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4 ST | June 2021 www.sea-technology.com
CONTENTS JUNE 2021
Volume 62, No. 6
FEATURES
CTD Probes
8 AI EXPANDS REACH OF SDB
Kyle Goodrich and Ross Smith (TCarta Marine) explain how machine learning and
MSS Probes
ICESat-2 enhance satellite-derived bathymetry.
Sensors
13 AUVS MAKING REAL-TIME DECISIONS EQUIPMENT
Dr. Arjuna Balasuriya, Anya Wintner and Karen Pfautz (Charles River Analytics) introduce
a solution to object detection challenges for autonomous vehicles. Calibration
tion
Service
19 PMBES ENABLES EFFICIENT SURVEY
Dr. Ephraim Friedli (Axpo Power AG) and Francisco J. Gutiérrez (GeoAcoustics Ltd.) show
how a multibeam-like echosounder provides full coverage of rivers and reservoirs.
24 MASSA PRODUCTS CORP.: MORE THAN 75 YEARS MAKING HISTORY IN

ELECTROACOUSTICS
—Company Profile
28 OFFSHORE WEATHER AWARENESS
Mikko Nikkanen (Vaisala) outlines how advanced weather sensing assists wind farm
development vessels.
DEPARTMENTS
6 Soundings 42 Ocean Research
7 Editorial 43 Meetings
33 International 45 Contracts/People
35 Marine Renewables 46 Professional Services Directory
36 Product Development 47 Soapbox
38 Marine Resources 48 Advertiser Index
40 Marine Electronics
up to 11.000 m
COVER IMAGE
Imagery of Little Belt, Denmark, using Teledyne RESON SeaBat T50-R dual-head sonar integrated
with Teledyne INS Type-30 and Teledyne PDS software, with Google Earth background. Data were
captured in July 2020 during Teledyne Marine’s semi-annual off-site R&D test campaign.
NEXT MONTH
SeaRAY autonomous offshore power system … Enhanced safety measures for battery systems … conductivity turbidity
Boundary Pass Underwater Listening Station in Canada … Deck camera control via app … Confer-
ence Preview: OTC.
temperature pH, Redox
pressure
oxygen and much more
Copyright 2021 by Compass Publications, Inc. Sea Technology (ISSN 0093-3651) is published monthly by Com-
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www.sea-technology.com June 2021 | ST 5

soundings
)) Report Shows Singapore as Maritime ‘Start-Up Magnet.’ A new study sponsored by Inmarsat offers a comprehen-
sive overview of Singapore’s vibrant maritime start-up sector. The Trade 2.0 Singapore Maritime Start-up and Innova-
tion Ecosystem Report, published through the Inmarsat Research Programme, is the second country-specific study of
start-ups and their impact on maritime digitalization. It builds on a global Trade 2.0 report launched in 2019 and the
Japan Trade 2.0 report published in April 2020. Once more, the report is authored by Leonardo Zangrando, founder
of Startup Wharf, and Nick Chubb, managing director of maritime innovation consultancy Thetius. With one-quarter
of the world’s goods passing through the Singapore Strait each year, the report identifies the island city-state as “the
start-up magnet.” Singapore’s maritime IT market is forecast to generate US$2.4 billion in 2021 and reach US$4.8
billion by 2030. Two Singaporean accelerators are driving innovation for the shipping and offshore sectors. One is
Pier 71, founded by the Maritime and Port Authority and NUS Enterprise, which has matched start-ups with backers
including BP, Wilhelmsen, Pacific International Lines, Ocean Network Express, Cargotec, Wärtsilä, Vopak and Bern-
hard Schulte Shipmanagement. The other is the Techstars/Eastern Pacific Shipping MaritimeTech Accelerator that has
provided a home to 18 emerging technology companies. The Trade 2.0 Singapore Maritime Startup and Innovation
Ecosystem Report captures some rising start-up stars, with several showing how a start-up approach can bring or
adapt solutions quickly to markets. To download the report, visit: www2.inmarsat.com/trade-2.0-singapore.
)) Funding to Industrialize Osmotic Energy Tech. Sweetch Energy, a European company that pioneers advanced
nanotechnology and eco-material science to harness osmotic energy, has secured €5.2 million to initiate its indus-
trialization phase and develop a first full-scale prototype. Osmotic energy represents a revolutionary addition to
existing renewable energy technologies. Naturally available from the difference in the salt concentration when river
freshwater meets seawater, osmotic power provides a nonintermittent and abundant source of clean energy. Unlike
wind or solar energies, and similar to hydropower, it can deliver electricity continuously and is easily dispatchable to
meet the grid baseload power requirements. Osmotic energy represents an estimated 27,000 TW-hr. liberated every
year in deltas and estuaries around the world, which is equivalent to today’s global electricity demand, according
to Sweetch Energy. Sweetch Energy’s system combines recent breakthroughs in nanofluidic sciences with low-cost
eco-friendly materials to create next-generation membranes, coupled with specifically engineered electrodes and
innovative cell designs. The technology can harness osmotic energy with an unprecedented level of cost-efficiency,
opening the door to large-scale deployment of osmotic energy as a competitive market solution.
)) Winners of NOIA Safety in Seas Awards. GATE Energy and TechnipFMC are the winners of the 2021 NOIA (Na-
tional Ocean Industries Association) Safety in Seas Awards competition. GATE Energy is the 2021 NOIA Safety in
Seas Culture of Safety Award winner, and TechnipFMC is recognized for the 2021 NOIA Safety in Seas Safety Practice
Award. The Culture of Safety Award honors overall organizational immersion in and commitment to safety, which
has resulted in remarkable, measurable and sustained safety performance over a prolonged period of time. The Safe-
ty Practice Award recognizes specific technologies, approaches, methods or projects with direct and demonstrable
impacts on improving safety. Compass Publications Inc., the publisher of Sea Technology magazine, established the
NOIA Safety in Seas Award in 1978. The catalyst was a submersible accident in 1972 that took the lives of two divers
from the Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution. The tragedy illustrated the ever present threat to life and proper-
ty as the ocean is explored and its resources are developed. The awards acknowledge the significant contributions
made by modern-day pioneers in the ocean frontier.
)) Citizen Science Supports Coral Research via Video Game. Marine ecosystems are undergoing a conservation
crisis, with coral reefs in particular facing numerous challenges as a result of climate change. To better understand
these environments and the threats they face, researchers collect huge image libraries using 3D imagery collected
from divers and snorkelers, as well as 2D images collected from satellites. These approaches provide researchers
with huge amounts of data, but to extract value from these libraries requires a method to quickly analyze for pat-
terns or classifications. In a new study in Frontiers in Marine Science, researchers at NASA’s Ames Research Center’s
Laboratory for Advanced Sensing automated this process through the use of an artificial intelligence (AI) tool called
a convolutional neural network (CNN). CNNs, loosely based on biological neurons and brains, are used to analyze
images and look for features, such as different coral species on a reef or fish swimming through an underwater scene,
as well as where these features are in relation to everything else in the image. Vast amounts of 3D coral reef imagery
need to be classified to visualize how coral reef ecosystems are faring over time. CNNs require lots of training data
to function correctly, so it was vital to build a large database to train the CNN on how to classify these complex
3D images of reefs. Researchers used a video game called NeMO-Net (http://nemonet.info) to harness the power of
citizen scientists to generate training data sets. As players explore virtual underwater worlds, they can learn about
and classify coral species, and their classification labels are then used to train NeMO-Net’s CNN. To date, the game
has reached over 300 million people in less than a year since its release. ST

SEA TECHNOLOGY
I NCLUDING U NDER S EA T ECHNOLOGY
® editorial
The Industry’s Recognized Authority Jamie McMichael-Phillips, Project Director, Seabed 2030
for Design, Engineering and
The Pursuit of a Complete

Application of Equipment
and Services in the
Global Ocean Community
Charles H. Bussmann
Founder and Publisher 1924-1999
Map of the Ocean Floor
publisher
managing editor
production manager
C. Amos Bussmann
Aileen Torres-Bennett
Russell S. Conward
N ow in its fourth year, The Nippon Foundation-GEBCO Seabed 2030 Proj-
ect is the accelerator in the initiative to deliver the definitive and com-
plete map of the world’s ocean. When Seabed 2030 was launched by Yohei
assistant design/ Joshua Ortega Sasakawa, chairman of The Nippon Foundation, at the UN Ocean Conference
website manager
in 2017, only 6 percent of the world’s ocean floor had been mapped to an
advertising Susan M. Ingle Owen
service manager
adequate resolution. Today, that figure stands at 19 percent—just under a fifth
of the world’s entire seabed.
ADVERTISING REPRESENTATIVES: Seabed 2030 is a collaboration between The Nippon Foundation, Japan’s
HEADQUARTERS largest private philanthropic organization, and the General Bathymetric Chart
C. Amos Bussmann
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of the Oceans (GEBCO). GEBCO, operating under the auspices of the Interna-
Arlington, VA 22203-1553 tional Hydrographic Organization and the Intergovernmental Oceanographic
Tel: (703) 524-3136
Commission of UNESCO, has more than a century of experience in ocean-
[email protected]
floor mapping and is the only intergovernmental organization with a mandate
EASTERN U.S.A. & CANADA/G.O.M. to map the entire ocean floor. The project’s mission is to compile all existing
Ray Mahr, Jr.
KRK Consultants Ltd. bathymetric data into the freely available GEBCO digital map and identify
17476 Slipper Shell Way, Ste. 6 areas for which no data exist to inform future mapping expeditions. This ambi-
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tious initiative is driven by a strong motivation to empower the world to make
[email protected] policy decisions, use the ocean sustainably and undertake scientific research
WESTERN U.S.A. & CANADA
based on detailed bathymetric information of the Earth’s seafloor.
John Sabo It is clear—especially while acknowledging that the ocean covers more
Barbara Sabo than 70 percent of the Earth’s surface—that there is an increasingly urgent
Gregory Sabo
John Sabo Associates need for a complete bathymetric map. A complete map will enable us to tack-
447 Herondo St. #305 le pressing challenges of our time, including globalization and how it has led
Hermosa Beach, CA 90254
Tel: (310) 374-2301 to exponential growth in ocean business. Such valuable data will support our
[email protected] efforts to ensure marine resources are used sustainably and that coastal com-
EUROPE
munities are protected. Underwater topography is also fundamental to the cir-
John Gold culation of ocean currents and associated effects on climate change, weather
John F. Gold & Associates
“Highview”
systems, tides, and tsunami wave propagation. Seabed mapping is vital for
18a Aultone Way the security, safety and economic health not only of nation states but, most
Sutton, Surrey, SM1 3LE, England importantly, for the benefit of humanity. To this end, Seabed 2030 supports the
Phone/FAX Nat’l: 020-8641-7717
Int’l: +44-20-8641-7717 UN’s Sustainable Development Goal 14: to “conserve and sustainably use the
[email protected] oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development.”
Crucial to the success of Seabed 2030 are its valuable partnerships with
organizations, across all sectors of society, which play a key role in the pur-
suit of bathymetric data. Since its launch, the effort to complete the map of
Sea Technology back issues available on microform. the world’s ocean has gathered significant momentum, and Seabed 2030 has
Contact: NA Publishing, Inc.
P.O. Box 998, Ann Arbor, MI 48106-0998
formed over 150 partnerships to date. The project actively continues to seek
1-800-420-6272 further collaborations. Seabed 2030 comprises four Regional Centers and a
COMPASS PUBLICATIONS, INC.
Global Center. The Regional Centers are responsible for championing map-
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www.sea-technology.com Oceans, and the South and West Pacific Ocean. The Regional Centers feed
publishers of: data products into the Global Center, which is responsible for producing and
Sea Technology
Commercial Fisheries News delivering centralized GEBCO products, such as bathymetric grids.
Fish Farming News The race is on to map the remaining 80 percent of the ocean as Seabed
Commercial Marine Directory
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2030 enters its final decade, coinciding with the UN Decade of Ocean Sci-
Sea Technology Buyers Guide/Directory ence, which recognizes Seabed 2030 as an important initiative. On January
Sea Tech e-News 1, 2021, the Schmidt Ocean Institute—a Seabed 2030 partner—collected the
Celebrating more than 57 years first public seafloor data of the new year and the UN Decade. This is a testa-
of serving the global ocean community ment to how the project intends to use the time left to produce the definitive
- Since 1963 - map of the seabed. ST
AI Expands Reach of SDB
Machine Learning, ICESat-2 Enhance Satellite-Derived Bathymetry
By Kyle Goodrich • Ross Smith
S atellite-derived bathymetry (SDB) technology has

been improved and applied more substantially in the
past three years than in the previous two decades, pri-
Technology, June 2020). Its goal was to leverage machine
learning to expand SDB beyond clear, calm waters into
more dynamic, turbid coastal environments.
marily due to increasingly accessible machine learning As several key components of the research came to
algorithms, scalable computing power, a multitude of fruition, TCarta set its sights on Alaska. SDB had rarely
satellites orbiting the Earth, and a new source of valida- been applied successfully in this state due to a combina-
tion data. Today, SDB is applicable in water conditions tion of factors, of which water clarity is just one. NOAA
and geographic areas once considered entirely unsuit- awarded SBIR grants to TCarta in 2020 and 2021 to
able for the technology. adapt and modernize SDB techniques and incorporate
Credit for these recent advancements must also be new sensor capabilities for Alaska and the Arctic region.
attributed to funding by the U.S. government. In 2018, This article describes the latest progress from Project
the National Science Foundation (NSF) awarded a Small Trident and the current state of play for SDB in northern
Business Innovation Research (SBIR) grant to TCarta Ma- latitudes.
rine of Denver, Colorado, to initiate Project Trident (Sea
What is SDB?
SDB technology extracts water
depth measurements from satel-
lite imagery at lower cost and with
fewer restrictions than ship-borne
sonar or airborne LiDAR. SDB
algorithms are applied to what
is called “multispectral” optical
satellite imagery. Multispectral
means the onboard sensor mea-
sures natural energy reflectance
from features on the Earth’s sur-
face in many wavelengths, usual-
ly visible red, green and blue, as
well as near infrared.
Seafloor sand waves offshore Mono-

moy Island, Cape Cod, shown in a
2-m resolution bathymetric surface
produced from WorldView imagery
and validated using ICESat-2 space-
based laser bathymetry.

SDB is now a commercial technology, and TCarta
routinely generates SDB products with bathymetric point Global status of space-based laser bathymetry extraction
values spaced less than a meter apart on the seafloor to using an automated deep-learning model. To date, 55,399
ICESat-2 ground tracks have been processed, comprising an
depths of 20 m, depending on water clarity and turbidity.
estimated 35 percent of the archive. Inset image displays a
In extremely clear water, measurements down to 30 m typical seafloor elevation profile extracted from ICESat-2
are reliably produced. The accuracy of these data sets is ATL03 data.
typically 10 to 20 percent of water depth.
The same filtering could be accomplished with the na-
Enhancing SDB with ML and ICESat-2 ked eye but would literally have taken years compared
SDB processing of multispectral imagery has primar- to what ML can do in minutes in the cloud or on a com-
ily involved application of two algorithms: Band Ratio puter equipped with an AI-capable graphics processing
and Radiative Transfer. Both are mathematical calcula- unit (GPU).
tions that rely on visible light passing through the water The automated ML image filtering was a success and,
column and reflecting off the seafloor. The drawback, of in many cases, returned not one, but dozens or even
course, has always been the fact that light doesn’t pen- hundreds of suitably clear images. With the capability
etrate murky, sediment-loaded waters in many dynamic to analyze the full archive of available imagery, TCarta’s
coastal environments. technicians found a substantial advantage when the ML
With the NSF-funded Project Trident, TCarta saw method was scaled to use not just one good image, but to
supervised machine learning (ML) as a solution to this identify suitable individual pixels within multiple imag-
problem on many fronts. Explained simply, supervised es that could be used for SDB processing. These filtering
ML uses verified training data to teach the computer to techniques are referred to as pixel-wise and image-wise.
recognize similar features or patterns in other compara- TCarta remote sensing scientists also worked on en-
ble data sets. It is important to note that the current ML hancing the SDB process itself. The team customized a
renaissance has been made possible by widespread and common ML-based decision tree algorithm called Ran-
affordable availability of the massive computing power dom Forest and adapted it for extraction of water depths
required to run the iterative ML algorithms in reasonable from the multispectral images. Random Forest thus be-
periods of time. came an SDB calculation complementary to Band Ratio
The underlying premise of Project Trident was that and Radiative Transfer.
coastal zones known for their cloudy, turbid waters tradi- The Colorado firm then upended the entire SDB work-
tionally deemed unsuitable for SDB likely experience at flow. Rather than apply one algorithm to a single satellite
least a few days of water clarity each year. It was simply a image, they created composite images of the best pixels.
matter of collecting satellite imagery, or finding imagery Then they leveraged the power of cloud computing to
already acquired, on those rare days. process multiple SDB algorithms on every suitable pix-
This is where imagery from the European Sentinel-2 el selected by the filtering. This meant dozens of water
satellite came into play. This satellite collects imagery depth calculations were typically made for each point on
constantly, building an archive of hundreds of images for the seafloor that was visible in the imagery.
each spot on the Earth’s surface since its 2015 launch. Highly accurate bathymetric values were then deter-
More importantly, the data are available globally for free. mined by combining the results of the multiple calcula-
TCarta technicians created ML-based software to au- tions. While initially developed and deployed on Senti-
tomatically search the Sentinel-2 archive and select those nel 2 imagery, these same techniques and methods can
coastal images with water quality appropriate for SDB. be applied to any optical imaging satellites.

The 32,000 mi. of the Alaskan shore-
line are turbid and highly dynamic
(top inset) and pose both a surveying
challenge and an opportunity for SDB
through precise planning and deploy-
ment of multiple space-based surveying
approaches (bottom inset).
extracted from Sentinel-2 and ICE-

Sat-2 data. G-SDB data sets contain
bathymetric measurements from 0 to
20 m generally and up to depths of
30 m, depending on water clarity, at
10-m resolution. The depth values for
every 10-m pixel are the combined
result of numerous measurements,
resulting in accuracy within 10 per-
cent of depth or less. G-SDB will be
Enter ICESat-2 available globally for all oceans and seas, as well as large
An addition to the SDB workflow came with the 2018 freshwater lakes where water conditions permit.
launch of the NASA ICESat-2 (Ice Cloud & land Elevation) Applying the results of Project Trident, the Office of
satellite carrying a laser altimeter, or LiDAR, designed for Coast Survey at NOAA contracted TCarta to deploy the
measuring the thickness of sea ice, glaciers and tree can- technology to produce 2-m resolution SDB using World-
opies. The ICESat-2 data proved extremely adept at deter- View imagery for two historically difficult areas of West-
mining elevation points for the seafloor at 0.7-m intervals ern Lake Michigan and around Cape Cod and Nantucket
with centimeter-level accuracy to depths of 30 m. Sound, where natural forces alter the underwater terrain
Although not applicable for broad-area mapping due faster than traditional bathymetric surveys can be com-
to the large gaps between measurement lines, the free pleted. SDB is being considered as a fast and inexpensive
data were ideal as a ground truth data set for Project Tri- alternative for such coastal zones.
dent. Scalable and global extraction and application of
these data may be the single most important SDB tech- Fine-Tuning SDB for Alaska
nology breakthrough of the research. Mapping Alaska’s coastal waters became a priority for
TCarta integrated the satellite LiDAR data into its SDB NOAA in December 2019 with the issuance of a Presi-
workflow in two important ways. First, ICESat-2 bathy- dential Memorandum that resulted in the development
metric measurements were employed as training data of the Alaska Coastal Mapping Strategy and cites SDB as
sets for the ML-based Random Forest algorithm. Then a key technology for surveying the 32,000 mi. of Alaskan
after the elevation extraction processing was complete, shoreline.
the team used ICESat-2 points to validate the accuracy of In 2020, NOAA awarded an SBIR grant to TCarta to
overall SDB calculations, reducing uncertainty in derived research and deploy multiple SDB techniques and ap-
water depth values. proaches for Alaska. The Arctic region was considered
As a result of Project Trident, TCarta has generated almost impossible for SDB implementation due to a
bathymetric maps for coastlines where water conditions multitude of factors. Coastal waters there are extremely
had traditionally thwarted SDB application. These areas dynamic, carrying excessive sediment loads, not to men-
include the Korean Peninsula, Greenland, Arctic Canada tion sea ice, nearly year-round. Additionally, months of
and New England in the U.S. The depth and accuracy of darkness and frequent cloud cover thwart image collec-
these locations can now equal those that SDB has previ- tion by optical satellites.
ously delivered in clear, calm water. The goals of the NOAA Phase Two grant is to deter-
The research culminated in the launch of a new mine how best to deploy SDB techniques in Alaska and
Global Satellite-Derived Bathymetry (G-SDB) product investigate whether the ML algorithms and pixel-wise fil-
tering techniques can be refined
for use with higher-resolution
commercial imaging satellites in
Arctic waters. Even more ambi-
tious, TCarta scientists hope to
create composite bathymetric
surfaces composed of the best
combined pixels from multiple
different satellite sensors.
In the first phase of the re-
search, the project is focused on
determining when is the optimal
time to capture imagery for the
most accurate SDB surfaces and
comparison of accuracy across
multiple optical satellite sensors.
Timing of imagery collection
with the tidal phases is para-
mount in Alaska due to the sig-
nificant range and because the
best images for use in SDB are
captured in sync with incoming
tides. This is preferable because
the maximum tidal zone is ex-
posed and the water is shallow
farther out, allowing SDB to mea-
sure depths at a greater distance
Scalable cloud-based deployment of satel-
from the shore. The incoming
lite-derived bathymetry algorithms provide
tide typically has better clarity the potential to survey broad areas rapid-
because it brings in clearer ocean ly and accurately. In the Red Sea, 17,000
water and carries less sediment images were assessed and compiled into a
runoff from the land. seamless bathymetry model using multiple
The second phase of the SDB algorithms.
Alaska research is to determine
when—or if—optical imagery
suitable for SDB processing has
been or will be acquired for
coastal Alaska. Between the tidal and environmental View pixels, for example. Assimilation will also be re-
conditions, TCarta knows the likely collection window quired when SDB processing is applied to stacks of pixels
is so small that it will not find a treasure trove of hun- from multiple different satellites.
dreds, or even dozens, of appropriate images in existing TCarta is confident that it will make significant head-
archives. way in determining which satellite sensors, or combina-
To increase the chances of obtaining the necessary tions thereof, have the greatest potential for capturing
high-quality imagery, TCarta is once again applying its SDB-quality data. Moreover, the researchers also expect
ML-based search capabilities to review images and in- to have begun piecing together a predictive schedule of
dividual pixels acquired by high-resolution optical satel- when the image acquisitions should occur for specific
lite programs: MAXAR’s WorldView and Planet’s SkySat, parts of the Alaskan coast. Optimism is tempered by the
most notably. They are also beginning to incorporate hy- possibility that suitable images will never be acquired for
perspectral imagery—covering broader wavelengths— some areas due to extreme conditions.
from Satellogic, a new provider in commercial remote Where applicable images—or pixels—are acquired,
sensing. however, TCarta plans to begin processing them in the
The remote sensing scientists realize they may end refined Project Trident SDB workflow by summer 2022.
up with a combination of SDB-worthy images and pix- Again, optimism is modest with expectations suggesting
els from multiple sensors to process together to calculate that SDB, if it is successful at all, may produce results in
water depth in small coastal areas. depths of only 8 to 12 m and limited to 3 to 5 m in some
With this in mind, TCarta had developed a process to locations.
assimilate radiometric response to compensate for sensor Areas will remain where clear water conditions never
differences among the various satellite systems. This will exist. But these data and information results will have a
enable the ML filtering algorithms to make apples-to-ap- high degree of confidence and will represent an improve-
ples comparisons among Planet, Satellogic and World- ment over what is available now for many coastal zones.
A secondary, yet important
outcome of the Alaska research
is that by using information
from multiple satellites, TCarta
will be able to predict when
and where coastal water clari-
ty is best in the state on a daily
basis. The Colorado firm has
plans for a web portal for ac-
cessing these insights in sup-
port of NOAA’s hydrographic
surveying operations so the
agency can better plan where
to deploy LiDAR mapping air-
craft in the region. LiDAR, like
SDB, depends on clear water
for highly accurate subsurface
data collection.
There is no one best solu- Scalable extraction processes through deep-learning appli-
tion for surveying coastal wa- cations and integrated multi-sensor SDB methods developed
ter, particularly remote and under Project Trident. This area contains 15,971 extracted
dynamic areas like Alaska, but space-based laser tracks, displayed as black lines, totaling
134.2 million individual depth retrievals.
by combining the recent ad-
vancements in SDB technology
with the new and next-generation surveying coastal waters in Arctic ect Trident and the precision col-
space-based sensors along with ma- conditions. lection and combination of sensors
chine learning and cloud computa- Through both the broad and au- for Alaskan waters, TCarta has de-
tion, there is great potential for SDB tomated approach to global SDB veloped and deployed a multitude
to address in part the challenge of that TCarta developed under Proj- of next-generation approaches to
satellite-derived bathymetry that
address the global need for coastal
bathymetry. ST
Kyle Goodrich is the president and founder

of TCarta Marine and has a 19-year career in
geospatial services. Since founding TCarta in
2008, he has led numerous geospatial product
research and development plans, including the
development and commercialization of sat-
ellite-derived bathymetry, stereo photogram-
metric bathymetry, a global aggregation and
assimilation of multi-source bathymetry data
and global vector shoreline. As principal inves-
tigator in TCarta’s National Science Foundation
Small Business Innovation Research Phase Two
Project Trident, Goodrich is leading the com-
mercialization of the technology arising from
the grant research.
Ross Smith began his geospatial career in 2011

as an infantry sergeant, leading Company Op-
erations Intelligence Support Team operations
in support of Operation Enduring Freedom XI-
XII. Now serving as TCarta’s technical project
manager, Smith leads technical research and
development of new marine geoprocessing and
remote sensing technologies under TCarta’s Na-
tional Science Foundation Small Business Inno-
vation Research program and NASA’s ICESat-2
Applied Users Program. Smith is also a United
States Geospatial Intelligence Foundation mem-
ber and certified geospatial intelligence profes-
sional.

AUVs Making Real-Time Decisions
The Solution to Object Detection Challenges for Autonomous Vehicles
By Dr. Arjuna Balasuriya • Anya Wintner • Karen Pfautz
Y ou’re a marine roboticist, white-knuckling the edge

of your seat on a boat in choppy waters, staring in-
tently at the waterproof laptop you had to tape down to
which had to be manually reviewed, georegistered and
analyzed by scientists once the vehicle reached the sur-
face. That is, AUVs could only “play fetch” with data;
keep it from sliding off the table. You’re tracking a small, problematic, considering the cost of launching second-
uncrewed drone as it maneuvers ahead, far below you, ary missions. Not only does it cost more money, it takes
hopefully gathering data that will clear the area so it’s longer, and it’s riskier—making it easier for a covert oper-
safe for you to explore. After hours of waiting, your heart ation to be detected, or risking damage to equipment and
leaps as the nose of the vehicle breaks the surface. It’s jeopardizing crew needing to operate longer in rough
brought on board and wired up to your laptop…and your seas.
heart sinks as the inconclusive data filter in. The drone
will need a second, more targeted pass to identify the An Onboard Solution
potential problem objects it’s spotted. Moving the industry forward calls for smart, real-time
Until very recently, this was a common story for those automated target recognition (ATR) that can overcome
using AUVs. Initially, AUVs could only collect raw data, these challenges. There’s progress on this front: AutoTRap
Launching a UUV with AutoTRap Onboard.

Barriers to Underwater
Object Detection
The problems encountered by AUVs
attempting to correctly detect and classi-
fy underwater objects have made it diffi-
cult to realize their potential. The biggest
challenge is the data itself. The nature of
water as a medium means that acoustic
imaging (sonar) is often the only viable
option. Unfortunately, sonar data are vi-
sually noisy, and targets and nontargets
can look virtually identical
to an untrained eye.
The information shown
in sonar data can also be,
simply, wrong. Sound is a
pressure wave, and water is
an imperfect medium that
moves and varies in densi-
ty, temperature and salinity.
Any one of these shifts can
bend sound waves, causing
a target’s actual location to
appear in an entirely differ-
ent place on a sonar image.
AutoTRap Onboard helps
AUVs overcome these challenges; it accurately interprets
(Top) Charles River Analytics has been developing the in- noisy sonar imagery and generates machine-readable re-
novations behind AutoTRap Onboard under U.S. Navy con- ports for detected objects that include type/class, relative
tracts since 2005, recently partnering with Teledyne to test and absolute location, and spatial extent. These reports
and deploy it on Teledyne’s market-leading line of AUVs. enable downstream autonomy systems to respond in real
AutoTRap Onboard is now extensible to other platforms. time, letting them navigate around an obstacle, or retask
(Bottom) Sonar data reveal the difficulty of performing ob- for a closer look at an interesting object. Its advanced
ject detection—rocks and natural features of the seafloor recognition and computation abilities will increase mis-
look almost indistinguishable from manmade objects to the
sion efficiency and provide instant gains for teams re-
naked eye.
covering lost shipping containers, inspecting underwater
pipelines, and accurately mapping the seafloor.
Onboard delivers real-time, actionable information on Lost Shipping Containers

an AUV’s embedded hardware. As soon as it identifies According to the World Shipping Council, an average
an object of interest in the stream of incoming sensor im- of 1,582 containers are lost at sea each year. In addition
agery, AutoTRap sends a message to the “brains” of the to lost cargo, these metal behemoths disrupt the ecosys-
AUV—the autonomy software it uses to make decisions, tem on the seafloor, are dangerous to small vessels when
like rerouting for a closer look at an interesting (or sus- they float just below the surface, and sometimes contain
picious) object. On an AUV equipped with an acoustic hazardous waste that further disrupts the failing balance
communications transmitter, AutoTRap can communi- in our oceans.
cate interesting object detections in real time to a surface This makes recovery missions extremely important,
ship or to other AUVs working the area. but retrieving containers takes a significant amount of
“The manual waterfall processing of sonar data is a time and money, with no guarantee they’ll be found. The
real killer of efficiency in mission time,” explained Kar- autonomous decision making enabled by AutoTRap On-
en Harper, president of Charles River Analytics. “Drones board could make a major difference in this process.
have to be deployed and recovered, and the data down-
loaded and processed. All that manual processing means Pipeline Inspection
it can be hours or even days between missions. Adding Oil and gas are delivered through an extensive net-
AutoTRap Onboard to an AUV allows it all to happen in work of pipelines stretching thousands of miles across
real time and lets customers leverage one deployment the seafloor. Subsea pipelines are vulnerable to a variety
to execute multiple steps of the search-detect-classify-re- of damage, with corrosion and collision (vessel, anchor
acquire chain. For our U.S. Navy customers using this and trawl nets) among the most common. Since these
tech to find targets, it turns three days of missions into pipelines typically carry hazardous substances, leaks
one night.” can be extremely harmful to the seafloor and surround-

full understanding of our oceans and how to keep them
functioning.
AutoTRap Onboard’s target detector and target classifier
locate and recognize objects of interest in real time; no The Innovation: Deep Learning
more need to perform the time-consuming and error-prone And Military De-Noising Tech
task of manually analyzing sonar data. Real-time contact AutoTRap Onboard applies recent advances in
alerts provide an object’s type, confidence of detection and deep-learning object detection to locate and classify
position to any downstream system, such as the vehicle’s
objects in sonar data. It also incorporates shadow-based
navigation, control or mapping software.
classification to delineate objects.
For example, an object to the AUV’s side shows up
as a shiny reflection, representing a strong signal. Simi-
ing wildlife. To catch issues, subsea pipelines require fre- lar to light, a sound wave does not actually go through
quent monitoring. With thousands of miles to traverse at the object; rather, it reflects, creating a “sound shadow.”
depths up to 9,500 ft., this is a job for AUVs, not humans. The length of this shadow correlates to the height of the
AutoTRap Onboard’s improved detection capabilities object. Data-driven deep-learning methods can also pull
will make the inspection process far more efficient; an detailed geometric characteristics from these sonar shad-
AUV no longer needs to surface and have its data read ows and use them for object classification.
by experts. Instead, AutoTRap Onboard can pass a target To support a wide range of potential targets and cus-
location to navigation software, which directs the AUV tomers—the U.S. Navy looking for targets, the shipping
for a closer inspection with different sensor modalities. industry looking for lost shipping containers, oil and gas
It can also send image snippets of interesting objects to stakeholders needing intact pipelines to transport their
the surface for operators to review while it continues to product, police searching for submerged human forms,
survey the pipeline. With such a large network of pipes etc.—Charles River Analytics provides services to train
on the seafloor and the frequency with which they are AutoTRap Onboard on new targets using data provid-
checked, this increase in efficiency will be invaluable. ed by the customer. These data are added to the target
library, then machine learning and convolutional neural
Seafloor Mapping networks are used to train the target detector and clas-
Comprehensively mapping the seafloor has become sifier. AutoTRap Onboard’s architecture is designed to
critical as changes to the environment bring our oceans accommodate different imaging sensors, including side
closer to environmental failure. The United Nations’ 14th scan, synthetic aperture and new types of forward-look-
Sustainable Development Goal emphasizes the need for ing sonar.
improved ocean management. In 2017, the United Na- The latest version of AutoTRap Onboard also includes
tions Ocean Conference estimated that only 6 percent of algorithms developed by Charles River Analytics for the
the seafloor was properly mapped. U.S. military that directly generate much clearer sonar
That number has since risen to 20 percent, driven by pictures from the raw data than those generated by the
a massive and international collaborative effort. A full current leading software.
map of the seafloor will support safe navigation in the AutoTRap Onboard’s accurate detection in the chal-
deep ocean, enabling scientific missions on resource lenging underwater environment supports real-time
management and habitat research. AutoTRap Onboard autonomous behavior for faster, more efficient and less
can greatly improve scientists’ ability to accurately and costly mission operations. Without real-time object de-
safely generate deep-sea maps, bringing us closer to a tection, the AUV just “plays fetch”—collecting sonar

AutoTRap Onboard’s image generator
delivers higher fidelity seafloor images
from raw sonar data.
data and returning them to the surface for analysis. En- safely navigate deep below the surface turbulence to a
hanced autonomy and real-time detection mean that the new meetup point.
AUV’s navigation and control software can now make
more effective decisions on its own. An AUV with Auto- Latest Results
TRap Onboard can reroute from its original mission for a AutoTRap Onboard has run multiple tests with Tele-
closer look at an object it detected, increasing the accu- dyne Gavia, with exciting results. Version 1.0 was re-
racy of detection on a single deployment. leased last year and tested in Boston Harbor and off the
AutoTRap Onboard reduces mission cost and time be- coast of Iceland. Results included a 90 percent detec-
cause the AUV can accomplish more complex mission tion rate on truncated conical objects on a rocky volca-
goals in a single deployment. Mission resilience increas- nic seafloor, but with more false positives than the team
es, especially in unfavorable environmental conditions wanted to see.
such as rough seas, when deploying an AUV multiple To enhance performance, Version 1.1 starts with
times can be challenging. By reducing the number of the sonar data coming into the system, bypassing data
launch and recovery cycles, teams can save power and streams where the data are altered by third-party software
search a wider area, moving the surface ship out of a designed to optimize the data for other AUV functions.
storm’s path, for example, knowing that the AUV will Instead, it applies Charles River’s own processing algo-

rithms to the raw data feed, optimizing the image for researched by different teams within Charles River An-
target detection. It also has an expanded data set from alytics.
testing in the North Sea, Mediterranean and Boston Har- As it stands, AutoTRap Onboard is a game-changer
bor. Having diverse geography in the data set on which for true and assured autonomy. With a smarter AUV that
AutoTRap Onboard’s neural networks are trained is im- can reroute on its own, plus send updates and receive
portant because operating environments vary greatly; the guidance without surfacing, teams will be confident that
Mediterranean is largely sand with clear water, while the their vehicle can get the job done and reap the bene-
Icelandic coast is littered with rocks very similar to target fits of increased efficiency and lower cost of underwater
objects, all sitting in murky water filled with particulate. missions. ST
Between the additions to the training data set and di-
rect access to the raw data, we expect false positive rates
to go down significantly. More testing was planned for
May, weather permitting, with yet another test launch
planned for September, which will occur off the coast
of Portugal.
What’s Next? Dr. Arjuna Balasuriya has served as chief sci-

AutoTRap Onboard represents a big step forward in entist on anti-submarine warfare and mine
countermeasures research cruises and has pub-
AUV and ATR development, but of course, the question lished more than 100 papers on sensing and au-
arises: What’s next? tomation. As a senior scientist at Charles River
In addition to AutoTRap’s immediate applications, Analytics, he oversees R&D efforts related to ma-
rine robotics and ocean acoustic sensing.
the field of ATR is nearing what many consider science
fiction. In 10 years, there could be a hivemind of AUVs
chatting back and forth as they carefully grid their way
across the seafloor.
A low battery would no longer be a reason to return to
Anya Wintner is a science writer at Charles River Analytics.
the surface; instead, a vehicle could head toward a deep
thermal vent to recharge on its own, for example. Karen Pfautz manages marketing and content services for Charles River
Swarm and recharge technologies are already being Analytics.
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PMBES Enables Efficient Survey
Multibeam-Like Echosounder for Full Coverage of Rivers, Reservoirs
By Dr. Ephraim Friedli • Francisco J. Gutiérrez
T he division of Hydro & Biomass of the Axpo Group in

Baden, Switzerland, deals with a wide range of wa-
ter bodies, such as shallow rivers and deep reservoirs in 250-kHz PMBES data collected during the GeoSwath 4 sys-
the mountains. One similarity is that all of them require tem and software training at a river dam, immediately after
the survey, online filters only.
monitoring for many reasons, including: to judge the in-
tegrity of structures within the water bodies, determine
sedimentation and erosion, and calculate the volume of formed with the same PMBES system in two radically dif-
the reservoir. By deploying echosounders, one can gather ferent water bodies: a shallow river (less than 15 m deep)
valuable information and address these tasks. and a deep Alpine reservoir (more than 100 m deep).
In the past, this work was carried out with single-beam
echosounders. Depending on the task, a dense grid of Tools and Methodology
profiles at a defined spacing was acquired, with the draw- The main instrumentation used in this work was a
backs of a long acquisition time or having no information 250-kHz PMBES GeoSwath 4R, manufactured by Geo-
about the surface adjacent to the measured profiles. By Acoustics Ltd. (Great Yarmouth, U.K.), integrated with an
deploying a phase-measuring bathymetric echosounder inertial navigation system (INS) Seapath 130 and MRU
(PMBES), with its multibeam-like features, one can over- H, manufactured by Kongsberg Seatex AS (Trondheim,
come this and collect detailed, full-coverage information Norway), and a MiniSVS sound velocity sensor, man-
about the bottom’s surface and, thus, get a clearer picture ufactured by Valeport Ltd. (Totnes, U.K.). Real-time ki-
of the processes that are happening. nematics (RTK) accuracy heights were used as tide and
This article describes the tools and methodology used sound velocity profiles (SVP) were taken along the survey
to undertake such a wide range of tasks. Additionally, to account and compensate for refraction in the water
we discuss the challenges and results of two surveys per- column.

Setup of the 250-kHz GeoSwath 4R and
Seapath 130-5+ mounted on a boat for
survey of an Alpine reservoir.
In the first instance, the methodology consists of the GNSS-antennas is mounted, as well as metal rods
pre-survey checks (installation-noise debugging and RTK to stabilize the system and prevent pole oscillations in
accuracy checking) and the optimization of the PMBES the port-starboard axis of the boat. Two tensioned strops
parameters. This all aims to maximize quality and effi- lock the pole in place in the fore-aft axis and prevent
ciency before proceeding with the survey. vibrations. The remaining equipment is set up in water-
A key element in this methodology is the application proof boxes within the boat. The correction signal for the
of online filters to the raw bathymetry data during the RTK-GNSS solution can be obtained in two ways, either
survey, producing virtually clean data immediately after directly from a national geopositional service (e.g., SWI-
the survey. The subproduct at this stage is a set of clean POS in Switzerland) or by a mobile reference station set
point clouds that can be used to produce a digital terrain up on a known point. As receiving a correction signal
model (DTM) and acoustic imagery of the survey area. from a national service usually requires a GSM network,
which is not always available at remote locations, both
Setup, Deployment and Configuration correction methods are equally useful.
Although comprising the same instrumentation, the
setup is flexible, as it must be adapted to a wide range of Pre- and Post-Survey Accuracy Checks
opportunity survey vessels, which sometimes have to be Before the survey starts, the accuracy of the record-
airlifted to the survey site. ed RTK-GNSS height is validated by comparing it to
The setup inside the boat consists of a flat, rigid, wood- the height of the water level measured with an external
en platform, on which the pole that holds the PMBES and geodetic GNSS receiver. In addition to this, a second in-

All your data
in no time.
Side-scan sonar mosaic
and interferometric
bathymetry, Plymouth, UK.
Delph Geo Software:

Standard data formats
Ultra efficient processing workflow
Multi-sensor data interpretation
Smart and intuitive interface
surveyor to produce preliminary digital terrain models
and evaluate the quality of the acquired data quickly in
the field.
250-kHz PMBES data of a 1.8-km-long reservoir (bottom) Once in the office, the real-time processed data are
and detail of the original riverbed (right). Top: dam wall ba- reprocessed in GS4, hands-off, to incorporate RTK tide
thymetry and separation w.r.t. original CAD model (yellow and SVP corrections.
< 30 cm; green < 20 cm). At the end of that stage, the data are imported into
a second piece of software, AutoClean, manufactured
by BeamworX (Utrecht, Netherlands), for more detailed
quality control and further filtering if necessary. This soft-
dependent measurement of the water level height, with ware allows a systematic and reproducible approach to
centimetric accuracy, is provided by the company man- the final accepted point cloud, which is vital in monitor-
aging the reservoir. ing applications.
Once the system is deployed, the next step is to char- The GNU General Public Licensed software Cloud-
acterize and optimize the noise baseline by identifying Compare is used for rendering. The software allows the
and removing, or at least minimizing, any sources of rendering of vertical structures (dam wall), as well as the
acoustic and electrical noise. That produces an optimal river or reservoir basins, producing excellent results.
signal-to-noise-ratio PMBES measurement. The final step in the workflow relies on the use of Au-
Finally, a short survey inspecting a significant area todesk AutoCAD to extract sections that are compared to
should be done to decide on the optimal operation set- prior measurements and to calculate volumes, e.g., sed-
tings: acoustic source level, range resolution, receiver iment volume for dredging or water volume for reservoir
gain and swath width. At this point, the system is ready management.
for an efficient, high-quality survey.
Shallow-Water Example
Data Processing Workflow A typical example in shallow waters is the surveying
GeoSwath 4 PMBES uses the proprietary software of river dams and the adjacent areas. Monitoring the
GS4 for configuration, survey planning, online filtering, transport of materials and siltation is a routine task. The
data logging, data processing, gridding and mosaicing. It deployment of a PMBES allows the analysis of these ef-
is an all-in-one suite that is used through the first part of fects in more detail, removing the need for interpolation
the workflow. between profiles, as is the case when using a single-beam
As mentioned before, a key approach for an efficient echosounding system.
process includes the use of online filters during data ac- As well as the riverbed, monitoring the river floor di-
quisition. The aim is twofold: on one side, data outliers rectly in front and behind the dam wall is essential. With
are flagged as unaccepted in real time, which produces a PMBES, it is possible to identify and quantify the scour-
virtually clean raw data; on the other side, it allows the ing that tends to occur at the foot of the dam wall due

to the strong currents, without the need to send down a the acquisition, as this results in poor position accura-
diver. cy. In such cases, checking the satellite almanac helps to
The PMBES system was used to survey a hydroelectric find the time slots with the best satellite constellation to
dam on the Rhein River at the border between Switzer- acquire data.
land and Germany in September 2020. Compared with
a single-beam system, the data acquired by the PMBES Conclusion
showed an accuracy greater than 5 cm at a depth of 10 In this article, it was demonstrated that a single 250-
m. kHz PMBES can be used to cover a wide range of survey
tasks: it was successfully deployed in a deepwater reser-
Deepwater Example voir, where the lake bottom was mapped at high density,
Examples of deepwater applications are encountered as well as in a shallow river. Comparisons with prior sin-
at Axpo’s Alpine reservoirs with depths of up to 150 m. gle-beam measurements and existing CAD data showed
Reservoirs are monitored to calculate sedimentation rates good agreement, better than 5 cm at 10-m depth in the
and storage volumes and to determine actions required river and better than 20 cm at 100-m depth in the deepest
for maintenance. In addition to the volume calcula- parts of the Alpine lake.
tion, the level of detail in the data allows observations Deploying PMBES allows monitoring of the sedimen-
of where sedimentation occurs and how the material is tation processes occurring at the bottom of water bodies
transported. It is even possible to identify parts of the old in good detail, and even tracking of material transport.
riverbed at the bottom of the lake in great detail. The methodology presented in this article is also val-
In October 2020, we conducted a survey with a max id for other environments and applications, like harbor
depth of 120 m. Comparisons with prior single-beam mapping and monitoring.
measurements show good agreement, with deviations A fundamental piece in the workflow is the applica-
below 20 cm at depths of 100 m and greater, where sed- tion of online filters during data collection. Future work
imentation has occurred, which confirms the accuracy of will try and incorporate the acoustic backscatter to the
the measurements. workflow, which will provide further information about
Although the reconstruction of the dam wall is not the the type of sediments lying on the bottom of rivers and
primary objective, it can be obtained almost complete- lakes.
ly with the PMBES system, which exceeds the expect-
ed maximum range of a 250-kHz system. A comparison Acknowledgments
with an existing CAD model from the wall showed devi- The authors would like to thank the colleagues at the
ations below 20 cm orthogonally to the wall for most of Axpo Group who supported us during the various mea-
the parts, even at the very bottom of the wall. surement campaigns. We also express our gratitude to
the customer support teams at GeoAcoustics Ltd. and
Survey Challenges Kongsberg Maritime GmbH (Hamburg, Germany) for
Due to the wide range of possible applications and their invaluable help.
deployment options, several challenges are encountered.
Sometimes, the shoreline and the shallowest areas References
with sand and gravel banks are of interest. The challeng- For a list of references, contact Ephraim Friedli at
es here are mainly due to acoustic multipath and inter- [email protected] and Francisco J. Gutiérrez at
ference: three interfaces (i.e., air, water and floor) of very [email protected]. ST
different acoustic impedance, very close to each other
and concurring.
In other cases, mapping critical structures at the foot
Dr. Ephraim Friedli is an engineering specialist
of a dam at 100-m water depth is required, which is only
at Axpo Power AG, responsible for the develop-
possible if the integration of all the system elements is ment of the bathymetric measurements within
faultless and the system is well calibrated. the division of Hydro & Biomass. Previously, he
Mapping the deeper areas, mostly consisting of non- worked as a scientific assistant at the Institute of
Geodesy and Photogrammetry at ETH Zurich,
compact fine sediments, is also a challenge as the re- where he obtained a doctoral degree.
turned echo signal is extremely weak, stressing the sys-
tem beyond the specification on many occasions.
Thus, each case requires careful planning and precise
configuration. As an example, when corners or a wall
Francisco J. Gutiérrez has an M.S. in physics and
have to be surveyed in a dam or harbor, it is advisable is a product specialist for the GeoSwath, PulSAR
to map them at different distances and angles to have and TOPAS systems of GeoAcoustics Ltd., where
enough redundancy and maximize the quality of the he has also worked as a product manager. He
data. This also helps to break the symmetry and solve the was previously a technologist for the Spanish
Research Council, an associate professor of elec-
phase ambiguity in situations where acoustic signals ar- tronics and a field application engineer for Texas
rive at the same time from two or more different positions Instruments Ltd.
at the same distance.
In some locations, poor satellite visibility complicates

ST Company Profile
Massa Products Corp.

More Than 75 Years Making History in Electroacoustics
By Dawn F. Massa Stancavish
ih
M assa Products Corp., founded in

1945 by industry pioneer Frank Massa, who
was dubbed “the father of modern sonar transducers”
of his class as a Swope fellow and went on
to earn his M.S. in electrical engineering at MIT. After
graduating, he eventually rose to become the head of
by Sea Technology in 1985, is a third-generation family government sound at Victor Talking Machine/RCA Victor/
business that continues to break the barriers of what’s RCA, and director of engineering at Brush Development.
possible with sound. This father-daughter run business is His early career efforts spearheaded the electroacous-
driven with a fierce innovative spirit. The company has tics industry, which greatly impacted the sound and re-
roots at the dawn of the electroacoustics industry. cording industry, sonar, and ultrasonics. He co-authored
the first-ever acoustic engineering textbook, “Applied
The Founder Acoustics” (Massa & Olson 1934). His patents and in-
The story of Frank Massa embodies the American ventions include those for numerous microphones, loud-
Dream. He is the mind behind revolutionizing the sound speakers, amplifiers and ultrasonic cleaners. At Brush
industry and developing the sonar transducers that Development, he led efforts to modernize and produce
helped the Allies win WWII. Frank was the first-born son the sonar transducers that were essential in the Allied
of Italian immigrants, and he learned English by going to victory in WWII.
school in Boston. His grandmother saved a jar of dimes After Frank’s storied early career, he continued to fol-
so that he might one day go to college. low his passions by creating a company where he would
Frank did go to college: He attended MIT on a full have the freedom to design and produce quality acoustic
academic scholarship. He graduated from MIT at the top products.

The RCA days: John Preston (Engineering Model
Shop) with Harry Olson and Frank Massa, the
co-authors of “Applied Acoustics.”
Evolution they sued and won. Massa Products Corp. bought back
The Massa story encompasses science, adventure, Massa Corp. in 1978 and returned to the 280 Lincoln
romance, loss, gain, failure, learning, reciprocity, family Street location, where the company remains.
and, of course, success. In the 2010s, Massa found itself in a similar crisis. This
My grandparents fell in love over science and met at time, my father and I faced management that was mis-
work at Victor Talking Machine. My grandmother typed aligned with the founding corporate culture. As a family
the manuscript for “Applied Acoustics” and all my grand- company, we do not take firings lightly—our philosophy
father’s patents. In 1945, they founded Massa Labs to- is to train people and give them the opportunity to correct
gether, where Frank was the engineer and businessman, their ways before they are let go. But despite multiple ef-
and Georgiana was the administrative facilitator. They forts, it became painfully clear we had to restructure the
started something remarkable, and they inspired friends, company in 2018. The founder’s mentality is important at
colleagues and family to join them. This is what it means Massa, and management at the time did not agree, which
to be entrepreneurial. They founded a business out of was harming the business internally and externally, so we
pure love: love of what it stood for, love of their work, restructured. I became COO and chief innovation officer,
and love for their family. and my father remained the president and CTO. We also
Despite the business being rooted in love, twice in brought back Dick Carpenter, a Massa lifer, from semi-re-
Massa’s history the business was nearly ruined because tirement to resume his former role as vice president to
of poor management by nonfamily members. help correct residual issues. Massa bounced back in a
In 1976, my father, Don Massa, and his father, Frank, matter of weeks as the culture was realigned with the
became frustrated with how management was running company’s business and innovation strategy.
Massa Corp. The quality was going down, and manage- Steve Woodaman, director of operations and acoustic
ment was not aligned with the Massa family. After several innovation engineer, stepped up in capability between
fruitless board meetings, the father-and-son duo went out 2018 and now, and has proven to be a rising talent at
on their own to form Massa Products Corp., with Don as Massa. Much of the day-to-day at the company is now
president. From 1976 to 1978, Massa Products Corp. and run by him and me. Our team assesses new opportunities
Massa Corp. were both operating, but Massa Corp. was from both technical and business perspectives and is able
heading toward bankruptcy, while Massa Products Corp. to provide innovative solutions for customers.
was thriving with breakthrough inventions and products;
one notable example was the automatic bowling scoring Latest Developments
system that Don designed and sold to AMF. When Massa As the company faced its 75th anniversary in 2020, it
Corp. illegally used patents owned by the Massa family, also had to contend with the COVID-19 global pandem-

(Left) Frank and Georgiana Massa at MIT. (Right) Donald P. Massa, Dawn F.
Massa Stancavish and Steve M. Woodaman in front of a plaque honoring the
company’s founder, Frank Massa, at the Hingham, Massachusetts, facility.
ic. In addition to the pandemic, Massa faced the largest managed with heightened care and urgency to provide
backlog in its history. Even though the world nearly came personal protective equipment, sanitizers, and a safe and
to a halt, Massa remained open at its facility in Hingham, clean environment to work. Fears were eased because
Massachusetts, as an “essential business” under both the the company acted quickly and conquered the challeng-
government’s “manufacturing” and “defense industrial es presented. Employees were grateful to have a job,
base” categories. Staying safely open was imperative relieved to be able to come into work, and proud that
for the existing business and government contracts. Al- their work was essential to the U.S. Navy. Massa, oper-
though it is a small business, Massa is able to work on a ating with over 95 percent of employees reporting to the
large amount of government programs at different levels facility since September 2020, has maintained a record
(prime and sub) while simultaneously working on indus- of zero on-site COVID-19 transmissions. Massa employs
trial/commercial programs. Massa’s fight was not just to more than 70 people.
remain open for itself; it was fighting to stay open to keep
our country safe during lockdown. Massa supplies most Passion Drives Innovation
of the sonar transducers used on the bow of Virginia-class Today, Massa is soaring to new heights and diving to
and other submarines. new depths with new technology, business and stories
To successfully remain open during times of nation- that are sure to resonate. In so doing, it has not aban-
al and international crisis, it takes a lot of extra effort, doned its history, knowledge or intellectual property;
planning and quick implementation of policy. Leader- rather, it has grown by continuing to learn and remain
ship goes into hyperdrive to make decisions in the best passionate about its work.
interest of the business and its employees. Massa, as a Any business that has been around for over 75 years
family company, considers employees members of the has its ups and downs, and people come and go, but
“extended Massa family,” therefore, the situation was Massa is unique as a third-generation family business;

Harold “Doc” Edgerton visiting with Frank and Don Massa at Massa Products Corp.
in Hingham. (Left) Harold “Doc” Edgerton on board after the Stellwagen Bank whale
study excursion.
only 12 percent of fam- loads/2017/08/Sea_Technology_November_1985.pdf).

ily businesses survive The article was read by Hilary Maybaum, then a graduate
into the third genera- student at the University of Hawaii. She contacted Massa
tion. In addition, Mas- to see if there was interest in using the sonar to study
sa also has the rare the mating patterns of humpback whales in Maui. Edg-
qualities of being a erton thought that would be fantastic, so he got another
small business and an grant from National Geographic for this purpose. I was
American manufac- only a young child when I had the chance to go to Maui
turer. According to the to study whales with the Massa team, University of Ha-
U.S. Census, in 2019, waii researchers and Edgerton. It’s an experience that has
the number of small stayed with me. I got to swim with the whales up close.
businesses dropped to I was able to see how the team recorded beautiful whale
28.8 million from 30.2 songs and hear them played on the boat. The thesis paper
million; only 254,941 that Maybaum wrote from the research she conducted on
of these are U.S. man- that trip became the first published paper on how whales
ufacturing companies. respond to sonar.
We have stayed in Today, I continue to help drive this innovative passion
business through a sto- internally and externally. As COO and chief innovation
ried history of innova- officer since September 2018, I have seen the company
tion. For example, the legendary engineer Harold “Doc” grow over 60 percent, with increased productivity, sales,
Edgerton was a lifelong friend to Frank Massa (having product development and community outreach. I believe
been in the same class at MIT) and a close friend of the growth in business can coincide with environmental
Massa family. In the 1980s, Edgerton was on Massa’s stewardship. All the groups in the oceanographic com-
board of directors and highly involved with whale re- munity share commonalities, and through positive work-
search. Doc spoke to Don Massa about Massa’s portable ing relationships, a balance can be achieved between
sonar and wondered if it could be used to find whales industry and conservation. Massa is a longstanding ex-
and to learn more about their behavior in the sea. Don, ample of how industry can use technology to enhance
who had worked in his early days as an engineer at the business while protecting and learning about marine life
Coast Guard Oceanographic Unit and later at Woods and habitats. ST
Hole Oceanographic Institution, was keen on the idea
and leaped at the opportunity. Dawn F. Massa Stancavish is the COO, chief innovation officer and director
Edgerton first obtained a grant from National Geo- of Massa Products Corp. She is the third generation of the Massa family
graphic to use the sonar system at Stellwagen Bank to at the company. She holds a master’s degree in psychology from Fairleigh
Dickenson University, with a focus on systems dynamics; has a certificate
locate and learn about whales. Sea Technology’s 1985 in finance from Harvard Business School; and is a U.S. patent holder and
article “Massa Leads by Doing the Impossible” describes artist. She serves on NOAA’s Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary
that effort in depth (www.massa.com/wp-content/up Advisory Council and the board of trustees for South Shore Conservatory.

Offshore Weather Awareness
Advanced Weather Sensing Assists Wind Farm Development Vessels
By Mikko Nikkanen
W ith the demand for renewable energy growing at

an increasingly rapid rate, wind energy has the
potential to deliver a significant amount of clean energy
pacity becoming operational in budding markets such as
France, South Korea and Vietnam, driving the escalation.
As new installations occupy space in nearshore envi-
to meet the power needs of cities throughout the world. ronments at an increasing rate, the offshore wind indus-
With available real estate for traditional land-based wind try is moving farther away from coastlines, into deeper
farms dwindling, offshore wind farm development is ad- waters and harsher environments.
vancing around the globe.
Solely within the United States, the National Renew- New Environments, New Challenges
able Energy Laboratory (NREL) estimates that the tech- As the industry moves farther out to sea, the devel-
nical resource potential for offshore wind is more than opment of offshore wind farms faces several operational
2,000 GW of capacity—or 7,200 TW-hr. per year of gen- challenges that go well beyond wind resource assess-
eration. As deployment in new markets around the world ment.
gains momentum, industry experts anticipate offshore in- First, in order to capture the abundant wind resourc-
stallations will account for 20 percent of total wind ener- es available offshore, turbine blades are growing larger
gy installations by 2025, with acceleration in the United and reaching unprecedented heights—as high as 200 m
States and key European markets, as well as large ca- above sea level—to produce more electricity. The ability
Vaisala WindCube Offshore v2 at a wind farm in the North

Sea. (Credit: DEWI UL)

components and installs them.
While the smaller turbines of de-
cades past posed no real challenges
to existing fleets of WTIVs, as turbine
sizes substantially grow, so too does
Offshore wind turbine at a wind the need for larger crane capacities
farm under construction off the and lifting height on such vessels.
English Coast, North Sea. (Credit: Despite the global shortage, these
DJ Mattaar/Shutterstock) specialized vessels remain critical in
not only the initial construction phase
of projects but also to maintaining
and periodically replacing equipment
and, eventually, for the decommis-
sioning phase.
WTIVs must also contend with
the elements. In order to maximize
the value of an offshore wind farm,
project locations are determined by
whether there is a high probability of
strong winds on a daily basis. If there
were not a high probability of strong
winds at a particular location, that site
would obviously not be selected for
an offshore project. So, while strong
winds are necessary for the success of
offshore wind farms, wind is a major
cause of challenges to WTIV opera-
tions—costing millions in downtime
and repairs. Strong winds have the
potential to seriously delay installa-
tion operations and prolong construc-
to accurately assess wind characteristics for larger areas tion times, which can have an incredibly expensive im-
and taller turbines is challenging with traditional mete- pact on a project’s bottom line. Wind hazards could also
orological masts, which are often either impossible or endanger crew safety.
prohibitively expensive to deploy and maintain during Since the cost of renting a WTIV can range from
the prospecting phase. Not only do met masts struggle $200,000 to $300,000 per day—and building a new ves-
to measure up to the full height of modern offshore tur- sel for this application comes with an enormous price
bines without mathematical extrapolation, but increased tag of up to $500 million—it’s critical to know the wind,
turbine sizes mean met masts cannot aggregate accurate wave and other meteorological conditions at any given
wind data while staying within a cost-effective budget. moment to determine whether it’s safe to have a crane
Complicating matters further, the transportation, in- lifting turbine components or a helicopter transporting
stallation, maintenance and service of wind turbines maintenance crews and/or replacement components to
becomes much more difficult in deeper waters, distant the wind plant site. Depending on the weather, the instal-
from ports and at the ever-increasing altitudes turbines lation of each individual turbine can take up to five days.
are now reaching. Even though offshore wind resources As a result, minimizing downtime is essential. If an install
are more abundant, more powerful and more consistent takes longer than expected, the extra cost of hundreds of
than their land-based counterparts, meteorological and thousands of dollars each day is often untenable.
oceanic conditions are considerably less forgiving the Beyond wind, other environmental factors can have
farther removed from shore a project is located. an impact on wind turbine installation. Waves can desta-
Furthermore, due to the immense demand for off- bilize platforms, whether that platform is semisubmers-
shore wind, there are not enough wind turbine installa- ible or uses tension legs fixed to the seabed, and most
tion vessels (WTIVs) to support this burgeoning market. installation vessels have constraints for significant wave
These massive vessels are large enough to carry the piec- height. Additionally, a recent study published in the “In-
es needed to build turbines more than 150 m tall, with ternational Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean En-
blades that extend roughly 100 m and components tens gineering” revealed that wind turbine installation faces a
of meters tall, from the port to the installation site. Once myriad of other delay factors. In South Korean waters, for
they reach the site, these WTIVs are equipped with legs example, the study found delay factors such as precipita-
that reach down to the seafloor to steady the vessel and tion, temperatures below -10° C, and limited visibility as
lift it up out of the water so it can serve as a stable plat- a result of rain, fog or snow can have a significant impact
form. From there, a crane on the platform lifts the turbine on the duration of construction. Harsh environmental

The largest wind farm installation vessel
in the world, and the first turbine in-
stalled off the coast of Aberdeen. (Credit:
Shutterstock)
conditions are not unique to the sites analyzed in the communicate with one another in order to deliver robust
study, which is why it is crucial that decision makers are and accurate weather data to improve operational and
equipped with the localized meteorological and forecast safety decisions.
information they need to minimize these threats. With reliable, easy-to-deploy wind LiDAR, companies
Fortunately, precautions to minimize damage and can create a holistic view of how winds are developing
downtime can be taken by utilizing the latest innovations on top of the WTIV—up to 200 m into the atmosphere.
in advanced weather sensing technologies. A highly refined and mature technology, vertical-profil-
ing wind LiDAR provides unmatched wind measurement
Optimizing Operations with capabilities for simplifying offshore operations and max-
Offshore Weather Awareness imizing operational continuity while maintaining overall
Advanced weather sensing technologies can help safety. Such instruments can be positioned almost any-
ameliorate many of the challenges currently being faced where on the vessel and cover the rotor sweep of even
by WTIVs during the construction of an offshore wind the largest offshore turbines. Commonly used during
farm. These solutions include wind LiDAR technologies craning and mounting operations, LiDAR helps ensure
that enable wind measurements to detect hazardous the accurate placement and installation of turbines on
wind gusts that can impact offshore operations, helideck an offshore site because the wind direction can vary at
monitoring systems (HMSs) that provide accurate infor- different altitudes. In addition, future forecasting of oper-
mation on the prevailing weather and helideck motion to ation lengths becomes easier as wind data are collected
ensure effective flight planning and safe landings on the during the construction phase and can later be evaluat-
WTIVs during offshore installations, and sensor networks ed.
that detect thunderstorms to deliver reliable storm and By vertically measuring wind speed and direction,
lightning information to optimize and secure offshore modern LiDAR can ensure safety and situational aware-
operations. It’s crucial for project owners to tie these ness, as well as the right timing for cranes to lift the tur-
modern weather sensing technologies together into a bine components. With near-real-time data, a wind Li-
comprehensive solution by leveraging software platforms DAR can be used to inform transportation movements,
that allow the myriad meteorological technologies to for example, helicopter lifts and craning around site.

Thus, any helicopter movements around site can be con- ers avoid frustrating—and costly—flight interruptions.
ducted more efficiently and allow operators to work with By detecting thunderstorms in real time, tracking
a higher level of certainty within safety windows for these their trajectory and intensity, and supporting hazardous
operations. With offshore wind development accelerat- weather warnings—even outside the range of weather ra-
ing, LiDAR is a timely—and increasingly vital—innova- dar—a global lightning detection sensor network delivers
tion for consistent, reliable and accurate wind informa- accurate and dependable lightning information for warn-
tion. ing applications. These networks are key in ensuring the
When wind LiDAR is combined with other sensors safety of WTIV operations, where lightning is a significant
and solutions, such as an HMS with integrated wave concern in the transport of helicopters and personnel to
monitoring, a full range of meteorological and oceano- and from offshore installations. With reliable and trust-
graphic conditions can be monitored, and any impacts worthy lightning data, offshore wind project operators
can be quickly quantified to optimize operations, mini- are able to balance operational efficiency with employee
mize idle time spent at sea and ensure the safety of the and public safety anywhere in the world. Because people
on-site crew. and operations depend on accurate lightning detection,
Typically required according to CAP 437: Standards early warnings allow decision makers to better anticipate
for offshore helicopter landing areas, HMSs help to en- a lightning threat before it reaches the offshore site and
sure effective flight planning and safe landings on the helps keep workers safe while reducing the duration of
WTIVs during offshore installations by leveraging sen- safety shutdowns. Additionally, the comprehensive, ac-
sors to monitor the wind, visibility, barometric pressure, tionable data such networks provide can also be used to
cloud height, temperature, humidity and wave height. support local forecast and meteorological applications.
Much like offshore loading, supply vessel loading/un- Wind LiDAR, HMS and lightning detection data are
loading and crane operations, helicopter traffic control vital for: alerting WTIVs before sudden winds, inclement
also requires accurate weather and sea state information wave and weather conditions, or thunderstorms impact
on a 24/7 basis. operations, which allows time for crews to secure cranes
Advanced HMSs are often equipped with software that and position vessels for safety as early as possible; creat-
includes a real-time data display, reporting tools and crit- ing a safer environment by better understanding vessel
ical alarms to enable operators to make more informed behavior during heavy wind gusts, intense wave activity
decisions during critical weather situations. With accu- and dangerous meteorological conditions, such as thun-
rate weather and motion data, HMSs help decision mak- derstorms and lightning events; and making improve-

pCO2 “When wind LiDAR is combined
with other sensors and solutions,
General Oceanics, Inc. introduces its new model 8050 such as an HMS with integrated
autonomous pCO2 monitoring system. Continuous
wave monitoring, a full range
measurement, recording and transmission of sea surface
CO2 levels. of meteorological and oceanographic
conditions can be monitored”
• Efficient equilibration of sea water and
confined air head space. ments in planning and updating protocols in offshore
• Infrared analysis of CO2 concentrations. environments, which will increase safety and decrease
• Automatic calibration. damage and downtime—ultimately saving money in the
• Integrated computer and control software. long term.
• Integrated GPS location and atmospheric Vaisala (www.vaisala.com) provides multiple industry
conditions. partners with various LiDAR solutions mentioned above,
• Satellite data transmission. including WindCube Offshore, WindCube Nacelle and
WindCube Scan. In addition, hundreds of HMSs carrying
Vaisala’s meteorological equipment and real-time and
http://generaloceanics.com/home.php?cat=69 historical lightning data, via the Global Lightning Detec-
tion Network GLD360, are currently meeting the needs
of oil rigs, wind farms and other offshore wind projects
around the world.
General Oceanics Inc.
1295 N.W. 163 St., Miami, FL 33169
Tel: (305) 621-2882, Fax: (305) 621-1710 Conclusion
E-mail: [email protected] As the offshore wind industry continues to move
http://www.GeneralOceanics.com into harsher environments with increasingly challeng-
ing weather conditions, new approaches are required to
uphold safety and performance while minimizing dam-
age, downtime and liability. With a one-week rental of a
WTIV ranging from $1.4 million to $2.1 million, it is vital
THE for uptime and operations to go as smoothly as possible.
35 years! Strong winds, high waves, lightning and other meteoro-
COASTAL R/V
logical phenomena can potentially put a halt to opera-
SHANA RAE tions, creating a significant financial burden; damage to
the vessel, the crane, the vessel’s cargo; or, worst of all,
putting personnel in harm’s way.
Ensuring the safety of your employees and assets is
critical, and monitoring the meteorological conditions
that impact your daily functions with wind LiDAR, HMS
and lightning detection sensor networks is the ideal way
to make offshore weather awareness possible and make
the operations most cost efficient. Having comprehen-
New video content on the website!
sive and proven technologies on your side is priceless as
• Offering two central California coastal vessels— every offshore wind construction site and operation faces
see our website for information on R/V Retriever. different environmental conditions. Once your WTIV is
• 45 years’ personal experience in coastal RVs, including on the way, you need to know the local conditions at
5 seasons in Alaska; since 1986 on this husky 50-footer.
• 330 sq. ft. work deck, multi-ton overhead rigging & stern your site and which parameters need to be measured and
u-frame, four wire choices to 4,000 meters. tracked to ensure the safety of your people while maxi-
• Minutes from deep Monterey Canyon waters for sea trials. mizing the continuity of your operation. ST
• Sleeps 6 comfortably, full personal accommodations,
all-electric galley, 1200-mile range.
Mikko Nikkanen is the head of maritime at Vaisa-
• Broad resume of pleased commercial, government, and
la, a global leader in weather, environmental and
academic clients on worksites from Baja California to
industrial measurement, where he brings more
Prince William Sound.
than 20 years of global experience in leadership,
business development and solution creation in
Jim and Angie Christmann various industries and application areas.
Monterey Canyon Research Vessels, Inc.
114 Mason Street • Santa Cruz, CA 95060
(831) 423-4864 • cell (831) 332-0565
www.shanarae.com

international required safety level in transporting CO2 by pipelines
and strengthen the development of carbon capture and
storage (CCS) projects. This follows the outcome of the
CO2SafeArrest joint industry project (JIP) between En-
Elbit Acquires Sparton ergy Pipelines CRC (Australia) and DNV. The work has
Elbit Systems Ltd.’s U.S. subsidiary, Elbit Systems of been supported by the Norwegian funding body CLIMIT
America LLC, has completed the acquisition of Sparton and the Australian Commonwealth Government under
Corp. from an affiliate of Cerberus Capital Management the Carbon Capture & Storage Research Development
L.P. for a purchase price of $380 million. and Demonstration Fund.
Headquartered in De Leon Springs, Florida, Sparton The need to transport CO2 is expected to increase sig-
is a premier developer, producer and supplier of systems nificantly as part of the widespread view that CCS is a
supporting undersea warfare for the U.S. Navy and allied viable means to reduce CO2 emissions. Reliable transport
military forces. from where it is captured to a storage site is therefore of
utmost importance.
Wavespec Goes Private
Wavespec is now under new ownership as a private Maritime Security Guidance
entity. Wavespec, a provider of technical services, en- The shipping industry continues to face threats such
gineering and solutions to the gas processing, liquefied as piracy, kidnapping and terrorism. Ship operators need
gas, renewable and marine industries, is now operating to stay alert to security risks and recognize that threats
its U.S., U.K., Netherlands and Singapore-based offices are continually evolving and demand constant vigilance.
under a new umbrella, Wavespec Holding BV. To assist the shipping community in preparing for
Wavespec’s previous owner was Braemar Shipping these challenges, the International Chamber of Shipping
Services PLC. The new Wavespec Holding is backed by has launched the first edition of “Maritime Security: A
Cosmos SICAV Plc, an investment fund managed by Aba- Comprehensive Guide for Shipowners, Seafarers and Ad-
lone Asset Management Ltd., committed to invest aggres- ministrations.” It sets out the security threats faced by the
sively in the energy transition. shipping industry today; the statutory requirements that
ships, shipping companies and port facilities must meet;
Safety Procedures for CO2 Transport and provides guidance on how to conduct a thorough
DNV has published new procedures to provide the threat assessment for a voyage.
NEW class of
ROV Propulsion
Powerful and silent subsea thrusters from

Copenhagen Subsea A/S have been developed
with reliability as the highest design priority.
The ROV thrusters are responsive, powerful

and easy to integrate – and will provide
vehicles with a unique combination of silent
power and high maneuverability.
COPENHAGEN SUBSEA A/S

[email protected] • www.copenhagensubsea.com

A model ship security plan is also provided, along ing LNG for Puget LNG’s commercial customers, as well
with guidance on how to complete it in accordance with as providing necessary domestic supply backup for Puget
statutory requirements. Sound Energy’s customers.
Alpha Ori Technologies Secures Funding Kraken Business Updates

Maritime digital solutions provider Alpha Ori Technol- Kraken Robotics Inc. has entered into a nonbinding
ogies (AOT) has closed a $6 million investment round. letter of intent in connection with the proposed acquisi-
The round was jointly led by shipowners Hafnia and BW tion of PanGeo Subsea Inc. from Cahill Innovation Inc.,
LPG. Mikael Skov, CEO of Hafnia, has joined the Alpha a member of the Cahill Group of Companies, and Argen-
Ori Technologies’ board of directors. tum Asset Management AS.
With a diverse range that includes SMARTShip, PanGeo is a private Canadian services company spe-
SMARTVoyager, ShipPalm and VIO, AOT is transforming cializing in high-resolution 3D acoustic imaging solu-
the multitrillion-dollar maritime industry by replacing tions for the subseabed. This proposed acquisition would
disjointed analog systems with smart digital enterprises. accelerate Kraken’s transformation to a robotics/data-as-
a-service model by increasing recurring service revenue
IRClass Authorized for Remote Survey and providing increased exposure to the nondefense
Panama Maritime Authority has authorized Indian market, including the offshore renewable energy market.
Register of Shipping (IRClass), an international ship clas- Kraken has also acquired 13 Robotics Ltda of Brazil
sification society, to conduct specific surveys through re- (13R), specializing in autonomous underwater inspec-
mote inspection techniques. tion for offshore oil and gas and renewable energy.
As pandemic-induced travel restrictions continue, IR-
Class can ensure that ships continue to stay compliant Svitzer Americas Moves to Panama
with various IMO conventions and sail with valid certif- The Panama Design Center (PDC) has welcomed new
icates. IRClass has developed the necessary remote sur- residents as Svitzer Americas opened its new regional
vey guidelines, released earlier this year, and a dedicated headquarters in Panama City as part of the company’s
facility with the requisite IT infrastructure has been put in ambition to move even closer to its customers and op-
place at its head office in Mumbai. erations and further strengthen its position in the region.
PDC also houses other entities of the Maersk Group,
Arcturus Marine Systems Sold After 34 Years including Sealand Americas, APM Terminals, Ham-
California-based Arcturus Marine Systems, known in burg-Sud, Twill and Maersk Liner Operations Clusters.
the marine market as ABT-TRAC, has been sold by com-
pany founder and president D’Milo Hallerberg to busi- Port Canaveral to Host Commercial Vessels
nessman Roger Fellows after 34 years. The Hapag-Lloyd container ship Al Bahia has arrived
Hallerberg founded the company in 1986 and built it at Port Canaveral to begin the required conversion pro-
to become a leader in design and manufacture of bow cess to reflag the vessel in the U.S. The Al Bahia will be
and stern thrusters, roll fin stabilizers, and onboard hy- renamed the Delaware Express and is the first of five Ha-
draulic systems for yachts. ABT-TRAC, based in Rohnert pag-Lloyd container vessels scheduled to undergo the
Park, California, employs 47 people. U.S. reflagging process in Port Canaveral over the next
Fellows also owns Western Marine Electronics Co., several months. Once the U.S. reflagging process is com-
known as WESMAR and based in the Seattle area. plete, each vessel will be included in the federal Mari-
time Security Program and made available for use when
Deep Ocean Engineering Patent Approved necessary by the U.S. government while it continues to
Deep Ocean Engineering’s patent for its disruptor operate commercially in international trade.
tool has been approved by the United States Patent and
Trademark Office. The disruptor, invented by John D. Compensation for Suez Canal Blockage
Bergman, is used for eliminating underwater explosives Egyptian authorities have seized the massive cargo
and comes as an optional attachment for all of Deep ship that blocked the Suez Canal for almost a week ear-
Ocean Engineering’s ROV models. lier this year. An Egyptian court ordered the vessel’s Jap-
anese owner, Shoei Kisen Kaisha, to pay $900 million
Puget LNG Joins SEA-LNG in compensation as a result of losses inflicted when the
Puget LNG is the latest LNG supplier to join the grow- Panamanian-flagged Ever Given prevented marine traffic
ing cross-industry coalition SEA-LNG. This strengthens from transiting through the vital global trade waterway.
SEA-LNG’s membership base on the North American
west coast and underlines the increasing accessibility of Bollinger Acquires Gulf Island Fabrication
LNG as a marine fuel around the world. Bollinger Shipyards has acquired Gulf Island Fabrica-
The investment made by Puget LNG in its quay-side tion Inc.’s shipyard facilities.
facility in the Port of Tacoma recognizes that LNG is Gulf Island had been building the towing, salvage and
commercially competitive now and offers financial risk rescue ships (T-ATS) for the U.S. Navy and Regional-class
mitigation to shipowners choosing this lower-carbon ma- research vessels for the National Science Foundation and
rine fuel. The facility will have a shared function, provid- Oregon State University. ST

marinerenewables in the world. To harness this energy,
Orbital’s O2 comprises two 1-MW
turbines, which together create a
US Offshore Wind Report through the Scottish government’s 600 m2 rotor area and can generate
ABS has published a report eval- ScotWind Leasing program. In ad- 2 MW of clean, predictable energy.
uating the U.S. offshore wind indus- dition, Magnora Offshore Wind will O2 is capable of supplying enough
try’s readiness to deliver the 40 GW participate in the first offshore wind energy to power around 2,000 U.K.
of offshore wind capacity the Inter- application round in Norway, which homes.
national Energy Agency estimates opens in 2021, and will also consid-
will be installed by 2040. er entering new markets. TDI-Brooks Surveys
The “ABS Offshore Wind Re- For MarWin
port, Positioning for U.S. Expansion: Fugro to Survey for TDI-Brooks International Inc. has
U.S. Ports and Vessels Innovation” Danish Energy Island deployed two of its oceanographic
is a landmark document assessing Energinet has awarded Fugro a research vessels to the U.S. East
U.S. port infrastructure, availability marine site characterization con- Coast to support US Wind’s MarWin
of specialist support tonnage, and tract for the Danish Energy Island offshore wind project off the coast
emerging industry trends and chal- project in the North Sea. The con- of Maryland. TDI-Brooks engaged
lenges for the growing U.S. offshore tract is part of Energinet’s prelimi- in the seabed geophysical surveys to
wind market. nary studies to build the world’s first better understand the geological is-
The report also highlights ABS’s “hub and spoke” energy scheme: an sues that may exist with project de-
leading role in supporting the U.S. energy island 80 km off the Danish velopment to ensure safe and long-
offshore wind industry through the coast that will act as a transmission term operations and performance of
development and application of center for hundreds of surrounding the facilities.
class rules and safety requirements, wind turbines. The MarWin project is expected
including classing the first Jones Fugro will perform geophysical to produce approximately 270 MW
Act-compliant wind turbine instal- and unexploded ordnance (UXO) of power. The project is expected to
lation vessel and service operation magnetometry surveys, which will come online in 2024.
vessel. be used to prepare an integrated
The report is available at: tinyurl. geological and geotechnical soil Magallanes Renovables’
com/yurk2cu5. model on which wind farm devel- Tidal Platform Back at EMEC
opers will base future tenders. The European Marine Ener-
TechnipFMC Teams with The fieldwork will run from May gy Centre (EMEC) has welcomed
Magnora on Offshore Wind to November 2021, resuming in Spanish tidal energy developer
TechnipFMC has entered into an February and March 2022, and will Magallanes Renovables back to its
agreement with Magnora ASA to comprise two phases: phase one tidal test site at the Fall of Warness
jointly pursue floating offshore wind will deliver the geophysical surveys, in Orkney, Scotland, for the suc-
project development opportunities including seabed sampling and soil cessful reinstallation of Magallanes’
under the name Magnora Offshore data down to at least 100 m below second-generation 2-MW tidal plat-
Wind. the seabed; phase two will be the form ATIR.
Magnora holds a strategic posi- UXO magnetometry survey, using The Magallanes team worked in
tion within the renewable energy Fugro’s dedicated Geowing solu- collaboration with Orkney-based
sector as an owner in offshore wind, tion. Fugro’s survey and offshore marine service provider Leask Ma-
onshore wind and solar develop- wind consultancy teams will use rine, along with the Orkney Har-
ment projects, and is a key enabler the acquired geodata to provide a bour Authority tug Thor, to install
in solar energy technologies. reliable derisked site interpretation. the platform in an operation lasting
When combined with Technip- 8 hr. The ATIR will be connected to
FMC’s unique technologies, expe- Hempel Coatings for Orbital the national electricity grid.
rience delivering integrated EPCI O2 Tidal Turbine
projects and its novel Deep Purple Hempel has provided coatings to Hammer Spread for Italy’s
initiative to integrate wind and wave protect the Orbital O2 tidal energy First Offshore Wind Farm
energy with offshore green hydro- turbine, the world’s most powerful MENCK, an Acteon brand, has
gen storage, this partnership will tidal turbine. Hempel’s ambition is signed a contract with Dutch ma-
enable Magnora Offshore Wind to to become the leading global coat- rine contractor Van Oord to deliver
realize significant opportunities in ings solution provider for the global the hammer spread for the instal-
the growing offshore floating wind renewable energy segment. lation of the Taranto offshore wind
market. O2 is set to operate at the Europe- farm, Italy’s first. The installation
Magnora Offshore Wind has al- an Marine Energy Centre (EMEC) in of 10 monopiles, each supporting
ready commenced operations and the Orkney Islands, Scotland, where a 3-MW turbine, will begin in the
started work on an application for tidal currents can reach over 4 m/s, third quarter of 2021 and is expect-
the first round of seabed leasing making them some of the strongest ed to take 16 days. ST

productdevelopment
For more information on any of these products, visit our website at
www.sea-technology.com/products
Sub-Bottom Profilers Filterless BWMS

EcoOne is a revolutionary new
ballast water management system
(BWMS) that eliminates the filter.
ClO2 treatment technology works
effectively as a single-pass treatment
under all operating conditions, with
no neutralization or retreatment pri-
or to discharge. Ecochlor Inc.
Offshore Wind Vessel

Two new pole-mount sub-bottom
profilers have been added to the
family of 3400 sub-bottom profil-
ing systems. The ultralightweight
shallow-water and lightweight
shallow-water over-the-side pole-
mount 3400-OTS systems use flat
multi-channel hydrophone arrays Strat Cat 27 (SC27) caters to the in-
to generate high-resolution images creasing demands from the offshore
of the sub-bottom stratigraphy in wind industry and offers enhanced
oceans, lakes and rivers. EdgeTech. vessel capabilities with a reduced
environmental footprint and hybrid
Compact Antenna drive options. The SC27 is an evolu-
Intelsat’s FlexMaritime service now tion of the Strat Cat 26. To cater to
offers a 45-cm antenna, v45C, for the different operating areas around
broadband connectivity perfor- the world, several options are avail-
mance and affordability to leisure, able for the propulsion system,
fishing and light-commercial ves- deck cranes, active fender system,
sels around the world. Intellian Ltd. ride control, etc. Strategic Marine
(S) Pte Ltd.
Pressure Logger
RBRquartz³ Q|plus meets the de- Field-Ready Connectors
mands for high-accuracy, long-term Fischer UltiMate 80, a field-ready
measurements of sea level, tidal and NATO STANAG 4695-compatible
wave dynamics by coastal ocean- connector, offers unparalleled func-
ographers worldwide. It has an in- tionality and ruggedness in com-
tegrated Paroscientific Digiquartz parison with similar harsh-envi-
pressure sensor for best-in-class ini- ronment quick-release connectors.
tial accuracy, resolution and low- The standard Fischer UltiMate con-
drift performance. RBR Ltd. nector is now available in size 15
with various pin layouts of up to 27
Emissions Advisory signal and power contacts. Fischer
Carbon emissions advisory services Connectors SA.
will help clients navigate chang-
ing legislation, source high-quality Small-Class UUV
emissions offsets, and structure and The REMUS 300 is open architec-
execute carbon offset projects or ture and can dive to depths of 305
transactions. The new service is a m (1,000 ft.). It has endurance op-
response to the growing number of tions up to 30 hr. Huntington Ingalls
requests for shipowners and opera- Industries Inc.
tors to offset their direct greenhouse
gas (GHG) emissions through vol- Automated Fish Counting
untary carbon standards. IFCHOR This system is designed for tuna
and ClearBlue Markets. farming and utilizes image rec-

ognition technology to count the Imagery in All Conditions connect to the Smart Mate device’s
number of fish. Under optimal con- FLIR M364C combines two cut- Bluetooth 5.0 mesh network. Blue
ditions, it has succeeded in auto- ting-edge imaging systems in a Guard Innovations.
matically counting tuna with an ac- single, robust, pan-and-tilt marine
curacy of more than 98%. Yanmar camera housing to produce highly Multi-Sensor System
Marine Systems Co. Ltd. detailed thermal and visible imag- OceanObserver is now on Slo-
ery. The result is increased situation- cum Glider autonomous vehicles.
Bio-Rope al awareness and safer navigation It is an intelligent passive-acous-
Several products, including Am- via increased object identification tic, multi-sensor system capable
Steel-Blue, AmSteel-X, Saturn-12, capability in any lighting condi- of in-situ, near-real-time underwa-
EverSteel-X and Turbo-RC, now tions, from total darkness to full ter sound detection and measure-
come with the option of sustain- sunlight. FLIR Systems Inc. ments. JASCO Applied Sciences
able, bio-sourced fiber made from and Teledyne Webb Research.
climate-neutral feedstock through Data Analytics
sustainable forestry. This option will Via the Spire Bridge portal, custom- Multibeam Sonar
enable customers to reduce their ers can now access Spire Analytics WASSP S3r embeds the Ellipse-D,
carbon footprint. Samson Rope to monitor data usage and get sup- the new miniature RTK dual-anten-
Technologies. port, documentation and product na INS from SBG Systems. S3r can
updates to activate and operation- survey an area up to 10 times faster
Connectivity Device alize data. This tool allows custom- than a single-beam sounder. Furuno
ers to graph, report and visualize ENL Group and SBG Systems S.A.S.
data. It can also filter searches by
ship type, voyage, density map and Wave Buoy
more. Spire Global Inc. CB-25-SVS measures wave height,
period and direction using the SVS-
Boat Monitoring, Control System 603 wave sensor for drifting, tether-
Smart Skipper comprises Smart ing or mooring applications. Nex-
Mate devices and the Smart Skip- Sens Technology Inc. and SeaView
The Remote Monitoring Unit (RMU) per app. Tablets and smartphones Systems Inc. ST
allows products without internal te-
lemetry hardware to transfer data
and communicate with an overar-
ching control and monitoring or as-
set management system. The RMU
can receive data from a connect-
ed lantern (and power supply) and
transfer to a high-level control and
monitoring system such as Star2M
using its satcom interface via Iridi- Version 7.7.7 available now with:
um. Star2M Pty Ltd.
Improved usability of UGC gain settings
ROV Motors Far field SS data tracking and removal
New-generation thrusters for Mari-
scope ROVs are brushless, and they
Now runs on Azure and AWS
feature robust materials, magnetic New survey line planning … and more
coupling and electronic protec-
tion, as well as smaller size and
increased power. Mariscope Meer-
estechnik.
Vessel Security Assessment

A comprehensive pentest method-
ology quickly and cost-effectively
assesses the security posture of a
vessel even while it is underway.
RASP (Rapid Attack Simulation
PenTest) provides a deep dive into
an IT infrastructure’s critical securi-
ty measures to test and expose de-
ficiencies and recommends fixes. www.chesapeaketech.com
EPSCO-Ra.
marineresources
Did You Framework to Protect Ocean

An international team of 26 authors, including six
Miss The
at UC Santa Barbara, has published a study in Nature
offering a combined solution to several of humanity’s
most pressing challenges. It is the most comprehensive
assessment to date of where strict ocean protection can
Boat?
contribute to a more abundant supply of healthy seafood
and provide a cheap, natural solution to address climate
change, and to protecting embattled species and habi-
tats.
The researchers identified specific areas of the ocean
that could provide multiple benefits if protected. Safe-
guarding these regions would protect nearly 80 percent
of marine species, increase fishing catches by more than
8 million metric tons and prevent the release of more
than 1 billion tons of carbon dioxide by protecting the
Didn’t get your company listed in the seafloor from bottom trawling, a widespread yet destruc-
Sea Technology Buyers Guide/Directory? tive fishing practice.
The study does not provide a single map for ocean
Good news - you’re not dead in the water. conservation, but it offers a first-in-kind framework for
Act now and your company listing can still be countries to decide which areas to protect depending on
part of the current electronic version of the their national priorities.
The analysis supports the claim that 30 percent is the
Buyers Guide in our Newcomers section. minimum amount of ocean that the world must protect
in order to provide multiple benefits to humanity.
Enjoy 24/7 exposure online with direct URL
and email linking directly to your website. Testing Hydrogen Fuel Cell
Yanmar Holdings Co. Ltd. and its subsidiary Yan-
mar Power Technology Co. Ltd. have conducted a field
demonstration test for the maritime fuel cell system in
Oita, Japan.
The International Maritime Organization has an-
ere to
nounced a strategy to reduce greenhouse gas emissions
Click h e to zero by the end of this century.
view th gy
With marine environmental regulations tightening
worldwide, in December 2020, the Japanese Ministry
hnolo
Sea Tec /Directory
of Economy, Trade and Industry formulated its “Green
Growth Strategy towards 2050 Carbon Neutrality,” which
Guide
Buyers edition
highlights the development of energy and power sources
that reduce impact on the environment, including those
2021 for vessels powered by carbon-free fuels such as hydro-
gen and ammonia.
Yanmar was among the first companies to comply
with environmental regulations with its development of
SEA TECHNOLOGY
dual-fuel marine engines. Looking to the future of power-
train technology, Yanmar has developed a maritime fuel
cell system that incorporates hydrogen fuel cell modules
from Toyota’s MIRAI automobile. The system was in-
stalled into Yanmar’s EX38A FC pleasure boat for field
magazine testing.
The boat is the first to officially comply with the safety
guidelines for hydrogen fuel cell vessels formulated by
https://sea-technology.com/bg-listings
the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tour-
ism in Japan.
Yanmar has plans to scale the maritime fuel cell sys-
tem by connecting multiple units. The system is planned
to be deployed to larger vessels by 2025.

Warm Water Important For Cold-Water Fish
Warm river habitats appear to play a larger than ex-
pected role supporting the survival of cold-water fish,
such as salmon and trout, a new Oregon State Universi-
ty-led study found.
The research has important implications for fish con-
servation strategies. A common goal among scientists
and policy makers is to identify and prioritize habitat
for cold-water fish that remains suitably cool during the
summer, especially as the climate warms.
This implicitly devalues areas that are seasonally
warm, even if they are suitable for fish most of the year,
said Jonny Armstrong, lead author of the paper and an
ecologist at Oregon State. He called this a “potentially
severe blind spot for climate change adaptation.”
Two New NOAA Coastal Forecast Models

NOAA has two new coastal condition forecast models
that will enhance critical decision making for mariners
along the West Coast and Northern Gulf of Mexico. The
models provide continuous quality controlled data on
water levels, currents, water temperature and salinity out
to 72 hr.
Forecasts from both models are used by commer-
cial and recreational mariners, fishermen, emergency
managers, search and rescue responders, and National
Weather Service marine weather forecasters. These two
new models join a network that now totals 15 such mod-
els in coastal waters around the U.S. The models—locat-
ed in critical ports, harbors, estuaries, Great Lakes and
coastal waters—are part of a larger national backbone of
real-time data, tidal predictions, tide and lakes datums,
and operational modeling that enables users to make the
best decisions for their needs.
DuPont, Waterise Collaborate

On Subsea Desalination
DuPont has entered into a collaboration with Waterise
to provide seawater reverse osmosis membranes and ex-
pertise to the company’s subsea desalination plants.
Subsea reverse osmosis (RO) desalination presents a
sustainable and more economical new way to turn sea-
water to freshwater.
As subsea desalination leverages the natural hydro-
static pressure found at the depths of the sea to run the
reverse osmosis, it reduces the energy requirements of
conventional RO desalination by 40 percent. It also
requires 80 percent less coastal land than land-based
plants, presenting a viable option for communities with
limited space.
From an environmental perspective, subsea desalina-
tion requires lower amounts of pretreatment chemicals
and eliminates the discharge of concentrated brine into
coastal waters.
Waterise’s desalination units reside on the seafloor
and will use DuPont’s FilmTec seawater membranes. Du-
Pont and Waterise will share knowledge and expertise, as
well as collaborate on research and development toward
the mission to advance subsea desalination operations
and performance. ST

marineelectronics the University of South-Eastern Nor-
way (USN) to develop cloud-based
simulation exercises for the inter-
national maritime education mar-
JW Fishers Side Scan Sonar in their possession is a JW Fishers’ ket. This is KDI’s first commercial
Locates Submerged Truck side scan sonar system. This system agreement with an external partner
The James River is a tributary is invaluable for locating drowning and will enable USN to develop its
of the Missouri River. It is roughly victims, missing evidence, dumped cloud-based training products and
710 mi. long and spans over 20,000 cars or ships lost underwater. It be- distribute them globally via KDI’s
sq. mi. of North and South Dakota, comes especially useful when wa- digital platform, K-Sim Connect.
with more than 70 percent of the ters are murky or turbid. The sonar The aims of the partnership
river’s drainage occurring in South equipment paints a picture of the complement both the cloud-based
Dakota. River conditions during riverway bottom and allows for maritime simulation initiative sup-
normal years include both still wa- identification of objects in a way ported by Innovation Norway,
ter and flooding on the James Riv- that increases team safety. which has the aim of addressing the
er and its tributaries. Water easily The JW Fishers side scan sonar global need for easily accessible,
breaches the low banks, and these was used to pinpoint the location of high-quality, simulation-based train-
floods tend to cover a significant a 2014 Dodge pickup that was driving solutions for teaching and prac-
portion of the floodplain. When the en into the James River. The pick- ticing navigation, and the COAST
river is still, water quality drops and up’s orientation was clearly shown (Centre of Excellence in Maritime
it becomes difficult to see more than to be on its side. Once the pickup Simulator Training and Assessment)
a few feet underwater. was identified, dive team members project, for which USN is the host
The Beadle County Office of deployed a J-hook from a Zodiac institution.
Emergency Management (OEM) is boat to snag the truck so it could be
responsible for disaster preparation, pulled to shore. Satellite Life Extension
response, recovery and mitigation. Oslo-based Telenor Satellite,
The office is Beadle County’s liai- Training Partnership which delivers connectivity solu-
son to the South Dakota Office of Kongsberg Digital (KDI) has tions for all maritime segments oper-
Emergency Management. One tool signed a partnership agreement with ating throughout the EMEA (Europe,
2021
15-17 December
Rostock, Germany
RESHAPING THE FUTURE OF UNDERSEA DEFENCE

Showcasing the latest technological advances within the underwater battlespace.
CLICK HERE TO GET INVOLVED

Grand Final 30 June 2021

Middle East and Africa) and North Penguin Tenaga is classed under application provider, aims to lever-
Atlantic regions, has announced BV with the notation Electric Hybrid age Inmarsat’s technology platform
the successful docking of Northrop and Zero Emission (ZE) mode. and OneOcean’s digital solutions to
Grumman’s MEV-2 (Mission Exten- transform the way voyage planning
sion Vehicle) with its THOR 10-02 Digitizing Navigation software is deployed, updated and
satellite. This represents the start of And Compliance integrated between ship and shore.
a new era for satellite communica- Inmarsat and OneOcean have The agreement will enable One-
tions, paving the way for a different partnered on the digitalization of Ocean software to be deployed over
approach to satellite servicing and navigation and compliance in the Inmarsat’s high-speed Fleet Con-
life-extension possibilities. maritime industry. The multi-phase nect dedicated bandwidth service,
The THOR 10-02 satellite, joint- agreement, which will see One- which is completely separate from
ly owned with Intelsat (Intelsat IS- Ocean become an Inmarsat certified crew and business traffic. ST
10-02), was first launched in 2004
and remains in excellent condition,
continuing to carry thousands of vi-
POWER AMPLIFIERS
tal communication links to vessels
navigating across busy shipping
lanes and operating in remote off-
shore fields, as well as delivering
connectivity for broadcasting and
SWITCHING
land-based services in remote loca- &
tions. The prospect of preserving the LINEAR
operation of these links made it an
obvious choice for this pioneering For more than 30 years we have been
technology, and the companies are
the first commercial satellite oper- building amplifiers to drive reactive loads.
ators to perform on-orbit servicing
of an active satellite in geosynchro-
nous orbit.
The MEV-2 satellite docked di-
rectly onto the communications
satellite, effectively providing the
space equivalent of a jetpack and
thus extending the operational life
of THOR 10-02/IS-10-02. The MEV-
2 has now taken control of both the
orbit and pointing of the satellite
and will continue do so until the
satellite is eventually retired in ap-
proximately five years.
BV Certifies Hybrid Ship

Bureau Veritas (BV) has certi-
fied and classed Singapore’s first
hybrid-powered ship. Built, owned
and operated by Singapore-based
Penguin Shipyard International, a
subsidiary of Penguin Internation- Model S16-20
al Ltd., Penguin Tenaga is a 15-m, 20kVA continuous; 50kVA 20% duty
12-passenger aluminum pilot boat 35 x 31.5 x 35.5 inches; 985 lbs.
capable of entirely running in elec-
tric mode at 5 kt. for more than 30
min., and in conventional diesel
Visit our Web site www.instrumentsinc.com
mode can reach a maximum speed
of 24 kt.
The vessel design is based on
the same hull form as two of Pen-
7263 Engineer
g Rd., San Diego,
g CA 92111-14933
guin’s existing monohull pilot boats
(858) 571-1111 FAX (858) 571-0188 [email protected]
that are currently operating for Shell Copyright 2021
Eastern Petroleum in Singapore.

oceanresearch should pay close attention to habi-
tats at these salinities, especially in
areas that provide nursery habitat
Comanche ROV Sea Trials uously deliver data in real time for for native species of conservation
For Arctic Research scientific research that helps com- concern,” Nepal said.
Forum Energy Technologies’ light munities, governments and industry
work-class ROV, Comanche 38, has make informed decisions. MI is an Early Earth May Have Had
successfully completed sea trials associate member of the ocean ob- Bigger Ocean
with Amundsen Science (Université servation network. A vast global ocean may have
Laval, Canada). covered early Earth during the early
The ROV was sold to the scien- Warming Climate Favors Archean eon, 4 to 3.2 billion years
tific research organization last year Invasive Blue Catfish ago, a side effect of having a hot-
and will support exploration of Arc- A new study by researchers at ter mantle than today, according
tic and sub-Arctic seafloor ecosys- the Virginia Institute of Marine Sci- to new research. The findings chal-
tems. The vehicle was installed on ence (VIMS) suggests that continued lenge earlier assumptions that the
board the Canadian research ice- warming of Atlantic coastal waters size of the Earth’s global ocean has
breaker vessel, CCGS Amundsen. may enhance the spread of invasive remained constant over time and
The ROV’s deployment proce- blue catfish in the Chesapeake Bay offer clues to how its size may have
dures and versatile capacity trials and other estuaries along the U.S. changed throughout geologic time.
included undertaking video sur- East Coast. Most of Earth’s surface water
veys, high-resolution still photogra- The research, by Dr. Vaskar Ne- exists in the oceans. But there is a
phy of benthic habitats, collection pal and Dr. Mary Fabrizio of VIMS, second reservoir of water deep in
of coral and other benthic fauna appeared in PLOS ONE and builds Earth’s interior, in the form of hydro-
samples, and sediment sampling on an earlier study by the two au- gen and oxygen attached to miner-
using precisely positioned sediment thors showing that blue catfish can als in the mantle.
push cores. better tolerate salinity spikes than A new study in AGU Advanc-
most freshwater fishes, and thus es estimates how much water the
Seafloor Observatory Installed may be able to expand their range mantle potentially could hold today
In Conception Bay downstream into mainstem Chesa- and how much water it could have
The Fisheries and Marine Insti- peake waters, and from there into stored in the past. Since early Earth
tute of Memorial University and the new bay tributaries and even Del- was hotter than it is today, its man-
University of Victoria’s Ocean Net- aware Bay. tle may have contained less water
works Canada (ONC) have installed “Blue cats” were introduced because mantle minerals hold onto
a seafloor observatory in Concep- to tidal freshwater stretches of the less water at higher temperatures.
tion Bay to enable real-time moni- James, York and Rappahannock Riv- If early Earth had a larger ocean
toring of oceanographic conditions ers during the 1970s and 1980s to than today, that could have altered
and marine life. enhance recreational fisheries. They the composition of the early atmo-
Equipped with specialized in- feed on vegetation, mollusks and sphere and reduced how much sun-
strumentation, the $750,000 ob- fishes, often out-competing native light was reflected back into space.
servatory monitors currents, waves, species. These factors would have affected
water temperature, salinity and un- East Coast estuaries are warmer the climate and the habitat that sup-
derwater sounds. It also features a and typically saltier during summer; ported the first life on Earth.
high-resolution camera developed colder and fresher during winter
by SubC Imaging of Newfoundland and spring. Their heat and salt con- Ranger 2 USBL to Support
and Labrador to collect time-lapse tent can also vary on shorter time RV Atlantis, Alvin Submersible
video of nearby flora and fauna. scales during rainy spells, drought, Sonardyne’s Ranger 2 ultrashort
Located 4 km north of the Ma- heat waves or cold snaps. baseline (USBL) underwater track-
rine Institute’s (MI) Holyrood marine The research results show that ing technology will provide im-
base, the observatory sits in 85 m of warmer water temperature has a proved support to oceanographic
water and sends real-time data via positive effect on the biology of blue work from the RV Atlantis, including
a seafloor, fiber-optic cable. The catfish under salinity conditions of- science expeditions in the manned
observatory is expandable and will ten encountered in estuarine waters. submersible Alvin.
also serve as a development, test- Warmer, fresher waters—as project- The latest Ranger 2 provides
ing and demonstration facility for ed by climate models of the bay due greater precision, speed and range
subsea instrumentation operating in to increased trapping of heat and tracking and replaces the existing
harsh environments. enhanced precipitation—would ap- Ranger 1 system for the ship. Up-
The cabled observatory was de- pear to favor the spread and estab- grades include a new AvTrak track-
signed and built by ONC. ONC lishment of blue cats. ing and telemetry instrument for Al-
monitors the west and east coasts “Given these findings, state and vin to support the increased depth
of Canada and the Arctic to contin- regional management agencies rating from 4,500 to 6,500 m. ST

meetings September 13-17—London Interna-
tional Shipping Week, London, En-
tion, Galveston, Texas. www.off
shore-event.com.
gland. +44 1296 682104, ljacobs@
elabor8.co.uk or https://londonin October 12-14—Ocean Business,
Note: The coronavirus (COVID-19) ternationalshippingweek.com. Southampton, U.K. www.ocean
pandemic could affect event dates. business.com.
Check event websites for the latest September 19-24—Underwater
updates. Minerals Conference, St. Peters- October 26-27—Offshore Energy,
burg, Florida. lazevedo@immsoc. Amsterdam, Netherlands. www.
AUGUST org or www.underwaterminerals. offshore-energy.biz.
August 16-19—AUVSI XPONEN- org.
TIAL, Atlanta, Georgia. www.xpo NOVEMBER
nential.org. September 20-22—Oi Middle East, November 2-5—Aquatech Amster-
Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. dam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
August 16-19—Offshore Technol- www.oceanologyinternationalmid +31 (0)6 51815306 or a.koomen@
ogy Conference, Houston, Texas. dleeast.com. rai.nl.
www.otcnet.org.
September 20-23—Glob- November 2-5—Europort, Rotter-
August 17-18—CLEAN PACIFIC, al OCEANS 2021 San Diego dam, Netherlands. www.europort.
Renton, Washington. www.clean – Porto, California and Virtu- nl.
pacific.org. al. https://sandiego21.oceans
conference.org/global-oceans- November 15-19—BlueTech Week,
August 23-27—World Water Week, 2021-san-diego-porto. Virtual. www.tmablue-tech.org/
Virtual. www.worldwaterweek.org. bluetech-week.
September 20-24—NMEA/RTCM
August 30-September 2—Oceans Conference & Expo, Orlando, November 16-17—Subsea
In Action, Gulfport, Mississippi. Florida. 410-975-9425, mreed Asia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
www.mtsociety.org/oceans-in-ac [email protected] or www.expo. www.subseauk.com/11668/sub
tion. nmea.org. sea-asia-2021.
August 31-September 2—MAST September 21-23—Sea Asia, Singa- November 16-18—CLEAN GULF,
Europe, Toulon, France. https:// pore. www.sea-asia.com. San Antonio, Texas. cdavie@ac
mastconfex.com/europe2021. cessintel.com or www.cleangulf.
September 26-October 1—SEG21, org.
August 31-September 2—Subsea Denver, Colorado. seg.org/AM.
Tieback, Galveston, Texas. Off November 24-25—Marine Re-
[email protected] or September 29-October 1— newables Canada, Halifax,
www.subseatiebackforum.com. Lakebed 2030 Conference, Virtual. Canada. https://marinerenew
231-995-2500 or marinecenter@ ables.ca/marine-renewables-cana
SEPTEMBER nmc.edu. da-2021-annual-conference-novem
September 7-10—SPE Offshore ber-24-25-2021.
Europe, Aberdeen, Scotland. +44 OCTOBER
(0) 1224 253807, gillian.george@ October 5-7—Deepwater Op-
bigpartnership.co.uk or www.off erations and Topsides, Platforms For more industry meetings, visit
shore-europe.co.uk. & Hulls Conference and Exhibi- sea-technology.com/meetings. ST
EMPOWERING
world leader in electric underwater robotics

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h l g
contracts of subsea trees and associated control systems, manifolds
and wellheads, as well as installation and commissioning
support, which will help to extend the life of the existing
Darwin LNG facility. Santos Ltd. ST
Danfoss Editron, Nordborg, Denmark, has been chosen
to provide the drive train system powering Singapore’s
first plug-in parallel hybrid-electric fast-launch vessel.
people
Sea Forrest Power Solutions Pte Ltd.
Wärtsilä, Helsinki, Finland, has signed an optimized

maintenance agreement to evaluate Wärtsilä’s Expert
Insight predictive maintenance service as part of a pilot OneOcean has appointed Adam
program that could lead to fleet-wide implementation. Pang as chief commercial officer.
Nippon Yusen Kaisha (NYK) and Monohakobi Technolo- He has an extensive background in
gy Institute (MTI). disruptive technology and holds spe-
cialist knowledge in complex soft-
Nicola Offshore GmbH, Hamburg, Germany, has signed ware-as-a-service (SaaS) solutions.
a commercial partnership agreement with the goal of With over 20 years of experience
sharing knowledge and resources to unlock new efficien- in high-growth B2B environments,
cies for acquiring marine data using multibeam echo- he has built commercial teams at
sounders, subsea gliders and ocean monitoring instru- scale using modern data-driven insights and the latest
ments. Cyprus Subsea Consulting and Services C.S.C.S. tech stack available for sales, marketing and customer
Ltd. success.
Damen Shipyards Group, Gorinchem, Netherlands, has ROSEN (UK) has promoted senior
announced a partnership, named “DP Lease,” for the fi- corrosion engineer, and chair of the
nancing of green shipping projects. DP Lease will pro- Young Pipeline Professional Europe,
vide flexible, long-term lease financing solutions to solve Marguerite Forde to integrity solu-
the finance gap created by additional capital expenditure tions specialist and sales manager,
requirements associated with the purchase of environ- focusing on the U.K. and Ireland.
mentally advanced vessels. DP Lease aims to support The role will play an integral part in
decarbonization of the maritime industry. Purus Marine. growing the business’s integrity ser-
vice offering both on and offshore.
Next Geosolutions, London, U.K., with the support of Forde has a decade of corrosion engineering experience
CoNISMa (National Inter-University Consortium for Ma- and has worked for ROSEN (previously MACAW Engi-
rine Sciences), which will perform environmental survey neering) since 2011.
tasks, has been awarded the survey works for the west
section of power cables of the Tyrrhenian Link project Sea Machines Robotics has hired Moran David as chief
(the Italian national transmission grid for high and ex- commercial officer, reporting to the company’s CEO, Mi-
tra-high voltage power). Terna. chael G. Johnson. He is responsible for global sales and
marketing of Sea Machines’ advanced technology to the
Norsepower Oy Ltd., Helsinki, Finland, has signed a builders and operators of the world’s commercial and de-
framework agreement to deliver project management, fense fleets.
delivery and installation supervision to support installa-
tion, servicing and warranty of Rotor Sails. Offshore Tech- MacArtney UK has appointed Kevin Murray as head of
nology Development (OTD), Keppel Offshore & Marine. sales. He will work closely with Managing Director Phil
Middleton in the strategic leadership of sales activity
DEME’s French subsidiary SDI, Lambersart, France, has within the business and will contribute toward ambitious
received an EPCI contract for the export cable that will plans for growth.
connect the Leucate floating offshore wind farm to the
power grid, in a consortium with JDR Cables. Réseau de Tanner A. Johnson, a former legislative director for Sen.
Transport d’Électricité. Mary Landrieu (D-La.), has joined Van Ness Feldman
LLP’s Washington, D.C., office as a policy adviser. John-
VIKING Life-Saving Equipment, Esbjerg, Denmark, will son brings decades of experience in the areas of coastal
deploy HydroPen container firefighting innovation on 85 restoration and resiliency, federal energy policy, environ-
vessels. CMA CGM Group. mental restoration and climate change, as well as federal
and NGO grant processes to the firm.
TechnipFMC, London, U.K., has received a notice to
proceed for a subsea production system contract for the Swathe Services has appointed Kerry Beckwith as busi-
Barossa project, located 300 km north of Darwin, Austra- ness development manager. She will also provide consul-
lia, at 130-m water depth. The contract covers the supply tancy to sister company Unmanned Survey Solutions. ST

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soapbox
Embracing Tech to Better Orchestrate Port Ecosystems—Dr. Francisco de los Santos
Dr. Francisco de The challenge that we currently vessels’ idle and waiting times can
los Santos serves face is that there are numerous leg- be dramatically reduced.
as the chief infor- acy processes to look at anew and One of our key objectives at Al-
mation and inno- many actors from whom we need to geciras Port is to eliminate waste in
vation officer for seek consensus in order to coordi- operations. Our intention is that idle
the Algeciras Port
nate the whole ecosystem of ports. and waiting time on arrival and de-
Authority, where
he works to help
The first step in achieving that parture should tend to zero. To that
bring to reality the aim was to develop a common end, we envisage that the collab-
Algeciras Logistics Innovation Cluster. language, with the standardization oration with PortXchange and the
He holds an M.S. in civil engineering, of data and a common view of the implementation of the tech platform
an executive master in telecom manage- business process, agreed upon by in our port community—offering a
ment and IT, a Ph.D. in port engineer- all stakeholders. That was essential real democratization of data—can
ing, and an executive M.B.A. from the before we could then begin to ap- not only help to lower waiting and
IESE Business School at the University ply technology to the standardized idle time but also support better uti-
of Navarra. process. lization of port assets and minimize
I n order to manage the port call

process successfully, ensuring
smooth interaction among all par-
We have come a long way in
the past 10 years in areas such as
real-time communications and
CO2 and NOx emissions.
It is too soon to cite figures ev-
idencing the success of the recent
ties is paramount. algorithms that allow us to more initiatives we have put in place at
There are many actors at play: accurately forecast arrivals or de- Algeciras Port, but we can clearly
the terminal, pilots, port authori- partures. Today, technology of this see a qualitative impact: All signs
ty, maritime authority, stevedores, sort allows us to be far more syn- are positive, and we are confident
shipping lines and others. Coordi- chronized, coordinated, safer and of a good return on investment.
nating so many parties has, in the efficient than we were even just a For example, regarding our goal
past, been rather haphazard. few years ago. to reduce idle and waiting times for
Over the last decade, huge tech- In recent years, as part of the vessels calling at our port and to im-
nological advances have made a Algeciras BrainPort 2020 program, prove these numbers year by year,
significant impact in improving port we have collaborated with around we are monitoring the idle time on
call efficiency with respect to coor- 40 start-ups and tech companies, arrival and departure per port call
dination. with one of the most significant and have observed clear improve-
Now, technology provides us collaborations being with the digi- ments in the container sector.
with more data and different ways tal solutions provider PortXchange. At the Port of Algeciras, we are
to be more effective in the coor- The open innovation program that not pursuing a philosophy of inno-
dination of the various actors in- we are pursuing focuses on encour- vation and collaboration with for-
volved in port calls. This is not only aging start-ups to collaborate and ward-thinking start-ups because it is
the case in so far as operational co-create the next-generation Al- fashionable to modernize. We do it
processes go, but also in terms of geciras Port. because we believe this is the surest
the exchange of data, our ability to The port is located in Andalusia, route to stay competitive in the sec-
check important information, the Spain, and was recognized with the tor, to differentiate our offering in
reduction of idle time, reduction of ESPO (the European Sea Ports Or- terms of the quality of service, and
waiting times, and an increase in ganisation) Award in 2020. to do so in a sustainable manner.
situational awareness, resulting in The collaboration between the But we do possess other, more
the safer management of large ves- Port of Algeciras and PortXchange is altruistic motivations as well. It is
sels entering or departing a port. helping us make huge gains in effi- imperative that we continue to seek
As well as increasing the opera- ciency. With the user-friendly PortX- inventive answers to the problems
tional efficiency of the port call pro- change technology platform and the that have long beset shipping—not
cess, we have also recently found company’s guidance in its adoption, least, inefficiencies in the port call
new means to improve port-to-port we are no longer operating on the process. Above and beyond im-
connection within the global mari- basis of opinions and conjecture at proving our bottom lines, our goal
time logistic chain and are gradual- the port. Instead, by making verified must be to leave a better planet for
ly improving further upon that goal. data accessible to each of the vari- our children and future generations.
In these ways, innovative techno- ous actors involved, we are empow- With effort, cooperation and the
logical tools are helping us to avoid ered to make more informed and right mindset and technology, that
or reduce emissions. strategic port call decisions. Thus, goal is possible. ST
www.sea-technology.com ST | June 2021 47

juneadvertiser index
Airmar Technology Corporation ......................... 3 Knudsen Engineering

www.airmar.com Limited.......................................................... 12
www.knudseneng.com
Blueprint Subsea .............................................. 36
www.blueprintsubsea.com MSI Transducers ................................................. 3
www.msitransducers.com
Chesapeake Technology, Inc............................. 37
www.chesapeaketech.com Massa Products Corporation............................. 50
www.massa.com
Copenhagen Subsea A/S ............................. 18, 33
www.copenhagensubsea.com *Monterey Canyon
Research Vessels, Inc. ..................................... 32
EvoLogics GmbH ............................................. 49
www.shanarae.com
www.evologics.de
Saab Seaeye Limited ........................................ 43
General Oceanics, Inc. .................................... 32
www.generaloceanics.com www.seaeye.com
*Instruments, Inc. .............................................. 41 Sea & Sun Technology ........................................ 5

www.instrumentsinc.com www.sea-sun-tech.com
Imagenex Technology Corp. ............................. 15 SubCtech GmbH .............................................. 39

www.imagenex.com www.subCtech.com
iXblue .............................................................. 21 UDT 2021 ....................................................... 40

www.ixblue.com https://www.udt-global.com/challenge
Klein – A MIND Technology Business............... 31 R.M. Young Company....................................... 39

www.MIND-Technology.com www.youngusa.com
*For more information, consult the digital 2021 Sea Technology Buyers Guide/Directory:
https://lsc-pagepro.mydigitalpublication.com/publication/?i=649355
SEA TECHNOLOGY
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MISSION STATEMENT
Sea Technology is the worldwide information leader for marine business, science & engineering. Our goal is to provide our global audience with current information on the various segments of the worldwide marine/ocean
industry through state-of-the-art and application articles, news columns, and staff reports; and to provide our advertisers with a cost-effective, valuable, and useful vehicle by which to promote their products and services.
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is edited for executives, scientists, engineering and technical personnel in industry, government, and education engaged in the field of undersea defense, oceanography, anti-submarine warfare, marine sciences,
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no responsibility in connection with any liability that might occur as a result of published material.

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T O TA L O C E A N

MARKET COVERAGE 2021

The only magazine that addresses the

MAY ADVERTISING CLOSES ON

BONUS INFORMATION TO KEEP

NOVEMBER EDITORIAL ADVERTISING

**These events are dependent on COVID-19 restrictions.

Compass Publications, Inc.

Leveraging the foremost expertise in ultrasonic and

Collaboration • Innovation • Prototype • Production • Solutions

24 MASSA PRODUCTS CORP.: MORE THAN 75 YEARS MAKING HISTORY IN

28 OFFSHORE WEATHER AWARENESS

35 Marine Renewables 46 Professional Services Directory

36 Product Development 47 Soapbox

38 Marine Resources 48 Advertiser Index

www.sea-technology.com June 2021 | ST 5

6 ST | June 2021 www.sea-technology.com

The Pursuit of a Complete

S atellite-derived bathymetry (SDB) technology has

Seafloor sand waves offshore Mono-

8 ST | June 2021 www.sea-technology.com

www.sea-technology.com June 2021 | ST 9

extracted from Sentinel-2 and ICE-

Kyle Goodrich is the president and founder

Ross Smith began his geospatial career in 2011

12 ST | June 2021 www.sea-technology.com

Y ou’re a marine roboticist, white-knuckling the edge

Launching a UUV with AutoTRap Onboard.

www.sea-technology.com June 2021 | ST 13

Onboard delivers real-time, actionable information on Lost Shipping Containers

14 ST | June 2021 www.sea-technology.com

16 ST | June 2021 www.sea-technology.com

www.sea-technology.com June 2021 | ST 17

What’s Next? Dr. Arjuna Balasuriya has served as chief sci-

Don’t settle for less - challenge your ROV

Learn more www.copenhagensubsea.com

18 ST | June 2021 www.sea-technology.com

T he division of Hydro & Biomass of the Axpo Group in

www.sea-technology.com June 2021 | ST 19

20 ST | June 2021 www.sea-technology.com

Delph Geo Software:

22 ST | June 2021 www.sea-technology.com

www.sea-technology.com June 2021 | ST 23

Massa Products Corp.

M assa Products Corp., founded in

24 ST | June 2021 www.sea-technology.com

www.sea-technology.com June 2021 | ST 25

26 ST | June 2021 www.sea-technology.com

only 12 percent of fam- loads/2017/08/Sea_Technology_November_1985.pdf).

www.sea-technology.com June 2021 | ST 27

W ith the demand for renewable energy growing at

Vaisala WindCube Offshore v2 at a wind farm in the North

28 ST | June 2021 www.sea-technology.com

www.sea-technology.com June 2021 | ST 29

30 ST | June 2021 www.sea-technology.com

www.sea-technology.com June 2021 | ST 31

32 ST | June 2021 www.sea-technology.com

Powerful and silent subsea thrusters from

The ROV thrusters are responsive, powerful

COPENHAGEN SUBSEA A/S