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    Capillarity: Mawarni Saputri (8176176009) Pend - Fisika Pascasarjana B2

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    Capillarity refers to the phenomenon where a liquid rises above its level in a narrow tube due to adhesive and cohesive forces; when water is placed in a glass tube it rises due to stronger adhesive forces between water and glass overcoming cohesive forces between water molecules, forming a concave meniscus, while mercury forms a convex meniscus as its cohesive forces are stronger. Capillarity is influenced by surface tension, contact angle, density, and radius and has applications like fuel rising in stoves but can also cause damp walls.

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    Capillarity: Mawarni Saputri (8176176009) Pend - Fisika Pascasarjana B2

    Uploaded by

    mawarnisaputri
    46 views4 pages
    Capillarity refers to the phenomenon where a liquid rises above its level in a narrow tube due to adhesive and cohesive forces; when water is placed in a glass tube it rises due to stronger adhesive forces between water and glass overcoming cohesive forces between water molecules, forming a concave meniscus, while mercury forms a convex meniscus as its cohesive forces are stronger. Capillarity is influenced by surface tension, contact angle, density, and radius and has applications like fuel rising in stoves but can also cause damp walls.

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    CAPILLARITY

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    Capillarity refers to the phenomenon where a liquid rises above its level in a narrow tube due to adhesive and cohesive forces; when water is placed in a glass tube it rises due to stronger adhesive forces between water and glass overcoming cohesive forces between water molecules, forming a concave meniscus, while mercury forms a convex meniscus as its cohesive forces are stronger. Capillarity is influenced by surface tension, contact angle, density, and radius and has applications like fuel rising in stoves but can also cause damp walls.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    46 views4 pages

    Capillarity: Mawarni Saputri (8176176009) Pend - Fisika Pascasarjana B2

    Uploaded by

    mawarnisaputri
    Capillarity refers to the phenomenon where a liquid rises above its level in a narrow tube due to adhesive and cohesive forces; when water is placed in a glass tube it rises due to stronger adhesive forces between water and glass overcoming cohesive forces between water molecules, forming a concave meniscus, while mercury forms a convex meniscus as its cohesive forces are stronger. Capillarity is influenced by surface tension, contact angle, density, and radius and has applications like fuel rising in stoves but can also cause damp walls.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 4

    Mawarni Saputri (8176176009)

    Pend.Fisika Pascasarjana B2

    CAPILLARITY

    Capillarity symptoms can be observed in a capillary pipe that is partially dipped into
    water. The water in the capillary pipe will rise above the water surface in the water container
    as shown in the following figure. The water surface in the pipe forms a concave meniscus
    with angle between 0° to 90°.

    The phenomenon occurs because the adhesion force between water and glass is
    greater than the cohesion force between water molecules. In the case, it’s stated that water
    wetting the glass surface. If capillary pipe is lifted from the water container there will be a
    sticky water on the glass surface, or the pipe is wetted by water.

    Figure 1. Capillary rise of water in s small tube

    Figure 2. Shape of water or mercury meniscus in glass


    Mawarni Saputri (8176176009)
    Pend.Fisika Pascasarjana B2

    CAPILLARITY

    Capillarity symptoms can be observed in a capillary pipe that is partially dipped into
    water. The water in the capillary pipe will rise above the water surface in the water container
    as shown in the following figure. The water surface in the pipe forms a concave meniscus
    with angle between 0° to 90°.
    The phenomenon occurs because the adhesion force between water and glass is
    greater than the cohesion force between water molecules. In the case, it’s stated that water
    wetting the glass surface. If capillary pipe is lifted from the water container there will be a
    sticky water on the glass surface, or the pipe is wetted by water.

    Figure 1. Capillary rise of water in s small tube

    When the mercury is dipped into the capillary pipe, then the mercury will forms a
    convex meniscus, this is because the cohesion force between the particles of mercury is
    greater than adhesion force of the mercury particle with the capillary pipe particles. Thus
    capillarity is a phenomenon of rising or falling liquid in a capillary pipe that is partially
    dipped into the liquid due to the influence of adhesion and cohesion.

    Figure 2. Shape of water or mercury meniscus in glass


    Mawarni Saputri (8176176009)
    Pend.Fisika Pascasarjana B2

    The length of the rising or falling of the liquid may be expressed as follows.
    2 γ cos θ
    Y = ρgr

    Where:

    h : rising or falling fluid in pipe (m)


    γ : surface tension (N/m)
    θ : contact angle (°)
    ρ : density of fluid (kg/m3)
    r : radius of pipe (m)

    Capillarity symptoms are widely used in everyday life. For example, the rising of
    kerosene through the axis of the stove, the water sucking by the plants (the rising of water
    from the roots to the leaves through the wooden vessels in the stem) and the event of
    suctioning water by suction paper or cloth. Besides benefiting the symptoms of capillarity
    there is also a disadvantage for example when it rains, the water will creep up through the
    pores of the wall so it becomes damp. Walls are moist because of the symptoms of capillarity.
    Mawarni Saputri (8176176009)
    Pend.Fisika Pascasarjana B2

    1. Explain what is the capillarity?


    2. Why the capillarity can occurs?
    3. Is the capillarity phenomenon in the water and mercury are same? Explain it !
    4. What the difference of adhesion force and cohesion force?
    5. What happen if the capillary pipe is lifted from the water container ?
    6. How about angle are formed on the concave meniscus in water surface?
    7. Mention the advantages of capillarity !

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