PY0101 – Python for Data Science, AI, & Development Cheat Sheet Page 1
Python Data Types List
Changeble collection of objects
Tuple
Unchangeble collection of objects
collection = [1, 1, 3.12, False, "Hi"] tup = (1, 3.12, False, "Hi")
String
Series of characters or data stored as text
string = "Hello" List Operations
Changeble collection of objects
Comparison Operators
Comparison Operators compare operands and return a result of true or false
# returns the length of a list
String Operations len(collection)
Equal
# returns the string with all uppercase letters
string.upper() # Add multiple items to a list
a == b
collection.extend(["More", "Items"])
Less Than
# replaces any instance of the first string with the second in the
string
# Add a single item to a list
a < b
string.replace('H', 'C') collection.append("Single")
Greater Than
# returns the index of the first instance of the string inside the # Delete the object of a list at a specified index
a > b
subject string, otherwise -1
del(collection[2])
string.find('l') Greater Than or Equal
# Clone a list
clone = collection a >= b
# replaces any instance of the first string with the second in the
string
Less Than or Equal
string.replace('H', 'C') # Concatenate two lists
collection_2 = ["a", "b", "c"]
a <= b
collection_3 = collection + collection_2 Not Equal
Integer a != b
A whole number # Calculate the sum of a list of ints or floats
number_collection = [1,2,3,4.5]
integer = 12321 sum(number_collection)
Python Operators
Float Set
A decimal number Unordered collection of unique objects +: Additio
decimal = 3.14 -: Subtractio
a = {100, 3.12, False, "Bye"}
*: Multiplicatio
b = {100, 3.12, "Welcome"}
/: divisio
//: Integer Division (Result rounded to neartest integer)
Boolean
Descrete value true or false Set Operations
a = True
b = False # Convert a list to a set
set([1,1,2,3])
Conditional Operators
Conditional Operators evaluate the operands and produce a true of false result
# Add an item to the set
Dictionary a.add(4)
Changeble collection of key-value pairs And - returns true if both statement a and b are true otherwise false
,
# Remove an item from a set
dictionary = {'banana': 1, 12: 'apple', (0,0):'center'} a.remove("Bye") a and b
# Returns set a minus b
Or - returns true if either statement a or b are true , otherwise false
Dictionary Operations a.difference(b)
a or b
# Access value using key
# Returns intersection of set a and b
Not - returns the opposite of the statement
a.intersection(b)
dictionary['banana']
not a
# Returns the union of set a and b
# Get all keys in a dictionary as a list
a.union(b)
dictionary.keys()
a = {1, "a"}
b = {1, "a", "b", "c", 3.14, True}
# Get all values in a dictionary as a list
# Returns True if a is a subset of b, false otherwise
dictionary.values() a.issubset(b)
# Returns True if b is a superset of a, false otherwise
b.issuperset(a)
PY0101 – Python for Data Science, AI, & Development Cheat Sheet Page 2
Loops Webscraping Wor k ing w ith Files
For Loops # Import BeatifulSoup
Reading a File
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
for x in range(x):
# Opens a file in read mode
# Executes loop x number of times # P arse HTML stored as a strin g
file = open(file_name, "r")
soup = BeautifulSoup(html, ' html 5 lib ' ) # R eturns the file name
for x in iterable:
file . name
# Executes loop for each object in an iterable like a string, tuple, # R eturns formatted htm l
# R eturns the mode the file was opened i n
soup . prettify()
list, or set file . mode
# F ind the first instance of an html ta g
While Loops soup . find(tag) # Reads the contents of a file
file . read()
while statement:
# Executes the loop while statement is true # F ind all instances of an html ta g
soup . find_all(tag)
# Reads a certain number of characters of a file
file . read(characters)
Conditional Statements
Requests # Read a single line of a file
file . readline()
if statement_1:
# Execute of statement_1 is true
# Import the re q uests librar y
# Read all the lines of a file and stores it in a list
elif statement_2:
import re q uests file . readlines()
# Execute if statement_1 is false and statement_2 is true
else:
# Send a get re q uests to the url with optional parameter s
# Closes a file
# Execute if all previous statements are false
response = requests.get(url, parameters) file . close()
# Get the url of the response
Try/Except response . ur l
Writing to a File
# G et the status code of the response
response . status_code
# Opens a file in write mode
# G et the headers of the re q ues t
file = open(file_name, "w")
try:
# Code to try to execute
response . re q uest . header s
except a:
# G et the body of the re q uest s
response . re q uest . bod y
# Writes content to a file
# Code to execute if there is an error of type a
file . write(content)
except b:
# G et the headers of the response
# Code to execute if there is an error of type b
response . header s
except:
# G et the content of the response in tex t
# Adds content to the end of a file
# Code to execute if there is any exception that have not been response . tex t
file . append(content)
handeled above
# G et the content of the response in jso n
else:
response . json
# Code to execute if there is nto exception
Range
# Send a post re q uests to the url with optional parameter s
re q uests . post(url, parameters)
Error Types
Produce an iterable sequence from 0 to y-1
range(y)
IndexError - When an index is out of rang
NameError - When a varaible name is not foun Produce an interable sequence from x to y-1
SyntaxError - When there is an error with how the code is written
range(x, y)
ZeroDivisionError - When your code tries to divide by zero
