EXERCISE 1.

1
Graph the given inequalities.

1. y>2x

2. y > 4x²

3. 2x + 2 ≤ y

4. x < -2

5. 2x + y ≥ 6
 6. 3x + 4y – 10 >0

EXERCISE 1.2

Graph the solution to the given system of inequalities and find all the
vertices.

1.    x ≥ 0
   y ≤ 3
   y ≥ x

vertices: (0,0), (2,3), (0,3)

2.   x≥0
y≥0
  x + 2y ≤ 10
  2x + y ≤ 8
vertices: (0,0) , (3.5,0), (2,4) , (0,5)

3.    x≥0
  y ≥ 0
  2x + 3y ≤ 15
  3x +   y ≤ 13
Vertices: (0,0), (3.8,0), (3,3), (0,5)

4.   x≥0
   y ≥ 0
   x+y≥6
  0.5x+2y≥13
Vertices: (0,6), (6,0)

EXERCISE 1.3
Solve each linear programming problem using the graphical method and
check your answers using the Excel Solver.

1. Minimize: Z = 8x + 12y

Subject to: 4x + 6y ≥ 14
4x + 5y ≥ 9
4x ≥ 0, 6y ≥ 0

2. Minimize: Z = 6x + 2y

Subject to: 3x + 2y ≥ 24
2x + 2y ≥ 20
  x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0

3. Minimize: Z = -2x - 3y
 Subject to: x + 2y ≥ 2
        x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0

4. Minimize: Z = 4x + 8y

Subject to:   x+y≥2

4x + 6y ≥ 9
          x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0

5. Minimize: Z = 5x + 2y
 Subject to: -x + 2y ≥ 6
    y≥4
        x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0

x y z = 5x + 2y
0 3 0
4 0 -4 minimum

6. Maximize: Z = 30x + 70y

Subject to:   x + 3y ≤ 15
2x + 4y ≤ 22
2x + y ≤ 16        
   x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0
X y z=30x+70y

1 0 15
5
7. Maximize: Z = 30x + 50y
0 5. 5 20. 5
Subject to: 3x + 2y ≤ 240
8 0 12. 5 minimum 
  x + 2y ≤ 384
  x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0

x y Z=30x+50y

80 0 2,400
0 192 9,600 maximum 
8. Maximize: Z = 15x + 12y

Subject to:   x + 2y ≤ 25
2x + 2y ≤ 30
x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0
x y Z=15x+12y

0 12.5 150
1 0 225
5

0 25 300 maximum 

9. Maximize: Z = 6x + 5y

Subject to: 3x + 2y ≤ 12
  x + 2y ≤ 6
          x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0

x y Z=6x+5y

4 2 34 maximum

0 3 15  

10. Maximize: Z = 4x + 10y

Subject to:   x + 2y ≤ 16
    2x + y ≤ 12
   x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0

x y Z=4x+10y

0 8 80

6 0 24 maximum 

EXERCISE 1.4

Solve using the graphical method.

1. A diet meal is to contain at east 7 units of vitamins, 5 units of minerals,

and 11 calories. Two sets of foods are to be purchased for the said meal.
Set A provides 2 units of vitamins, 1 unit of minerals, and 1 calorie. Set B
provides 1 unit of vitamins, 2 units of minerals and 3 units of calories. If set
A costs ₱ 180 per unit and set B costs ₱ 300 per unit, how many units of
each set of foods should be purchased to minimize the cost?

F(x,y) = 180x + 300y

Subject to Constraints: 2x + y ≥ 5               
                                         : x + 2y ≥ 5
                                         : x + 3y ≥ 11
                                         : x ,y ≥ 0
 2x + y ≥ 5  
=2x + y ≥ 5               
 -2x            -2x
= y ≥ -2x + 7
  x + 2y ≥ 5
= x + 2y ≥ 5
- x                -x
=2y2  ≥ -x2 + 52
= y -x2 + 2.5

 x + 3y ≥ 11
= x + 3y ≥ 11
- x                 -x
=3y3  ≥ -x3 + 113
= y ≥ -x3 + 3.67

F(x ,y) = 180x + 300y

             = 180(0) + 300 (7)
             = 2,100

F(x, y) = 180x + 300y

             = 180(1.8) + 300(3)
             = 1,224

F(x, y) = 180x + 300y 

             = 180(12) + 300(0)
             = 2,160
 Therefore, set A should have 1.8 of units and 3 units for set B to obtain
₱1,224
 2. A diet meal is to contain at most 7 units of vitamins and 5 units of minerals. Two
sets of foods are to be sold for the said diet meal. Set A provides 2 units of
vitamins, and 1 unit of minerals. Set B provides 1 unit of vitamins and 2 units of
minerals. If set A costs ₱ 180 per unit and set B costs ₱ 300 per unit, how many
units of each set of foods should be sold to maximize the profit?

F(x, y)= 180x + 300y

 Subject to Constraints= 2x + y ≤ 7
                                          = x + 2y ≤ 5
      2x + y x + 2y = 5
=7

x y x y
0 7 5 0
3.5 0 0 2.5

 2x + y = 7 -------- C1           
 x + 2y = 5---------C2 
2(x + 2y = 5)                    = 2x + y = 7
2x + 4y = 10                     = 2x + 1 = 7
-2x+ y = 7                          = 2x2 = 82
= 3y3 = 33                                x= 4
y= 1
 Maximize 180x + 300y
Point f(x, y)= 180x + 300y
s
(0,0) f(0,0)= 180(0) + 300(0)= 0
(0,3) f(0,3)= 180(0) + 300(3)= 900
(4,1) f(4,1)= 180(4) + 300(1)= 1020
(4,0) f(4,0)= 180(4) + 300(0)= 720

 Therefore, set A should provide 4 units and 1 unit for set B to get the
maximized profit of ₱1020

3. A manufacturer of shoes makes two kinds of shoes: running shoes and

basketball shoes. Cutting machines and sewing machines are use to produce the
shoes. Each type of shoes requires 3 minutes per pair on the cutting machine.
The running shoes require 2 minutes of sewing per pair, the basketball shoes
require 4 minutes of sewing per pair. Only one operator assigned to each
machine and each process is available for only 8 hours per day. If the profit is ₱
1,700 for each pair or running shoes and ₱ 2,000 for each pair of basketball
 shoes, how many pair of each size should be produced so that the profit will be
maximized?

f(x, y)= 1700x + 2000y

Subject to Constraints: 3x + 2y < 8 
                                        : 3x + 4y < 8
                                        : x + y ≥ 0
      3x + 2y = 3x + 4y = 8
8

x y x y
0 4 0 2
2.6 0 2.6 0

Maximize 1700x + 2000y

Points f(x, y)= 1700x + 2000y
(0,0) f(0,0)= 1700(0) + 2000(0)= 0
(0,2) f(0,2)= 1700(0) + 2000(2)= 4000
(2.6,0 f(2.6,0)= 1700(2.6) + 2000(0)= 4420
)

 Consequently, 2.6 pairs of each type should present by the

manufacturer to get the maximized profit ₱4420.
 4. A housing contractor designed two styles of houses, bungalows and 2-story
houses for 100 available lots. The bungalows style requires ₱1.5M capital and
produces a profit of ₱200,000 when sold. If the available capital on hand is
₱180M, how many houses of each type should be built to gain a maximum
profit?

f(x, y)= x + 180y

Subject to Constraints: 1.5x + 2y ≤ 100
                                         : 200,000x + 400,000 ≤ 100

1.5x + 2y 200,000x + 400,000 =100

=100
x y x y
0 50 0 399,900
66.6 0 199,900 0

Maximize x + 180y
Points f(x, y)= x + 180y
 (0,0) f(0,0)= 0 + 180(0)= 0
(0,50) f(0,50)=0 +180(50)= 9000
(66.6,0) f(66.6,0)= 66.6 + 180(0)= 66.6


Thus, 50 houses of each type should be built to gain the maximum profit of
9000.
5. A man needs of 20 unit of vitamin A, 80 units of vitamin B, and 280 units of
vitamin C per week. He can choose between brand X and brand Y tablet, wich
costs ₱10, contains 6 units of vitamin A, 2 units of vitamin B, and 4 units of
vitamin C. A brand Y tablet, which costs ₱14, contains 2 units of vitamin A, 2
units of vitamin B, and 10 units of vitamin C. how many tablets of each kind
should be the man buy to minimize cost?

F(x, y) = 10x + 14y

Subject to Constraints: 6x + 2y ≥ 120
                                        : 2x + 2y ≥ 80
                                         : 4x + 10y ≥ 200
                                        : x, y ≥ 0

6x + 2y ≥  2x + 2y ≥ 4x + 10y ≥ 200
120 80

x y x y x y
0 60 0 40 0 28
20 0 40 0 70 0

 4x + 10y = 200                              =6x + 2(24) = 120

          + 2x + 2y = 80                                 = 2x + 48 = 120
      = 6x + 12y = 360                                = 2x= 120- 48
         -6x + 2y = 120                                   =   2x2 = 722
      = 10y = 240                                          x= 36
           y= 24

Maximize 10x + 14y

Points f(x, y) =10x + 14y
(0,60) f(0,60)= 10(0) + 14(60)= 840
 (36,24 f(36,24)= 10(36) + 14(24)= 696
)
(70,0) f(70,0)= 10(70) + 14(0)= 700

Hence, 70 tablets of each kind should the man buy to get the minimum cost
of 700.

Assignment 
Group work. Follow the Instructions below.

1. Form a Group of 4-5 members and assign a Leader

2. Create a Linear programming problem that your group will solve and present it

to the class.

Problem:
 A farmer requires 1500 units of N, and 600 units of K chemicals for his farm.
A liquid product contains 3, and 1 units of chemical N, and K per litter. A dry
product contains 5 and 3 units of N, and K per pack. If liquid product sells for
₱ 10 per litter and dry product sell for ₱ 20 per pack. How many of each
should be purchased in order to minimize the cost and meet requirement.

Explanation / Solving:
Hence, the farmer should purchase 375 liters of liquid chemical and 75pack of dry
chemical to get the minimum cost and meet the requirement.

3. State the Variables, Constraints, and the value to be Optimize.

Variables : X = liquid product per gallon

Y= dry product per pack

Constrains:
 3x + 5y ≥ 1500
  x + 3y ≥ 600
x≥0,y≥0

value to be optimize: Z = 10x + 20y 

Exercise 2.1

Use the simplex method to solve the following linear programming problems.

1. Minimize: Z = 14x + 20y

Subject to: x + 2y ≥ 40
  x + y ≥ 30
        x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0

x y a b
Transpose
1 2 40 1 1 14
1 1 30 2 1 20
14 20 1 40 30 1

Maximize: 40a + 30b = P

                   = -40a – 30b + P =0
                   : a+ b ≤ 14
                    = a+ b +x = 14
                    : 2a + b ≤ 20 
                    = 2a + b + y = 20

a b x y P
R 1 1 1 0 0 14 141=14
1
R 1 0 1 0 20 202= 10
2
2
R -40 -30 0 0 1 0   
3
= 12 R2            R2
a b x y P
R 1 1 1 0 0 14
1
R 12 0 1 0 10
1
2 2
R -40 -30 0 0 1 0
3

= 40R2+ R3             R3
 
a b x y P
R 0 12 1 - 0 4 412  = 8
1 12

R 1 12 0 12 0 10 1012 = 20
2
R 0 -10 0 20 1 400
3

 = 2R1             R1

a b x y P
R 0 1 2 -1 0 8
1
R 1 12 0 12 0 10
2
R 0 -10 0 20 1 400
3

= 10R1 + R3           R3
a b x y P
R 0 1 2 -1 0 8
1
R 1 12 0 12 0 10
2
 R 0 0 20 10 1 480
3

Answer: 
X=  20
Y=  10
Z=  480

2. Minimize: Z = 20x + 10y

Subject to:   x + y ≥ 12
    y≥6
          x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0

x y a b
Transpose
1 1 12 1 0 20
0 1 6 1 1 10
20 10 1 12 6 1

Maximize: 12a + 6b = P
                 = -12a – 6b + P= 0
                  : a 20
                 = a + x = 20
                  : a + b ≤ 10
                 = a + b +y = 10
   
a b x y P
R 1 0 1 0 0 20 201 = 20
1
R 1 1 0 1 0 10 101= 10
2
R -12 -6 0 0 1 0
3

= -1R2            R2
a b x y P
R 1 0 1 0 0 20
1
R -1 -1 0 -1 0 -10
2
R -12 -6 0 0 1 0
3

= 1R2 + R1             R1
= 12 R2 + R3             R3

a b x y P
R 0 -1 1 -1 0 10 Undefined
1
R -1 -1 0 -1 0 -10 -10-1 = 10
2
R -24 -18 0 -12 1 -120
3

= 1R1          R1
a b x y P
R 0 -1 1 -1 0 10
1
R -1 -1 0 -1 0 -10
2
R -24 -18 0 -12 1 -120
3
  

= 1R2 + R1          R2
= 24R2 + R3             R3
a b x y P
R -1 -2 1 -2 0 0
1
R -1 -1 0 -1 0 -10
2
R -48 -42 0 -36 1 -360
3
  
 Answer: 
X= 0
Y= -36
Z=  -360

3. Maximize: M = x + 6y + 8z

Subject to: 4x + z  ≤  360

2x + 4y ≤ 240
  2x + y ≤ 180
    x,y,z≥0

Maximize : M= x + 6y + 8z= -x -6y + M – 82 = 0 

Subject to Constraints: 4x + 2 ≤ 240 = 4x + a= 358
                                        2x + 4y ≤ 240= 2x + 4y + b = 240
                                        2x + y ≤ 180 = 2x + y + c = 180
                                         x, y, z ≥ 0 
x y z a b c M
R 4 0 0 1 0 0 0 358 undefined
1
R 2 4 0 0 1 0 0 240 60
2
R 2 1 0 0 0 1 0 180 180
3
R -1 -6 0 0 0 0 1 82
4

         
= 14 R2                   R2
       
x y z a b c M
R 4 0 0 1 0 0 0 undefined
1
R 12  1 0 0 14  0 0 60
2
R 2 1 0 0 0 1 0 180
3
R -1 -6 0 0 0 0 1 82
4
 = -1 R2 + R1               R1
= -1R2 + R3              R3
x y = 6R2 + R3 + R4     a      b    R4
Transpose
1 0 x0 y z a b1 0c 0M
0R 1 72 
0 -1 0 1 -14 
0 00 00 undefined
1
R 12  1 0 0 14  0 0 60
2
R 32  0 0 0 -14  1 0 120
3
R 72  0 0 0 54  1 1 562
4

Answer:
X= 72
Y=  0
Z= 0
M=  562

4. Maximize: P = 30x + 25y

Subject to:    x≥0

y≥0
  x + 2y ≤ 6
  2x + y ≤ 6

     Maximize: P= 30x + 25 y = -30x-25y+P=0

Subject to Constraints: x ≥ 0 
                                       y ≥ 0
                                       x + 2y ≤ 6= x + 2y+ a= 6
                                       2x + y ≤ 6= 2x+ y + b = 6
a b x y P
R 1 0 1 0 0 0 0
1
R 0 1 0 1 0 0 0
2
R 0 0 1 2 0 6 6
 3
R 0 0 2 1 0 6 3
4
R 0 0 -30 -25 1 0
5
= 12 R4             R4

a b x y P
R 1 0 1 0 0 0
1
R 0 1 0 1 0 0
2
R 0 0 1 2 0 6
3
R 0 0 1 12  0 3
4
R 0 0 -30 -25 1 0
5

= -1 R4 + R1             R1
= -1R4 + R1 + R2             R2
 = -1R4 + R1+ R2+ R3              R3

a b x y P
R 1 0 0 12 0 6
1
R 1 1 -1 0 0 Undefined
2
R 2 1 -2 1 0 -6
3
R 0 0 12  0 3 6
4
R 0 0 -10 1 90 0
5

          = 2R4                R4  
a b x y P
R1 1 0 0 -12 0 6
R2 1 1 -1 0 0 Undefined
 Subject to: x≥0
y≥0
R3 2 1 -2 1 0     x-6+ y ≤ 20
R4 0 0 2 1 0   x 12
+ 2y ≤ 25

R5 0Maximize:
0 0 -10 P 40x1 + 75 y 90 = P-40x-75y = 0
Subject to Constraints: x ≥ 0
                                       y ≥ 0
                                       x + y ≤ 20 = x + y +a = 20
                                       x + 2y ≤ 25 = x + 2y + b = 25
 
x y a b P
R1 1 1 1 0 0 20 201 = 20
R2 1 2 0 1 0 25 252 = 1212
R3 -40 -75 0 0 1 0

= 12 R2               R2
x y a b P
R1 1 1 1 0 0 20
R2 12  1 0 1 0 12 12
2
R3 -40 -75 0 0 1 0

          = R1               R1 - R2

x y a b P
R 12  0 1 -12  0 152 
1
R 12  1 0 12 0 12 12
2
R -40 -75 0 0 1 0
3

= R3           R3 + 75 R2
 x y a b P
R 12  0 1 -12  0 152 
1
R 12  1 0 12 0 12 12
2
R 0 0 0 752  1 18752 
3

Answer:
X=0
Y=12 12
P= 18752
A= 152
B= 0

6. Maximize: M = x – 2y – 3z

Subject to:  x+y+z≤6

x + 2y + 4z ≥ 12
x – y + z ≥16        
x , y , z ( no restrictions)

Maximize: M= x-2y-3x = M-x+2y+3x =0

Subject to Constraints: x + y + z ≤ 6 = x + y +z +a = 6
                                       x + 2y + 4z ≥ 12 =x + 2y + 4z + b =12
                                       x - y + z  ≥ 2 = x-y + z + c = 2
                                       x,y,z ( no restrictions)
 

x y z a b c M
R1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 6
R2 1 2 4 0 1 0 0 12
R3 1 -1 1 0 0 1 0 2
R4 -1 2 3 0 0 0 1 0
 = -1R3           R3
x y z a b c M
R 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 6
1
R 1 2 4 0 1 0 0 12
2
R -1 1 -1 0 0 -1 0 -2
3
R -1 2 3 0 0 0 1 0
4

= R1          R1- (-1) R3

x y z a b c M
R 0 0 2 1 0 1 0 8
1
R 1 2 4 0 1 0 0 12
2
R -1 1 -1 0 0 -1 0 -2
3
R -1 2 3 0 0 0 1 0
4

= R2          R2- 1 R3 

x y z a b c M
R 0 0 2 1 0 1 0 8
1
R 2 1 5 0 1 1 0 14
2
R -1 1 -1 0 0 -1 0 -2
3
R -1 2 3 0 0 0 1 0
4

= R4           R4 – (-) R3
x y z a b c M
R 0 0 2 1 0 1 0 8
1
R 2 1 5 0 1 1 0 14
2
R -1 1 -1 0 0 -1 0 -2
 3
R 2 3 2 0 0 1 0 2
4
Answers:
X= 0
Y=0
Z=0
A=8
B=14
C=0
M= 2

EXERCISE 2.2

1. A tailor has 11 square yards of silk and 15 square yards of cotton. A suit requires
1 square yard of silk and 1 square yard of cotton. A gown requires 2 yards of silk
and 3 square yards of cotton. If a suit earns a profit of ₱3,000 and a gown earns
a profit of ₱5,000, find the number of suits and gowns that give the maximum
profit. What is the maximum profit?

Let X = 11 Square yard of silk

Let y = 15 square yard of cotton

y x
Silk 1 1 ₱3,000

Cotto 2 3 ₱5,000
n

11x + 15y           = 3,000

11(1) + 15(1) = 3,000
11+15 =3,000
2626 =3,000
  26

= 115 maximum profit

 
26 numbers of profit

      11x + 15y = 5,000

11 (2) + 15 (3) = 5,000
22 + 45     = 5,000
6767 = 5,00067
= 75 maximum profit

67. number maximum of gowns

2. The chicken by-product of a certain pet food has 24 g (grams) of protein and 6 g
of fat per ounce. The pet food also has beef as its by-product which contains 18g
of protein and 27 g of fat per ounce. Each can of pet food must contain at least
90 g of protein and 60g of fat. Graph the solution set for the possible number of
ounces of chicken and beef that can be used in each can to satisfy the minimum
requirements. 

CHICKEN
24g of protein
6g of fat per ounce

90g = 90g24g= 3 34 of Can

60g = 60g6g = 10 can

BEEF 18g of protein

27g of fat per ounce

90g = 90g18g = 5 can 60g 60g27g = 329 of can

3. A shoe company manufactures two types of shoes: sneakers and trainers. Two
machines are used in the process: machine A and machine B. Each type of shoe
requires  14 hour per pair using machine A. sneakers require 16 hour per pair
using machine B, and trainers require 13 hour per pair using the same machine.
Each machine is available for only 4 hours per day. If the profit is ₱825 on each
pair of sneakers and ₱1,100 on each pair of trainers, how many pairs of each
type should be manufactured per day to obtain the maximum profit?
 2 HOURS FOR SNEAKERS

Machine A:
14 Hour = 15 mins.
2 Hours = 120 mins.

2 Hours = 120 mins15 mins = 8 pairs of sneakers

Machine B:
16 Hour = 15 mins.
2 Hours = 120 mins.

2 Hours = 120 mins10 mins. = 12 pairs of sneakers

2 HOURS FOR TRAINERS

Machine A:
14 Hour = 15 mins.
2 Hours = 120 mins.

2 Hours = 120 mins.15 miins. = 8 pairs of trainers

Machine B:
13 Hour = 20 mins.
2 Hours = 120 mins.

2Hours = 120 mins.20 mins. = 6 pairs of trainers

TOTAL:
SNEAKERS TRAINERS
Machine A = 8 pairs Machine A = 8 pairs
Machine B= 12 pairs Machine B = 6 pairs
Total of Pairs = 20 pairs Total of Pairs= 14 pairs

Profit x20 Pairs₱ 825 Profit x14 pairs₱1,100

₱ 16, 500 ₱15,400

 MAXIMUM PROFIT = +₱15,400₱16,500

₱31,900

Assignment

Watch the video clip and complete the statement that follow.

 Linear Programming and its Applications to Sports

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PbHSem3gmqe

1. Three things that I significantly learned from the video clip

Learned significantly on how to schedule teams fairly,  

Second is how to manage the time for scheduling each team.
And third is how to group them equally and fair.

    2. Three things that are still unclear to me.

-The three things that are still unclear to me first is how it is relevant to our topic?
Second is what would be the best scheduling?
And third is the main goal of scheduling?

3. I used to think that

-I used to think that by learning basic scheduling can make a team enjoy playing.

     4. Three questions that I want to ask from the video clip.
-From the video clip that I watched I have three questions in mind first is can
scheduling work all the time?
 Second is does scheduling really important?
Third is how to make a fair scheduling?