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    New Heat Exchaner Design - 5mw

    Uploaded by

    Steve Wan
    The document discusses the key parameters and assumptions used to select and size a heat exchanger. It includes the inlet and outlet temperatures of the steam and water fluids, assumptions about heat transfer coefficients and flow rates, and calculations for the logarithmic mean temperature difference (LMTD), required heat transfer area, number of tubes, tube and shell diameters, and pressure drops. The overall goal is to determine the appropriate design of the heat exchanger to transfer the necessary heat between the steam and water at given flow rates within design specifications.

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    New Heat Exchaner Design - 5mw

    Uploaded by

    Steve Wan
    91 views13 pages
    The document discusses the key parameters and assumptions used to select and size a heat exchanger. It includes the inlet and outlet temperatures of the steam and water fluids, assumptions about heat transfer coefficients and flow rates, and calculations for the logarithmic mean temperature difference (LMTD), required heat transfer area, number of tubes, tube and shell diameters, and pressure drops. The overall goal is to determine the appropriate design of the heat exchanger to transfer the necessary heat between the steam and water at given flow rates within design specifications.

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    New Heat Exchaner Design_5mw(2)

    Original Title

    New Heat Exchaner Design_5mw(2)

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    The document discusses the key parameters and assumptions used to select and size a heat exchanger. It includes the inlet and outlet temperatures of the steam and water fluids, assumptions about heat transfer coefficients and flow rates, and calculations for the logarithmic mean temperature difference (LMTD), required heat transfer area, number of tubes, tube and shell diameters, and pressure drops. The overall goal is to determine the appropriate design of the heat exchanger to transfer the necessary heat between the steam and water at given flow rates within design specifications.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as XLS, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as xls, pdf, or txt
    91 views13 pages

    New Heat Exchaner Design - 5mw

    Uploaded by

    Steve Wan
    The document discusses the key parameters and assumptions used to select and size a heat exchanger. It includes the inlet and outlet temperatures of the steam and water fluids, assumptions about heat transfer coefficients and flow rates, and calculations for the logarithmic mean temperature difference (LMTD), required heat transfer area, number of tubes, tube and shell diameters, and pressure drops. The overall goal is to determine the appropriate design of the heat exchanger to transfer the necessary heat between the steam and water at given flow rates within design specifications.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as XLS, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as xls, pdf, or txt
    of 13

    Steam inlet Temperature T1

    Water inlet temperature T3


    Water outlet temperature T4
    Assumptions
    1.The shell fluid temperature is an average isothermal tempeature at any cross section.
    2.There is an equal amount of heating surface in each pass.

    3.The overall coefficient of heat transfer is constant.

    4.The rate of flow of each fluid is constant.


    5.Specific heat of each fluid is constant.
    7.Heat losses are negligible.

    STEP1
    SELECTION OF HEAT EXCHANGER AS PER (LMTD) VALUE
    Heat balance:
    Specific Heat of water 1
    Latent heat of steam at 1.46psi 833
    Dryness fraction of steam 0.8

    Heat absorbed by water = Heat removed from Steam


    Total latent heat 69442834.676

    20% extra for safety 13888567


    Heat removed from Steam 83,331,402
    Calculation of Mass of water
    Change in water temperature 27
    Mass of water 2571957
    Change in hot fluid inlet Temperature and cold fluid outlet Temperature 21.6
    Change in hot fluid outlet Temperature and cold fluid inlet Temperature 48.6
    Difference of Change in Temperature 27
    Logarithmic value ln(14.22/32.22) 0.81093021622
    Lean mean temperature difference(LMTD) 33.2950967421

    Average temperature of hot fluid 116.6


    Average temperature of cold fluid 81.5
    Calculation of required area 3113
    Triangular pitch of tubes 1.25 times of diameter of tube 1.25
    No. of tube pass 1
    BWG(Birmingham wire gauge) 15
    Tube count constant(2 pass) 0.9
    Tube layout constant 0.87
    Number of tubes 300
    Projected area of tube layout 1.359375
    Calculation of diameter of shell
    Inner diameter of shell 24.0042012684
    Shell cross flow area 1.33356673713
    Mass flow velocity 62490.1121777

    Reynolds number 2349.25233751


    Calburn factor 25
    (Cµ/K)^0.33 1.53918639614
    K/D 7.2
    Outer heat transfer of shell 277.053551305
    Calculation of area of tube
    Area 1.2
    Mass flow of velocity 2143297.36653
    Velocity 9.52576607346
    Reynolds number 152817.102233
    Heat transfer of inner tube from graph 700
    Total heat transfer 601.325301205
    Clean overall coefficient 189.666804605
    Dirt factor -0.0037798666

    Calculation of pressure drop of shell


    Tube length(shall diameter/tube length=1/10) 216.5
    Number of crosses(N+1) 5.4
    Pressure drop in shell 0.0010124
    Calculation of pressure drop of tube
    Pressure drop 4.5
    Return loss drop 0.3
    Total tube side pressure drop 4.7

    Total area of tubes 1413.4


    Discharge of flow tubes 13463.3

    How much inlet of discharge of flow 0.32526422346

    Condenser efficiency 57.8356610402

    Volumetric flow rate of water


    Total number of tubes calculate

    Two pass are provided on tube side


    Number of tubes per pass
    Cross sectional area of tube(a)
    Flow area per pass
    Volumetric flow rate of water = Flow area by pass*velocity

    Number of tubes

    Length of tube

    Outside surface area of tube/m length


    Length of each tube

    Shell diamiter
    Two pass arrangement in square pitch
    Assume K
    n

    (N/K)^1/n
    Shell diamiter
    Use 10% Clearence
    Correct shell diamiter
    HEAT EXCHANGER
    FLUIDS
    FLUID TEMARETURE OF STEAM
    FLUID TEMARETURE OF WATER
    INLET PRESSURE OF STEAM
    Latent heat of steam
    RATE OF MASS FLOW STEAM
    Outer diameter of tube
    Baffle space
    Heat transfer coefficient
    Number of tubes
    Clearance from tube to tube
    Equivalent diameter of shell as per standard by data book
    Dynamic viscosity of steam at 122F
    Specific heat constant
    Thermal conductivity
    Equivalent diameter inner tube
    Density at 80F
    Flow area per tube
    Dynamic viscosity of water at 80F
    Friction factor from Reynolds number of shell side
    Friction factor from Reynolds number of tube side
    Specific gravity of water
    V^2/2g depend on mass velocity
    At 1.46psi saturation temperature:
    Innerdiamiter of tube
    116.6 F 47 Deg C
    68 F 20 Deg C
    95 F 35 Deg C

    The baffle spacing must b


    § Optimal baffle spacing i

    § Baffle cut of 25%-35% is


    (LMTD) VALUE

    Btu/lbF
    BTU/hr
    (Mass of dry steam / Mass of wet steam)

    BTU/hr 324 kg/s

    BTU/hr

    F
    lb/hr 324 kg/s
    F
    F
    F

    F
    F
    ft^2 289 m^2
    in Selection of tube material
    To be able to transfer hea
    cold side through the tub
    Because of the tendency
    This is addition to any stre
    in^2 shell and tube side fluids
    To minimize deterioration
    in 2.00035 ft 0.61 m ,high quality tube materia
    ft^2

    Tube arrangement
    Triangular arrangement:
    Btu/hr ft^2F

    ft^2
    lb/hr(ft^2)
    fps 2.9 m/s

    Btu/hr ft^2F
    Btu/hr ft^2F
    Btu/hr ft^2F

    in 5.5 m 18.0 ft

    psi

    psi
    psi
    psi

    ft^2 774982.7
    ft^3/s 813744.1 l/s

    m^3/s 651600 L/h

    Reference by Dr.Shrikant D. Dawande

    0.325264 m^3/s

    ovided on tube side


    N/2
    area of tube(a) 0.00037 m^2
    a*N/2
    605.7666

    be/m length 0.079899 m^2/m


    5.975398 m

    quare pitch
    0.156
    2.291

    36.8675
    0.936435 m
    1.1
    1.030078 m
    STEAM & WATER
    91.22 F 32.9 C
    77 to 59 F 25 to 15 C
    0.722 psi 0.0498 bar
    833.3 BTU/lb 1938.55 Kj/Kg
    83334.735 lb/hr 10.5 kg/s
    1 in 0.083 ft 0.0254 mm
    40 in 1016 mm
    670 Btu/hr ft^2F
    300 300
    0.25 in 6.35 mm
    d by data book 0.56 in 0.05 ft
    1.33 lb/ft.hr
    1 BTU/lb F
    0.36 BTu/hr(ft^2)F/ft
    0.856 in 0.0713 ft 0.02174 m
    62.5 lb/ft^3 0.03616 lb/in^3 995 kg/m^3
    0.576 in^3
    Annulus diamiters and location of coeffice
    1 lb/ft.hr 0.000413 Ns/m^2
    0.0025 sq ft/sq in
    inner pipe
    0.0002 sq ft/sq in
    1
    0.07
    114.684 F
    0.856 in 0.0217 m
    hi

    D2
    D1

    Segmental Cut Baffles


    Baffle Type & Geometry
    The baffle spacing must be chosen with care.
    § Optimal baffle spacing is somewhere between 40% - 60% of the shell diameter. Outer pipe

    § Baffle cut of 25%-35% is usually recommended


    tube material
    To be able to transfer heat well, the tube material should have good thermal conductivity, because heat is transferred from a hot to
    cold side through the tubes there is a temperature difference through the width of the tubes.
    Because of the tendency of the material to thermally expand differently at various temperatures, Thermal stresses occur during operatio
    This is addition to any stress from high pressures from fluid themselves, The tube material also should be compatible with both the
    shell and tube side fluids for long periods under the operating conditions(Temperatures, pressures, PH, etc.)
    To minimize deterioration such as corrosion. All of these requirements call for careful selection of strong, thermally - conductivity, corros
    ,high quality tube material, typically metal poor choice of metal in this correct way of this.

    ngement
    arrangement:
    Triangular pitch (30o layout) is better for
    heat transfer and surface area per unit
    length (greatest tube density.)
    rs and location of coefficents

    hi ho

    D1

    Outer pipe
    is transferred from a hot to

    al stresses occur during operation


    compatible with both the

    thermally - conductivity, corrosion resistance

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