Scribd
Upload
53 views8 pages

11.1 Systematic Cyclic Code: Communications Systems II, Fourth Stage-Lec.11 2020-2021

This document discusses systematic cyclic codes. It explains that a systematic cyclic code encodes data by dividing the data polynomial by a generator polynomial using long division. This results in a codeword with the unencoded data followed by parity bits. An encoder for a systematic cyclic code can be implemented using shift registers. The document also describes how to decode received codewords by computing the syndrome and looking up the error vector in a decoding table to determine the original data. It provides an example of constructing a decoding table and using it to find the data vectors for different received codewords.

Uploaded by

Mustfa Ahmed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
53 views8 pages

11.1 Systematic Cyclic Code: Communications Systems II, Fourth Stage-Lec.11 2020-2021

This document discusses systematic cyclic codes. It explains that a systematic cyclic code encodes data by dividing the data polynomial by a generator polynomial using long division. This results in a codeword with the unencoded data followed by parity bits. An encoder for a systematic cyclic code can be implemented using shift registers. The document also describes how to decode received codewords by computing the syndrome and looking up the error vector in a decoding table to determine the original data. It provides an example of constructing a decoding table and using it to find the data vectors for different received codewords.

Uploaded by

Mustfa Ahmed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 8

Communications Systems II, Fourth stage- Lec.

11 2020-2021

11.1 Systematic cyclic code

(11.1)

(11.2)

(11.3)

(11.4)

Example 11.1

Construct a systematic (7,4) cyclic code using a generator polynomial (using


Example 11.4).

Solution

Dr. Hasanain A. Hasan – University of Misan / Department of Electrical Engineering


Communications Systems II, Fourth stage- Lec.11 2020-2021

(NOTE that the polynomial here is the reverse of the method used before e.g.
start from left and give it the higher order and so forth)

Hence, from Eq.(11.1)

Dr. Hasanain A. Hasan – University of Misan / Department of Electrical Engineering


Communications Systems II, Fourth stage- Lec.11 2020-2021

We could also have found the codeword directly by using Eq.(11.4). Thus, c(x)=

the manner (table below). This is quite tedious procedure. There is, however, a shortcut

so on.

Dr. Hasanain A. Hasan – University of Misan / Department of Electrical Engineering


Communications Systems II, Fourth stage- Lec.11 2020-2021

The table shows complete code. Note that 𝑑𝑚𝑖𝑛 the minimum distance between

Example 11.2

A (7,4) cyclic code generated by g(x) = 1 + X + 𝑋 3 . Find the codeword (using


systematic) for the data [d= 111].

Solution

Using Long-division
𝑋 𝑛−𝑘 𝑑(𝑥) 𝑋3 (1 + X + 𝑋2 ) (𝑋5 + 𝑋4 +𝑋3 ) 𝑋
= = = X + 𝑋2 +
𝑔(𝑥) 1 + X + 𝑋3 1 + X + 𝑋3 1 + X + 𝑋3
In order to find codeword

C(X) = 𝑋 3 (1 + X + 𝑋 2 )+ X
= 𝑋5 + 𝑋4 + 𝑋3 + 𝑋

and C = 0101110

Dr. Hasanain A. Hasan – University of Misan / Department of Electrical Engineering


Communications Systems II, Fourth stage- Lec.11 2020-2021

11.2 Encoder

generated code is described in Eqs.(12.1-12.4).It involves division 𝑋 𝑛−𝑘 𝑑(𝑥) by g(x) that can

gain gk are either 0 or 1. An encoding circuit with n-k shift registers is shown in Figure .below.
An

Figure 11.1 Encoder for systematic cyclic code.

11.3 Decoder

Dr. Hasanain A. Hasan – University of Misan / Department of Electrical Engineering


Communications Systems II, Fourth stage- Lec.11 2020-2021

error. For example, for the code in Ex.12.2, if r = 0110010, this code mean c=1110010

error. For any r, we compute the syndrome from Eq.11.6, and from the table we find
the corresponding correctable error e. Then we determine c = e ⨁ r as been explained
in the linear block coding.

Example 11.3

Construct the decoding table for the single-error correcting (7,4) code in table (used in
Example 11.2). Determine the data vectors transmitted for the following received
vectors r; (a) 1101101; (b) 0101000;(c) 0001100.

Dr. Hasanain A. Hasan – University of Misan / Department of Electrical Engineering


Communications Systems II, Fourth stage- Lec.11 2020-2021

the below Table).

Equation (11.6) or by simply applying the matrix product.

From the table, this gives e = 0001000, and

Dr. Hasanain A. Hasan – University of Misan / Department of Electrical Engineering


Communications Systems II, Fourth stage- Lec.11 2020-2021

Dr. Hasanain A. Hasan – University of Misan / Department of Electrical Engineering

You might also like