6

Mathematics
Quarter 3 – Module 5:
Expressions and Equations
Mathematics – Grade 6
Quarter 3 – Module 6: Translating Real-Life Verbal Expressions and Equations into
Letters of Symbols or Vice Versa (M6AL-IIIe-16)
First Edition, 2020

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Office Address: DepEd Davao City Division, Elpidio Quirino Ave., Davao City
Telefax: 224-3274
E-mail Address: [email protected]
 6
Mathematics
Quarter 3 – Module 5:
Expressions and Equations

ii
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to
use this module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress
while allowing them to manage their own learning at home.
Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as
they do the tasks included in the module.

For the learner:

As a learner, you must learn to become responsible of your own
learning. Take time to read, understand, and perform the different
activities in the module.
As you go through the different activities of this module be
reminded of the following:
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any
part of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the
exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer Let Us Try before moving on to the other
activities.
3. Read the instructions carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking
your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are done.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this
module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always
bear in mind that you are not alone. We hope that through this material,
you will experience meaningful learning and gain deep understanding
of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

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Lesson 1

Let Us Learn

Hello dear leaners! May you have an amazing adventure

learning your modules. You are now on the Third Quarter and
more exciting learning activities await you. You have already
learned in your previous lesson the basic skill of mathematical
operation that will help you develop your competency.

In this lesson, you will have fun as you explore the world of
Algebra. Your knowledge on skip counting and other number
patterns will serve as guide to easily formulate the rule in finding
the nth term using different strategies(looking for patterns, guessing
and checking, working backward) e.g. 4, 7, 13, 16. . .n(the nth term
is 3n + 1).(M6AL-IIId-7)
This topic will surely give you a fruitful and fun-filled
experience. Enjoy and have fun while learning at home.

Let Us Try

Direction: Read each item carefully then, write the letter of your
answer.

1. What is the best nth rule to find the nth term in the sequence
1, 2, 3, 4 . . . .’?
a. n + 1 b. n x 1 c. n – 1 d. 2n

2. Which is the correct nth rule for 2, 5, 8, 11, _ _ _?

a. 2n + 1 b. 2n -1 c. 3n + 1 d. 3n - 1

3. Which of the following nth rule will correctly answer this

sequence 2, 4, 6, 8, _ _ _?
a. 2 + n b. 2n c. 2n – 2 d. 4n - 2

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 Let Us Study

Sequence is a set of numbers written in a special order by the

application of a definite rule. Each number in the sequence is
called a term. To look for some patterns or rules will help us to
continue a given sequence of numbers, figures or to fill in the
missing numbers or symbols.

Study and examine each example, rule and pattern below.

Please take note and consider the following letters on what it
stands for. n for term, s for sequence, i for interval or difference of
each term in the sequence.

Example 1: 2, 3, 4, 5, _ _ _

n 1 2 3 4 9. Write the number of terms.

s 2 3 4 5 8. Write the sequence.

+1 +1 +1 7. Get the interval or

difference between terms.

2–1=1 6. Since 1 is the interval so

you have n.

5. Subtract the interval with

the first term.

So, the rule for this sequence n + 1

Check:

N + 1 = 1 + 1 = 2
N + 1 = 2 + 1 = 3
N + 1 = 3 + 1 = 4
N + 1 = 4 + 1 = 5
N + 1 = 5 + 1 = 6
N + 1 = 6 + 1 = 7
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 2, 7, 12, 17, _ _ _
Example 2:

n 1 2 3 4 5. Write the number of terms.

s 2 7 12 17 4. Write the sequence.

+5 +5 +5 3. Get the interval or

difference between terms.

2. Since 5 is the interval so

2 – 5 = -3 you have 5n.

1. Subtract the interval with

the first term.

So, the rule for this sequence 5n – 3

Check:

5n – 3 = 5(1) – 3 = 5–3=2 5n – 3 = 5(5) – 3 = 25 – 3 = 22

5n – 3 = 5(2) – 3 = 10 – 3 = 7 5n – 3 = 5(6) – 3 = 30 – 3 = 27
5n – 3 = 5(3) – 3 = 15 – 3 = 12 5n – 3 = 5(7) – 3 = 35 – 3 = 32
5n – 3 = 5(4) – 3 = 20 – 3 = 17

2, 4, 6, 8, _ _ _
Example 3:
n 1 2 3 4 4. Write the number of terms.

s 2 4 6 8 3. Write the sequence.

+2 +2 +2 2. Get the interval or

difference between terms.

1. Since 5 is the interval so

2–2=0 you have 5n.
4. Subtract the interval with
the first term.

So, the rule for this sequence 2n since the interval is 2 and the
difference is 0.

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Check:

2n = 2(1) = 2 2n = 2(5) = 10
2n = 2(2) = 4 2n = 2(6) = 12
2n = 2(3) = 6 2n = 2(7) = 17
2n = 2(4) = 8

Example 4: 1, 4, 9, 16, __ __ __
n 1 2 3 4 1.Write the number of terms.

s 1 4 9 16 2. Write the sequence.

+3 +5 +7 3.Get the interval or difference

between terms.
+2 +2 4. Since the interval is not yet
establish, continue subtracting.

So, the rule for this sequence n² since the interval is 2 and you
have subtracted twice to get the interval.

Check:

n² = 1² = 1 x 1 =1 n² = n² = 5 x 5 = 25
n² = 2² = 2 x 2 =4 n² = n² = 6 x 6 = 36
n² = 3² = 3 x 3 =9 n² = n² = 7 x 7 = 49
n² = 4² = 4 x 4 =16

Let Us Practice

Direction: Write the letter of the correct nth rule of each

sequence.

1. 3, 5, 7, 9, _ _ _ a. 2n+1 b. 2n-1 c. 2n d. n²

2. 10, 17, 24, _ _ a. 7n+3 b. 7n-3 c. 7n d. n"

3. 1, 8, 27, _ _ a. 3n+1 b. 3n-1 c. 3n d. n³

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 Let Us Practice More

Direction: Match the sequence with the correct nth rule. Write
the letter only.
Column A Column B

1. 2, 5, 8, 11, _ _ _ A. n+1
2. 1, 16, 81, _ _ _ B. 3n-1
3. 6, 12, 18, 24, _ _ _ C. 6n
4. 5, 12, 19, 26, _ _ _ D. 7n-2
5. 10, 11, 12, _ _ _ E. n$

Let Us Remember

Sequence is a set of numbers written in a special order by

the application of a definite rule. Each number in the sequence is
called a term. To look for some patterns or rules will help us to
continue a given sequence of numbers, figures or to fill in the
missing numbers or symbols.

To formulate a formula in finding the nth term, you need to

look for the pattern. First, write the number of terms, then write
also the sequence. Find the pattern by adding or subtracting to
find the interval or difference in the sequence. Subtract then the
first term in the sequence and the interval. Determine the nth rule
using the interval and the difference between the first term of the
sequence and the interval.

Let Us Assess

Direction: Formulate the nth rule of the following

sequence of number.
1. 16, 21, 26, _ _ _
2. 1, 32, 243, _ _ _
3. 12, 24, 36, _ _ _
4. 35, 36, 37, _ _ _
5. 7, 14, 21, 28, _ _ _

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 Let Us Enhance

Direction: Give the nth rule in the following sequence of number.

1. 8, 15, 22, _ _ _
2. 1, 5, 25, 75, _ _ _

Let Us Reflect

Basic mathematical skills are important in your everyday

life. Learning and having mastery to formulate the rule in finding
the nth term using different strategies, this will not only help you
solve problems mechanically, but will definitely help you cope up
with your daily encounters because whether you like it or not, life
is full of challenges that you need to overcome.

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 10
Let Us Assess
1. 5n +11
Let Us Enhance
2. 2⁵
1. 7n+1
3.12n
2. 5ᶯ
4. n+1
5.7n
Let Us Practice
Let Us Practice Let Us Try
More
1. a 1. a
1. b 4.d
2. b 2. c
2. e 5. a
3.d 3.b
3.c
Answer Key
Lesson 2

Let Us Learn

Hello dear leaners! May you have an amazing learning

escapade your modules. You have already learned in your previous
lesson the basic skill of mathematical operation that will help you
develop your competency.

In this lesson, you will have enjoyable as you explore the

world of Algebra. Your knowledge on the finding the nth term
serves as guide to simply differentiate expression from equation.
(M6AL-IIIe-16).
This topic will certainly give you a profitable and fun-filled
skill. Appreciate and have fun while learning at home.

Let Us Try

Direction: Read each item carefully then, write the letter of your
answer.
1. Which of the following is not an expression?
a. n+2=10 b. 3n+6 c. 70-2n d.245+3b
2. Which of the following is an equation?
a. 24+(6-n) b. 5n+10 c. 100+n=150 d. 4b
3. Which of the following is an expression?
a. 50÷(20+5) b. 9+6=z c. 24-6=N d. 18+v=35

Let Us Study

Algebraic expression is a mathematical phrase that uses

variables, numerals and operation symbols such as addition (+),
subtraction (-), multiplication (x), division (÷), and grouping
symbols such as parenthesis, bracket, and braces. On the other
hand algebraic equation is mathematical sentence with an equal
sign which shows that two expressions on either side are equal.

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Study and examine the table below.
Algebraic Expression Algebraic Equation
Word Phrase Translation Mathematical Mathematical
Sentence Translation
The sum of two The sum of two
and seven 2+7 and seven is 2+7=9
nine
Eight subtracted Eight subtracted
from the product from the
of seven and four 7x4-8 product of seven 7x4-8=20
and four is
twenty
A number twice A number twice
the sum of twelve the sum of
N x 12+5 N x 12+5=51
and five twelve and five
is fifty-one
Six times the sum The result of six
of eleven and two times the sum
6x(11+2) 6x(11+2)=n
of eleven and
two is a number
Daniel has some Daniel has some
money. He bought money. He
2 juices a P5 each. bought 2 juices
a P5 each. If he
n-2 x P5 n-2 x P5=P25
has P25 left,
how much
money he had at
first

Let Us Practice

Direction: Tell whether the following is an expression or equation.

1. 25 + (30x10)
2. 6b – (10÷2)
3. 85 + 13 -50 =N
4. 15 x (6+N) =150
5. 250 –(N+50)=100

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 Let Us Practice More

Tell whether the item is an expression or equation.

1. Peter is twice as old as Lina.
2. The sum of two consecutive numbers is 42.
3. Edgar bought 3 kilograms of banana fruits at P35 per kilo.
4. Mariel buys 2 pair of pans for P225 each and 3 blouses for
P185 each. If she gives P1000 to the cashier, how much is
her change?
5. Abegail sold 25 kg of fish at P150 per kilo and 10 kilograms
of chicken at P145 per kilo.

Let Us Remember

Algebraic expression is a mathematical phrase that uses

variables, numerals and operation symbols such as addition (+),
subtraction (-), multiplication (x), division (÷), and grouping
symbols such as parenthesis, bracket, and braces. On the other
hand algebraic equation is mathematical sentence with an equal
sign which shows that two expressions on either side are equal.

Let Us Assess

Direction: Write the letter of the correct answer.

1. Which of the following is an equation?
a. 3c + 24 =30 c. 11 + 5n
b. P25 x 3 d. 25 ÷ (2 +3)

2. Which is NOT an expression

a. 20 – 6 = 14 c. 25 + (10 ÷2)
b. 30 – 18 ÷ 3 d. 40 – 18 + 6 x 2

3. Which of the following is not an expression?

a. The sum of eleven and twenty-four.
b. The product of two and five minus three.
c. Nelson is twice as old as his mother.
d. Two times the sum of eleven and two is twenty-six.

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 4. Which of the following is an equation?
a. The product of six and five is thirty.
b. The sum of seventeen and twelve
c. Aling Marta buys 2 kilograms of rice at P45 per kilo.
d. Pepito is thrice as old as his father

5. Which of the following is an expression?

a. Gina is twice as younger as her mother.
b. Twelve subtracted from the sum of eleven and four is
three.
c. Seven minus the quotient of eight and four is five.
d. Two times the difference of eleven and five is twelve.

Let Us Enhance

Direction: Differentiate the following into expression and

equation.
1. Hilda is three times the age of her mother.
2. Jean has some money. She bought a pair of shoes at P455
and has P545. How much money she had at first?
3. Three T-shirt cost P585. How much is one T-shirt?
4. Mother buys 3 kilograms of rice at P45 per kilo.
Algebraic Expression Algebraic Equation

Let Us Reflect

Basic mathematical skills are crucial and very important in

your everyday life. Learning how differentiate expression from
equation will help you later to solve bigger and more complex
problems. Understanding this basic topic will help you analyze the
day to day challenges in life. This will exercises your mind in
understanding the more complex situations.

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 15
Let us Enhance
.
Algebraic Expression Algebraic Equation
• Hilda is three times the age of • Jean has some money. She
her mother bought a pair of shoes at
• Mother buys 3 kilograms of P455 and has P545. How
rice at P45 per kilo. much money she had at first?
• Three T-shirt cost P585. How
much is one T-shirt?
Let us Assess Let us Practice More Let us Practice
1. Expression Let us Try
1. a 1. Expression
2. a 2. Equation 2. Expression 1.a
3. d 3. Expression 3. Equation 2.c
4. a 4. Equation 4. Equation 3.a
5. a 5. Expression 5. Equation
.
Answer Key
Lesson 3

Let Us Learn

Hello dear leaners! May you have an amazing adventure

learning your modules. You are now on the third week of the Third
Quarter and more exciting learning activities await you. You have
already learned in your previous lesson the basic skill of
mathematical operation that will help you develop your
competency.

In this lesson, you will have fun as you explore the world of
Algebra. Your knowledge on identifying expression and equation
serves as mirror to easily translate real-life verbal expressions and
equations into letters or symbols and vice versa. (M6AL-IIIe-16).
This topic will surely give you a fruitful and fun-filled
experience. Enjoy and have fun while learning at home.

Let Us Try

Direction: Read each item carefully then, write the letter of

your answer.

4. Which of the following translate the expression, “five added to

a number’?
a. 5 + n b. n + 5 c. n – 5 d. 2 x n

5. The sum of eight and five decreased by four is translated into

Mathematical expression as ________.
a. ( 5 – 4 ) + 8 c. ( 8 + 5 ) – 4
b. ( 8 – 5 ) + 4 d. 8 + (5 – 4 )

6. Fifteen divided a number plus two is five. Which of the

following is correctly translated in algebraic equation?
a. 15 + 2 =N c. 15 ÷ 3 + N = 5
b. 15 ÷ N + 2 =5 d. 15 ÷ N + 2 = 7

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 Let Us Study

In translating real-life verbal expressions and equations

into letters or symbols and vice versa, familiarity with words and
phrases associated with symbols or operations and so with
analysis and insights.

Study the table below.

Symbol Key Words/Phrases
addition, plus, the sum of, more than, added to,
+
increased by, the total of
Subtraction, minus, the difference of, less than,
– decreased by, subtracted from, less

X, •, ( ) multiplication, times, the product of, twice, multiplied

by, of

÷,/ division, divided by, the quotient of, the ratio of

= is equal to, equals, is, is the same as

ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSION
Study the table below.
NOTE: Any letter in the alphabet can be used to represent the
unknown.
Translation
Situation/Problem/Phrase Key words (Algebraic
Expression)
more means
a) Jed has some marbles. His add ( + )
friend gives him 5 more m + 5
marbles.

b) Jelo bought 8 packs of gave means

k - 5
candies.He gave 3 packs to minus ( - )
Jabbi.

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c) Mother baked 18 cookies. She gave equally w÷3
gave them equally to her 3 means divide( ÷ )
children.
Double means
d) Jaci weighed 15 kilos last year. multiply by 2(x ) 2 x 15
His weight this year is doubled.
Difference
e) The difference of nine and five means minus( -) (9–5)+
added by 12. Added means 12
plus ( + )
Twice means
f) Twice the sum of three and multiply(x) 2x(3+4)
four Sum means
plus ( + )

B. ALGEBRAIC EQUATION
Study the table below.
NOTE: Any letter in the alphabet can be used to represent the
unknown.
Translation
Situation/Problem Key words (Algebraic
Equation)

a. Six added by four is what added means

number? 6+4=m
plus ( + )

b. Jelo bought 8 packs of gave means

8–k=5
candies.He gave some packs to minus
Jabbi and had 5 packs left. (-)

c. Mother baked some cookies. gave equally w÷3=6

She gave them equally to her 3 means divide ( ÷
children.Each of them received )
6 cookies.

d. Ronessa 11 years while Cathy twice means 2 x 11 = c

is twice as old as Ronessa. multiply by 2(x )
How old is Cathy?

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 Quotient means
e. The quotient of twelve and divide ( ÷ ) (7 – 5) + (12
three added to the difference of Difference ÷ 3) = b
seven and five is what means minus(- )
number? Added means
plus ( + )
Twice means
f. Twice the sum of a number multiply (x) 2x(n+4)
and two is twenty. Sum means = 20
plus ( + )

Let Us Practice

A. Express the following real-life situation/phrase into

algebraic expression or algebraic equation. (Note: You may
use any letter in the alphabet to represent the unknown)
Real-life Situation/Problem/Phrase Translation
1. Five more than a number
2. Twice the difference of nine and three
3. Mother baked some cookies. She kept 10
cookies and distributed the rest equally to 4
children. Each child received 3 cookies.

Let Us Practice More

Direction: Read each item carefully then write the letter of your
answer.

1. Which of the following translates the expression, two

decreased by a number?
a. 2 – w b. w + 2 c. w – 2 d. 2 ÷ w

2. The quotient of fifteen and three added to a number gives nine

is translated into Mathematical equation as ________.
a. n + ( 15 ÷ 3 ) = 9 c. ( n + 15 ) ÷ 3 = 9
b. ( 15 ÷ 3 ) + n = 9 d. ( 15 + 3 ) ÷ n = 9

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For # 3-4: Leo is m years old. Jed is twice as old as Leo. Their
total ageis 21.

3. How old is Jed in terms of m?

a. 2 + m b. 2 – m c. 2m d. 2 ÷ m

4. How is the algebraic equation written?

a. 2m = 21 c. 21 - m = 2
b. 2 + m = 21 d. 2m + m = 21

5. Which of the following best translates the given algebraic

equation 2y – 16 = 8 into real-life situation?
a. Mother bought 2 dozens of eggs. She used 16 eggs to make
leche flan. She had 8 eggs left.
b. Jaci had 2 boxes of chocolates. Each box had y bars of
chocolates. He shared 16 bars to his friends and had 8 bars
of chocolates left.
c. Jeanelle is 16 years old now. Eight years ago, she was y
years old.
d. Andrea has P16. She bought 2 candies at y pesos each. She
had P8 left.

Let Us Remember

To translate real-life verbal expressions and equations into

letters or symbols, always remember to familiarize the words and
phrases associated with symbols or operations are important.

The symbol ( + ) is being associated with addition, plus,

the sum of, more than, added to, increased by, and the total of.
For the symbol ( - ), it means subtraction, minus, the difference of,
less than, decreased by, subtracted from, and less. The symbols
X, •, ( ) mean multiplication, times, the product of, twice,
multiplied by, and of. While the symbols ÷ and / associated with
division, divided by, the quotient of, the ratio of and the symbol =
means is equal to, equals, is, is the same as.

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 Let Us Assess

Direction: Read each item carefully then write the letter of

your answer.

1. Which of the following translate the expression, three more

than a number?
a. 3 + n b. n =3 c. 3 x n d. n - 3

2. Jaci is p years old. Leo is two years older than Jaci. How old is
Leo in terms of p?
a. p + p b. 2p c. p + 2 d.2p + p

3. The sum of a number and three decreased by four gives five is

translated into Mathematical equation as ________.
a. ( n + 3 ) ÷ 4 = 5 c. 3n – 4 = 5
b. n + ( 3 – 4 ) = 5 d. ( n + 3 ) – 4 = 5

4. Which of the following best translates the equation x– (3+4)=5

into a real-life situation?
a. Jaci had some marbles. Jabi gave him 3 red marbles and 4
blue marbles. He gave 5 marbles away.
b. Leo had some marbles. He gave 3 marbles to Renz and 4
marbles to Jelo. He had 5 marbles left.
c. Jed played five mobile games. He lost in the first 3 games
and won the last 4 games.
d. Mother bought some ribbons. She bought 3 meters of red
ribbons and 4 meters of yellow ribbons and 5 meters of blue
ribbons. How many meters of ribbons did she buy in all?

5. Jelo had m marbles. He kept 20 marbles and distributed the

rest equally to his 3 friends. Each of his friend received 4
marbles. What is the algebraic equation?
a. ( m + 20 ) ÷ 3 = 4 c. ( m – 20 ) ÷ 3 = 4
b. m ÷ ( 20 – 3 ) = 4 d. ( m – 20 ) ÷ 4 = 3

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 Let Us Enhance

A. Express the given real-life situation into algebraic equation.

1. Andrea and Angela planted 16 Let z = Andrea’s flower

flowers together. Angela planted 12
flowers. How many flowers did
_____________________
Andrea plant? Write the equation.

Let Us Reflect

Basic Mathematical skills are essential in your everyday life.

Having been able to translate real-life situations to Mathematical
expressions and equations, will not only help you solve word
problems mechanically, but will definitely help you cope up with
your daily encounters because whether you like it or not, life is full
of challenges that you need to overcome.

22
 23
Let Us Assess Let Us Enhance
1. B 1. 16 – 12 = z
2. C
3. D
4. B
5. C
Let’s Practice More
Let Us Practice Let Us Try
1. A 1. B
1. n + 5
2. A 2. C
2. 2 (9 – 3) or (9 – 3) x 2
3. B
3. C 3. ( m – 10 ) ÷ 4 = 3
4. D
5. B
Answer Key
References

Lesson Guide in Elem. Mathematics Grade 6

21st Century MATHletes p. 224 – 23

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For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Region XI Davao City Division

DepEd Davao City, Elpidio Quirino Ave., Davao City

Telefax: 224-3274

Email Address: [email protected]

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