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Simple Stress and Strain

Concept of Direct normal stress, shear stress and Shear strain' Stress elements for direct normal stress and shear stress.

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Lotachukwu Ernest Eze
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84 views9 pages

Simple Stress and Strain

Concept of Direct normal stress, shear stress and Shear strain' Stress elements for direct normal stress and shear stress.

Uploaded by

Lotachukwu Ernest Eze
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Strength

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Material
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Module 2: Basic Concepts in
Strength of
Material.
Topic: Simple stresses and
strain
Recap:
• Products, machines and structures
must be designed to be safe and to
provide satisfactory performance
during the intended use.
• Loads and different Classifications
of loads
Learning outcomes..
• Concept of direct normal stress
• Represent normal stress or stress
elements
• Concept of normal strain
• Concept of direct Shear stress
Concept of stress: Stress in US units is typically reported in
The study of strength of material depends one of the following forms Lb/in2 or psi’
on the understanding of the principle of in the S.I unit as N/c or Pascal(pa)
stress and strain produced by applied e of N/m2 to be equal to Mpa
loads on a structure or machine and the Assume that a force of 10000N is
members that make up such systems. exerted over a square area of 50mm on
a side.
Stress
This is: the internal force of resistance
10,000 N
per unit area, offered by a body against
deformation.
50mm
The concept of stress can be expressed 𝟒.𝟎 𝑵
mathematically as Stress = Stress =
𝟏𝟎,𝟎𝟎𝟎
mm2 𝟐𝟓𝟎𝟎
𝟒.𝟎 𝑁
Stress =
m2𝟏𝟎−6
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𝐹𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒 𝐹
Stress = =

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𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝐴 stress = 4 ×𝟏𝟎−6 N/m2
Stress = Mpa
Direct Normal Stress
one of the most fundamental type of
stress that exists is the normal
stress, indicated by the lowercase
Greek letter δ(sigma); in which the
stress acts perpendicular, or normal
to the cross section of the load
carrying member.

If stress is uniform across the


resisting area is called the direct
normal stress.
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Normal stress

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Tensile Compressive
Mathematically,

Equation of direct normal stress is


given by;

Direct Normal stress(δ) =


𝐴𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑒𝑑𝐹𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒
𝐶𝑟𝑜𝑠𝑠 −𝑆𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎

The area of cross section is taken


perpendicular to the line of action of the
force.
Stress Elements For Direct Normal Stress;
it is more convenient to visualize the
stress condition on small (infinitesimal)
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element.

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This element used to analyse the stress
condition of a material is called the stress
Element
Stress Element For Compressive Stress
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AGE 5
Stress Element For Tensile Stress
Strain also called ‘’ unit
Concept Of Strain Deformation’’ is found by dividing
the total deformation by the
original length of the bar. The
lower case Greek letter
epsilon (ε) is used to denote
strain. Strain ε = 𝑻𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍𝑶𝒓𝒊𝒈𝒊𝒏𝒂𝒍
𝒅𝒆𝒇𝒐𝒓𝒎𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏

Direct Shear Stress


Shear stress refers to a cutting
like action .
The applied Shearing Force is
resisted Uniformly by the area of
the part in shear, producing a
uniform level of shearing Force
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across the entire area being

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sheared.
The symbol used for shear stress
is τ, the lowercase Greek letter
tau.
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L.E Eze
[email protected]

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