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Maths in Focus: Trigonometric Ratios and The Calculator

This document provides examples for rounding off angles to the nearest degree and minute, and converting between decimal degrees and degree-minute-second notation. It shows how to round 23°12'22" to 23°12' and 59°34'41" to 59°35'. It also demonstrates using the calculator's deg or dms key to convert 58°19' to 58.31666667 decimal degrees, and 45.236 decimal degrees to 45°14' in degree-minute notation.

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65 views2 pages

Maths in Focus: Trigonometric Ratios and The Calculator

This document provides examples for rounding off angles to the nearest degree and minute, and converting between decimal degrees and degree-minute-second notation. It shows how to round 23°12'22" to 23°12' and 59°34'41" to 59°35'. It also demonstrates using the calculator's deg or dms key to convert 58°19' to 58.31666667 decimal degrees, and 45.236 decimal degrees to 45°14' in degree-minute notation.

Uploaded by

s
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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296 Maths In Focus Mathematics Extension 1 Preliminary Course

4 (c) Write down the exact ratios of


5. If tan i = , nd cos i and sin i.
3 sin 60c, cos 60c and tan 60c.
2
6. If cos i = , nd exact values for 11. Show sin 67c = cos 23c.
3
tan i, sec i and sin i.
12. Show sec 82c = cosec 8c.
1
7. If sin i = , nd the exact ratios
6 13. Show tan 48c = cot 42c.
of cos i and tan i.
14. Simplify
Hint: Change 0.7 to a fraction. 8. If cos i = 0.7, nd exact values (a) cos 61c + sin 29c
for tan i and sin i. (b) sec i - cosec ] 90c - i g
9. D ABC is a right-angled isosceles (c) tan 70c + cot 20c - 2 tan 70c
triangle with +ABC = 90c and sin 55c
(d)
AB = BC = 1. cos 35c
(a) Find the exact length of AC. cot 25c + tan 65c
(b) Find +BAC . (e)
cot 25c
(c) From the triangle, write down 15. Find the value of x if
the exact ratios of sin 45c, cos 45c sin 80c = cos ] 90 - x g c.
and tan 45c.
16. Find the value of y if
10. tan 22c = cot ^ 90 - y h c.

17. Find the value of p if


cos 49c = sin ^ p + 10 h c.

18. Find the value of b if


sin 35c = cos ] b + 30 g c.

19. Find the value of t if


cot ] 2t + 5 g c = tan ] 3t - 15 g c.
(a) Using Pythagoras’ theorem,
nd the exact length of AC. 20. Find the value of k if
(b) Write down the exact ratios of tan ] 15 - k g c = cot ] 2k + 60 g c.
sin 30c, cos 30c and tan 30c.

Trigonometric ratios and the calculator

Angles are usually given in degrees and minutes. In this section you will
practise rounding off angles and nding trigonometric ratios on the calculator.
Angles are usually given in degrees and minutes in this course. The
calculator uses degrees, minutes and seconds, so you need to round off.

60 minutes = 1 deg ree (60l = 1c)


60 seconds = 1 minute (60m = 1l)

In normal rounding off, you round up to the next number if the number
to the right is 5 or more. Angles are rounded off to the nearest degree by
rounding up if there are 30 minutes or more. Similarly, angles are rounded off
to the nearest minute by rounding up if there are 30 seconds or more.
Chapter 6 Trigonometry 297

EXAMPLES

Round off to the nearest minute.


1. 23c 12l 22m

Solution
23c 12l 22m = 23c 12l

2. 59c 34l 41m

Solution
59c 34l 41m = 59c 35l

3. 16c 54l 30m


Because 30 seconds is
Solution half a minute, we round
up to the next minute.
16c 54l 30m = 16c 55l

% , ,, KEY
Some calculators have
This key changes decimal angles into degrees, minutes and seconds deg or dms keys.
and vice versa.

EXAMPLES

1. Change 58c 19l into a decimal.

Solution If your calculator does not


give these answers, check
Press 58 % , ,, 19 % , ,, = % , ,, the instructions for its use.
So 58c 19l = 58.31666667

2. Change 45.236c into degrees and minutes.

Solution
Press 45.236 = SHIFT % , ,,
So 45.236c = 45c14l

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