Project MIMs

Grade 11 – General Mathematics

G11 MIMs LC 1-2

FUNCTIONS

Learning Competencies:
 represents real-life situations using functions, including piece-wise defined
functions; and,
 evaluates a function.

Objectives:
 represent situations using functions;
 apply function notation to write functions;
 evaluate a function.

Remember:

A relation (from X → Y ) is the set of ordered pairs ( x , y ) such that x ∈ X

and y ∈Y .

A function is a set of ordered pairs on sets A and B where every element

in A corresponds to exactly one element in B.

If y is a function of x, then we say that y=f (x ). This is called as the

function notation.

Enlighten:

The following are examples of functions:

1. Constant Function. It is denoted by f ( x )=c , is a function whose

domain is the R and the range is c.

2. Linear Function. It is denoted by f ( x )=mx+b, is a function whose

domain is R and whose slope is m.

3. Quadratic Function. It is denoted by f ( x )=a x 2 +bx +c , is a function

whose domain is R and whose coefficients a , b , c ∈ R and a ≠ 0.

Constant Function Linear Function Quadratic Function

 4. Square Root Function. It is denoted by f ( x )= √ x, is a function whose
domain is restricted to non-negative reals.

5. Cubic Function. It is denoted by f ( x )=ax3 , is a function whose domain

is R and whose graph has two (2) turning points.

Square
Root Function Cubic Function

6. Piecewise Defined Function. It is a function defined by different

equations for different parts of the domain of f . It is in the form of:

f ( x )1 , I 1

{
f ( x )= f ( x ) 2 , I 2
⋮ ⋮
f ( x )n , I n

Examples:

Nanay’s Pansit Malabon charges P 55.00 for

every order of a plate of pansit. Use function
notation to describe the total bill as a
function of the number of plates of pansit.

https://i.ytimg.com/vi/VU86tvELv-k/hqdefault.jpg

Solution:

Let: x be the number of ordered plates of pansit

f (x) be the total bill for the ordered plates of pansit.

It is important to determine the rule to find the total bill from the number of
ordered plates of pansit. Here, multiplication is the fundamental rule.

Fact Check So,

It is important f ( x )=cost of pansit ⋅number of ordered plates
to note that in f ( x )=55 ⋅ x
substitution f ( x )=55 x
process, the
unit of
money, P, is In this example, how much would it cost Abby if she buys 4
omitted. plates of pansit?

Solution:

4 plates of pansit means x=4. So, find f (4 ).

 f ( x )=55 x
f ( x )=55 ( 4 )
f ( x )=220

Fact Check
Therefore, it would cost Abby P 220.00 to buy 4 plates of pansit. 
Do not forget
the correct Robinsons Town Malabon
unit. In our issues this parking payment
example, P, rule.
peso sign, is
affixed.
P 30.00 for the first three
parking hours.
http://033320a.netsolhost.com/images/slideshow/malls-malabon/malabon%20(1).jpg

P 20.00 for the every succeeding hours.

Use function notation to describe the cost of parking as a function of

parking time.

Solution:

Let: x be the total parking time (in hours)

f (x) be the cost of parking

Notice that if the parking time is either 1 ,2 or 3 hours, the amount is fixed
at P 30.00. However, every succeeding hours would cost an additional P
20.00. Consider the table below:

If it succeeded… 1 hour 2 hours 3 hours

It would now cost… P 30+ P20 P 30+ P 40 P 30+ P 60

If the parking time is 1 hour, 2 hours or 3 hours, the cost of parking is set
fixed at P 30.00.

If the parking time is 4 hours, 5 hours and so on, the cost of parking is set
at P 30.00 plus P20.00 times the number of hours succeeding 3
hours.

So:
Fact Check If the parking time is 1 hour, 2 hours or 3 hours, the cost of parking
is set fixed at P 30.00.
f 1 ( x) is used
instead of
f (x) f 1 ( x )=30 if x ≤ 3 
because this
is the first If the parking time is 4 hours, 5 hours and so on, the cost of parking
part of the is set at P 30.00 plus P20.00 times the number of hours
succeeding 3 hours.

f 2 ( x )=30+20 ( x−3) if x >3

Therefore, the function is:

f ( x )= {30+2030( x−3
,
),
x≤3
x >3

How much is the parking of a car from 8 :00PM until 9 :00 AM?
 Solution:

From 8:00 PM to 9:00 AM, 13 hours elapsed. So, x=13. Since

x=13, use the second part of the function to evaluate f (13). Hence,

f ( x )=30+ 20 ( x−3 )
f ( 13 )=30+20 ( 13−3 )
f ( 13 )=30+20 ( 10 )
f ( 13 )=30+200
f ( 13 )=230

Therefore, it costs P 230.00 to park from 8:00 PM to 9:00 AM.

Let’s Try:

1. A bus company offers a 3-day trip to La Presa, Strawberry Farm for

only P 20 000.00 with at most 5 people. Describe the amount to be
shared by a person as a function of the number of people joining the
trip.

2. In the previous problem, how much will Nestor, Maro, Paolo and
Darren pay for joining the trip?

3. In Malabon, no flooding occurs when it rains hard for at least 2 hours.

When it rains further, flood rises by 15 cm. every hour. Use function
notation to describe the flood level as a function of the number raining
hours.

4. How high is the flood in Malabon if it has been raining for 6 hours?

5. Extreme caution will be raised when the water level starts reaching 75
cm. If it rains really hard, when will extreme caution warning be raised?

Reinforcement:

Instructions: Read the following questions carefully. Choose the

letter that shows that correct answer in each item
below.

1. Charito is taking an examination in Mathematics. She already scored

10 points. An additional 5 points will be given to her for every correct
answer she will get. Use the function notation to represent Charito’s
score as a function of the number of correct answers she made?

A. f ( x )=10 x +5 B. f ( x )=5 x +10 C. f ( x )=15 x

2. A rectangle is constructed such that the length is equal to width

increased by 3. Describe using function the area of the rectangle as a
function of its width. [Note that the area of the rectangle is A=lw.]
A. f ( x )=x ( x−3) B. f ( x )=x ( x +3) C. f ( x )=3 x 2

3. What is the area of the rectangle if its width is 7 cm?

A. 28 sq. cm. B. 70 sq. cm. C. 147 sq. cm.

4. In Calaguas Beach Resort, a boat ride cost P 400.00 intended for at

most 10 passengers. Additional passengers are charged P 60.00 per
head. Use piecewise-defined function to represent the boat ride fare.

A. f ( x )= {400+40060, x , xx ≥10
<10

B. f ( x )=
{400+ 60(400x−10),
, x <10
x >10

C. f ( x )=
{400+ 60(400x−10),
, x ≤ 10
x>10

5. How much will be the fare of if a ride is accommodated for 16

passengers?

A. P 1360.00 B. P 760.00 C. P 560.00

Challenge!

Lazada charges a fee for shipping services within or outside Manila. They
charge an initial shipping fee of P 40.00 for orders less than or equal to P
400.00. An additional P 50.00 shipping fee for orders between P 400.00
and P 2000.00 and a tripled initial shipping fee for orders above P
2000.00. Use function notation to describe the shipping fee of Lazada. Is
there something wrong in the fee system? Discuss.
Prepared by:

MR. LOWELL G. ALFONSO

Teacher III, MNHS – SHS