in italics.</p>

<strong> Strong Element


The <strong> element highlights important, serious, or
urgent text and browsers will normally render this <p>This is <strong>important</strong>
highlighted text in bold by default. text!</p>

<br> Line Break Element


The <br> line break element will create a line break in
text and is especially useful where a division of text is A line break haiku.<br>

required, like in a postal address. The line break element Poems are a great use case.<br>

requires only an opening tag and must not have a closing Oh joy! A line break.
tag.
<ul> Unordered List Element
The <ul> unordered list element is used to create a list
of items in no particular order. Each individual list item <ul>

will have a bullet point by default. <li>Play more music 🎸</li>

<li>Read more books 📚</li>

</ul>

<li> List Item Element


The <li> list item element create list items inside:
<ol>

● Ordered lists <ol> <li>Head east on Prince St</li>


● Unordered lists <ul> <li>Turn left on Elizabeth</li>
</ol>

<ul>

<li>Cookies</li>

<li>Milk</li>

</ul>

<ol> Ordered List Element


The <ol> ordered list element creates a list of items in
sequential order. Each list item appears numbered by <ol>

default. <li>Preheat oven to 325 F 👩‍🍳</li>


<li>Drop cookie dough 🍪</li>

<li>Bake for 15 min ⏰</li>

</ol>

<img> Image Element


HTML image <img> elements embed images in
documents. The src attribute contains the image URL <img src="image.png">
and is mandatory. <img> is an empty element meaning it
should not have a closing tag.

alt Attribute
An <img> element can have alternative text via the alt
attribute. The alternative text will be displayed if an image <img src="path/to/image" alt="text
fails to render due to an incorrect URL, if the image describing image" />
format is not supported by the browser, if the image is
blocked from being displayed, or if the image has not
been received from the URL.
The text will be read aloud if screen reading software is
used and helps support visually impaired users by
providing a text descriptor for the image content on a
webpage.
<video> Video Element
The <video> element embeds a media player for video
playback. The src attribute will contain the URL to the <video src="test-video.mp4" controls>

video. Adding the controls attribute will display video Video not supported

controls in the media player. </video>


Note: The content inside the opening and closing tag is
shown as a fallback in browsers that don’t support the
element.

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