Question 1 [10.

3]
Which pair of events is mutually exclusive?
A Choosing an even number or choosing a multiple of 5, both from the numbers 1 to 100.
B Drawing an Ace or a King from a standard pack of 52 playing cards.
C People who like beans and people who like broccoli.
D Students who play hockey and those who play basketball.

Question 2 [10.4]
The tree diagram below shows the probabilities associated with tossing a biased coin twice.

The probability of obtaining tails exactly once is:

A 0.6 B 0.4 C 0.48 D 0.64

Question 3 [10.5]
A four-sided spinner, labelled 1 to 4, is spun three times. The probability that the third spin results in a 4, given that both
the previous two spins were 4s, is:
3 1 1 1
A 4 B 4 C 16 D 32

Question 4 [10.1]
A lucky dip has 7 movie tickets, 7 music download cards, 8 of both prizes and 3 booby prizes. The probability of randomly
choosing movie tickets is:

7 7 3 7
A 25 B 15 C 5 D 8

Question 5 [10.2]
In a group of 10 people, 7 like movie A and 8 like movie B. If all like at least one movie, what is the probability that a
person chosen at random likes both movies?
7 4 7 1
A 8 B 5 C 10 D 3

Question 6 [10.5]
I draw 2 cards from a standard pack of 52 playing cards without replacement. What is the probability that the second
card is an Ace if I know the first card is a not an Ace?
4 1 4 1
A 51 B 4 C 13 D 3

Question 7 [10.6]

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Two dice are rolled. The probability of obtaining a double (both dice the same number) is:
1 1 25 5
A 36 B 6 C 36 D 6

Question 8 [10.3]
A card is drawn from a standard pack of 52. The probability of obtaining a Queen or a heart is:
17 15 1 4
A 52 B 52 C 2 D 13

Question 9 2 marks [10.2]

Choose from the following words and expressions to complete the sentences below.
complementary events dependent events independent events sample space
tree  diagram two-way diagram Venn diagram mutually exclusive
(a) The two events ‘a number greater than 4’ and ‘a number less than or equal to 4’ are
____________________________.
(b) The list of all possible outcomes is called the ___________________.

Question 10 1 mark [10.4]

Explain in a sentence what you understand by the phrase ‘A and B are independent events’.

Question 11 4 marks [10.2]

Students were surveyed about whether they played tennis or squash. The probability that a student played tennis only
was 0.2; played squash only was 0.5; and played both was 0.1.
(a) Complete the following table to show this information.
tennis not tennis
squash 0.1 0.5 0.6
not squash 0.2 0.2 0.4
0.3 0.7 1.
(b) Find the probability that a person chosen at random does not play:
(i) either sport
(ii) squash.

Question 12 4 marks [10.2]

A total of 12 people participated in a survey about their favourite colour.
6 people said blue, 5 said red and 1 person said neither red nor blue.
(a) Draw a Venn diagram to show this information.
(b) Find the probability that if a person is chosen at random, then their favourite colour is:
(i) blue only
(ii) red only
(iii) both red and blue.

Question 13 5 marks [10.6]

A bag contains eight Mints and twelve Caramels. Two lollies are selected, one after the other, with no replacement.
(a) Draw a tree diagram labelled with probabilities to illustrate this information.
(b) Calculate the probability that the lollies are both Mints.
(c) Calculate the probability that the lollies are different (one Mint and one Caramel).

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Question 14 5 marks [10.5]
Cards have numbers written on them. There are six 1s, three 2s, four 3s, five 4s, and seven 5s. The cards are well shuffled
and one card is chosen at random. Find the probability that the card shows:
(a) an odd number
(b) a prime number
(c) a number less than 4, if you know it is odd.

Question 15 4 marks [10.5, 10.6]

Of the 80 members of a karate club, 32 are students and of these, 8 have black belts. There are
20 members in total with black belts.
(a) Show the information in a table.
(b) Find the probability that a member chosen at random:
(i) is a student with a black belt
(ii) is not a student and does not have a black belt.

Question 16 8 marks [10.3]

Cards numbered from 1 to 30 are shuffled, then a single card is drawn. Find:
(a) Pr(multiple of 2 or 5)
(b) Pr(factor of 10 or factor of 12)
(c) Pr(even or a factor of 24)
(d) Pr(neither a multiple of 2 nor a multiple of 5)

Question 17 6 marks [10.3]

A standard six-sided die is rolled twice.
(a) Complete the table to show the sample space.
(1, 1) (2, 1) (3, 1) (4, 1) (5, 1) (6, 1)

(1, 2) (2, 2) (3, 2) (4,2) 5,2 6,2

(1, 3) (2,3) (3,3) (4,3) 5,3 6,3

(1, 4) (2,4) (3,4) (4,4) 5,4 6,4

(1, 5) (2,5) (3,5) (4,5) 5,5 6,5

(1, 6) (2,6) (3,6 (4,6) 5,6 6,6

(b) Find the probability of rolling:

(i) a double (both dice the same number)
(ii) two numbers that add to give 4
(iii) two numbers that add to give 4 or 5
(iv) at least one 2.

Question 18 3 marks [10.6]

A couple are trying to decide on names for their new baby. They like the names Lily, Taylor, Rose and Grace. They plan to
pick names out of a hat but can’t decide whether to give the baby one or two of these names.
(a) How many different outcomes are possible for one or two names?
(b) What is the probability that the baby will be named Taylor Grace, if the selection is made randomly from all possible
outcomes?

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Question 19 4 marks [10.4]
A coin is biased so that the chance of heads is three times that of tails. The coin is tossed three times.
(a) Label this tree diagram with the probabilities along the branches.

(b) Find the probability of tossing:

(i) three heads in a row
(ii) two tails and one heads in that order
(iii) two tails and one heads in any order.

Question 20 4 marks [10.6]

A bag contains 10 balls, 3 of which are red, 2 are green and the rest blue. A ball is chosen at random, its colour noted and
then another ball is chosen without replacing the first ball.
(a) Find the probability that the balls chosen are:
(i) both red
(ii) red then blue, in that order
(iii) red and blue in any order.
(b) Now find the probability that neither ball is blue.
Extended answer section

Question 21 8 marks [10.2, 10.5]

An organisation employs 80 people. There are 50 people with specialist training in word processing (WP), 41 trained for
reception (R), 40 for MYOB, 29 with training in word processing and MYOB, 24 trained for word processing and
reception, 21 trained for MYOB and reception and 11 with training in all three areas. The remainder are involved in
administration.
(a) Complete the following Venn diagram to show this information.

(b) Where on the Venn diagram are the employees involved in administration?
(c) If a person is selected at random, find the probability that the person is involved with:
(i) administration
(ii) at least two of the skills of word processing, MYOB and reception
(iii) no more than one of the skills of word processing, MYOB and reception
(iv) exactly one of the skills of word processing, MYOB and reception.
(d) If a person has MYOB skills, what is the probability they have word processing skills?

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