IEEE STD C37.06.1-2017

IEEE Recommended Practice for
Preferred Ratings for High-Voltage

(>1000 volts) AC Circuit Breakers
Designated Definite Purpose for Fast
Transient Recovery Voltage Rise Times
IEEE Power and Energy Society
Sponsored by the
Switchgear Committee
IEEE IEEE Std C37.06.1™-2017

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New York, NY 10016-5997
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IEEE Std C37.06.1™-2017

Sponsored by the
Switchgear Committee
of the
IEEE Power and Energy Society
Approved 6 December 2017
IEEE-SA Standards Board
Abstract: The preferred ratings of transformer-limited fault duty (fast transient recovery voltage
rise times) of indoor and outdoor high-voltage circuit breakers rated above 1000 V for use in
commercial, industrial, and utility installations are described.
Keywords: fast transient recovery voltage rise times, high-voltage circuit breakers, IEEE
C37.06.1™, transformer-limited fault, transient recovery voltage, TRV

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Copyright © 2018 by The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.

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PDF: ISBN 978-1-5044-4581-8 STD22933

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2
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5
Participants
At the time this recommended practice was submitted to the IEEE-SA Board for approval, the Revision of
C37.06.1 Working Group had the following membership:
Sushil Shinde, Chair

Carl Schuetz, Vice Chair
Roy Alexander Lucas Collette Daniel Schiffbauer

Mauricio Aristizabal Patrick Di Lillo Harish Sharma
Stan Billings Denis Dufournet Michael Skidmore
Anne Bosma Helmut Heiermeier Jan Veisker
Arben Bufi Victor Hermosillo Richard York
Chih Chow Hua Ying Liu Xi Zhu
The following members of the individual balloting committee voted on this recommended practice.
Balloters may have voted for approval, disapproval, or abstention.
Roy Alexander Werner Hoelzl Reynaldo Ramos

Ficheux Arnaud William Hurst Anthony Ricciuti
Roy Ayers Todd Irwin Thomas Rozek
Thomas Barnes Richard Jackson Roderick Sauls
Robert Behl Andrew Jones Bartien Sayogo
W.J. (Bill) Bergman Yuri Khersonsky Daniel Schiffbauer
Jean-Marc Biasse James Kinney Nikunj Shah
William Bloethe Boris Kogan Hamid Sharifnia
Anne Bosma Jim Kulchisky Devki Sharma
Jeffrey Bragg Carl Kurinko Harish Sharma
Jeffrey Brogdon Chung-Yiu Lam Sushil Shinde
Steven Brown Benjamin Lanz Garett Sims
Ted Burse Hua Liu Michael Skidmore
Eldridge Byron Albert Livshitz Jeremy Smith
Paul Cardinal R. Long Jerry Smith
Chih Chow Frank Mayle James Stage
Lucas Collette William McBride David Tepen
Michael Crawford Neil Mc Cord James Van De Ligt
Gary Donner Peter Meyer Roger Verdolin
Denis Dufournet Charles Morse John Vergis
Kenneth Edwards Thomas Mulcahy Mark Waldron
Sergio Flores Jeffrey Nelson Keith Wallace
Paul Forquer Arthur Neubauer Paul Wasacz
Marcel Fortin Michael Newman John Webb
Mietek Glinkowski Nick S. A. Nikjoo Jan Weisker
Edwin Goodwin T. W. Olsen Kenneth White
Randall Groves Lorraine Padden Matthew Williford
Paul Hamer Shawn Patterson Larry Yonce
John Harley Jim Phillips Richard York
Timothy Hayden Iulian Profir Jian Yu
Jared Hines Moises Ramos Xi Zhu
6
When the IEEE-SA Standards Board approved this recommended practice on 6 December 2017, it had the
following membership:
Jean-Philippe Faure, Chair

Gary Hoffman, Vice Chair
John D. Kulick, Past Chair
Konstantinos Karachalios, Secretary
Chuck Adams Thomas Koshy Robby Robson

Masayuki Ariyoshi Joseph L. Koepfinger* Dorothy Stanley
Ted Burse Kevin Lu Adrian Stephens
Stephen Dukes Daleep Mohla Mehmet Ulema
Doug Edwards Damir Novosel Phil Wennblom
J. Travis Griffith Ronald Petersen Howard Wolfman
Michael Janezic Annette D. Reilly Yu Yuan
*Member Emeritus
7
Introduction
This introduction is not part of IEEE Std C37.06.1-2017, IEEE Recommended Practice for High-Voltage (>1000 volts)
AC Circuit Breakers Designated Definite Purpose for Fast Transient Recovery Voltage Rise Times.
This IEEE recommended practice is a revision of ANSI C37.06.1-2000 (Guide for High-Voltage Circuit
Breakers Rated on a Symmetrical Current Basis Designated “Definite Purpose for Fast Transient Recovery
Voltage Rise Times”) and deals with special applications with fast TRV requirements calling for definite
purpose circuit breakers with special TRV requirements and for circuit breakers in transformer-limited fault
applications. This document provides preferred values of standard ratings of fast transient recovery voltage
rise times. This recommended practice provides (1) preferred interrupting current and TRV values for
manufacturers to test their circuit breakers against, and (2) recommended TRV values for users from which
to choose when selecting circuit breakers for these applications. This document takes into account the fact
that the highest TRV rates of rise are obtained in TLF (transformer-limited fault) conditions. There might
be some cases of TRVs associated with faults near series reactors with a rate of rise greater than TLF. In
such cases the manufacturer should be consulted for circuit breaker suitability.
This document also introduces a transformer-limited fault (TLF) current breaking capability, as the current
specified would correspond to the actual need in service instead of a fixed percentage (10% or 30%) of the
rated short circuit current that is in many cases far from the real need. As per CIGRE Technical Brochure
362 [B1], 1 in the majority of cases it has been found that the TLF current is less than 11 kA and it is not
relevant to link the TLF current to 30% of the rated short-circuit current (63 kA).
The revision also includes a change from the 1-cosine to a two-parameter TRV envelope. A range of
transformer impedance data (600 examples) ranging from 115 kV to 765 kV was analyzed. The data
(expressed as current from infinite source) was spread over large spectrum.
ANSI C37.06.1-2000 was initially approved as a “trial-use” guide in 1997, and then approved for more
general use as a guide in 2000.
The rated transformer-limited fault breaking current is the highest transformer-limited fault current required
to be interrupted under the conditions of use and behavior prescribed in this recommended practice in a
circuit having a power-frequency recovery voltage corresponding to the rated maximum voltage of the
circuit breaker and having a transient recovery voltage equal to the value specified in Table 2 or Table 3.
Table 1 gives the standard rated transformer-limited fault breaking current selected from the R10 series.
The current specified would correspond to the actual need in service instead of a fixed percentage (10% or
30%) of the rated short-circuit current that is in many cases far from the real need. The values of time t3
corresponding to these TLF currents are recalculated, and are represented as function of Ur and
transformer-limited fault current in Table 2 and Table 3.
Table 2 gives the corresponding TRVs for circuit breakers with rated voltages higher than 1 kV and less
than 100 kV.
Table 3 gives the corresponding TRV parameters for circuit breakers rated 100 kV and above. The other
related parameters [time to peak t3, time delay td, and rate-of-rise of recovery voltage (RRRV)] can be
deduced per Annex A.
Annex A shows the determination of the equation that gives t3 as function of Ur and the rated short-circuit
current for circuit breakers rated 1 kV and above.
1
The numbers in brackets correspond to those of the bibliography in Annex C.
8
Annex B shows the transformer-fed fault current data for voltage ranges 115–765 kV collected through
survey.
Tables are consistent as they are all based on the same relation between t3, Ur and the fault current. The
ratings were suggested by the working group and are purely based on the transformer impedance data
collected for voltages 115 kV to 765 kV from different utilities. The TRVs for currents more than or equal
to 60% of rated short-circuit current remain the same as for general purpose circuit breakers. Circuit
breakers not identified by the manufacturer as “definite purpose for fast transient recovery voltage rise
times” shall be understood to be “general purpose circuit breakers,” meeting the IEEE C37.06 standard
TRV requirements.
9
Contents
1. Overview .................................................................................................................................................. 11
1.1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................. 11
1.2 Purpose .............................................................................................................................................. 11
2. Normative references................................................................................................................................ 11
3. Definitions ................................................................................................................................................ 12
4. Rated TLF breaking currents for circuit breakers ..................................................................................... 12
5. Transformer limited fault TRV................................................................................................................. 13
6. TLF breaking current testing .................................................................................................................... 18
Annex A (informative) Calculation of TRV parameters as a function of rated maximum voltage (Ur) and
transformer-limited fault (TLF) test breaking current for circuit breakers of rated voltages higher than 1 kV
...................................................................................................................................................................... 19
Annex B (informative) Transformer-fed fault current ranges collected through survey based on transformer
size, transformer impedance, circuit breaker rated voltage, and rated current ............................................. 21
Annex C (informative) Bibliography............................................................................................................ 24
10
1. Overview
1.1 Scope
This recommended practice is issued as a supplement to IEEE Std C37.06 for high-voltage circuit breaker
applications where the transient recovery voltage (TRV) peak is higher and/or its rise to the crest value
occurs more rapidly than those specified in IEEE Std C37.06.
1.2 Purpose
The purpose of this document is to introduce transformer-limited faults, similar to that established by IEEE
Std C37.016 [B5], and specifically to provide preferred values for standard ratings of fast transient referred
to as transformer-limited fault recovery voltage rise times and to introduce a transformer-limited fault
(TLF) breaking current. 2
2. Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document (i.e., they must
be understood and used, so each referenced document is cited in text and its relationship to this document is
explained). For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of
the referenced document (including any amendments or corrigenda) applies.
2
The numbers in brackets correspond to those of the bibliography in Annex C.
11
IEEE Std C37.06.1-2017
IEEE Recommended Practice for Preferred Ratings for High-Voltage (>1000 volts) AC Circuit Breakers Designed Definite
Purpose for Fast Transient Recovery Voltage Rise Times
IEEE Std C37.04™, IEEE Standard Rating Structure for AC High-Voltage Circuit Breakers. 3, 4
IEEE Std C37.06™, IEEE Standard for AC High-Voltage Circuit Breakers Rated on a Symmetrical Current
Basis—Preferred Ratings and Related Required Capabilities for Voltages Above 1000 V. 5
3. Definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. The IEEE Standards
Dictionary Online should be consulted for terms not defined in this clause. 6 For service conditions,
definitions, interpretation of ratings, tests, and qualifying terms, see IEEE Std C37.04, IEEE Std C37.09
[B3], and IEEE Std C37.011 [B4].
R10 series: A series of preferred numbers 1.0–1.25–1.6–2.0–2.5–3.15–4.0–5.0–6.3–8.0 and their products

by powers of 10 as defined in IEC 60059. For example: 10–12.5–16–20–25–31.5–40–50–63. The
designations of the series begin with “R” and the series are called “Renard Series”.
transformer-limited fault (TLF): A fault fed by or limited by a transformer directly connected to the
interrupting device without transmission lines or cables connected in parallel with the transformer.
transformer-limited fault breaking current: The highest fault current that the circuit breaker is capable
of breaking in a circuit having a power-frequency recovery voltage corresponding to the rated maximum
voltage of the circuit breaker and having a TRV parameters better than or equal to the rated values
assigned.
4. Rated TLF breaking currents for circuit breakers

The transformer-limited fault current is not simply a percentage of short circuit current (Isc) of circuit
breaker; however it does depend on the transformer short-circuit power. It is unreasonable to require it to
be in all cases a TLF current equal to 30% of the rated short-circuit current as previously thought. Hence a
rated TLF current rating is introduced in Table 1. This way the current specified would correspond to the
actual need (Annex B) in service instead of a fixed percentage (10% or 30%) of the rated short-circuit
current that is in many cases far from the real need.
Table 1 —Rated TLF breaking currents for circuit breakersa

Rated maximum voltage Rated TLF
Line Ur breaking currentb
No. kV, rms kA, rms
Col 1 Col 2
1 4.76 10
2 8.25 12.5
3 15.5 12.5
4 27 8
5 38 12.5
Table continues
3
IEEE publications are available from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 445 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08854,
USA (http://standards.ieee.org/).
4
The IEEE standards or products referred to in Clause 2 are trademarks owned by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers,
Incorporated.
5
The ratings and related information in IEEE Std C37.06 will be incorporated in IEEE Std C37.04, presently under revision. When the
revision of IEEE Std C37.04 is complete and IEEE Std C37.06 made obsolete, any reference to IEEE Std C37.06 in this document
shall be interpreted as a reference to IEEE Std C37.04.
6
IEEE Standards Dictionary Online is available at: http://dictionary.ieee.org.
12
IEEE Std C37.06.1-2017
Rated maximum voltage Rated TLF

Line Ur breaking currentb
No. kV, rms kA, rms
Col 1 Col 2
6 48.3 12.5
7 72.5 12.5
8 123 6.3/12.5/20
9 145 12.5/20/25
10 170 12.5/20/25
11 245 16/20/25
12 362 12.5/16/20c
13 550 12.5/16/20c
14 800 12.5/16/20c
a
The rated TLF breaking current based on Annex B is normally in a range between 20%
and 40% of the rated short-circuit current.
b
For ≥123 kV, the manufacturer can assign only one rated TLF breaking current rating
based on the circuit breaker capability.
c
The rated TLF breaking current should not be limited to the extreme values (16 kA and
20 kA) for circuit breakers rated ≥362 kV, as it is known from CIGRE studies that
applications exists where lower values are sufficient e.g., 12.5 kA. In the majority of
cases it has been found that the TLF current is less than 11 kA and it is not relevant to
link the TLF current to 30% of the rated short-circuit current for all circuit breakers (e.g.,
63 kA).
5. Transformer limited fault TRV

The rate of rise of transient recovery voltage (TRV) is influenced by the transformer capacitance and
capacitance between the transformer and the circuit breaker. A high-frequency TRV condition may occur
when there is a fault with a short-circuit current fed by a transformer without any appreciable capacitance
between the transformer and the circuit breaker. In usual cases TLF is covered by terminal fault test duties
T10 and T30. However, in some cases of TLF the rate-of-rise of recovery voltage (RRRV) exceeds the
values specified in the standards for terminal faults. This is due to the fact that the surge capacitance of
transformers is relatively small (e.g., 3000−6000 pF for 550 kV and 800 kV applications). 7 The
corresponding natural frequency of the transformer results in a TRV having a rate-of-rise that is two or
three times the value for a terminal fault. TLF currents vary in a wide range and they depend on the short-
circuit power of the transformer.
As explained in IEEE Std C37.011 [B4], in such cases the user has the following options:
 Specify a fast TRV for TLF with values taken from this recommended practice.
 Specify a TRV calculated for the actual application taking into account the natural frequency of the
transformer, and depending on the knowledge of system parameters, additional capacitances may
be present in the substation between the circuit breaker and the transformer (sum of stray
capacitance, busbar, CVT etc.).
 Add a properly sized capacitor between the transformer and the circuit breaker to reduce RRRV to
acceptable value.
TLF is generally not a concern in applying to GIS circuit breakers due to the inherent high value of the
capacitance between the circuit breaker and the transformer.
The fault current supplied by, or limited by, a transformer directly connected to the interrupting device
without transmission lines or cables connected in parallel with the transformer is shown in Figure 1 and
Figure 2.
7
Annex B of IEEE Std C37.011-2011 [B4].
13
IEEE Std C37.06.1-2017
Figure 1 —Transformer secondary fault current
Figure 2 —Transformer-fed fault current
The preferred values for the TRV parameters for transformer-limited faults are given in Table 2 and
Table 3.
14
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3URVSHFWLYH759SDUDPHWHUV
7UDQVIRUPHUOLPLWHGIDXOWGXW\7/) 7UDQVIRUPHUOLPLWHGIDXOWGXW\7/)
Rate of rise Rate of rise
Rated 7/)WHVW 7/)WHVW
759SHDN 7LPH RIUHFRYHU 759SHDN 7LPH RIUHFRYHU\
PD[LPXP EUHDNLQJ 7LPH EUHDNLQJ 7LPH
/LQH YDOXH delay YROWDJH YDOXH delay YROWDJH
YROWDJH currenta t3 currenta t3
No. uc td RRRV uc td RRRV
Ur I7/) μs I7/) μs
kV μs uc/t3 kV μs uc/t3
N9UPV N$UPV N$UPV
kV/μs kV/μs
Col 1 Col 2 Col 3 Col 4 Col 5 Col 6 Col 7 Col 8 Col 9 Col 10 Col 11
5 4
2 4 2.3 5 2.5
3 4 3.4 3.4
4 2.5 53.6

5 4 2.2
IEEE Std C37.06.1-2017
6 4 2.5

4 2.4
a
7KHFDOFXODWHG7/)WHVWEUHDNLQJFXUUHQWLVURXQGHGWRWKHFORVHVW5VHULHVQXPEHU
3XUSRVHIRU)DVW7UDQVLHQW5HFRYHU\9ROWDJH5LVH7LPHV
IEEE Recommended Practice for Preferred Ratings for High-Voltage (>1000 volts) AC Circuit %UHDNHUV'HVLJQDWHG'HILQLWH
7DEOH²3URVSHFWLYH759SDUDPHWHUVIRUWUDQVIRUPHUOLPLWHGIDXOWGXW\7/)DQG7/)IRURXWGRRUFLUFXLWEUHDNHUVUDWHGN9a
3URVSHFWLYH759SDUDPHWHUVE
7/)WHVW 7LPH Rate of rise of 7/)WHVW 7LPH Rate of rise of
5DWHGPD[LPXP 759SHDN 759SHDN
EUHDNLQJ 7LPH delay UHFRYHU\YROWDJH EUHDNLQJ 7LPH delay UHFRYHU\YROWDJH
/LQH YROWDJH YDOXH YDOXH
currentc t3 td RRRV currentc t3 td RRRV
No. Ur uc uc
I7/) μs μs uc/t3 I7/) μs μs uc/t3
N9UPV kV kV
N$UPV kV/μs N$UPV kV/μs
2 244 5 6.3 24 4
2 4 244 26 4 3
3 6.3 244 24 4 3
4 4 4 224 23 3
5 6.3 26 4 224 3
6 25 4 25 224 3
4 5 262 24 4
6.3 4 262 22 3

4 25 262 3
245 5 35 5 4
245 6.3 34 5 4
IEEE Std C37.06.1-2017
245 32 5 25 25 4

362 4 45 36 5
362 5 43 6 34 5
362 6.3 6 32 5
4 56 44

5 53 42 6
6.3 6
4 53
Table continues
7DEOH²3URVSHFWLYH759SDUDPHWHUVIRUWUDQVIRUPHUOLPLWHGIDXOWGXW\7/)DQG TLF2 for outdoor circuit breakers rated ≥100 kVa
(continued)
3URVSHFWLYH759SDUDPHWHUVE
7/)WHVW 7LPH Rate of rise of 7/)WHVW 7LPH Rate of rise of
5DWHGPD[LPXP 759SHDN 759SHDN
EUHDNLQJ 7LPH delay UHFRYHU\YROWDJH EUHDNLQJ 7LPH delay UHFRYHU\YROWDJH
/LQH YROWDJH YDOXH YDOXH
currentc t3 td RRRV currentc t3 td RRRV
No. Ur uc uc
I7/) μs μs uc/t3 I7/) μs μs uc/t3
N9UPV kV kV
N$UPV kV/μs N$UPV kV/μs
5 64
6.3 22.6 22.3
NOTE—8VXDOO\DWYROWDJHOHYHOVRIN9DQGDERYHWKHWUDQVIRUPHUZLQGLQJVDUH<FRQQHFWHGDQGWKHQHXWUDOLVVROLGO\HDUWKHGRUHDUWKHGWKURXJKDUHDFWRUWROLPLWWKHVLQJOH
phase fault current to that of three-phase faults. In either case the X/XUDWLR&RQVHTXHQWO\WKH¿UVWSROHWRFOHDUIDFWRUkppIRU7/)ZLOOEHDERXW7KHVWDQGDUGL]HG
¿UVWSROHWRFOHDURIFRYHUWKHFRQGLWLRQVREVHUYHGLQVHUYLFH,QFDVHVZKHUHWUDQVIRUPHUKDYH+9GHOWDRUWUDQVIRUPHUQHXWUDOVDUHLVRODWHGIURPHDUWKRUFRQQHFWHGE\3HWHUVHQ
coils (resonance earthing), kppKDVWREHVSHFL¿HGDV
a
8VXDOO\DWYROWDJHOHYHOVRIN9DQGDERYHWKHWUDQVIRUPHUZLQGLQJVDUH<FRQQHFWHGDQGWKHQHXWUDOLVVROLGO\HDUWKHGRUHDUWKHGWKURXJKDUHDFWRUWROLPLWWKHVLQJOHSKDVHIDXOW

current to that of three-phase faults. In either case, the X/XUDWLR&RQVHTXHQWO\WKH¿UVWSROHWRFOHDUIDFWRUkppIRU7/)ZLOOEHDERXW7KHVWDQGDUGL]HG¿UVWSROHWRFOHDURI
FRYHUWKHFRQGLWLRQVREVHUYHGLQVHUYLFH,QFDVHVZKHUHWUDQVIRUPHUQHXWUDOVDUHLVRODWHGIURPHDUWKRUFRQQHFWHGE\3HWHUVHQFRLOVUHVRQDQFHHDUWKLQJkppKDVWREHVSHFL¿HGDV

b
kpp IRUN9IRUN9
IEEE Std C37.06.1-2017
c
7KHFDOFXODWHG7/)WHVWEUHDNLQJFXUUHQWLVURXQGHGWRWKHFORVHVW5VHULHVQXPEHU

IEEE Std C37.06.1-2017
6. TLF breaking current testing

The test-duties TLF1 and TLF2 are specified in Table 2 and Table 3 respectively at the R10 series number
closest to 30% and 100% of the rated TLF breaking current specified in Table 1. Two test duties are
required to demonstrate the TLF breaking current capability. Test duty TLF2 is performed with rated TLF
breaking current from Table 1 and TLF1 is performed at 30% of rated TLF breaking current. The TRV
should be as given in Table 2 for circuit breakers with rated maximum voltage below 100 kV and Table 3
for circuit breakers with rated voltage 100 kV and higher. Both test duties consist of three single-phase
breaking operations at minimum pressure for interruption (where applicable). They should demonstrate the
interrupting window of arcing times (minimum, maximum and intermediate, arcing times) with a dc
component of less than 20%.
As a higher rated TLF breaking current is associated with a more severe TRV (higher RRRV), tests
performed for a given rated TLF breaking current also demonstrate the interrupting capability of lower
rated current. The concern of possible critical currents is covered by the fact that a TLF1 test duty is
performed with a low current.
18
IEEE Std C37.06.1-2017
Annex A
(informative)
Calculation of TRV parameters as a function of rated maximum voltage

(Ur) and transformer-limited fault (TLF) test breaking current for circuit
breakers of rated voltages higher than 1 kV
The two-parameter method is used in Table 2 and Table 3 to represent the transient recovery voltage
(TRV). The symbols used in this recommended practice are as follows and are essentially those in IEEE
Std C37.06 and are also used in IEEE Std C37.04.
Ur = rated maximum voltage measured in kV rms

kpp = first pole to clear factor
kaf = amplitude factor
kvd = voltage drop across the transformer
uc = TRV peak in kV
t3 = time to reach uc in µs
RRRV = rate-of-rise of recovery voltage in kV/µs
td = time delay in µs
ITLF = TLF test breaking current in kA rms
The TRV is defined by the following equations:
kpp  kaf  k vd  U r 2
uc 
3
3.18  U r
t3  (see NOTE)
I TLF0.21
RRRV  uc t3
td  0.15  t3
For TLF1 kpp  1.5  for  362 kV  , 1.3  for  550 kV  kaf  1.8 k vd  0.9
For TLF2 kpp  1.5  for  362 kV  , 1.3  for  550 kV  kaf  1.8 k vd  0.7
NOTE—Tables in ANSI C37.06.1-2000 had to be adapted in order to express the TRV parameters as function of the
rated TLF current. This was done first by finding the equation that expresses time t3 as a function of TLF test breaking
current and rated voltage. This equation was not given in ANSI C37.06.1-2000 and had to be re-calculated using
spreadsheets in order to have the best fit between values of t3 in tables of ANSI C37.06.1-2000 (with 30% of rated
short-circuit current) and those calculated from the equation. It was found that, time t3 when expressed as a function of
rated short-circuit current (Isc) and rated maximum voltage (Ur), is given by the following equation:
19
IEEE Std C37.06.1-2017
4.1× U r
t3 =
ISC0.21
Taking into account that the actual TLF test breaking current (ITLF) in this case is equal to 30% of rated TLF breaking
current, time t3 is then given by the following equation as a function of the TLF test breaking current and rated
maximum voltage.
3.18 × U r
t3 =
I TLF0.21
20
IEEE Std C37.06.1-2017
Annex B
(informative)
Transformer-fed fault current ranges collected through survey based on

transformer size, transformer impedance, circuit breaker rated voltage,
and rated current
The transformer-limited fault current is not a percentage of short-circuit current (Isc); however, it does
depend on the transformer short-circuit power. The transformer-fed fault current is calculated based on the
actual transformer data such as high voltage, low voltage, percent (%) short circuit impedance, and MVA
rating from participating electric utilities in the USA. As a result, the fault current specified would
correspond to the actual need in service instead of a fixed percentage (10% or 30%) of the rated short-
circuit current that is in many cases far from the real need. The following formula is used to calculate the
transformer-fed fault current on the HV side, which is summarized in Figure B.1 to Figure B.5.
MVA
Fault Current through a transformer in kA 
Zpu  kV  ph  ph   3
Figure B.1—765 kV transformers (39 samples)
21
IEEE Std C37.06.1-2017
Figure B.3—335−445 kV transformers (66 samples)
22
IEEE Std C37.06.1-2017
Figure B.4—230 kV transformers—other winding rated 115 kV to 765 kV (390 samples)
23
IEEE Std C37.06.1-2017
Annex C
(informative)
Bibliography
Bibliographical references are resources that provide additional or helpful material but do not need to be
understood or used to implement this standard. Reference to these resources is made for informational use
only.
[B1] CIGRE Technical Brochure 362, “Technical Requirements for Substation Equipment Exceeding
800 kV AC,” CIGRE WG A3.22, December 2008. 8
[B2] CIGRE Technical Brochure 456, “Background of Technical Specifications for Substation Equipment
Exceeding 800 kV AC,” CIGRE WG A3.22, April 2011.
[B3] IEEE Std C37.09™, IEEE Standard Test Procedure for AC High-Voltage Circuit Breakers Rated on
a Symmetrical Current Basis.
[B4] IEEE Std C37.011™, IEEE Guide for the Application of Transient Recovery Voltage for AC High-
Voltage Circuit Breakers.
[B5] IEEE Std C37.016™, IEEE Standard for AC High-Voltage Circuit Switchers rated 15.5 kV through
245 kV.
8
CIGRE publications are available from the Council on Large Electric Systems (http://www.e-cigre.org/).
24
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IEEE Recommended Practice for

Preferred Ratings for High-Voltage

IEEE Power and Energy Society

IEEE IEEE Std C37.06.1™-2017

IEEE Recommended Practice for

Approved 6 December 2017

IEEE-SA Standards Board

The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.

Copyright © 2018 by The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.

PDF: ISBN 978-1-5044-4581-8 STD22933

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Notice and Disclaimer of Liability Concerning the Use of IEEE Standards

Secretary, IEEE-SA Standards Board

Laws and regulations

Sushil Shinde, Chair

Roy Alexander Lucas Collette Daniel Schiffbauer

Roy Alexander Werner Hoelzl Reynaldo Ramos

Jean-Philippe Faure, Chair

Chuck Adams Thomas Koshy Robby Robson

4. Rated TLF breaking currents for circuit breakers ..................................................................................... 12

5. Transformer limited fault TRV................................................................................................................. 13

6. TLF breaking current testing .................................................................................................................... 18

Annex C (informative) Bibliography............................................................................................................ 24

R10 series: A series of preferred numbers 1.0–1.25–1.6–2.0–2.5–3.15–4.0–5.0–6.3–8.0 and their products

4. Rated TLF breaking currents for circuit breakers

Table 1 —Rated TLF breaking currents for circuit breakersa

Rated maximum voltage Rated TLF

5. Transformer limited fault TRV

Figure 1 —Transformer secondary fault current

Figure 2 —Transformer-fed fault current

2  4    2.3   5  2.5

3  4    3.4     3.4

4  2.5 53.6        

6  4   2.5      

Copyright © 2018 IEEE. All rights reserved.

 245   32 5  25  25 4 

Copyright © 2018 IEEE. All rights reserved.

  4  56     44  

Copyright © 2018 IEEE. All rights reserved.

6. TLF breaking current testing

Calculation of TRV parameters as a function of rated maximum voltage

Ur = rated maximum voltage measured in kV rms

The TRV is defined by the following equations:

Transformer-fed fault current ranges collected through survey based on

Figure B.1—765 kV transformers (39 samples)

Figure B.2—500 kV transformers (49 samples)

Figure B.3—335−445 kV transformers (66 samples)

Figure B.4—230 kV transformers—other winding rated 115 kV to 765 kV (390 samples)

Figure B.5—115 kV transformers (335 samples)

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3 4 3.4 3.4

4 2.5 53.6

6 4 2.5

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