ISSN(Online) : 2319-8753

ISSN (Print) : 2347-6710

International Journal of Innovative Research in Science,

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(An ISO 3297: 2007 Certified Organization)

Vol. 5, Issue 6, June 2016

Performance Assessment of 100 MLD Sewage

Treatment Plant Based On C-TECH
Technology at Vashi, Navi Mumbai
Bhakti Kulkarni 1, R.V. Wanjule 2, H.H.Shinde 3
P.G. Student, Department of Civil Engineering, Jawaharlal Nehru Engineering College, Aurangabad, Maharashtra,
India1
Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Jawaharlal Nehru Engineering College, Aurangabad,
Maharashtra, India2
Vice-Principal, Department of Civil Engineering, Jawaharlal Nehru Engineering College, Aurangabad, Maharashtra,
India3

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of 100 MLD Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) located
at Vashi,Navi Mumbai which is based on latest C-Tech Technology (Cyclic Activated Sludge Technology).
Performance of this plant is an essential parameter to be monitored as the most of the treated effluent discharged into
Vashi Creek and remaining used for Gardening purpose. Water samples were collected from raw inlet and treated outlet
and analyzed for the major waste-water quality parameters, such as pH, Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Dissolved
Oxygen (DO), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Suspended Solids (TSS) etc.The overall performance
efficiency of 100 MLD Sewage treatment plant will be evaluated by collecting samples for the period of 10 months
(March to December).The results of these evaluations also determine whether the effluent discharged into the water
body are under limits given by MPCB.

KEYWORDS: Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Chemical Oxygen Demand, Total Suspended Solid, etc.

I. INTRODUCTION

The aim of wastewater treatment is to enable wastewater to be disposed safely, without being damage to public health
and without polluting water bodies. Increasingly another important aim of wastewater treatment is to recover energy,
nutrients, water and other valuable resources from wastewater.
There is a Township newly established by CIDCO on the either side of Thane Belapur Road which is known as Navi
Mumbai and is governed by Navi Mumbai Municipal Corporation. Population of Requirement of water for the
Township is 317 MLD which is fulfilled by Morbe, Barvi and Hetwane dam, and generation of sewages is 245 MLD.
The NMMC have provided seven Sewage Treatment Plants (STP) at various places. STP at Vashi has total capacity of
100 MLD.The plant operation based on new technology called C-Tech Technology (Cyclic Activated Sludge
Technology).There are total six basins are provided. Maximum Effluent is discharged into Creek and remaining is used
for gardening.

II. LITERATURE SURVEY

Ravi Kumar et al. (2010) have put forward comparative study of performance of the Nagasandra and Mailasandra
sewage treatment plants. The overall efficiency of the two treatment plants was calculated by considering the TDS,
TSS, COD and BOD of the influent and the final effluent from the secondary clarifier. The performance studies on the

Copyright to IJIRSET DOI:10.15680/IJIRSET.2016.0506100 9388

 ISSN(Online) : 2319-8753
ISSN (Print) : 2347-6710

International Journal of Innovative Research in Science,

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(An ISO 3297: 2007 Certified Organization)

Vol. 5, Issue 6, June 2016

Mailasandra and Nagasandra Sewage Treatment Plants located on the periphery of Vrishabhavathi valley conducted for
a period of seven days indicated a positive efficiency of the system. The comparative efficiencies of the two sewage
treatment plants are given below.

Fig. 1 Comparative Account of Efficiency of Sewage Treatment Plants atMailasandra and Nagasandra

Prachi Wakode and Sameer Sayyad (2014) evaluated performance of 25 MLD sewage treatment plant at Kalyan which
is based on Sequential Batch Reactor (SBR) process.36 samples were collected for a period of three months and tested
in the laboratory for pH, BOD, COD, TSS, Total Nitrogen, Total Phosphorous parameter. Overall BOD, COD, TSS,
Total Nitrogen and Total Phosphorus Removal Efficiencies of STP are calculated.

Kavita Choksi et al. (2015) analyzed efficiency of the Anjana Sewage Treatment Plant, Surat.The selected parameters
were pH, Turbidity, TSS, TDS, COD and BOD. The treated and non-treated samples were collected twice a week on
every Monday & Thursday per month for winter sessions and summer sessions and tested. A result obtained from
collected samples was compared with BIS and GPCB (Gujarat Pollution Control Board) standards to evaluate the
efficiency of the plant in both seasons. The performance efficiency of each unit in treating the pollutants was
calculated. Overall performance of the plant is also estimated. The variation of BOD, COD and TSS for raw sewage
and treated sewage with summer and winter season is evaluated.

Mansi Tripathi and S. K. Singal (2013) was conducted study to evaluate the performance of existing sewage treatment
plants (STPs) in Lucknow City of India. Two STPs are operating in Lucknow based on UASB reactor and FAB reactor
technology with total operating capacity of 345MLD and 56MLD respectively. Three wastewater quality parameters
BOD, COD and TSS of the 120 samples was collected, evaluated and results are observed as per CPCB norms.
Table no. 1 BOD, TSS and COD removal efficiencies of two sewage treatment plants are calculated and compared.
Table no. 1 Treatment Characteristics of Treatment Plants considered under Study.

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Vol. 5, Issue 6, June 2016

III. THE C-TECH PROCESS

C-Tech is a CYCLIC ACTIVATED SLUDGE TREATMENT process. The C-TECH – System is operated in a batch
reactor mode. The complete process takes place in a single reactor, within which all biological treatment steps take
place sequentially. The complete biological operation is divided into cycles. Each cycle is of 3 – 5 hrs duration, during
which all treatment steps take place.

1. Fill-Aeration (F/A)
2. Settlement (S)
3. Decanting (D)

1. Fill-Aeration: The raw wastewater is filled in the C-Tech basin up to a set operating water level. Aeration is
done simultaneously for a pre-determined time to aerate the effluent along with the biomass.

2. Settlement: After the aeration cycle, the biomass settles under perfect settling conditions.

3. Decanting: Once settled the supernatant is removed from the top by using decanter. Solids are wasted from the
tank during decanting phase.

These phases in a sequence constitute a cycle, which is then repeated.

IV. METHODOLOGY

Samples were collected from the influent and effluent of the sewage treatment plant. Samples have been collected
twenty times from date 27th March 2015 to 31st December 2016.Collected samples were analysed for the important
parameters Ph, BOD, COD, and TSS etc. Samples were tested as quickly as possible after its collection. The results
which are obtained after analysing samples from raw influent and treated effluent of STP are compared with standard
parameter of MPCB.

V. OBSERVATION AND RESULTS

Samples were collected during period of ten months was tested in the laboratory for four wastewater quality parameter
pH, BOD, COD, TSS.

Table no. 2 listed test observations of wastewater quality parameters taken at Inlet and Outlet. The pH values of treated
outlet observed in between 7 to 7.61 which are within the permissible limits as per MPCB. (MPCB Limit: 7-8). BOD
values of treated outlet are in between 2.1 to 4 which are within the permissible limits of MPCB. (MPCB Limit: ≤ 5).
Minimum COD value of treated outlet is 19 and maximum value is 32.which is much lower than MPCB limit. (MPCB
Limit: ≤ 50).Minimum TSS value of treated outlet is 5 and maximum value is 6.5 which is again within the permissible
limits of MPCB. (MPCB Limit: ≤ 10).

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International Journal of Innovative Research in Science,

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Vol. 5, Issue 6, June 2016

Table no.2Results of wastewater quality parameter for the 20 samples collected at STP,Vashi.

pH BOD COD TSS

S.No. Date
Inlet Outlet Inlet Outlet Inlet Outlet Inlet Outlet
1 27-03-2015 6.35 7.18 110 2.2 235 25 160 6.5
2 30-03-2015 6.95 7.61 120 3 210 20 159 5.8
3 14-04-2015 6.75 7.3 116 2.5 230 25 175 6.4
4 29-04-2015 6.9 7.1 112 3.8 272 32 164 6
5 14-05-2015 6.8 7 108 3.5 292 28 150 6
6 28-05-2015 6.9 7.1 142 3.8 398 28 164 5
7 14-06-2015 6.9 7 122 3.3 246 27 143 5.5
8 29-06-2015 6.5 7.1 111 3.2 218 19 115 5
9 13-07-2015 6.9 7 110 2.1 222 23 151 5
10 30-07-2015 6.5 7.12 125 3.9 268 27 170 6.4
11 13-08-2015 6.3 7.2 125 3.2 253 25 172 6.4
12 31-08-2015 6.35 7.2 119 3.4 229 21 145 5.2
13 14-09-2015 6.75 7.48 130 3.9 245 25 165 6.5
14 28-09-2015 6.35 7 126 4 275 28 170 6.5
15 15-10-2015 6.9 7 132 3 238 21 140 5.5
16 29-10-2015 6.85 7.38 120 3.6 238 25 143 5
17 16-11-2015 6.78 7.16 110 3.6 241 23 154 5.5
18 26-11-2015 6.36 7.1 114 3.5 239 23 141 5.4
19 14-12-2015 6.67 7.24 118 3 237 24 141 5.9
20 31-12-2015 6.56 7.23 119 3.4 242 22 134 5.6

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Vol. 5, Issue 6, June 2016

Table no. 3 BOD Removal Efficiencies are calculated from inlet and outlet parameter. Maximum BOD Removal
Efficiency is 98.1% and Minimum BOD Removal Efficiency is 96.6%.

Table no.3 BOD Removal Efficiency.

S.No. Date Inlet Outlet Efficiency
1 27-03-2015 110 2.2 98
2 30-03-2015 120 3 97.5
3 14-04-2015 116 2.5 97.84
4 29-04-2015 112 3.8 96.6
5 14-05-2015 108 3.5 96.76
6 28-05-2015 142 3.8 97.32
7 14-06-2015 122 3.3 97.29
8 29-06-2015 111 3.2 97.11
9 13-07-2015 110 2.1 98.1
10 30-07-2015 125 3.9 96.88
11 13-08-2015 125 3.2 97.44
12 31-08-2015 119 3.4 97.14
13 14-09-2015 130 3.9 97
14 28-09-2015 126 4 96.82
15 15-10-2015 132 3 97.27
16 29-10-2015 120 3.6 97
17 16-11-2015 110 3.6 96.72
18 26-11-2015 114 3.5 96.92
19 14-12-2015 118 3 97.45
20 31-12-2015 119 3.4 97.14

Table no. 4 List out COD Removal Efficiencies of STP.Maximum COD Removal Efficiency is 92.96% and Minimum
COD Removal Efficiency is 88.23%.

Table no. 4 COD Removal Efficiency.

S.No. Date Inlet Outlet Efficiency
1 27-03-2015 235 22 90.64
2 30-03-2015 210 20 90.48
3 14-04-2015 230 21 90.87
4 29-04-2015 272 32 88.23
5 14-05-2015 292 28 90.41
6 28-05-2015 398 28 92.96
7 14-06-2015 246 20 91.87
8 29-06-2015 218 19 91.28
9 13-07-2015 222 19 91.44
10 30-07-2015 268 25 90.67
11 13-08-2015 253 24 90.52
12 31-08-2015 229 21 90.83
13 14-09-2015 245 22 91.02
14 28-09-2015 275 27 90.18
15 15-10-2015 238 21 91.18
16 29-10-2015 238 23 90.34
17 16-11-2015 241 23 90.45
18 26-11-2015 239 23 90.37
19 14-12-2015 237 20 91.56
20 31-12-2015 242 22 90.91

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Table no. 5 Total Suspended Solid Removal Efficiencies are listed. Maximum TSS Removal Efficiency is 96.95%.
Minimum TSS Removal Efficiency is 95.65%.

Table no. 5 TSS Removal Efficiency.

S.No. Date Inlet Outlet Efficiency
1 27-03-2015 160 6.5 95.94
2 30-03-2015 159 5.8 96.35
3 14-04-2015 175 6.4 96.34
4 29-04-2015 164 6 96.34
5 14-05-2015 150 6 96
6 28-05-2015 164 5 96.95
7 14-06-2015 143 5.5 96.15
8 29-06-2015 115 5 95.65
9 13-07-2015 151 5 96.69
10 30-07-2015 170 6.4 96.23
11 13-08-2015 172 6.4 96.27
12 31-08-2015 145 5.2 96.41
13 14-09-2015 165 6.5 96.1
14 28-09-2015 170 6.5 96.17
15 15-10-2015 140 5.5 96.1
16 29-10-2015 143 5 96.5
17 16-11-2015 154 5.5 96.43
18 26-11-2015 141 5.4 96.17
19 14-12-2015 141 5.9 95.81
20 31-12-2015 134 5.6 95.82

The variations of wastewater quality parameters at influent and effluent are plotted for 20 samples from 27th March
2015 to 31st December 2015 and respective BOD, COD and TSS values are compared.

Fig.2 shows variation of BOD, COD and TSS at influent. The maximum value of BOD at inlet is 132 and minimum
value is 108.The maximum value of COD at inlet is 398 and minimum value is 210. The maximum value of TSS at
inlet is 175 and minimum value is 115.

Fig.3 shows variation of BOD, COD and TSS at effluent. The maximum value of BOD at outlet is 4 and minimum
value is 2.1.The maximum value of COD at outlet is 32 and minimum value is 19. The maximum value of TSS at outlet
is 6.5 and minimum value is 5.

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Vol. 5, Issue 6, June 2016

450
400
350
300
250
BOD
200
COD
150
TSS
100
50
0
30/3/205
27-03-2015

14-04-2015
29-04-2015
14-05-2015
28-05-2015
14-06-2015
29-06-2015
13-07-2015
30-07-2015
13-08-2015
31-08-2015
14-09-2015
28-09-2015
15-10-2015
29-10-2015
16-11-2015
26-11-2015
14-12-2015
31-12-2015
Fig.2 Variation of BOD, COD, TSS at Influent.

35

30

25

20

15 BOD
COD
10
TSS
5

0
27-03-2015

14-04-2015
29-04-2015
14-05-2015
28-05-2015
14-06-2015
29-06-2015
13-07-2015
30-07-2015
13-08-2015
31-08-2015
14-09-2015
28-09-2015
15-10-2015
29-10-2015
16-11-2015
26-11-2015
14-12-2015
31-12-2015
30/3/205

Fig.3 Variation of BOD, COD, TSS at Effluent.

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VI. CONCLUSION

The average BOD removal efficiency of the plant is 97.19 %.The average COD removal efficiency of the plant is
90.82%.The average TSS removal efficiency of the plant is 96.2 %.

The results indicates all major waste water quality parameters were reduced to much extend after the treatment and
treated effluent values were well within limit of discharge into creek as per MPCB. Hence it concludes that STP based
on C-TECH Technology is working with the standards given by MPCB.The results obtained indicates this latest
technology is very effective in wastewater treatment.
REFERENCES
[1] Prachi N. Wakode, Sameer U. sayyad, “Performance Evaluation of 25 MLD Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) at Kalyan”, American Journal of
Engineering Research (AJER), vol.03, Issue 03, pp-310-316, 2014.
[2] Ravi Kumar, P., LizaBritta Pinto, Somashekhar, R.K, “Assessment of the Efficiency of Sewage Treatment Plants: A Comparative Study
between Nagasandra and Mailasandra Sewage Treatment Plants”, Kathmandu University Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology,
vol.6, No.II, pp-115-125, November2010.
[3] Kavita N. Choksi, Margi A. Sheth, Darshan Mehta, “To assess the performance of Sewage Treatment Plant: A Case study of Surat City”,
International Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), VOL.02, Issue.08, Nov.2015.
[4] Mansi Tripathi, S.K.Singal, “Performance Evaluation of Sewage Treatment Plants in Lucknow City”, Hydro Nepal, Issue No.12, January 2013.
[5] Metcalf and Eddy, “Wastewater Engineering Treatment and Reuse, New Delhi, Tata Mc-Graw –Hill Publishing Company Limited, 2003.
[6] Central Pollution Control Board, “Status of Sewage Treatment in India”, Nov.2015.
[7] “Process Operation Manual for the WWTP Vashi”, Nov.2007.

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