Safe Transportation System

A Project Submitted By

Shahin Imran -181472597

Md Tanvir Ahmed - 181472598
Mishu Rahman – 181472616
Mazharul Islam - 181472605
Mahmuda Akter - 181472618

A Project report submitted in

partial fulfillment of the requirements for
the Degree of Bachelor of Computer Science and Engineering.

Under the Supervision

Rakib Hossen
Lecturer
Department of Computer Science and Engineering

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

March 2021

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 DECLARATION
We declare that this project report titled “Safe Transportation System” is the
result of our own research except as cited in the references. This project is the
partial fulfillment of requirement for the degree award as Bachelor of Computer
Science and Engineering during the session of 2018-2022 in City University,
Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Name of Students

Shahin Imran Md Tanvir Ahmed Mishu Rahman

ID: 181472597 ID: 181472598 ID: 181472616

Batch: 47 Batch: 47 Batch: 47
Dept. of CSE Dept. of CSE Dept of CSE
City University, City University, City University,
Dhaka, Dhaka, Dhaka,
Bangladesh Bangladesh Bangladesh

Mazharul Islam Mahmuda Akter

ID: 181472605 ID:181472618

Batch: 47 Batch: 47
Dept. of CSE Dept. of CSE
City University, City University,
Dhaka, Bangladesh Dhaka, Bangladesh

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 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project titled “Safe Transportation System” submitted
to CITY UNIVERSITY in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of
the degree of Computer Science and Engineering is the bona-fide qualification
record of the project work done by Shahin Imran ID: 181472597 , Md Tanvir
Ahmed ID: 181472598, Mishu Rahman ID: 181472616, Mazharul Islam, ID:
181472605, Mahmuda Akter, ID: 181472618 .The project report has been carried
out under guidance and is a record of work carried out successfully during january-
2021 to March-2021. To the best of my knowledge this project has not performed
anywhere for a degree.

Approved By
Rakib Hossen
Supervisor
Lecturer
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
-------------------------------

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 Acknowledgement
We would like to thank the following people for their help in the production in this
project. We are deeply indebted to our supervisor Rakib Hossen, Lecturer,
Department of CSE. Without his help and support, throughout this project, it would
not have been possible.

Abstract
This system is a community-driven program that encourages reporting of incidents
involving dangerous and aggressive driving and women sexual harassment.
Existing traffic complaints and sexual harassment reporting systems only receive a
report from the witness manually or via calls. Manual Reporting takes time due to
its procedures and should be done in place while helplines may become congested
at peak hour causing the complainants to have to wait to report.

In our proposed system every bus will have a QR code containing information
about the driver and bus. The proposed system allows users or witnesses to report
the incidents or complaints to the office department at any time (24/7) by scanning
QR code using an Android device. The complainants will fill-in the information
needed such as the location, time, date, the suspect, and complain types. Added
value to this system enables Office of the Security to detect the location, driver
information, car owner information by using GPS and user report from the user’s
device. This system is also to help the officer to take immediate response based on
the report received.

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 Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction
1.1 Introduction 7
1.2 Problem statement 7
1.3 Solution 7
1.4 Objectives 8
1.5 Features 8
1.6 Software & Hardware Requirements for User 9
1.6.1 Software Component 9
1.7 Scope 10
1.8 Budget 10
Chapter 2: Background and Related Study
2.1 Background 11
2.1.1 Related study 12-13
2.2 Comparison existing system and our project system 14
Chapter 3: Proposed Method
3.1 System Design Methodology 15
3.2 Use Case Diagram 15
3.3 Activity Diagram 16
3.4 ER Diagram 17
3.5 Class Diagram 18
3.6 Data Flow Diagram 19
3.7 Sequence Diagram 20
Chapter 4: System Implementation and Testing
4.1.1 Planning 21
4.1.2 Designing 21
4.1.3 Developing & Testing 22
4.1.4 Deployment 23
4.2 SDLC Models 24
4.2.1 Waterfall Model Design 25
Chapter 5: Result
5.1 Screenshots of our Software 26-28
5.2 Discussion 28
Chapter 6: Conclusion
6.1 Conclusion 29
6.2 Future Work 29
6.3 Reference 29

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 List Of Figures:
2.1 Road accident fatalities 11
2.2 Comparison existing system and our project system 14
3.1 Use case 15
3.2 Activity diagram 16
3.3 E-R diagram 17
3.4 Class diagram 18
3.5 Data Flow Diagram 19
3.6 Sequence diagram 20
4.1 Testing Strategies 22
4.2 Software Development Best Practice 23
4.3 The Software Development Life Cycle 24
4.4 Waterfall Model Design 25
5 Screenshot of our project 29-28

Chapter 1: Introduction

1.1 Introduction
In Bangladesh, there has been an alarming rise in road accidents and women’s
sexual harassment in public transport over the past few years. The main reasons for
occurring road accidents or traffic jams in Bangladesh are the carelessness and
inexperience of Drivers, most of the drivers have no driving license, Defective and
obsolete vehicles, the trend of competing while driving, violating the traffic rules.
Also, less protection for women’s safety.
For this circumstance we will develop an online reporting system that will decrease
road safety and women sexual harassments issues.

1.2 Problem statement

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Existing traffic complaint reporting systems only receive a report from the witness
manually or via calls. Manual Reporting takes time due to its procedures and
should be done in place while helplines may become congested at peak hour
causing the complainants have to wait to report

1.3 Solution
• In our proposed system every bus will have a QR code containing
information about the driver and the bus.
• The proposed system allows users or witnesses to report the incidents or
complaints to the security department at any time (24/7) by scanning QR
code using an Android device
• The complainants will fill-in the information needed such as the location,
time, date, the suspect, and complain types.
• Added value to this system enables Office of the Security to detect the
location, driver information, car owner information by using GPS and user
report from the user’s device.
• This system is also to help the officer to take immediate response based on
the report received

1.4 Objectives
The objective of our Safe transportation system are –
• To analyze traffic complaints and reports.
• To develop an online reporting system that is easily accessible using an
android application to the user and security department from any location at
any time (24/7).
• To implement an online traffic reporting system using the Global
Positioning System (GPS) in order to accurately tracking the location of
incidents.
• To ensure women’s safety in public transportation.

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1.5 Features
• By scanning QR codes, users can know about traveling bus and driver
information.
• If any irregularity like over speed, extra passenger, extra money, diver
addicted, sexual harassment, etc. occurs a report can be done by the system
website or app and nearby police station get to know about the report and
take action.

• Users can save 5 favorite contacts for emergency messages or call alerts.
• Immediate actions based on the report received and Tracking location using
the GPS system.
• User have to sign up with phone number so that there is less amount of false
call and system stability.
• There will be IOT based Camera in the bus that can detect accident.

1.6 Software & Hardware Requirements for User

Hardware Software Network

Mobile, Tab etc. with Browsers: Firefox, Chrome, Must have internet
minimum requirements, Opera And our STS APK connection.
GSM Module, IOT Based
Camera, GPS tracker,
wire, Microcontroller.

GPS Tracker
A GPS tracking unit, geo-tracking unit, or simply tracker
is a navigation device normally on a vehicle, asset, person
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or animal that uses the Global Positioning System to determine its movement and
determine its WGS84 UTM geographic position to determine its location

Microcontroller
A microcontroller is a small computer on a single metal-
oxide-semiconductor integrated circuit chip. A
microcontroller contains one or more CPUs along with
memory and programmable input/output peripherals.

GSM Module
A GSM modem or GSM module is a hardware device that
uses GSM mobile telephone technology to provide a data
link to a remote network. From the view of the mobile
phone network, they are essentially identical to an ordinary
mobile phone, including the need for a SIM to identify
themselves to the network

1.6.1 Software Component

Language: PHP
Framework: Laravel (5.8)
IDE: Visual Studio Code, Sublime Text, Php Storm, Notepad ++, XAMPP
Front-end Design: Html, CSS, Bootstrap, JavaScript
Database: MYSQL
Browser: Microsoft Edge, Mozilla Firefox, Chrome
Operating System: Windows

1.7 Scope

• 24/7 online reporting system.

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 • To implement an online traffic reporting system using the Global
Positioning System (GPS) in order to accurately tracking the location of
incidents.

• To ensure women’s safety in public transportation.

• QR code scanning system on the transport to get to know about the bus
information.

1.8 Budget

Components Model/Version Quantity/size Price/unit Cost

IOT Based Camera EZVIZ C69 4500 5000 22500000
GPS Tracker Track2 4500 3999 18000000
GSM module SIM800 4500 2400 10800000
Microcontroller ATMEGA328P-PU 4500 190 855000
QR code Sticker 100000 5 500000
STS Software 50000000 50000000
Total 102655000
Table: 1.1

Chapter 2: Background and Related Study

2.1 Background

Fig:2.1 10
Road traffic accidents have now become a great social concern in Bangladesh and
the situation is deteriorating. The annual economic wastage occasioned by traffic
accidents is estimated to be in the order of 2 to 3 percent of the Gross Domestic
Product (GDP). Each year, there are at least 3,000 fatalities and 3,000 grievous and
simple injuries from around 3,500 police reported accidents on Bangladesh roads.
Other sources estimated the fatalities as high as from 12,000 to 20,000 per year [8].
Thus, the safety problem is very severe by international standards with some 60 to
150 fatalities per 10,000 motor vehicles in Bangladesh compared to around 25, 16,
2 and 1.4 in India, Sri Lanka, the USA and UK respectively.

With increasing road accidents there is also a high concern about women sexual
harassment that happening is on the transport vehicle and it is increasing day by
day.

From all of this tough situation we decided to build a platform that can reduce road
accident and woman sexual harassments.

2.1.1 Related study

Yousef et al (2017) proposed a device that should be sat in the vehicle to collect
information such as speed, g-force, and location coordinates. The collected data is
used to detect a car crash or pothole on the road. The

analysis process then will be done using Amazon Web Service (AWS) cloud IaaS.
However, the report contains

specific information related to the accident because they focused only on accident
detection and identifying

the location using Arduino Uno. In their study, Zhanga et al (2019) utilized content
mining and Natural

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language process (NLP) strategies to analyze construction accident reports. They
applied support vector

machine (SVM), linear regression (LR), K-nearest neighbor (KNN), decision tree
(DT), Naive Bayes (NB), beside

an ensemble model that proposed to classify the causes of the accidents. However,
the proposed framework

was not practical as a result of the dynamic qualities of the natural language
utilized in the field

Most of the related works in car accident feature extraction used ME as mentioned
in the introduction.

However, processing these features to do text mining were exceptional. Table 1

shows the techniques and

methods which are used in this field.

Table 1: Some related works and frameworks in mishap identification and feature
extraction and classification.

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 Table: 2.1

2.2 Comparison existing system and our project system

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 In Bangladesh there is no online reporting system for road incidents and woman
sexual harassments issue. The all-available system is all manual system that is time
consuming and the fatality rate increase.

Online report No Yes

Proposed
Existing
Track location
Key points Yes Yes
System
system
Real time action Limited Yes

Saves time No Yes

QR code data query No Yes

Fig:2.2

Chapter 3: Proposed Method

3.1 System Design Methodology

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Systems design is the process of defining the architecture, modules, interfaces, and
data for a system to satisfy specified requirements. Systems design could be seen
as the application of systems theory to product development. There is some overlap
with the disciplines of systems analysis, systems architecture and systems
engineering.

3.2 Use Case Diagram

A use case diagram is a dynamic or behavior diagram in UML. Use case diagrams
model the functionality of a system using actors and use cases. Use cases are a set
of actions, services, and functions that the system needs to perform. In this context,
a “system” is something being developed or operated, such as a web site. The
“actors” are people or entities operating under defined roles within the system.

Fig: 3.1

3.3 Activity Diagram

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Activity diagram is another important diagram in UML to describe the dynamic
aspects of the system. Activity diagram is basically a flowchart to represent the
flow from one activity to another activity. The activity can be described as an
operation of the system. The control flow is drawn from one operation to another.

Fig:3.2

3.4 ER Diagram

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 An entity relationship diagram (ERD) shows the relationships of entity sets stored
in a database. An entity in this context is a component of data. In other words, ER
diagrams illustrate the logical structure of databases. More specifically, entity
relationship model is a widely used model that provides a convenient graphical
representation to view data, relationships and constraints. Here figure 3.3 shows
the entity relationship diagram (E-R Diagram) of our application.

Fig: 3.3

3.5 Class Diagram

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A Class is a blueprint for an object. Objects and classes go hand in hand. We can't
talk about one without talking about the other. And the entire point of Object-
Oriented Design is not about objects, it's about classes, because we use classes to
create objects. So a class describes what an object will be, but it isn't the object
itself.
In fact, classes describe the type of objects, while objects are usable instances of
classes. Each Object was built from the same set of blueprints and therefore
contains the same components (properties and methods). The standard meaning is
that an object is an instance of a class and object - Objects have states and
behaviors.

Fig: 3.4

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3.6 Data Flow Diagram
Data flow diagrams are used to graphically represent the flow of data in a business
information system. DFD describes the processes that are involved in a system to
transfer data from the input to the file storage and reports generation.

Fig:3.5

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3.7 Sequence Diagram
A sequence diagram simply depicts interaction between objects in a sequential
order i.e. the order in which these interactions take place. We can also use the
terms event diagrams or event scenarios to refer to a sequence diagram.

Fig: 3.6
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 Chapter 4: System Implementation and Testing

4.1.1 Planning

Planning for the quality assurance requirements and identification of the risks
associated with the project is also done in the planning stage. The outcome of the
technical feasibility study is to define the various technical approaches that can be
followed to implement the project successfully with minimum risks.
In our proposed system every bus will have a QR code containing information
about the driver and the bus.

The proposed system allows users or witnesses to report the incidents or

complaints to the security department at any time (24/7) by scanning QR code
using an Android device.

4.1.2 Designing

In this Phase after successfully analysis the requirements and planning the next and
important part is design. Web design encompasses many different skills and
disciplines in the production and maintenance of websites. The different areas of
web design include web graphic design; interface design; authoring, including
standardized code and proprietary software; user experience design; and search
engine optimization. Often many individuals will work in teams covering different
aspects of the design process, although some designers will cover them all. The
term "web design" is normally used to describe the design process relating to the
front-end (client side) design of a website including writing markup.

A design approach clearly defines all the architectural modules of the product
along with its communication and data flow representation with the external and
third-party modules (if any). The internal design of all the modules of the proposed
architecture should be clearly defined with the minutest of the details in Design
Document Specification.
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4.1.3 Developing & Testing

In this Phase Partially or completely designed according to the product

requirements document, the next development phase can start or both design and
developing work continuing depend on each other. The goal of this phase is to
create an application that meets the needs identified in the previous steps, and as
the needs generally evolve and new ideas of implementation may arise during the
implementation phase, it is generally advised to use a methodology that allows
flexibility and proactivity. With each iteration in agile methodology, we make sure
that development is achieved towards the goals defined in the product requirements
document. The product requirements documentation should be used to implement
all features, an efficient approach should be chosen in order to make sure the codes
are behaving as expected by the specification document.
After development the most important part is testing. During that phase Test-
Driven Development (TDD) is one approach that aims to make sure that tests are
dressed to test and simulate real behavior. Testing helps actors involved in the web
application development process understand the code purposes and makes the hand
out process easier. Good code coverage has proven to minimize bugs and is proof
of the good design for easy post-production support and maintenance, easy system
evolution.

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 Fig: 4.1
4.1.4 Deployment

Once the product is tested and ready to be deployed it is released formally in the
appropriate market. Sometimes product deployment happens in stages as per the
business strategy of that organization. The product may first be released in a
limited segment and tested in the real business environment (UAT- User
acceptance testing). Then based on the feedback, the product may be released as it
is or with suggested enhancements in the targeting market segment. After the
product is released in the market, its maintenance is done for the existing customer
base

Software Development Best Practice

Fig:4.2

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4.2 SDLC Models

The software development models are the various processes or methodologies that
are being selected for the development of the project depending on the project’s
aims and goals. Many development life cycle models have been developed in order
to achieve different required objectives. The models specify the various stages of
the process and the order in which they are carried out. The selection of model has
very high impact on the testing that is carried out. It will define the what, where
and when of our planned testing, influence regression testing and largely
determines which test techniques to use.

Fig:4.3

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4.2.1 Waterfall Model Design

Waterfall approach was first SDLC Model to be used widely in Software

Engineering to ensure success of the project. In "The Waterfall" approach, the
whole process of software development is divided into separate phases. In
Waterfall model, typically, the outcome of one phase acts as the input for the next
phase sequentially.

Following is a diagrammatic representation of different phases of waterfall model.

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 Fig:4.4

Chapter 5: Result

5.1 Screenshot of our Software

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27
 Scanning QR code

5.1 Discussion

Our System is fully internet based. So, it requires an active internet connection.
This system requires a smartphone. To reduce false report, we will use different
types of authentication system. We have used IOT based GPS tracking system
and IOT based Camera to detect accident. We will use AI to detect accident from
the video/ picture taken by IOT based Camera.

Chapter 6: Conclusion

6.1 Conclusion

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We can understand the necessity for an online reporting or safe transporting
system. With increasing road accident and woman sexual harassment rate
increasing day by day. Our proposed system will help to reduce this problem in
near future.

6.2 Future work

1. We can apply machine learning or template matching algorithms to detect
emergency vehicles like ambulances and fire engines to let them pass as soon as
possible. Providing priority to such vehicles which will save a lot of lives and
property.
2.We can also enable the system to detect number plates of all the vehicles and
extract the registration number of vehicles. So that, if needed it can help the Police
and other authorities to track criminals by identifying the number plate of the
vehicle in which criminal is escaping.
3.In future obtaining match percentage data of individual signals, we can perform
detection of a special vehicle like an ambulance, data analysis on data stored in the
cloud. And come up with an approach to that it gets green signal for all traffic light
in its path.

Reference:
1.https://www.researchgate.net/publication/338770846_Smart_traffic_incident_rep
orting_system_in_e-government. Access date:10 april 2021
2. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8745611 Access date:10 april 2021
3.https://www.researchgate.net/publication/293195159_Improving_Safety_of_Tra
nsportation_by_Using_Intelligent_Transport_Systems Access date:10 april 2021

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