AC MACHINES (TRANSFORMER) REVIEW PROBLEMS

1. The 2300 volt primary winding of a 60 cycle transformer has 4800 turns. Calculate
the mutual flux.
A. 1.8 x105 maxwells C. 1.28 x105 maxwells
B. 1.08 x105 maxwells D. 1.18 x105 maxwells

2. A transformer having a 360 turn primary winding takes 150 W in power and 1.4 A
in current at an input voltage of 230 volts. Determine the no-load power factor.
A. 0.606 C. 0.466
B. 0.866 D. 0.528

3. A 100-kVA, 60-Hz, 2200-V/220-V transformer is designed to operate at a

maximum flux density of 1 T and an induced voltage of 15 volts per turn.
Determine the number of turns of the primary & secondary winding.
A. 432 & 43 turns C. 236 & 24 turns
B. 147 & 15 turns D. 128 & 13 turns

4. A 25 Hz, 120/30 volts, 500VA transformer is to be used on a 60Hz source. If the

flux remain unchanged, determine the maximum permissible load and primary
voltage.
A. 500 kVA & 120 V C. 500 kVA & 288 V
B. 1200 kVA & 288 V D. 1200 kVA & 120 V

5. A transformer has a primary winding of 2000 turns and of 2400 volts and current
0f 8.66-j5 amp with an impedance Z2 across the secondary winding. If the
secondary winding has 500 turns, what is the value of secondary current?
A. 34.64-j20A C. 34.64+j20 A
B. 20-j34.64A D. 20+j34.64 A

6. An ideal transformer has a voltage rating of 2400/240 volts, a 50 A load is

connected to the low voltage winding. This load must have exactly 200 volts
across it. With 2400 volts applied to the high voltage winding, what resistance
must be added in series with the transformer, it located in the high voltage
winding?
A. 80  C. 50 
B. 30  D. 60 

7. A transformer has primary and secondary turns of 120 and 240 respectively. If the
120 turn winding has a +2.5 % tap, calculate the primary voltage applied to 97.5
percent of the winding that will permit the rated output voltage of 480 Volts ?
A. 492 Volts C. 468 Volts
B. 117 Volts D. 234 Volts

8. Short circuit test is performed on a 10 kva, 2400/240 volt transformer gave the
following readings: Vsc=76.8 volt; Isc=4.17 amp and Psc= 181 watts. Determine
the Primary winding resistance. Assume Rp=Rs-p.
A. 5.2 ohms C.7.6 ohms
B. 15.2 ohms D. 10.4 ohms

9. The following information is given in connection with test performed on a 50 kVA,

4600/230 volts 60Hz. Transformer:
Short Circuit test: Esc= 150 volts Psc= 615 watts Isc=10.87 amperes
What is the percent resistance & percent impedance?
 A. 1.26 & 3.62 C. 1.16 & 3.58
B. 1.23 & 3.26 D. 1.32 & 5.8

10. A 5 kVA transformer has the nominal voltage rating of 1100/110 volts. With the
low voltage winding short circuited, it is found by experiment that 33 volts is
required to circulate rated full load current and the corresponding power input is
85 watts. Find the percent regulation when the load takes rated current at a power
factor of 80% lagging.
A. 2.85% C. 3.9%
B. 2.18% D. 2.7%

11. A 2300/230 volt, 10 kVA transformer has the following constants: 1 percent
resistance, 10 percent reactance. Determine the voltage regulation of the
transformer at full load 0.8 power factor leading.
A. -4.8% C. -6.9%
B. – 3.8% D. -5.9%

12. Which of the following given below is the eddy current loss not proportional to?
A. square of the thickness C. square of the frequency
B. square of the load current D. square of the flux density

13. A small single phase transformer has 10.2 watts no-load loss. The core has a
volume of 750 cu cm. The maximum flux density is 10,000 gauss and the
hysteresis constant of the core is 5 x 10 -4. Using the Steinmetz law, determine the
eddy current loss.
A. 4.55 Watts C. 5.55 Watts
B. 3.55 Watts D. 2.55 Watts

14. A certain transformer has a core loss of 100 watts at 30 Hz and core loss of 300
watts at 60 Hz. What is the hysteresis loss at 60 Hz?
A. 100 C. 200
B. 150 D. 250

15. The eddy current loss in a 2300 volts 60Hz transformer is 280 watts. What is the
eddy current loss at 2400 volts 50 Hz source?
A. 280 Watts C. 305 Watts
B. 300 Watts D. 257 Watts

16. The hysteresis loss in a 6,600 volts, 60 Hz transformer is 480 Watts. What will be
the loss when the transformer is connected to a 6,900 Volts, 40 Hz source ?
A. 558 Watts C. 520 Watts
B. 657 Watts D. 417 Watts

17. A 4400 volts 60 Hz transformer has a core loss of 840 watts, of which one third of
which is eddy current loss. Determine the core loss when the transformer is
connected to 4600 volt 50 Hz supply.
A. 904 W C. 1066 W
B. 907 W D. 977 W

18. A 50 kVA, 5000/500 V, 50 Hz, 1-phase transformer has the high voltage winding
with a resistance of 8 ohms and a low voltage winding resistance of 0.06 ohm.
The no load losses of the transformer is 1000 watts. Calculate the efficiency of
the transformer, if the output drops to 80% of the rated value at 80% power factor
lagging.
A. 90.20% C. 92.35%
B. 91.05% D. 94.39%
19. A 75 kVA, 230/115 volts, 60Hz transformer was tested with the following results.
Short Circuit Test: 9.5V, 326A, 1200W and Open Circuit Test: 115V, 16.3A,
750W. Determine the maximum efficiency at which it occurs.
A. 97.27% C. 96.85%
B. 98.65% D. 97.53%

20. The resistance of a 500 kVA, 11000/2300 volts 60 Hz transformer are

respectively 0.8 and 0.04 ohm for high and low voltage sides. The iron loss is
3,000 watts. This transformer is loaded daily as follows: 2 hrs at full load, 3 hrs at
three quarter load, and 6 hrs at one-quarter full load. Calculate the all day
efficiency.
A. 94.7 C. 97.1
B. 95.7 D. 98.7

21. A 20 kVA load is to be supplied at 500 volts. An ideal step up auto-transformer is

used to connect this load to a 400 volt source. Find the current in the common
winding.
A. 10A C. 50A
B. 20A D. 40A

22. A transformer when it is operated as a conventional two winding transformer is

rated 10 MVA, 12/1.2 kV, 60 Hz. Under these conditions, its series resistance and
reactance are given as 2% and 7% pu respectively. This transformer is to be used
as 13.2/12 kV step-down autotransformer in a power distribution system. What is
the transformer’s series impedance in pu in the autotransformer connection?
A. 0.0017 + j0.0058 C. 0.0020 + j0.0070
B. 0.0022 + j0.0078 D. 0.0018 + j0.0064

23. A two winding transformer is rate 60 kVA, 240/1200 V, 60 Hz. When operated as
a conventional two winding transformer at rated load, 0.8 pf lagging, its efficiency
is 96%. This transformer is to be used as a 1440/1200 volts step down
autotransformer, find the new efficiency at full load 0.8 pf.
A. 99.31% C. 98.9%
B. 97.8% D. 96.8%

24. A 1500 kVA , 3% impedance transformer is to be operated in parallel with a 1250

kVA, 3% impedance transformer, the total load is 2500 kVA, What kVA load
carried by each?
A. 750 & 1750 C. 1200 & 1300
B. 1363 & 1137 D. 909 & 1591

25. Two (2)–100 kVA,1 transformers are connected open-delta, calculate the
maximum kVA of a 3-phase balanced load without overloading any of the
transformers.
A. 200 C. 300
B. 150 D. 173

26. Three single phase, 10 kVA transformer connected delta-delta supply a balanced
3-phase wye-connected load of 26 kVA. One transformer is removed for repair.
Find the kVA load of each remaining transformers.
A. 15 C. 30
B. 25 D. 35

27. A 2000 kW, 2400 volt, 75 percent power factor load is to be supplied from a
34500 V, 3 phase line through a single bank of transformers. Give the primary
and secondary voltages in volts of the transformer for wye-wye connection.
A. 20000/1380 C. 18000/1300
 B.18500/13500 D. 19000/1350

28. A 75 kVA, 13.2 kV/240 V delta-wye distribution transformer has a resistance of

1% pu and reactance of 8% pu. What is the transformer’s phase impedance
referred to the high voltage side?
A. 69.70 + j557.57 ohms C. 71.09 + j558.72 ohms
B. 67.95 + j543.63 ohms D. 70.58 + j564.54 ohms

29. A 750 hp, 2400 V, 3-phase motor of 90 percent power factor and 95 percent
efficiency is to be operated from a 13.2 kV utility service through a wye-delta
connected transformer bank. What is the KVA rating of each transformers?
A. 218 C.175
B. 250 D. 150

30. In a Scott-connection, calculate the line current in Amperes on the 3 side if the
load on the 2 side both draws 5000 A at 100 Volt and the 3 line voltage is
3,300 Volt, Neglect transformer loss.
A. 195 A C. 152 A
B. 175 A D. 140 A