10

ENGLISH
Quarter 4 – Module 1:
Technical Terms Used in Research

Department of Education
2 - MIMAROPA Region
English – Grade 10
Quarter 4- Module 1: Technical Terms Used in Research
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education

Regional Director: Dr. Benjamin D. Paragas, CESO IV
Assistant Regional Director: Atty. Suzette Gannaban-Medina
Chief, CLMD: Mariflor B. Musa

Development Team of the Module

Author: Wendyl Fabriguer

Editors: Ma. Jennifer Y. Imatong, Romel S. Madia, Christian Rae G. Meca,
John Joelson M. Mortel
Reviewers: Leopoldo M. Mago Jr., Lucin F. Fruelda, Ruben R. Dela Vega,
Ma. Mia B. Muros, Madelita Lucido
Illustrators: Louie J. Cortez, Alexander P. Abeleda, Maria Angela L. Moral, Stephanie M. Maisa
Layout Artist: Romel S. Madia
Management Team:

BENJAMIN D. PARAGAS, CESO V ATTY. SUZETTE T. GANNABAN-MEDINA

Director IV Chief Administrator Officer
Regional Director OIC, Office of the Assistant Regional Director

MARIFLOR B. MUSA MARIA LUISA D. SERVANDO, Ph. D., CESO VI RUFINO B. FOZ MELCHOR M. FAMORCAN, Ph.D.
Chief CLMD SDS - ROMBLON ASDS - ROMBLON CID Chief

ARDEE DC. RAMILO EDNA C. OABEL LUCIN F. FRUELDA RUBEN R. DELA VEGA
Chief, Finance Division EPS-English Division EPS LRMDS Supervisor

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Office Address: Department of Education, MIMAROPA Region – (CLMD)

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Telefax: (02) 631-4070 (02) 637-3093
E-mail Address: [email protected]

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Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is focused on distinguishing

technical terms used in research. This competency is one of the Most
Essential Learning Competencies (MELCs) in Grade 10 English.
This learning material is patterned on the Instructional Design of
Bloom’s Taxonomy where learning activities are aligned with the identified
objectives and sequenced according to their level of difficulty. More
importantly, this module considers the learner’s needs, interests, and
abilities.
You need to ensure that the learner clearly understands the lesson or
concepts discussed in this module. You are also expected to guide him/her
as a Learning Buddy to answer the activities or in accomplishing the different
learning tasks thereby enabling him/her to master the mentioned
competency.

For the learner:

This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is specially made to enhance your

attitude, knowledge, and skills vis-à-vis the identified learning
competency. Through this module, you will engage in fun and interesting
learning activities and answer varied exercises and accomplish tasks to help
you gain mastery of the target competency. This will enable you to effectively
use the English language in listening, speaking, reading, and writing
processes. The learning activities are appropriately selected and carefully
crafted according to your needs, interests, and abilities.
To successfully achieve the objectives of this module, kindly do the
following:
● Read and follow the instructions in all the learning activities and
exercises very carefully;
● Answer honestly all the learning activities and exercises;
● Write your answers neatly and legibly in your subject notebook
or on a separate sheet of paper; and
● Seek guidance from your parents, guardians, or subject teacher
if you encounter difficulty in accomplishing the learning
activities.

Working on each learning activity in this module will surely enable you
to learn certain aspects of the target language in enjoyable and meaningful
ways. So, take good care of this module and have fun while learning!

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 Here are the standard symbols used to represent some part of this
module. Study the different icons that will guide your way in reaching your
goals.

What I need to know - This gives you direction or goal you

need to meet.

What I know - This part serves as a review of your past

lessons.

What’s In - This starts your engagement with the activities

that will start up and motivate you.

What’s New - This portion of the module introduces new

lessons.

What is it - This part presents activities based on the new

lesson.

What’s More - This provides series of activities that will help

you enrich and master the lesson.

What I Have Learned - This is the summary of what you

have learned in this module.

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 What I Need to Know
As you go through this lesson, you are expected to:
● Define what research is; and
● Distinguish technical terms used in research.

What I Know

Directions: Read and analyze the poem below then answer the questions
that follow.

THE DAWN’S AWAKE 1. What figure of speech is

By Otto Leland Bohanan present in the first
stanza?
The Dawn's awake! a. Simile
A flash of smoldering flame and fire b. Metaphor
Ignites the East. Then, higher, higher, c. Personification
O'er all the sky so gray, forlorn1, d. Onomatopoeia
The torch of gold is borne. 2. The second stanza uses
hyperbole. Which of the
The Dawn's awake! following phrases proves
The dawn of a thousand dreams and of this figure of speech?
thrills. a. Eternal spring
And music singing in the hills b. Dawn’s awake
A paean2 of eternal spring c. New awakening
Voices the new awakening. d. Singing in the hills
3. What sense is appealed to
The Dawn's awake! by the underlined line in
Whispers of pent-up harmonies, the third stanza?
With the mingled fragrance of the trees; a. Smell
Faint snatches of half-forgotten song-- b. Sight
Fathers! torn and numb, -- c. Touch
The boon of light we craved, awaited d. Taste
long, 4. What is the tone of the
Has come, has come! first and second stanza of
the poem?
1. Pitifully sad and abandoned or lonely a. Colorful
2. A song of praise or triumph. b. Sad and lonely
c. Festive yet fearful

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 d. Overwhelmingly bright
and positive

5. The poem above was written by an African American poet during the
Harlem Renaissance (also known as the ‘New Negro Movement’).
Knowing this, how can you interpret the “Dawn’ beyond its literal
meaning? What might the ‘Dawn’ represent?
a. Festivity of American culture
b. The gloomy and dark days of White Americans in the hands of the
Africans
c. Freedom of the African Americans after a hundred years of slavery
d. The success of the influences of American Culture

Lesson Distinguishing Technical Terms Used in Research

We live in an era where almost everything is not fixed. Almost

everything changes over time---from the way people dress themselves to
the way they live; from the way they communicate to the way they raise
their standard of living; from the way people provide solutions to their
problems and to the way they adapt and discover new possibilities.
Indeed, change is the only thing proven to be constant.

As we take forward steps into the different aspects of our life, we

can tell that the society has taken risks to different developments in
technology, science, politics, education, sports, and many more. This
development was made possible because of research. Hence, research
propels humanity forward. In this lesson, you will discover the basic
technical terms in research.

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 What’s In

Directions: Using a dictionary, give the meaning of the following

words. Then, write what you can associate with the terms by
answering the question. Be guided by the given example.

READ 1 PRESENT 2 EXPLAIN

Definition: interpret the Definition: ____________ Definition: ____________

characters or symbols _______________________ _______________________
What do you usually What do you usually present? What do you usually explain?
read? ______________________ ______________________
a story, a novel, a text
3 EVALUATE 4 PROVIDE 5 SUMMARIZE

Definition: ____________ Definition: ____________ Definition: ____________

_______________________ _______________________
_______________________
What do you usually evaluate? What do you usually provide? What do you usually
______________________ ______________________ summarize?
______________________

6 INVESTIGATE 7 ASK 8 COLLECT

Definition: ____________ Definition: ____________ Definition: ____________
_______________________ _______________________ _______________________
What do you usually
investigate? What do you usually ask? What do you usually collect?
______________________ ______________________ ______________________

What’s New

Research is an organized and systematic gathering of data to answer a

question, prove a certain point, establish a fact, or reach a
new conclusion. It is systematic because it follows a certain
procedure or process to get the most accurate results. As you
do a research paper, you should be aware of the following
terms:
Abstract is a brief summary of a research project and its findings.
It summarizes important aspects of the study such as the
problem, the methods used, relevance, and the findings

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 and conclusions of the study. An abstract should not
exceed 200 words and should be concise. It helps the
reader understands and grasps the whole study without
reading the whole paper.
Introduction presents some basic background information about
the study such as the nature of the problem being solved,
the aim of the study, relevance scope, and focus of the
research paper.
Review of Related Literature provides a review of what others
have written or researched concerning the topic. It tackles
about other studies related to the topic being discussed.
It presents related information from books, journals,
scholarly articles, encyclopedias, and other sources
relevant to a particular area of research. This information
should be properly cited to acknowledge the original
source or author of the article. It is important that the
researcher should have read several related articles and
visited a number of credible sources of information to
make himself largely aware of the topic or problem being
studied.
Methodology explains how the research was conducted. These may
include the methods, techniques, and instruments used
in a research experiment. It allows the reader to assess
the study’s validity and reliability. Mainly, it answers two
questions: How was the data generated or gathered? How
was it analyzed?
Discussion presents the information gathered through the research
process. It is considered one of the most important parts
of the research paper because it interprets and describes
the findings of the study and its significance. It tries to
develop answers to the problem posed in the first part of
the paper. It is where the researcher tries to engage in
creative thinking about the problem through the evidence-
based interpretation of the findings. This is where the
infusion of results with meaning is being taken.
Result is a statement that explains what is shown by analysis of
the data collected; includes tables and graphs when
appropriate.
Conclusion is a brief summary of how the results of an experiment
support or contradict a hypothesis. This section should be
stated clearly and should cover the summary of what has
been achieved. It can also provide possible implications

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 and applications of the results presented in the paper.
Reference corresponds to the list of books, papers, articles, and
other bibliographic elements that have been used
throughout the paper. This paper follows the American
Psychological Association (APA) format of citing the
sources.
Respondent refers to the person who responds to a survey
questionnaire and provides information for analysis.

What Is It
HORIZONTAL
Activity 1
Directions: Accomplish the puzzle below. 1. It explains how the
8 research was conducted.
R 5. It provides the
7 R N T summary of the research.
F It explains what is shown by
E 2 analysis of the data collected
1 R C
7. It refers to the person
M E T H O D O L O G Y
who responds to a
survey questionnaire
N N and provides
C C 4 information for analysis.
9 R E S U L T R 6
9. It evaluates the results of
U E L the study or research.
3 D I S C U S S I O N
I E T VERTICAL
O A E 2. It tells whether the
N R R hypothesis be accepted or
C A rejected.
H T
4. It is a systematic
U
investigation to contribute
5 A B S T R A C T to an existing body of
E knowledge.
6. It provides a review of
what others have written
or researched on
concerning the topic.

8. It lists all the

sources used in the
research.
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Activity 2

Directions: Shade the LIKE BUTTON if the statement is TRUE, and the
UNLIKE BUTTON if it is FALSE.

Creative writing can Review of Related

Research helps The methodology be used as an Literature discusses
much to the tells how the approach to results of the
advancement of research was interpret a research experiments
human life. conducted result conducted.

1 2 3 4
It is important that The researcher The acceptance or
the researcher must must assess the rejection of the The Abstract
identify first the credibility of the hypothesis depends presents charts with
problem before sources of upon the result of interpretation.
gathering information before the research
information about using them. process.
it.

5 6 7 8
A researcher can The researcher
choose any should acknowledge
respondent that the authors of the
he/she wanted. articles he read
related to the topic.

9 10
9

What’s More

Activity 1
Direction: What particular source of information do you think you can use
to do the following? Accomplish the chart by writing your answers
in the provided space. Be guided by the given example.

Possible answers: Different related literature, books,

READ encyclopedias, and other sources of information
EVALUATE
PROVIDE
SUMMARIZE
INVESTIGATE
ASK
COLLECT

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Activity 2
Directions: Accomplish the chart below by providing specific information you
can find in the following parts of a research paper. You can write
more than one item in each part.

Abstract:
Introduction:
Review of Related
Literature:
Methodology:
Discussion:
Conclusion:
Reference:

What I Have Learned

Research is considered one of the key things significant to the

advancement in many aspects of the society be it in education,
politics, medicine, technology, and many more. It is defined as the
systematic gathering of data in order to answer a question, prove a
certain point, establish a fact, or reach a new conclusion. It is
systematic because it follows a certain procedure or process in order
to get the most accurate results.

Research usually aims to answer a particular question or provide a

solution to an existing problem but is not embedded in it. We should
acknowledge research for the development of new medicines and
technologies and to the noble discoveries of bodies of knowledge
about life and beyond it that raised the standards of living of many.
As scholars engage themselves in research, some terms are
introduced.

An abstract is a brief summary of a research project and its findings

and is written in not more than 200 words. It aids the reader to
understand the topic being studied without reading the whole
research paper.

An introduction gives a background information about the topic

being studied while the Review of Related Literature discusses
some resources of what others have written and researched on
about the topic. It is important that the researcher has read a
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 considerable amount of resources to give himself a broader and
deeper idea about it. Besides, all his resources and ideas should
properly be cited in the paper. The methodology discusses how the
study was conducted. The interpretation of the data gathered is
written in the discussion. It is considered one of the most important
parts as it tries to answer a lot of questions by considering every
available data gathered from the different procedures taken. A
conclusion is a brief summary of how the results of an experiment
support or contradict a hypothesis. The acceptance or rejection of
the hypothesis stated in the initial parts of the research paper
depends on the results of the experiments and procedures taken.
The reference lists all the materials and resources used by the
researcher in the study.

Research is a process as it follows a systematic and organized

procedures. It is indeed relevant as it helps to the advancement not
just of human life but every aspect of life on earth.

What I Can Do
Directions: Look for a research paper available at home or on the
internet. Study its parts and accomplish the chart below by
answering the questions. Write your answers on the space
provided.
QUESTIONS ANSWERS
1. What is the title of the research study?
2. What is the problem or question
solved?
3. Who are the respondents?
4. How many are the respondents?
5. How are the respondents selected?
6. How did the researcher/s gather the
data?
7. How did the researcher/s analyze the
data?
8. What are the sources used by the
researcher/s as s/he/they gather
related data?
9. What books, articles, encyclopedias,
journals were used by the
researcher/s?
10. What are the researcher’s findings?

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 What I Can Do On My Own

Activity 1
Directions: Read and understand the following questions. Encircle the letter
of your answer.

1. The following statements are true about research EXCEPT ONE.

Which is the EXCEPTION?
a. Research leads to new discoveries in many aspects of human life.
b. Research aims to give solutions to the problems in human life.
c. Research is disadvantaged to the extinction of human life.
d. With the help of research, development in different aspects of
the society continue to propel.

2. Which of the following cases prove that a research is systematic?

a. Jen identified first the problem before gathering data about it
then she constructed a hypothesis before doing the actual
experiment.
b. Ryan concluded that the use of gadgets is dangerous to the eyes
just after observing his cousin.
c. Martha established her conclusion even without enough data
gathered from her experiment.
d. All of the above.

3. Which of the following statements best differentiates an

introduction from a conclusion?
a. An introduction presents some background information about
the study while the conclusion provides a summary of the
results.
b. A conclusion presents some background information about the
study while the introduction provides a summary of the results.
c. An introduction provides the procedures while the conclusion
contains the relevance of the study.
d. An introduction provides the bibliographical information from
other resources while the conclusion contains the relevance of
the study.

4. What is meant by APA?

a. American Physiological Association
b. American Psychological Association
c. Annual Property Acknowledgement
d. Atomic Property of America

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 5. The following information can be found in the abstract EXCEPT
__________.
a. Problem being solved
b. Relevance of the study
c. Major findings of the study
d. Name of the authors of the references used

Activity 2
Directions: Match the descriptions in column A with the research terms in
column B. Write only the letter of your answer before each number.

A B

_____ 1. It lists all the credible related resources

used by the researcher as he gathered A. Appendix
data.
_____ 2. It provides a review of other related works
and articles. B. Literature Review

_____ 3. It explains how the data were gathered

and analyzed. C. Introduction

_____ 4. It presents the information gathered

through the research. D. Research

_____ 5. It evaluates the results of the study or

research. E. Abstract

_____ 6. It provides a summary of the research

study. F. Conclusion

_____ 7. It presents background information,

scope, and focus of the research paper. G. Results

_____ 8. It is a systematic gathering of data in

order to solve a problem, prove a body of H. Reference
knowledge or establish a new concept.
_____ 9. It summarizes all sections and helps
readers decide whether or not to read the I. Discussion
entire report.
_____ 10. It contains other related information
such as graphs, charts, tables, lists. J. Methodology

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 What I Can Do More
Directions: From the puzzle below, locate other technical terms you may
encounter in doing research. Look for and write their meanings after finding
them.

B A S H R Q U E S T I O N N A I R E A
S D I W Y R T Y U I O P A S D F G V R
S M N E R P Z X C V B G N M P R U A A
A N T S T G O Y U I O R B N O E I L C
D B E A U H U T G H D A T A P S O I E
T V R R S R O N H N M P T R U A E D V
H C V A R D V J M E U H Y A L D S I A
E D I C R T H E U I S A X C A U T T R
O E E E A Y U Y Y K L I U E T I O Y I
R A W C C F I N D I N G S G I J U G A
Y S G H E I U O F G S E D M O U T H B
E E F E S A E X P E R I M E N T C I L
S R B H U I O N H J K O A A E R O U E
D I C O L L E C T I O N I N S A M O P
V U B H J K L M I O L P Y U I C E X F
Z T C V I N S T R U M E N T X E S T G

TECHNICAL DEFINITION
TERMS
1. Survey
2. Questionnaire
3. Validity
4. Instrument
5. Theory
6. Data
7. Population
8. Variable
9. Experiment
10. Findings
11. Graph
12. Hypothesis
13. Interview
14. mean
15. outcome
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 Answer Key

What I know

C
A
A
D
B

What Is It

I.
Methodology II.
Conclusion Like
Discussion Like
Research Unlike
Abstract Unlike
Literature Like
Respondent Like
References Like
Result Unlike
Unlike
Like

What’s more know

FUNCTION WORD POSSIBLE ANSWERS

● Credibility of the sources of information
EVALUATE ● The result of the study based from the data
gathered or experiment taken
● Enough information
PROVIDE
● Basis to the conclusion
● Information to be written in the abstract
SUMMARIZE ● Readings to be included in the literature
review
● About possible approaches and solutions to
INVESTIGATE
the problem by reading enough resources
● Questions
ASK
● Information to the expert
● Data
COLLECT
● information
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What I have learned

TECHNICAL PART
INFORMATION AVAILABLE IN IT
OF REASEARCH
● Summary of the most important aspects of the
study such as problem, methods used,
ABSTRACT
relevance of the study, major findings, and
conclusion.
● Background information about the topic being
INTRODUCTION
studied
LITERATURE
● Information from other available resources
REVIEW
● Methods, techniques and instruments used in
METHODOLOGY the gathering and collection of data
● Number of respondents
● Findings
DISCUSSION ● Interpretation of quantitative or qualitative
data
● Analysis of data gathered
CONCLUSSION
● Major findings
● List of books, journals, articles and other
REFERENCE
resources used in the study

What I can do on my own

I.
C
A
A
B
D

II.
H
B
J
I
G
F
C
D
E
A

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What I Can Do More

B A S H R Q U E S T I O N N A I R E A
S D I W Y R T Y U I O P A S D F G V R
S M N E R P Z X C V B G N M P R U A A
A N T S T G O Y U I O R B N O E I L C
D B E A U H U T G H D A T A P S O I E
T V R R S R O N H N M P T R U A E D V
H C V A R D V J M E U H Y A L D S I A
E D I C R T H E U I S A X C A U T T R
O E E E A Y U Y Y K L I U E T I O Y I
R A W C C F I N D I N G S G I J U G A
Y S G H E I U O F G S E D M O U T H B
E E F E S A E X P E R I M E N T C I L
S R B H U I O N H J K O A A E R O U E
D I C O L L E C T I O N I N S A M O P
V U B H J K L M I O L P Y U I C E X F
Z T C V I N S T R U M E N T X E S T G

19
References

Celebrating Diversity through World Literature. (2015). Department of

Education.

Importance of Research in Our Society. (n.d.). Retrieved July 15, 2020, from
Cayuse: https://cayuse.com/blog/importance-of-research-in-our-
society/

Literature Review. (2020, April 6). Retrieved July 15, 2020, from Andrus
Library: https://guides.library.bloomu.edu/litreview

Organizing Academic Research papers: The Discussion. (n.d.). Retrieved July

15, 2020, from Sacred Heart University Library:
https://library.sacredheart.edu/c.php?g=29803&p=185933

Research Support: Research Methodology. (2020, February 24). Retrieved

July 15, 2020, from LibGuides:
https://libguides.wits.ac.za/c.php?g=693518&p=4914913

20
 PRETEST

ENGLISH 10- TECHNICAL TERMS IN RESEARCH

Directions: Read and understand the following questions. Choose your answer form
the given choices.

1. Which of the following best defines a research?

a. It is an investigation of a certain unusual phenomenon.
b. It is a collection of data from printed resources to prove a body of
knowledge.
c. It involves planning, collecting, and rereading of available
resources.
d. It is a systematic gathering of data, investigation, and study of
materials and sources in order to establish facts and reach new
conclusions.

2. Which of the following is NOT an advantage of research to human

life?
a. It leads to better understanding of things around us.
b. It poses grave threat to the way people live.
c. It leads to discoveries of bigger bodies of knowledge.
d. It is one of the key agents in the development of human life.

3. What do you call the person who responds to a survey

questionnaire and provides information for analysis?
a. Interviewee
b. Respondent
c. Population
d. Sample

4. Which of the following refers to the brief summary of a research

project and its findings?
a. Abstract
a. Introduction
b. Methodology
c. Conclusion

5. Which of the following provides a review of what others have

written or researched on concerning the topic?
a. Abstract
b. Introduction
c. Conclusion
d. Review of related literature

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ANSWER KEY:
1. D
2. B
3. B
4. A
5. D

22
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education, MIMAROPA Region – (CLMD)

Meralco Avenue, corner St. Paul Road, Pasig City

Telephone Nos.: (02) 631-40-70; (02) 637-3093

Email Address: [email protected]