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Trig 5

1. The document discusses using trigonometric ratios on a calculator to solve problems involving right-angled triangles. It provides examples of finding trig functions like cosine, sine, and tangent given angle measures, and finding angle measures given trig ratios. 2. Trigonometry can be used to find unknown sides or angles of a right-angled triangle. One method is to use a trig ratio relating the side opposite, adjacent, or hypotenuse of a given angle measure. 3. Examples demonstrate using cosine to find an unknown adjacent side x, given the hypotenuse of 11.8 cm and an angle of 23°49'. The solution finds x to be 10.8 cm.

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53 views2 pages

Trig 5

1. The document discusses using trigonometric ratios on a calculator to solve problems involving right-angled triangles. It provides examples of finding trig functions like cosine, sine, and tangent given angle measures, and finding angle measures given trig ratios. 2. Trigonometry can be used to find unknown sides or angles of a right-angled triangle. One method is to use a trig ratio relating the side opposite, adjacent, or hypotenuse of a given angle measure. 3. Examples demonstrate using cosine to find an unknown adjacent side x, given the hypotenuse of 11.8 cm and an angle of 23°49'. The solution finds x to be 10.8 cm.

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298 Maths In Focus Mathematics Extension 1 Preliminary Course

In order to use trigonometry in right-angled triangle problems, you need


to nd the ratios of angles on your calculator.

EXAMPLES

1. Find cos 58c 19l, correct to 3 decimal places.

Solution
If your calculator

Press COS 58 % , ,, 19 % , ,, =
doesn't give this
answer, check that it
is in degree mode. So cos 58c19l = 0.525

2. Find sin 38c14l, correct to 3 decimal places.

Solution
Press SIN 38 % , ,, 14 % , ,, =
So sin 38c 14l = 0.619

3. If tani = 0.348, nd i in degrees and minutes.

Solution
This is the reverse of nding trigonometric ratios.
To nd the angle, given the ratio, use the inverse key ^ tan - 1 h .
Press SHIFT TAN - 1 0.348 = SHIFT % , ,,
tan i = 0.348
i = tan - 1 (0.348)
= 19c11l

4. Find i in degrees and minutes if cos i = 0.675.

Solution
Press SHIFT COS - 1 0.675 = SHIFT % , ,,

cos i = 0.675
i = cos - 1 (0.675)
= 47c 33l

6.2 Exercises
1. Round off to the nearest degree. 2. Round off to the nearest minute.
(a) 47° 13l 12m (a) 47° 13l 12m
(b) 81° 45l 43m (b) 81° 45l 43m
(c) 19° 25l 34m (c) 19° 25l 34m
(d) 76° 37l 19m (d) 76° 37l 19m
(e) 52° 29l 54m (e) 52° 29l 54m
Chapter 6 Trigonometry 299

3. Change to a decimal. 5. Find correct to 3 decimal places.


(a) 77c45l (a) sin 39c25l
(b) 65c30l (b) cos 45c 51l
(c) 24c51l (c) tan18c43l
(d) 68c21l (d) sin 68c06l
(e) 82c31l (e) tan 54c20l

4. Change into degrees and minutes. 6. Find i in degrees and minutes if


(a) 59.53c (a) sin i = 0.298
(b) 72.231c (b) tan i = 0.683
(c) 85.887c (c) cos i = 0.827
(d) 46.9c (d) tan i = 1.056
(e) 73.213c (e) cos i = 0.188

Right-angled Triangle Problems


Trigonometry is used to nd an unknown side or angle of a triangle.

Finding a side

We can use trigonometry to nd a side of a right-angled triangle.

EXAMPLES

1. Find the value of x, correct to 1 decimal place.

Solution

adjacent
cos i =
hypotenuse
x
cos 23° 49l =
11.8
x
11.8 # cos 23° 49l = 11.8 #
11.8
11.8 cos 23° 49l = x
` 10.8 cm = x ^ to 1 decimal point h

CONTINUED

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