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Research Methodology: An Introduction: K.Balaji

This document provides an overview of research methodology. It defines research as a systematic, scientific search for knowledge on a specific topic. Research objectives include exploration to gain new insights, description to accurately portray characteristics, and testing hypotheses about causal relationships. Motivations for research include gaining degrees/benefits, solving problems, intellectual enjoyment, and helping society. The different types of research discussed are descriptive vs analytical, applied vs fundamental, quantitative vs qualitative, and conceptual vs empirical. The research process involves formulating problems, literature reviews, developing hypotheses, research design, data collection, analysis, testing, interpretation and reporting. Good research is systematic, logical, empirical and replicable. Common problems faced by researchers in India include a lack of methodology training

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Uttam Kumar Sahoo
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119 views17 pages

Research Methodology: An Introduction: K.Balaji

This document provides an overview of research methodology. It defines research as a systematic, scientific search for knowledge on a specific topic. Research objectives include exploration to gain new insights, description to accurately portray characteristics, and testing hypotheses about causal relationships. Motivations for research include gaining degrees/benefits, solving problems, intellectual enjoyment, and helping society. The different types of research discussed are descriptive vs analytical, applied vs fundamental, quantitative vs qualitative, and conceptual vs empirical. The research process involves formulating problems, literature reviews, developing hypotheses, research design, data collection, analysis, testing, interpretation and reporting. Good research is systematic, logical, empirical and replicable. Common problems faced by researchers in India include a lack of methodology training

Uploaded by

Uttam Kumar Sahoo
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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

AN INTRODUCTION
K.BALAJI
What is Research
• Research commonly refers to search for
knowledge.
• Also defined as a scientific and systematic
search for pertinent information on a specific
topic.
• It is an art of scientific investigation.
Definitions
• Systematized effort to gain new knowledge – Redman
and Mory
• Defining and redefining problems, formulating
hypothesis or suggested sollutions; collecting,
organising and evaluating data; making deductions and
reaching conclusions – Clifford Woody
• Manipulation of things, concepts or symbols for the
purpose of generalising to extend, correct or verify
knowledge aids in construction of theory or in the
practice of an art – D. Slesinger and M. Stephenson
Objectives of research
1. To gain familiarity with a phenomenon or to
achieve new insights into it (exploratory or
formulative research)
2. To portray accurately the characteristics of a
particular individual, situation or a group
(descriptive research)
3. To determine the frequency with which
something occurs or with which it is associated
with something else(diagnostic research)
4. To test a hypothesis of a casual relationship
between variables ( hypothesis-testing research)
Motivation in research
1. Desire to get a research degree along with its
consequential benefits.
2. Desire to face the challenge in solving the
unsolved problems
3. Desire to get intellectual joy of doing some
creative work.
4. Desire to be of service of society.
5. Desire to get respectability.
Types of research
1. Descriptive vs Analytical
2. Applied vs Fundamental
3. Quantitative vs Qualitative
4. Conceptual vs Empirical
5. Other types of research
Other types
• One time research
• Longitudinal research
• Laboratory research
• Simulation research
• Clinical or diagnostic research
• Historical research
Research Methods vs Methodology
• Research Methods are the methods by which
we conduct research into a subject or a topic.
Eg. Conduct of experiments, tests, surveys
• Research Methodology is the way in which
research problems are solved systematically.
Eg. Learning of various techniques that can
be used to conduct research, tests, experiments,
surveys and critical studies.
Research process
1. Formulating the research problem
2. Extensive literature survey
3. Development of working hypothesis
4. Preparing the research design
5. Determining sample design
6. Collecting the data
7. Execution of the project
8. Analysis of data
9. Hypothesis testing
10. Generalisations and interpretation
11. Preparation of the report or the thesis
Research process
Qualities of good research
• Good research is systematic
• Good research is logical
• Good research is empirical
• Good research is replicable
Problems of researchers in India
1. Lack of a scientific training in the methodology of research.
2. Insufficient interaction.
3. Confidence in generating data from business which will not
be misused.
4. No code of conduct for researchers.
5. Difficulty of adequate and timely secretarial assistance.
6. Library management and functioning is not satisfactory at
many places.
7. Many libraries can’t get copies of old and new Acts/Rules,
reports and government publications in time.
8. Difficulty of timely availability of published data.
9. Problem of conceptualization.
Thank you

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