Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, West Bengal
Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, West Bengal
UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY,
WEST BENGAL
INTERNAL ASSIGNMENT ON
INTRODUCTION TO FORENSIC SCIENCE AND
CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTE
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INTRODUCTION
Branches of forensic science deals with the scientific methods and procedures to
investigate the crimes. To investigate the crime in effective way, separate
branches of forensic science has been formed for speedy trial and to provide
justice.
4. Cyber Forensics: The branch mainly dealing with the cybercrimes and
online frauds etc.
6. Forensic Physics: The study of buildings and such branch dealing with the
measurements.
7. Forensic Chemistry: This branch deals with all the tests to detect the
presence of various chemicals.
8. Forensic entomology: Science dealing with the study of insects and flies
to know the time since death.
10. Forensic engineering: Dealing to find the reason for building and bridges
collapse and similar things.
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11. Forensic ballistics: The study of arms and ammunition for the purpose of
court of law.
12. Forensic fingerprints: Branch dealing with the study of fingerprints for
the judicial purpose.
Biology Division:
Deals with biological materials like blood, semen, saliva, hair etc.
Undertakes examination of skeletal remains to find out species of origin, race,
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sex, age, stature of the bio materials.
Identifies dried bloodstains and body fluids Compares hairs and fibers
Identifies and compares botanical materials such as wood and plants
Serology Division:
Created as a result of the ever increasing load of serological examinations.
Responsible to find out the species of origin, blood group substances, enzyme,
serum protein etc. in the biological materials such as blood, semen, saliva,
epithelial cells, tissues, bones, hairs, teeth cavity scrapings etc.
DNA profiling.
Chemistry Division:
Carries out chemical analysis; both qualitative and quantitative.
Adulterated petroleum, fertilizers, medicines, burnt remains etc.
Toxicology Division:
Undertakes chemical analysis of all materials related to suspected poisoning
stomach wash, vomit, injection site etc.
Physics Division:
Analyses building materials like adulterated cement samples, cement-sand
proportions, strength of building materials etc.
Analysis of glass, sand, soil, paint, dirt etc.
Tool and cut mark identification, restorations of obliterated
marks/writings/numbers etc.
Narcotics Division:
Samples of all narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances are sent to this
division for analysis.
Analyses precursor chemicals used for manufacturing drugs and psychotropic
substances.
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Document Examination Unit:
Provides the skills needed for handwriting analysis and questioned document
issues.
Analyses paper and ink, indentations, obliterations, erasures, and burned or
charred documents.
Ballistics/Firearms Division:
Identification of firearms
Live/fired ammunitions
Distance of fire
Correlation between the ammunition and the firearm
Gunpowder residue analysis
Explosive Division:
Photography Unit:
Examines and records physical evidence at the crime scene and at suspects'
locations
Processes and examines evidence for latent fingerprints i.e. those found on
surfaces
Polygraph Unit:
Uses lie detectors, an essential tool of the crime investigator rather than the
forensic scientist
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CENTRAL FORENSIC SCIENCE LABORATORIES
Introduction:
The Central Forensic Science Laboratory comes under Ministry Of Home Affairs
and CBI. There are total seven Central Forensic Science Laboratories available in
India under the control of Directorate of Forensic Science Services.
Functions:
List of CFSLS:
HIERARCHY OF CFSL
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FORENSIC SCIENCE LABORATORIES (FSL)
HIERARCHY OF FSL
• DIRECTOR
• DEPUTY DIRECTOR
• ASSISTANT DIRECTOR
• SCIENTIFIC OFFICER
• TECHNICIANS
Each CDTS is headed by a Principal (IPS Officer) who is assisted by Vice Principal
and other faculty members of the rank of Dy. SPs and Inspectors in imparting
training to the participants.
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The Intelligence Bureau (IB) is India's domestic intelligence, internal security and
counter-intelligence agency. IB was founded on December 23, 1887
The Director of Intelligence Bureau is the chief of Intelligence Bureau, India's
internal-intelligence agency.
Its headquarter is situated in New Delhi.
HIERARCHY OF IB
Insigni
Position in Intelligence Bureau Position in police service
a
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Assistant Director Superintendent of Police
NICFS comes under Ministry Of Home Affairs and is situated in New Delhi.
HIERARCHY OF NICFS
NCRB comes under Ministry Of Home Affairs and is situated in New Delhi.
HIERARCHY OF NIA
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RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS WING (RAW)
India’s Research and Analysis Wing (RAW) is the country’s premier intelligence
agency.
It was formed in 1968 and its headquarter is situated in New Delhi which report
directly to PMO.
RAW is responsible for collecting military, economic, scientific, and political
intelligence through covert and overt operations across the border.
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Monitoring the political, military, economic and scientific developments in
countries which have a direct bearing on India's national security and the
formulation of its foreign policy.
Moulding international public opinion and influence foreign governments.
Covert Operations to safe guard India's National interests.
Anti – Terror Operations and neutralising terror elements posing a threat
to India.
HIERARCHY OF RAW
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RANKS
Designation Level
Special Secretary/Additional
Class I / Group A Officers
Secretary
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