Recall Quiz 2

Identification
________________ 1. The image formed by the optical system of the eye.
________________ 2. Ability to focus clearly on objects at different distances.
________________ 3. This structure accounts for more than 2/3 of the refraction of the eye.
________________ 4. This structure accounts for about 1/3 of the refraction of the eye.
________________ 5. The extent to which the image may be located in front of or behind the retina and still
appear to be clear is referred to as?
________________ 6. The extent to which the visual acuity chart may be moved toward or away from the patient
is referred to as?
________________ 7. A ring with a gap.
________________ 8. Normal refractive condition of the eye.
________________ 9. Significant difference in the spherical refractive errors for the two eyes.
________________ 10. A condition in which lowered visual acuity exists without an obvious cause.
________________ 11.Also known as “old-age sight”.
________________ 12. The resulting stimulus situation due to stimulation of disparate points in the retina.
________________ 13. A form of binocular vision in which points closer to or farther away from the fixation point
are perceived as being in three dimensions, or in depth.
________________ 14. Movements of the eyes in the same direction.
________________ 15. Movements of the eyes toward one another or away from one another.
________________ 16. Fast, abrupt movement initiated by a sudden increase in innervation to the muscles
concerned.
________________ 17. Slower conjugate movement made to keep the image of a moving object on or near the
fovea or to keep the image of a stationary object on or near the fovea as the head moves.
________________ 18. A method of objectively determining a patient’s refractive error at distance.
________________ 19. A method of objectively determining a patient’s refractive error at nearpoint.
________________ 20. Position taken by the eyes when no stimuli to fusion are present.
________________ 21. The process by which the images formed on the retinas of the two eyes are combined in
a single percept.
________________ 22. Ability of the accommodative system to change from one level to another.
________________ 23. A refractive defect of the eye a light from a distant object is focused as two orthogonal
focal lines rather than a single focal point.
________________ 24. A condition in which the accommodative ability is unequal between the two eyes.
________________ 25. Convenient test for determining the presence of strabismus at near.
________________ 26. Accommodative dysfunction with a direct organic etiology.
________________ 27. A term to denote a non-specific set of adverse symptoms thought to be attributed to the
use of the eyes.
________________ 28. Habitual condition in which there is an involuntary tendency to maintain accommodation
in the absence of a dioptric stimulus.
________________ 30. The convergence brought about by the tonus in the extra ocular muscles in an individual
who is awake.
________________ 31. A condition stemming from a relative difference in the size and/ or shape of the ocular
images.
________________ 32. Convergence elicited on accommodation.
________________ 33. The maximum dioptric increase that the accommodative system can provide the eyes.
________________ 34. The convergence that makes the final adjustment to gain binocular single vision.
________________ 35. A drug that is used to paralyze the ciliary muscle which results in a loss of
accommodation and its action is accompanied by mydriasis.
________________ 36. Ability to converge without a near stimulus and is controlled by the frontal oculomotor
area of the cortex.
________________ 37. Overfogging procedures done after the completion of the plus-lens-to-blur test at 40cm.
________________ 38. Inability to make a convergent movement to attain and maintain fusion.
________________ 40. Refractive error measured in darkness.
________________ 41. It occurs when a patient sees two images of one object.
________________ 42. A display comprising of a red filter above a green filter, each having two sets of ring
targets upon them.
________________ 43. A monocular sensory adaptation and exists when a non-foveal point is used for fixation in
an amblyopic eye.
________________ 44. IOP in the range of 24 to 32mmHg, with normal optic nerve appearance, normal visual
field findings, open anterior chamber angles and no other related ocular pathology.
________________ 45. Positive pressure within the eyeball.
________________ 46. This refers to an increase in myopia under low luminance conditions.
________________ 47. Refers to the measurement of refractive error of a patient by a means requiring no patient
response.
________________ 48. Structures that support and protect the eye.
Prepared by: Dr. Irine Lee-Cruz
CEU, College of Optometry
________________ 49. Refers to the locus within the eye conjugate with optical infinity during minimal
accommodation.
________________ 50. Adjustment of the eye for short distances by contraction of the ciliary muscles.
________________ 51. It is a condition in which the line of sight of one of the two eyes is not coincident with the
object of regard.
________________ 52. It results in difficulty reading letters on a line of an acuity chart when single letters of the
same size can be readily discriminated.
________________ 53. It proposes that the eye is a smart organ, one that can alter the rate of its growth in
response to its own optics.
________________ 54. It refers to the measurement of the pupil size under constant stimulus condition
________________ 55. Quantity and quality of the change in the size of the pupil in one eye when light is placed
on the retina of the opposite eye.
________________ 56. It is the only disjunctive movement that is under conscious control.
________________ 57. Ability to distinguish between two lines placed end-to-end with one of them literally
displaced.
________________ 58. It proposes that the eye is an elegant organ, one that can alter state of change in its
optics according to the needs of its growth and size.
________________ 59. Image of the pupil seen through the cornea.
________________ 60. Latent deviation of the lines of sight.
________________ 61. Measures the refractive error of the eye without the need for judgment by either the
examiner or the patient, but rather in which the refractive parameters are evaluated
explicitly and objectively according to preprogrammed criteria, the evaluation being done
without input from a human operator.
________________ 62. It refers to the measurement of changes in the pupil with changes in stimulus conditions,
either light or accommodation
________________ 63. Clinical procedure in which the subjective refraction is performed monocularly under
binocular-viewing conditions.
________________ 64. A clinical technique that provides a measurement of the tension of the eye, which
includes the combined resistance to deformity of its coats and the intraocular pressure.
________________ 65. This represents the ability to determine that a group of points or lines are separate and
distinct.
________________ 66. Quantity and quality of the change in the size of the pupil in one eye when light is placed
on the retina of that eye.
________________ 67. It is the additional plus lens power prescribed to augment the available accommodation
so near visual activity may be performed clearly and comfortably.
________________ 68. Binocular, conjugate movements of the eyes allowing the lines of sight to move in a
parallel direction.
________________ 69. Dioptric adjustment of the crystalline lens of the eye to obtain clear vision for a given
target of regard.
________________ 70. Point of intersection of the lines of sight of the eyes when maximum convergence is
utilized.
________________ 71. Manifest deviation of the line of sight of one eye.
________________ 72. Refers to the measurement of the refractive state when the patient is fixating at the near
point.
________________ 73. Quantity and quality of the change in the size of the pupil when fixation is changed from
distance to near, or from near to distance.
________________ 74. Muscles that support ocular alignment mechanism during version and vergence
movements
________________ 75. Tests the accommodative function without the influence of convergence.
________________ 76. Relaxation of a maximum amount of accommodation without the use of cycloplegic agent
________________ 77. The degree of blackness to whiteness of a target.
________________ 78. Adjustment of the eye for long distances by relaxation of the ciliary muscles.
________________ 79. Resting state of accommodation.
________________ 80. Smallest amount of contrast required to be able to see a target.
________________ 81. It is the ability to detect small difference in the brightness of two light sources.
________________ 82. It is the detection of misalignment of two line segments in a frontal plane. Recognition
of relative position.
________________ 83. It is the measure of spatial sense.
________________ 84. Degree of blackness or whiteness of a target.
________________ 85. It is not a disease but rather the effect of the lengthening of the posterior globe.
________________ 86. Abity to detect a dot or a line against a homogenous background.
________________ 87. Perception of transient visual phenomena such as flickering light.
________________ 88. Results in difficulty reading letters on aline of an acuity chart when single letters of the
same size can be readily discriminated.
________________ 89. Relaxation of a maximum amount of accommodation without the use of cycloplegic
agent
Prepared by: Dr. Irine Lee-Cruz
CEU, College of Optometry
________________ 90. Quantity and quality of change in the size of the pupils when fixation is changed from
near to distance, or distance to near.
________________ 91. Measurement of the change in the size of the pupil with changes in stimulus condition,
either light or accommodation
________________ 92. Measurement of the size of the pupil under constatnt stimulus condition.
________________ 93. Crispness of vision, enabling us to see objects that do not stand out from their
background.
________________ 94. Automatic adjustment of refractive state to obtain and maintain a sharply defined and
focused retinal image in response to a blur print.
________________ 95. Accommodation due to the tonicity of muscles and absence of accommodative
stimulus.
________________ 96. Determination of the refractive state of the eye on the basis of the optical principles of
refraction without the need for subjective responses on the part of the patient.
________________ 97. Supports ocular alignment mechanism during version (pursuit & saccades) and
vergence movements.
________________ 98. Supports focusing mechanism of the eyes to ensure sharp image in the fovea.
________________ 99. Accommodation initiated by convergence.
________________ 100. Testing the accommodative function without the influence of convergence.
________________ 101. Testing the accommodative function including the influence of convergence.
________________ 102. Displacement or difference in the apparent position of an object viewed along
different lines of sight.
________________ 103. It refers to the eye whose image is readily ignored.
________________ 104. It refers to the eye that does a better job of fixating on an object of regard under
binocular conditions.
________________ 105. Sighting dominance.
________________ 106. Comparision of hand and ocular dominance.
________________ 107. When the hand and eye have opposite dominance.

Prepared by: Dr. Irine Lee-Cruz