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    Automotive Self Driving Cars

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    Sarika Singh
    Self-driving cars, also known as autonomous or driverless cars, are equipped with sensors and software that allow them to control, drive, and navigate without human input. Currently there are no fully autonomous vehicles, but some countries have vehicles with partial automation. Self-driving cars work by using sensors like radar, lasers and cameras to sense their environment, along with GPS and maps, to navigate without human assistance. The technology processes sensor data to localize itself, detect obstacles, plan a path and control steering, braking and acceleration. While the technology offers advantages like increased safety, reduced emissions and traffic, challenges include cost, operating issues in some weather, and potential job losses.

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    Automotive Self Driving Cars

    Uploaded by

    Sarika Singh
    143 views2 pages
    Self-driving cars, also known as autonomous or driverless cars, are equipped with sensors and software that allow them to control, drive, and navigate without human input. Currently there are no fully autonomous vehicles, but some countries have vehicles with partial automation. Self-driving cars work by using sensors like radar, lasers and cameras to sense their environment, along with GPS and maps, to navigate without human assistance. The technology processes sensor data to localize itself, detect obstacles, plan a path and control steering, braking and acceleration. While the technology offers advantages like increased safety, reduced emissions and traffic, challenges include cost, operating issues in some weather, and potential job losses.

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    AutomotiveSelfDrivingCars

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    Self-driving cars, also known as autonomous or driverless cars, are equipped with sensors and software that allow them to control, drive, and navigate without human input. Currently there are no fully autonomous vehicles, but some countries have vehicles with partial automation. Self-driving cars work by using sensors like radar, lasers and cameras to sense their environment, along with GPS and maps, to navigate without human assistance. The technology processes sensor data to localize itself, detect obstacles, plan a path and control steering, braking and acceleration. While the technology offers advantages like increased safety, reduced emissions and traffic, challenges include cost, operating issues in some weather, and potential job losses.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as txt, pdf, or txt
    143 views2 pages

    Automotive Self Driving Cars

    Uploaded by

    Sarika Singh
    Self-driving cars, also known as autonomous or driverless cars, are equipped with sensors and software that allow them to control, drive, and navigate without human input. Currently there are no fully autonomous vehicles, but some countries have vehicles with partial automation. Self-driving cars work by using sensors like radar, lasers and cameras to sense their environment, along with GPS and maps, to navigate without human assistance. The technology processes sensor data to localize itself, detect obstacles, plan a path and control steering, braking and acceleration. While the technology offers advantages like increased safety, reduced emissions and traffic, challenges include cost, operating issues in some weather, and potential job losses.

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    Self-driving cars are those that do not require human drivers to take control of

    the vehicle to operate it. These vehicles are also known as autonomous or
    driverless cars. They are equipped with sensors and software to control, drive and
    navigate the vehicle.

    Presently, there are no fully-autonomous vehicles that are operating on the roads.
    However, in some advanced countries, you will come across partial-autonomous
    vehicles that require varying amounts of self-automation compared to conventional
    vehicles. The technology of self-driven cars is becoming increasingly common which
    could fundamentally transform the transportation system.

    How does a self-driving car work?


    A self-driving car is one that is able to drive on its own by sensing the
    environment and navigating without any human aid. To ensure that the vehicles can
    run on their own they are usually equipped with an inertial navigation system, a
    GPS unit and a series of sensors that include radar, laser rangefinders and video.
    The vehicle uses positional statistics from the GPS and inertial navigation system
    to focus and sense data to upgrade its position, estimate and shape up a 3D-image
    of its environment.

    Most of the self-driving car control systems are capable of making smart decisions
    by:

    -Conserving an internal map of its own world.


    -Using this map to find the best path to reach its destination avoiding obstacles
    like road structures, pedestrians and other vehicles.
    -Once the vehicle defines the best path to take, this decision is split into
    several commands, which are then fed to the vehicle’s actuators. These actuators
    take control of the vehicle’s steering, throttle and brake. The entire process of
    mapping, obstacle avoidance, localization and path planning is constantly repeated
    by powerful onboard processors until the car reaches its destination.
    -Different car manufacturers use different sensors and algorithms, depending on
    their budget and operational constraints but the process is similar.

    What are the advantages of an autonomous car?


    -Lesser traffic
    Since driverless cars constantly communicate with each other they are able to
    identify the best route which helps in spreading the traffic.
    Improved transportation service
    in future, driverless cars would shift to car-sharing service making it more
    affordable.
    -A lot safer
    The cars that can self-drive are able to eliminate 90% of the chances of road
    accidents in the US alone. This would save thousands of lives.
    -Reduced emission
    Ever since 1990 to 2007 the global emission of CO2 has risen by 45%. The
    introduction of these electric cars can check this emission of greenhouse gases by
    87 to 94% per mile by the year 2030.
    -Increase of free time
    While riding in fully autonomous cars all you need to do is, sit back and relax and
    let the car do its job. You can utilize this time in reading books, playing video
    games or have a casual conversation over the phone.
    -Enjoy better health
    Facing lesser traffic can improve your overall health. Studies show traffic jams
    are the cause of high blood pressure, anxiety and depression. This leads to
    decreased cardiovascular fitness and affects the quality of sleep.
    -Increased technical job opportunities
    It is true, autonomous cars will snatch jobs in few areas. But on the other side,
    it will create new job opportunities for software developers, machine experts and
    wireless network engineers.

    Disadvantages:
    -A self-driving car would be a lot unaffordable for most people, with an average
    cost of over $100,000.
    -Any kind of system malfunction or even a minor glitch could lead to a far worse
    accident than that caused by any human error.
    -Since driverless cars are programmed to obey each and every rules and regulation,
    it can lead to much slower traffic. These vehicles usually behave like learner
    drivers who are initially slow, timid and conservative. When the road is shared
    with human drivers, it can be really annoying to navigate for these human drivers.
    -Maintenance of the cars would be overlooked. Some governmental rules would have to
    be established to make ensure every driverless vehicle is mechanically sound and
    up-to-date.
    -It has been noticed that autonomous cars have difficulty operating in some
    specific weather conditions. Like in the case of heavy rain it can interfere with
    its roof-mounted laser sensors and snow can interfere with the cameras.
    -Since these vehicles work based on GPS and other technologies, these might not
    register certain obstacles like potholes, recent alterations in the road conditions
    and newly posted signboards.
    -There would be a major up-gradations required for the road and infrastructure to
    make these driverless vehicles fully operational.
    -Since these vehicles are entirely based on technology, it would be really easy for
    the hackers to take control of the vehicle’s software, which will affect its
    operation leading to a major safety concern.
    -Most drives of the regular cabs or Uber, truck drivers and other delivery boys of
    fast food and e-commerce will eventually lose their jobs as these autonomous cars
    take over.

    Future of Self-driving car in India:


    When it comes to autonomous cars, Indian roads are still a challenge compared to
    the roads in western countries. But then again, we can see that the demand for
    these driverless cars is highest in India. Also, there is huge potential for these
    vehicles to succeed in the Indian market. Presently, Indian roads are highly
    congested and thus not fit for autonomous cars.

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