Speed/Timing - Test: Troubleshooting

22/4/2020 795F-AC Off-Highway Truck ERM00001-UP (MACHINE) POWERED BY C175-16 Engine(SEBP5011 - 174) - Documentation
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Product: TRUCK
Model: 795F AC TRUCK ERM
Configuration: 795F-AC Off-Highway Truck ERM00001-UP (MACHINE)
POWERED BY C175-16 Engine
Troubleshooting
C175-16 Engines for Off-Highway Truck/Tractors
Media Number -KENR9189-13 Publication Date -01/04/2015 Date Updated -05/12/2018
i04793408
Speed/Timing - Test
SMCS - 1912-038
Use this procedure to troubleshoot the electrical system if a problem is suspected with one or more of the engine speed/timing sensors. Also, use this
procedure if any of the diagnostic codes in Table 1 is active.
Table 1
Diagnostic Codes Table
Description Conditions which Generate this Code System Response
The engine speed from this sensor is ignored.
190-8 Engine Speed Sensor : The engine is running for more than 3 seconds.
The code is active.
Abnormal Frequency, Pulse Width, The pattern from the timing ring for the crankshaft
The code is logged if the pattern from the timing
or Period speed/timing sensor is lost for 2 seconds.
ring returns for 5 seconds.
The code is latched in the active state until the
power to the ECM is cycled.
The engine is running for more than 3 seconds.
342-8 Secondary Engine Speed The offset for the timing calibration is set to
The Electronic Control Module (ECM) detects an
Sensor : Abnormal Frequency, zero while the diagnostic code is active.
abnormal signal frequency for the right camshaft
Pulse Width, or Period The sensor is ignored. The engine speed is
speed/timing sensor.
calculated by using only the signal from the
primary speed/timing sensor.
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The engine is in run mode for more than 5 seconds.

The condition is checked once after each start-up cycle. The code is latched in the active state until the
342-11 Secondary Engine Speed The position of the primary speed/timing sensor in relation power to the ECM is cycled.
Sensor : Other Failure Mode to the position of the secondary speed/timing sensor may The offset for timing calibration is set to zero
be out of specifications. while the diagnostic code is active.
The polarity of the sensor wiring may be reversed.
2710-8 Engine Tertiary Speed The engine is in run mode for more than 3 seconds. The sensor is ignored. The engine speed is
Sensor : Abnormal Frequency, The ECM detects an abnormal signal frequency for the left calculated by using only the signal from the
Pulse Width, or Period camshaft speed/timing sensor. primary speed/timing sensor.
The engine is in run mode for more than 5 seconds.
The condition is checked once after each start-up cycle.
2710-11 Engine Tertiary Speed The position of the primary speed/timing sensor in relation The code is latched in the active state until the
Sensor : Other Failure Mode to the position of the secondary speed/timing sensor may power to the ECM is cycled.
be out of specifications.
The polarity of the sensor wiring may be reversed.
This engine is equipped with three engine speed/timing sensors. The primary speed/timing sensor is mounted inside the engine crankcase and toward
the left rear section of the engine. This sensor utilizes the teeth of the crankshaft gear on the rear gear to sense the engine speed and the crankshaft
position. The primary speed/timing sensor for the engine is the crankshaft speed/timing sensor.
The secondary speed/timing sensor and the tertiary speed/timing sensor are located on the top rear portion of the engine. Both of these sensors utilize
the teeth of the camshaft gear on the rear gear group to sense the engine speed and the camshaft position. A single tooth for both of these gears has
been partially removed in order to provide a timing reference for the ECM.
Under normal operation, the ECM utilizes the signal from the primary speed/timing sensor to determine the crankshaft position for an accurate fuel
delivery and timing. This feature eliminates the need for a separate procedure for timing calibration. A timing offset is determined during each engine
start-up. The value of the timing offset is stored in the non-volatile memory of the ECM until the successful completion of the next engine start-up. If
a failure mode for the primary engine speed/timing sensor is detected during engine start-up, timing calibration is aborted. The value of the timing
offset stored in ECM memory will be used. This value will continue to be used for the engine timing calibration until the diagnostic is resolved. A
timing calibration cannot be performed manually on this engine.
The fuel delivery to the engine is synchronized by the signal from the secondary speed/timing sensor (RH). If a failure mode for the primary
speed/timing sensor is detected, the ECM will use the signal from this sensor for fuel delivery and timing.
Note: The locations for the sensors are identified as if the sensors are viewed from the rear of the engine. Refer to Illustration 6.
For this application, the tertiary speed/timing sensor (LH) is provided as a backup for the secondary speed/timing sensor (RH). The signal from the
tertiary sensor will be used if a failure of the secondary speed/timing sensor (RH) is detected. The ECM will use the tertiary sensor to provide the
functionality of the failed sensor.
Use Caterpillar Electronic Technician (ET) in order to view the status of the engine speed sensors.
The signal from any two engine speed/timing sensors is necessary for the engine to be started. The signal from any single speed/timing sensor is
necessary for the engine to run. The speed/timing sensors are not interchangeable. Do not attempt to switch the positions of the sensors.
Complete all of the following tasks when you are installing the speed/timing sensors:
Ensure that an O-ring is installed on each sensor.
If an O-ring is damaged or missing, replace the O-ring.
Lubricate the O-rings with oil prior to installation of the sensor.
Ensure that the sensor assembly is fully seated into the engine before tightening the bracket bolt.
Ensure that each electrical connector is securely latched.
Ensure that the harness is properly secured, and ensure that each tie-wrap is placed in the correct location.
Illustration 1 g02459060
Schematic for the engine speed/timing circuit

Table 2
Troubleshooting Test Steps Values Results
Codes
1. Check for Diagnostic Codes Results: None of the diagnostic codes that are listed above are
active or logged.
A. Remove electrical power from the ECM.
Repair: Use Cat ET in order to ensure that the engine speed is
B. Connect Caterpillar Electronic Technician (ET) to the service tool detected from all of the engine speed/timing sensors. If the
connector. Refer to Troubleshooting, "Electronic Service Tools", if diagnostic codes that are listed above are not active or logged,
necessary. and the engine is not running properly, refer to the appropriate
engine symptom in this Troubleshooting manual.
C. Restore electrical power to the ECM.
Results: 190-08, 342-08, or 2710-08 active or logged. There is a
D. Start the engine and run the engine until the engine is at normal 190-08, 342-08, or 2710-08 that is active or logged.
operating temperature.
Proceed to Test Step 2.
Note: If the engine will not start, monitor the "No Start Parameters"
parameter category on Cat ET while the engine is being cranked. Results: 342-11 or 2710-11 active or logged. There is a 342-11 or
Check each of the engine speed parameters for engine speed. You 2710-11 diagnostic code that is active or logged.
may have to power Cat ET from another battery while the engine is
being cranked. Repair: The position of the crankshaft with respect to the
camshaft is not within specifications.
E. Look for these codes on Cat ET:
These codes may be generated by a problem with the rear gear
- 190-08 train. Check the gears that are in the rear gear train for damage
- 342-08 and for excessive wear. Check that the gears that are in the gear
- 342-11 train are properly timed. Repair any mechanical damage to the
- 2710-08 engine.
- 2710-11
Verify that the repair eliminates the original problem.
Note: These diagnostic codes will not become active until engine
speed is above 600 rpm. If the engine will not start, check for logged These codes may also be caused by the improper wiring of one or
diagnostic codes that are related to the engine speed/timing sensors. both of the engine speed timing sensors. Check that the wiring at
the ECM and the wiring at each of the sensors is correct.
Results: No engine rpm. Cat ET is not reporting engine rpm for

at least one engine speed/timing sensor while the engine is
cranked.
Sensor installation
(1) Flange
(2) Mounting surface
(3) Bracket
Engine speed/timing sensors
(4) Bracket
(5) Camshaft speed/timing sensor
(6) O-ring seals
(7) Bracket
(8) Crankshaft speed/timing sensor
Table 3
Sensor
2. Check the Installation of the Sensor Assembly Installation Results: The O-ring seals are properly
installed. The bracket and the seals are
A. Remove electrical power from the ECM. free of damage.
B. Visually inspect the sensors without removing the sensor assembly from the engine. Repair: Use the following procedure to
Flange (1) must be flush against mounting surface (2) in order to ensure proper operation. install a speed/timing sensor assembly
properly:
Inspect bracket (3). Verify that the bracket securely holds the flange of the sensor flush
against the mounting surface. 1. Lubricate the O-ring seals with oil.
Verify that the bracket is not bent. If the bracket is bent or if an obstruction is preventing 2. Fully seat each sensor into the
the sensor assembly from being installed correctly, the engine will not start. housing.
Note: The bracket cannot be replaced separately. Note: If the sensor assembly will not
fully seat into the engine, replace the
C. Remove the suspect engine speed/timing sensor from the engine. sensor assembly.
D. Ensure that O-ring seals (6) are installed on sensors (5) and (8). Ensure that the O-ring 3. Tighten the bolt for brackets (4) and
seals are free of damage. (7).
E. Visually inspect the magnetic pole at the bottom of the sensor. Remove any buildup of 4. Connect the connector and verify that
magnetic particles from the magnetic pole piece of the sensor. Be sure to use a shop the locking tab of the connector is
towel that is clean and dry in order to clean the sensor. securely latched at the sensor.
5. Ensure that the harness is properly

secured, and that the tie-wraps are placed
in the correct location.
Results: At least one of the sensor

components is not OK.
Repair: Obtain a new sensor assembly.

Use the following procedure to install a

speed/timiing sensor assembly properly:
Note: Do not switch the positions of the

sensors. The sensors are not
interchangeable.
1. Lubricate each O-ring with oil.
2. Fully seat the sensor into the housing.
3. Tighten the bracket bolt.
4. Connect the connector and verify that

the locking tab of the connector is
securely latched.
5. Ensure that the harness is properly

secured, and that the tie-wraps are placed
in the correct location.
Verify that the problem is resolved.
Location of the connectors at the ECM(typical left side engine view)
(9) J2/P2 ECM connector
(10) Right rail connector
(11) Left rail connector
Location of the primary speed/timing sensor (left side engine view)
(12) Primary speed/timing sensor
Location of the secondary and tertiary speed/timing sensors (top side engine view)
(13) Secondary speed/timing sensor (RH)
(14) Tertiary speed/timing sensor (LH)
Table 4
Inspect
3. Inspect the Electrical Connectors and the Wiring Connectors Results: The harness and the wiring appear to be OK.
and
A. Remove the electrical power from the ECM. Wiring Proceed to Test Step 4.
B. Thoroughly inspect connectors (9), (10), (11), (12), (13), Results: There is a problem in the connectors and/or wiring.
and (14). Refer to Troubleshooting, "Electrical Connectors -

Inspect" for details. Repair: Repair the connectors or wiring and/or replace the
connectors or wiring. Ensure that all of the seals for the connectors
C. Perform a 45 N (10 lb) pull test on each of the wires that are properly in place and ensure that the connectors are coupled.
are associated with the circuit for the engine speed/timing
sensors. Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
D. Check the allen head screw for each ECM connector for
the proper torque. Refer to Troubleshooting, "Electrical
Connectors - Inspect" for the correct torque values.
E. Check the harness and wiring for abrasion and for pinch
points from the engine speed/timing sensors to the ECM.
Terminal locations at the P2 ECM connector for the engine speed/timing sensors
(P2-25) Primary speed/timing signal (+)
(P2-26) Tertiary speed/timing signal (LH) (+)
(P2-35) Primary speed/timing signal (−)
(P2-36) Tertiary speed/timing signal (LH) (−)
(P2-46) Secondary speed/timing signal (RH) (+)
(P2-47) Secondary speed/timing signal (RH) (−)
Terminal locations at the left rail connector for the engine speed/timing sensors
(Terminal 24) Terriary speed/timing signal (LH) (−)
(Terminal 25) Tertiary speed/timing signal (LH) (+)
(Terminal 26) Primary speed/timing signal (+)
(Terminal 27) Primary speed/timing signal (−)
Terminal locations at the right rail connector for the engine speed/timing sensors
(Terminal 62) Secondary speed/timing signal (RH) (−)
(Terminal 63) Secondary speed/timing signal (RH) (+)
Location of the covers for inspection of the camshaft thrust washer
(15) Covers
Location of the camshaft components for inspection
(16) Thrust Washer
(17) Plate
(18) Bolt
Table 5
Resistance
4. Measure the Sensor Resistance through Measurements Results: The resistance measurements are within the specifications.
the Engine Harness
Repair: The sensors and the harness are OK. There may be a problem with the
A. Turn the keyswitch to the OFF position. ECM. Perform the following procedure:
B. Disconnect the P2 connector. 1. Temporarily connect a test ECM.
C. Perform the following procedure in order to Refer to Troubleshooting, "ECM - Replace".

measure the resistance of the primary engine
speed/timing sensor: 2. Recheck the circuit in order to ensure that the original problem has been
resolved.
a. Measure the resistance from P2-25 (primary
speed/timing signal (+)) to P2-35 (primary If the problem is resolved with the test ECM, install the suspect ECM. If the
speed/timing signal (−)). problem returns with the suspect ECM, replace the ECM.
Resistance .......................... 110 to 200 Ohms Verify that the problem is resolved.
D. Perform the following procedure in order to If the problem is not resolved with the test ECM, reinstall the original ECM.
measure the resistance of each of the secondary Restore the wiring to the original configuration.
engine speed/timing sensors:
The electrical system for the speed/timing circuit appears to be OK. There may
a. Measure the resistance from P2-46 be a mechanical problem with the engine. Perform the following procedure:
(secondary speed/timing signal (RH) (+)) to
P2-47 (secondary speed/timing signal (RH) Check the condition of the camshaft thrust washer.
(−)).
1. Remove one of the covers (15) from the flywheel housing cover group in
Resistance ....................... 1000 to 1200 Ohms order to inspect the condition of the camshaft thrust washer.
b. Measure the resistance from P2-26 (tertiary 2. Visually inspect the condition of thrust washer (16), plate (17), and three
speed/timing signal (LH) (+)) to P2-36 (tertiary bolts (18). Check for loose bolts, loose or broken plate, and broken or worn
speed/timing signal (LH) (−)). thrust washer.
Resistance ....................... 1000 to 1200 Ohms If a problem is found with the thrust washer for the camshaft, repair or replace
the faulty components. Refer to the Disassembly and Assembly manual for
details. Validate the repair by checking the system for the original diagnostic
code
If the thrust washer and the associated components are OK, recheck the
electrical system for an intermittent electrical condition.
Results: The readings are not within the specifications. The sensor resistance is
not within the acceptable range when the sensor resistance is measured through
the engine harness.
Harness connector for the engine speed/timing sensors
(Terminal 1) Signal (−)
(Terminal 2) Signal (+)
Table 6
Resistance
5.Measure the Resistance of the Sensor at the Measurements Results: The resistance measurement for the suspect sensor is within the
Sensor Connector specification.
A. Disconnect the engine harness from the suspect Repair: There is a problem with the wiring between the engine
sensor. speed/timing sensor and the ECM. There may be a problem with a
connector. Repair the wiring and/or the connector. Replace parts, if
B. For the primary speed/timing sensor, measure necessary. Twisted pair wiring is required. Any new wiring must have at
the resistance between terminal 2 (primary least one twist per inch.
speed/timing signal (+)) and terminal 1 (primary
speed/timing signal (−)). Verify that the problem is resolved.
Resistance .......................... 110 to 200 Ohms Results: The resistance measurement for the suspect sensor is not within
the specification.
C. For the secondary speed/timing sensor, measure

the resistance between terminal 2 (secondary Repair: There is a problem with the sensor. Replace the sensor assembly.
speed/timing signal (RH) (+)) to terminal 1
(secondary speed/timing signal (RH) (−)). Do not switch the positions of the sensors. The sensors are not
interchangeable. A timing calibration is not required when the sensors are
Resistance ....................... 1000 to 1200 Ohms replaced. Perform the following procedure in order to replace the sensor
assembly:
D. For the tertiary speed/timing sensor, measure the
resistance between terminal 2 (tertiary speed/timing 1. Lubricate the O-ring seal of the new sensor with oil.
signal (LH) (+)) to terminal 1 (tertiary speed/timing
signal (LH) (−)). 2. Fully seat the sensor into the housing.
Resistance ....................... 1000 to 1200 Ohms 3. Tighten the bracket bolt.
4. Connect the connector and verify that the latch tab of the connector is
securely latched.
5. Ensure that the harness is secured in the proper location.
Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.
Copyright 1993 - 2020 Caterpillar Inc. Wed Apr 22 2020 03:10:16 GMT-0500 (hora estándar de Perú)
All Rights Reserved.
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22/4/2020 795F-AC Off-Highway Truck ERM00001-UP (MACHINE) POWERED BY C175-16 Engine(SEBP5011 - 174) - Documentation

The engine is in run mode for more than 5 seconds.

Ensure that an O-ring is installed on each sensor.

If an O-ring is damaged or missing, replace the O-ring.

Lubricate the O-rings with oil prior to installation of the sensor.

Ensure that each electrical connector is securely latched.

Schematic for the engine speed/timing circuit

Results: No engine rpm. Cat ET is not reporting engine rpm for

Proceed to Test Step 3.

5. Ensure that the harness is properly

Proceed to Test Step 3.

Results: At least one of the sensor

Repair: Obtain a new sensor assembly.

Use the following procedure to install a

Note: Do not switch the positions of the

1. Lubricate each O-ring with oil.

2. Fully seat the sensor into the housing.

3. Tighten the bracket bolt.

4. Connect the connector and verify that

5. Ensure that the harness is properly

Verify that the problem is resolved.

and (14). Refer to Troubleshooting, "Electrical Connectors -

B. Disconnect the P2 connector. 1. Temporarily connect a test ECM.

C. Perform the following procedure in order to Refer to Troubleshooting, "ECM - Replace".

Proceed to Test Step 5.

C. For the secondary speed/timing sensor, measure

Resistance ....................... 1000 to 1200 Ohms 3. Tighten the bracket bolt.

5. Ensure that the harness is secured in the proper location.

Verify that the repair eliminates the problem.

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