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G9 Physics - Monday Lesson Note

The document provides notes on a physics lesson about fluid statics and pressure for a Grade 9 class, including definitions and examples of pressure, atmospheric pressure, and how it is measured, as well as applications of pressure like lifts, pumps, siphons and bicycle pumps. The notes also discuss fluid density and how factors like temperature, pressure, and altitude affect the density of gases.

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micahx
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409 views

G9 Physics - Monday Lesson Note

The document provides notes on a physics lesson about fluid statics and pressure for a Grade 9 class, including definitions and examples of pressure, atmospheric pressure, and how it is measured, as well as applications of pressure like lifts, pumps, siphons and bicycle pumps. The notes also discuss fluid density and how factors like temperature, pressure, and altitude affect the density of gases.

Uploaded by

micahx
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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2020 G.

C 3RD QUARTER PHYSICS LESSON NOTE for GRADE 9


 Dear students:- Copy the note and do the given homework on your exercise book!

Subject physics Grade & section 9 A- F


Unit፡ 6
Main topic Fluid statics
Sub topic/s Pressure
Page range from 140 to 170
Monday Date March 30/2020
Page range 141 to 153
Pressure
 Pressure is equal to force per unit area.
Pressure = force / area P = F / A (Pascal=one N/m2).
 Pressure is the pain that performed by a mechanical factor (force) over a given particular space or
on a specified area.
 Areas of pressure –solid pressure
-atmospheric pressure
-liquid pressure (gauge)
-absolute or total pressure
Atmospheric pressure.

The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds the Earth. Air has
mass. This means it also has a weight. The pain that performed by the
surrounding is called atmospheric pressure.
• 1 atm = 101 kPa but it must be calculated as Density of mercury times height of
mercury times gravity of the planet. ρHgghHg

The pressure in our bodies pushes back against


atmospheric pressure

The heating effect from the Sun causes small changes in pressure due to the uneven heating of the Earth’s
surface. This leads to high or low-pressure weather systems.
 The higher you get, the smaller the column of air above you. This means less weight pushing
down.
 As altitude increases the atmospheric pressure decreases.

Measuring atmospheric pressure.


 The most common is a barometer.
 An aneroid barometer is commonly used. (Aneroid means without liquid.)
 Pressure is often expressed in the units of mmHg.
 If the atmospheric pressure is equal to 1 atm then the height of the column of mercury in a
barometer is 760 mm.
Uses of air pressure or applications of atmospheric pressure.

If you drink through a drinking straw, you suck on the air inside the straw. Therefore the atmospheric
pressure outside is greater than the pressure inside, and liquid is pushed up

Prepared by Mr. H/Mariam F. Attested by Mr. Zeray Kahsay Page 1 of 2


A lift pump (common pump) is often used to raise water from wells. A piston moves up and down a tube.
There is a valve in the piston and one at the end of the tube.

Bicycle pump.
The handle moves a piston in a metal cylinder. There is a cup-shaped leather or rubber washer on the end of
the piston. This acts as a valve and let us air move in one direction only. The soft edge of the washer fits
closely to the sides of the cylinder.

Siphon
Siphon is a convenient way of removing liquid from a container such as an aquarium or petrol tank. The
pressure at A and B is atmospheric. Therefore, the pressure atC is atmospheric pressure plus the
pressure due to the column of water BC. Hence, the pressure at C is greater than atmospheric and the
water can push its way out against the atmosphere.

6.2 Fluid pressure


Fluids include all gases as well as liquids. Another characteristic of fluids is that they can change their shape.
This means they always take the shape of the container they are putin.

Fluid density
• Density is defined as mass per unit volume.
ρ=m/V
As the particles are closer together in a liquid, liquids have higher densities than gases. Both temperature and
pressure have an effect on the volume of a fluid. For large volumes of gas, the density increases, as the gas
gets closer to the surface of the Earth (due to gravity). This is mose. As the altitude increases, the air gets less
dense; the air is described as getting thinner.

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