Ch-6 Optical Storage Media
Ch-6 Optical Storage Media
Optical storage media offer a higher storage density at a lower cost. This
technology has been the main catalyst for the whole development of
multimedia in computing because it is used in multimedia external devices.
Label
The protective layer
The reflective layer
The substrate layer
In substrate layer we encounter holes, corresponding to the coded data
which are called pits. The areas between these pits are called lands. The
substrate layer is covered with a reflective layer. The laser beam is focused
on the reflective layer from the substrate layer. Therefore the reflected
beam has a strong intensity at the lands.
The video disk, in the form of laser vision, serves as the output of motion
pictures and audio. The data are stored in an analog-coded format on the
disk; the reproduced data meet the highest quality requirements. The laser
vision disk has a diameter of approximately 30cm and stores approximately
2.6 GB.
CD Audio
The transition from pit to land and from land to pit corresponds to the
coding of a 1 in the data stream. A 0 is coded as no transition.
The audio data rate can be easily derived from the given sample frequency
of 44.1 kHz and the 16-bit linear quantization.
The compact disk read only memory (CD ROM) was designed as the storage
format for general computer data.
CD ROM tracks are divided into audio and data types. The data tracks are
usually located at the beginning of the CD ROM and then followed by the
audio tracks.
Blocks
The use of a CD ROM with its general-purpose computer data requires
much better error correction and random access to a data unit with a
higher resolution than the track.
This data unit is called a block. A CD ROM block consists of 2352 bytes of a
CD audio block. Out of 2352 bytes, 2048 or 2336 bytes (depending on data
and audio) can be used for user data. The remaining bytes are used for the
identification of random access, as well as for another error correction
layer, thereby lowering the error rate further.
75 blocks per second are played back, each consisting of 32 frames. Each
frame is 73.5 bytes (588 bits).
Modes
The main motivation for this additional development was the concurrent
output of several media, which was insufficiently considered in previous
approaches.
Form 2: allows 13% more storage capacity out of the entire block size(2352 bytes).
An absorption layer exists between the substrate and the reflection layer.
This layer can be irreversibly modified through strong thermal influence,
which changes the reflection properties of the laser beam.
The CD Magneto Optical (CD-MO) has a high storage capacity and allows
one to write multiple times to the CD.
After the CD is irradiated with a laser beam, the polarization of the light
changes corresponding to the existing magnetization. Using this process,
the read operation is executed.