Productivity Improvement By Time Study

CHAPTER- 1

INTRODUCTION
Time study is used to determine the time required by a qualified and well-trained person
working at a normal pace to do specific task, ILO describes time study as a work
measurement technique for recording the times and rates of working for the elements of
specified job carried out under specified conditions and for analyzing the data so as to obtain
the time necessary for carrying out the job at a defined level of performance.

The result of time study is called the standard time. It means the time required to perform the
operation with the conditions fully qualified, trained operator, working at standard pace and
exerting average effort. Certain fundamental requirements before conducting time study
should be made. There are methods or part of the method has been altered, the operator
should be thoroughly acquainted with the new technique before the operation is studied.

Productivity is the efficiency of production of goods or services expressed by some measure.

Measurements of productivity are expressed as a ratio of an aggregate output to a single input
or an aggregate input used in a production process, output per unit of input, typically over a
specific period of time. The most common example is the aggregate labour productivity
measure.

Labour is the most common of the factors used in measuring productivity. One reason for this
is, the relatively large share of labour costs in the value of most products. A second reason is
that labour inputs are measured more easily.

1.1 Definition of Time Study

Time study is a structured process of directly observing and measuring human work using a
timing device to establish the time required for completion of the work by a qualified worker
when working at a defined level of performance.
The aim of time study is to establish a time for a qualified worker to perform specified work
under stated conditions and at a defined rate of working.
Normal time also called as the base time or levelled time is the time that a trained worker
needs to complete the task at a normal pace. The Standard time is the time taken by an
employee to complete the work with 100% efficiency having some unavoidable situations
leading to delays.

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Productivity Improvement By Time Study

Time study is the examination and analysis of time and motion required to complete an
action. a study of each of the steps in an operation or procedure and the time consumed by
them, for the purpose of devising methods of increasing efficiency or productivity of
workers.
Time study, when properly undertaken, involves the use of specific control mechanisms to
ensure that timing errors are within acceptable limits. Increasingly, timing is by electronic
devices rather than by mechanical stopwatch; some of these devices also assist in subsequent
stages of the study by carrying out the process of "extending" or converting observed times
into basic times. The basic time is the time the element would take if performed at a specified
standard rating.

How to do a time study: a step-by-step:

❖ Observe the manufacturing process.
❖ Decide on a fixed beginning and ending point.
❖ Break the manufacturing process into steps and determine their beginning and end
points.
❖ Record the data.
❖ Analyse the data.

1.2 An Overview
Time study is a very flexible technique, suitable for a wide range of work performed under a
various conditions, although it is difficult to time jobs with very short cycle times (of a few
seconds). Because it is a direct observation technique, it takes account of specific and special
conditions but it does rely on the use of the subjective process of rating. However, if properly
carried out it produces consistent results and it is widely used. Additionally, the use of
electronic data capture devices and personal computers for analysis makes it much more cost
effective than previously.
Subsequent studies are taken during which the observer times each occurrence of each
element using a stopwatch or other timing device while at the same time making an
assessment of the worker's rate of working on an agreed rating scale.
One of the prime reasons for measuring elements of work, rather than the work as a whole is
to facilitate the process of rating. The rate at which a worker works will vary over time; if
elements are carefully selected, the rate of working should be consistent for the relatively
short duration of the element. This assessment of rating is later used to convert the observed
time for the element into a basic time.

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Productivity Improvement By Time Study

1.3 History
Time study began in the 1880s as a means of wage-rate setting by Frederick W.
Motion study was developed by Frank B. Gilbreth and Lillian M. Gilbreth and consists of a
wide variety of procedures for the description, systematic analysis and means of improving
work methods.

Time study is the art of observing and recording the time required to do each detailed element
of an "industrial operation”. Time study standardizes the time taken by the average worker to
perform these operations. Father of time study is Frederick Winslow Taylor (F.W.Taylor).

Time-and-motion studies were first instituted in offices and factories in the United States in
the early 20th century. These studies came to be adopted on a wide scale as a means of
improving the methods of work by subdividing the different operations of a job into
measurable elements. Time and motion study is set of tools used by industrial engineers to
increase operational efficiency through work simplification and the setting of standards,
usually in combination with a wage-incentive system designed to increase worker motivation.

1.4 Time recording techniques used in time study

❖ Stop watch method.

❖ Time recording machine.
❖ Motion picture camera.
➢ Stop watch method:
Stop watch time study is one of the equipment used for time study. It is employed for
measuring the time taken by an operator to complete the work. A large hand in
the stop watch is revolved at a speed of one revolution per minute. The dial of the stop
watch is divided into 100 equal divisions.
➢ Time recording machine:
It is used to assist in tracking the hand movement of an employee.
➢ Motion picture camera:
It is also called as movie camera, any of various complex
photographic cameras that are designed to record a succession of images on a reel
of film that is repositioned after each exposure.
Since time study is essentially a sampling technique in which the value of
the time required for the job is based on the observed times for a sample of
observations, it is possible using statistical techniques to estimate the number of
observations required under specific conditions.

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Productivity Improvement By Time Study

1.5 Objectives of time study

❖ Target time for each job can be scientifically estimated. With this estimate realistic
schedules and manpower requirements can be prepared.
❖ Sound comparison of alternative methods is possible by comparing their basic times.
❖ Useful wage incentive schemes can be formulated on the basis of target times.
❖ It leads to proper balancing of the work distribution.
❖ It helps to analyse the activities for performing a job with the view to eliminate or
reduce unnecessary or repetitive operations so that human effort can be minimized.
❖ To standardise the efficient method of performing operations.
❖ To standardise conditions for efficient performance.
❖ To determine man and machines ratio for effective and efficient utilisation of both.

1.6 Advantages of Time Study

(a) To plan future production.

(b) To evaluate performance of workers or of the production system.

(A) To plan future production.

❖ Estimation of equipment or machinery requirements.

❖ Estimation of production cost per unit in order to determine/fix selling price.

❖ Estimating manpower requirements.

❖ Taking make or buy decisions.

❖ Balancing the work of operators constituting a group.

❖ Estimating delivery dates.

❖ Estimating times required for a specified inventory level generation.

❖ Estimation of labour costs.

❖ Making alternative investment decision in purchasing machines/ equipment.

❖ Developing efficient plant layout and material handling arrangement.

(B) To evaluate performance of workers or of the production system.

❖ The evaluation of productivity of various work stations.

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Productivity Improvement By Time Study

❖ The development of individual or group incentive schemes for above average

performance.

1.7 Limitations of Time Study

❖ Standards cannot be established by this technique on jobs which are not well defined.

❖ In situations where it is difficult to define quality precisely standards and production

incentives may cause deterioration in quality levels.

❖ It is not possible to maintain standards where piece rate system of wage payment
exists.

❖ Labour unions may oppose the application of time study where they are strong.

❖ Time study is applicable only where the work is visible. So, it can be applied only in
manual job.

❖ Only specific type of jobs which have identifiable starting and ending points can be
timed accurately.

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Productivity Improvement By Time Study

CHAPTER- 2
COMPANY PROFILE

SREE SIRI INDUSTRIES PVT LTD

Company Name: Sree Siri Industries Pvt Ltd.

Company Location: M N Kote Gubbi (Tq) Tumkur (Dist) Karnataka
Managing Director: Mr.Siddaramanna M R

2.1 About the company:

Sree Siri industries was established in the year 1996. The products are natural, compostable
and biodegradable yet look stylish. This areca leaf plates are having huge demand in India
and abroad. Areca leaf plates are good replacement for thermocol plates, paper plates and
plastic plates as they are eco-friendly.
These are made from the shredded leaves of the Areca palm trees.

2.2 Vision
To be a leading eco- friendly areca leaf plates product manufacturer with the intention to
make our customers, employees, suppliers and environment happy.

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Productivity Improvement By Time Study

2.3 Mission
By introducing innovative Areca nut leaf products with superior quality and minimal
environment effect at affordable cost, we are committed to be a highly creative and socially
responsible eco-friendly product manufacturer in India.

Steps followed to manufacture areca leaf plates are:

❖ Areca palms leaves with the sheaths attached to it fall naturally from the trees three or
four times a year.
❖ Cleaning.
❖ Simultaneous hydraulic die-pressing and heating.
❖ Finishing.
❖ After finishing the plates contains high moisture content, then the plates need to be
used immediately or to be dried.
❖ Recycling of areca leaf waste.

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Productivity Improvement By Time Study

2.4 Shop floor photos

Areca leaf plate manufacturing machine

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Productivity Improvement By Time Study

2.5 Dimensions of plates manufactured

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Productivity Improvement By Time Study

CHAPTER- 3

LITERATURE SURVEY

Lusia Permata Sari Hartanti et. al. [1] - The research was conducted at a manufacture
industry in Indonesia that produce plastic product. Changes continually taking place in
industrial and business area must be considered both economically and practically. The way
an industrial or business can grow and has sustainability is by increasing its productivity.
Productivity is the key to determine the success of a company. Generally productivity is
described as the ratio of output to some or all of the resources used to produce the output.
Operationalized as the ratio of output to input, the productivity measures aims at identifying
how efficiently the resources in a system are used in producing the desired output.

Chandra Prakash S et. al. [2] - After first week of observation and then employing Time
and Motion Study correction, we can observe this method proves to be one of the efficient
methods of monitoring and controlling. Result show that time and motion study can be
employed to construction sector with promising results. One can optimize the work,
standardize the work, proper distribution of human resources can be achieved which
ultimately helps in man power econ.

Usman Ghani et. al. [3] - Improve the methods or procedures adopted in performance of
various jobs, develop suitable working conditions, the task must be oriented to achieve target
that is number of cartons packed per day, number of trays filled and disposed, to implement
the recommended standard method, the worker must be trained properly. Keep the materials
which are frequently used, to the right of the body just in between the normal and maximum
working area.

Parshetty Siddheshwar et. al. [4] - This research uses systematic observation, flow process
and stopwatch time study as research methodology. We concluded that the improvement of
work process was executed by eliminating and combining of work process point by using
different applications to reduce the inspection time.

Afraz Rajiwate et. al. [5] - Increasing motivation levels of workers, keeping the tool box
which is needed during the machine breakdown or for cleaning purpose, proper safety
measures, calculation of standard times and following those time standards and allowances
helped in increase the production causing the productivity to increase. Time study and motion
study contributed to achieve high productivity rate. By following these time standards
scheduling of the required quantity of product was done and was found to be precise.

3.1 Gap in the literature survey

After reviewing the journal papers, it was found that there was no extensive study or research
regarding the productivity improvement by time study in areca leaf plate industry. Hence this
project work concentrated on reduction of production time and increase in the total revenue
of areca leaf plates.

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Productivity Improvement By Time Study

3.2 Objectives of project work

➢ To break the job into elements.
➢ Determination of standard time using Industrial Engineering tools and techniques.
➢ Proposing a new method for manufacturing the areca leaf plates which will reduce the
production time and increases the revenue.

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Productivity Improvement By Time Study

CHAPTER- 4

PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION
The existing method to manufacture the areca leaf plate are shown below:

❖ The sheath of the areca leaf cleaned and soaked in water for approximately 10
minutes and shade dried for 20 minutes
❖ Take one areca leaf and place on the machine
❖ Start processing and note down the time taken for processing for one plate
❖ After simultaneous hydraulic die pressing and heating, take the plate and dump into
the crate
❖ Note down the time taken from starting point to ending point
❖ Repeat the process for several trials

It was found that there was wastage of time in the production.

4.1 Industrial engineering tools and techniques used in this

project work

➢ Breaking the job into elements.

➢ Using the stop watch to record the time.
➢ Rating the performance of worker.
➢ Recording the details in the time study forms.

➢ Breaking the job into elements :-

It is necessary to break down work into elements for at least the following reasons.
▪ To ensure that effective time separated from ineffective time.
▪ To permit the rate of performance to be assessed accurately.
▪ To enable the correct relaxation allowance to be given to each element.

➢ Use the stop watch to record the time:-

Pressing the top button starts the timer running and pressing the button a
second time stops it, leaving the elapsed time displayed. A press of the second button
then reset the stopwatch to zero. The second button is also used
to record split times or lap times.

➢ Rating the performance of worker:-

Most workers want to know how they are doing on the
job. Workers need performance feedback to work effectively.

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Productivity Improvement By Time Study

Standard performance is denoted as 100. A performance rating greater than 100

means the worker's performance is more than standard and less than 100 means
the worker's performance is less than standard.

➢ Recording the details in the time study forms:-

Time study is a structured process of directly observing and measuring human work
using a timing device to establish the time required for completion of the work by a
qualified worker when working at a defined level of performance.

The job is broken into 3 elements, they are:

1. Taking up a dried areca leaf and place on the machine.
2. Recording the processing time.
3. Dumping the manufactured plate in the crate.

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 Productivity Improvement By Time Study

CHAPTER- 5
TIME STUDY FOR EXISTING METHOD

5.1 12 Inches plate

Basic time calculation:

Trial Element 1 Element 2 Element 3 Total time Rating Basic

no. (sec) time
% (sec)

1 4.3 4.3 65.5 61.2 70 4.5 70 100 70

2 4.1 4.1 66.2 62.1 71.4 5.2 71.4 95 67.83

3 4.6 4.6 65.6 61 70.3 4.7 70.3 95 66.78

4 4 4 65.3 61.3 69.8 4.5 69.8 105 73.29

5 4.9 4.9 66.3 61.4 70.9 4.6 70.9 100 70.9

Formulae used :

Basic time = (Observed time * rating)/ 100

= (70*100)/100

= 70 seconds

Average Basic time = Total basic time/no. of trials

= 348.8/5

= 69.76 seconds

Standard time = Average basic time + Allowances (5% of Basic time )

= 69.76 + 3.48 = 73.248 seconds

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 Productivity Improvement By Time Study

5.2 10 Inches plate

Basic time calculation:
Trial Element 1 Element 2 Element 3 Total Rating% Basic
no. time time
(sec) (sec)

1 4.3 4.3 84.9 80.5 89.2 4.3 89.2 105 93.66

2 4.1 4.1 85.2 81.1 90.0 4.8 90.0 100 90.0

3 3.9 3.9 84.4 80.5 89.6 5.2 89.6 105 94.08

4 4.1 4.1 84.8 80.7 89.9 5.1 89.9 100 89.9

5 4.3 4.3 85.1 80.8 89.7 4.6 89.7 95 85.21

Basic time = (89.2*105)/ 100

= 93.66 seconds

Average basic time = 442.85/5

= 88.57 seconds

Standard time = 88.57 + 4.42 = 92.99 seconds

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 Productivity Improvement By Time Study

5.3 8 Inches plate

Basic time calculation:
Trial Element 1 Element 2 Element 3 Total time Rating% Basic
no. (sec) time
(sec)

1 4.6 4.6 95.1 90.5 99.1 4 99.1 105 104.05

2 4.2 4.2 94.8 90.4 98.9 4.1 98.9 100 98.9

3 4.5 4.5 94.6 90.1 98.8 4.2 98.8 100 98.8

4 4.2 4.2 95.3 91.9 99.4 4.1 99.4 105 104.37

5 4.1 4.1 94.1 90.0 97.8 3.7 97.8 95 92.91

Basic time = (99.1*105)/ 100

= 104.05 seconds

Average basic time = 499.03/5

= 99.806 seconds

Standard time = 99.806 + 4.99 = 104.79 seconds

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 Productivity Improvement By Time Study

5.4 6 Inches plate

Basic time calculation:
Trial Element 1 Element 2 Element 3 Total time Rating% Basic
no. (sec) time
(sec)

1 4.5 4.5 125.1 120.5 130.0 4.9 130.0 105 136.50

2 4.1 4.1 124.6 120.5 129.2 4.6 129.2 100 129.2

3 4.4 4.4 124.6 120.2 128.9 4.3 128.9 95 122.45

4 4.0 4.0 124.3 120.3 129.1 4.8 129.1 100 129.1

5 4.2 4.2 125.2 121.0 129.6 4.4 129.6 95 123.12

Basic time = (136.50*100)/ 100

= 136.50 seconds

Average basic time = 640.37/5

= 128.07 seconds

Standard time = 128.07 + 6.40 = 134.47 seconds

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 Productivity Improvement By Time Study

5.5 5.5 Inches plate

Basic time calculation:
Trial Element 1 Element 2 Element 3 Total Rating% Basic
no. time(sec) time
(sec)

1 5.1 5.1 216.3 211.2 220.6 4.3 220.6 105 231.63

2 4.4 4.4 218.1 213.7 222.8 4.7 222.8 100 222.8

3 4.8 4.8 215.1 210.3 219.9 4.8 219.9 95 208.90

4 4.1 4.1 216.3 212.2 221.0 4.7 221.0 100 221.0

5 4.7 4.7 219.2 214.5 223.8 4.6 223.8 105 234.99

Basic time = (220.6*105)/ 100

= 231.63 seconds

Average basic time = 1119.32/5

= 223.86 seconds

Standard time = 223.86+ 11.19 = 235.05 seconds

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 Productivity Improvement By Time Study

5.6 4.5 Inches plate

Basic time calculation:

Trial Element 1 Element 2 Element 3 Total time Rating% Basic

no. (sec) time
(sec)

1 4.3 4.3 305.1 300.8 309.9 4.8 309.9 100 309.9

2 4.1 4.1 309.1 305 313.6 4.5 313.6 95 297.92

3 5.3 5.3 308.3 303.0 312.2 3.9 312.2 105 327.81

4 4.9 4.9 312.2 307.3 316.1 3.9 316.1 105 331.90

5 4.6 4.6 303.3 302.0 310.4 3.8 310.4 100 310.4

Basic time = (309.9*100)/ 100

= 309.9 seconds

Average basic time = 1577.93/5

= 315.586 seconds

Standard time = 315.586 + 15.7 = 331.36 seconds

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Productivity Improvement By Time Study

5.7 Standard time of existing method for all plates

Hydraulically operated machine

Sl.no Dimension of the plate (inches) Standard time of existing method in (sec)

1 12 73.248

2 10 92.99

3 8 104.79

4 6 134.47

Manually operated machine

5 5.5 235.05

6 4.5 331.36

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 Productivity Improvement By Time Study

CHAPTER- 6

PROPOSED METHOD
A new method is proposed which will improve the productivity:

❖ The sheath of the areca leaf cleaned and soaked in water for approximately 10
minutes and shade dried for 20 minutes
❖ First collect all the areca leaf and place behind the machine
❖ Take areca leaf and place on the machine and start processing
❖ After processing take the finished plate and dump into the crate that is placed
behind the machine
❖ Note down the time taken from starting point to the ending point
❖ Repeat the above process and note down the time

6.1 12 Inches plate

Basic time calculation:

Trial Element 1 Element 2 Element 3 Total time Rating% Basic
no. (sec) time
(sec)

1 2.2 2.2 62.8 60.6 65.1 2.3 65.1 100 65.1

2 2.1 2.1 62.2 60.1 64.9 2.7 64.9 105 68.14

3 2.1 2.1 62.4 60.3 64.8 2.4 64.8 100 64.8

4 2.3 2.3 63.1 60.8 65 1.89 65 95 61.75

5 2.2 2.2 62.6 60.4 64.7 2.1 64.7 95 61.46

Formulae used:
Basic time = (Observed time * rating)/ 100

= (65.1*100)/ 100

= 65.1 seconds

Average Basic time = Total basic time/no. of trials

= 321.25/5

= 64.25 seconds

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 Productivity Improvement By Time Study

Standard time = Average basic time + Allowances (5% of Basic time )

= 64.25 + 3.212 = 67.462 seconds

Formula to calculate percentage of time saved :

% of time saved = {(T present – T proposed )/ T proposed}* 100

= {(73.248 – 67.462)/ 67.462}*100

% of time saved = 8.57%

6.2 10 Inches plate

Basic time calculation:

Trial Element 1 Element 2 Element 3 Total Rating% Basic
no. time (sec) time
(sec)

1 2.4 2.4 82.5 80.1 84.7 2.2 84.7 95 80.46

2 2.1 2.1 82.4 80.3 84.9 2.5 84.9 95 80.65

3 2.3 2.3 82.9 80.5 85.0 2.1 85.0 100 85.0

4 2.3 2.3 83.1 80.8 85.3 2.2 85.3 105 89.56

5 2.0 2.0 82.2 80.2 84.8 2.6 84.8 100 84.8

Basic time = (84.7*95)/ 100

= 80.46 seconds

Average basic time = 420.47/5

= 84.094 seconds

Standard time = 84.094 + 4.20 = 88.29 seconds

Formula to calculate percentage of time saved :

% of time saved = {(T present – T proposed )/ T proposed}* 100

= {(92.99 – 88.29)/ 88.29}*100

% of time saved = 5.32%

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 Productivity Improvement By Time Study

6.3 8 Inches plate

Basic time calculation:
Trial Element 1 Element 2 Element 3 Total time Rating Basic
no. (sec) time
% (sec)

1 2.0 2.0 92.1 90.1 94.0 1.9 94.0 100 94.0

2 2.2 2.2 92.4 90.2 94.6 2.2 94.6 95 89.87

3 2.1 2.1 93.0 90.9 95.1 2.1 95.1 90 85.59

4 2.4 2.4 92.89 90.5 95.3 2.4 95.3 105 100.06

5 2.2 2.2 92.9 90.7 94.9 2.0 94.9 105 99.64

Basic time = (94.0*100)/ 100

= 94.0 seconds

Average basic time = 469.16/5

= 93.83 seconds

Standard time = 93.83 + 4.69 = 98.52 seconds

Formula to calculate percentage of time saved

% of time saved = {(T present – T proposed )/ T proposed}* 100

= {(104.79 – 98.52)/ 98.5}*100

% of time saved = 6.36%

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6.4 6 Inches plate

Basic time calculation:

Trial Element 1 Element 2 Element 3 Total Rating% Basic

no. time (sec) time (sec)

1 2.2 2.2 122.3 120.1 124.4 2.1 124.4 95 118.18

2 2.1 2.1 122.4 120.3 124.8 2.4 124.8 95 118.56

3 2.6 2.6 123.1 120.5 125.6 2.5 125.6 100 125.6

4 2.4 2.4 123.2 120.8 125.3 2.1 125.3 105 131.56

5 2.2 2.2 122.4 120.2 124.6 2.2 124.6 100 124.6

Basic time = (124.4*95)/ 100

= 118.18 seconds

Average basic time = 618.5/5

= 123.7 seconds

Standard time = 123.7 + 6.185 = 129.88 seconds

Formula to calculate percentage of time saved :

% of time saved = {(T present – T proposed ) / T proposed}* 100

= {(134.47 – 129.88)/ 129.88}*100

% of time saved = 3.53%

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 Productivity Improvement By Time Study

6.5 5.5 Inches plate

Basic time calculation:

Trial Element 1 Element 2 Element 3 Total time Rating% Basic

no. (sec) time
(sec)

1 2.8 2.8 213.2 210.4 215.9 2.7 215.9 100 215.9

2 2.2 2.2 212.4 210.2 214.8 2.4 214.8 95 204.06

3 2.1 2.1 215.1 213.0 217.9 2.8 217.9 105 228.79

4 2.7 2.7 214.8 212.1 217.0 2.2 217.0 100 217.0

5 2.3 2.3 214.3 212.0 216.9 2.6 216.9 95 206.05

Basic time = (215.9*100)/ 100

= 215.9seconds

Average basic time = 1071.8/5

= 214.36seconds

Standard time = 214.36 + 10.71 = 225.07 seconds

Formula to calculate percentage of time saved :

% of time saved = {(T present – T proposed )/ T proposed}* 100

= {(235.05 – 225.36)/ 225.36}*100

% of time saved = 4.43%

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6.6 4.5 Inches plate

Basic time calculation:

Trial Element 1 Element 2 Element 3 Total Rating% Basic

no. time (sec) time
(sec)

1 2.4 2.4 303.4 301.0 305.5 2.1 305.5 100 305.5

2 2.9 2.9 305.1 302.2 307.8 2.7 307.8 90 277.70

3 2.1 2.1 302.3 300.2 305.0 2.7 305.0 95 289.75

4 3.0 3.0 303.9 300.9 306.1 2.2 306.1 100 306.1

5 2.6 2.6 306.9 304.3 309.3 2.4 309.3 105 324.76

Basic time = (305.5*100)/ 100

= 305.5seconds

Average basic time = 1503.81/5

= 300.762seconds

Standard time = 300.762 + 15.0 = 315.80 seconds

Formula to calculate percentage of time saved :

% of time saved = {(T present – T proposed )/ T proposed}* 100

= {(331.36 – 315.80)/ 315.80}*100

% of time saved = 4.92%

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Productivity Improvement By Time Study

6.7 Standard time of proposed method for all plates

Hydraulically operated machine

Sl.No Dimension of the plate (inches) Standard time of proposed method (sec)

1 12 67.462

2 10 88.29

3 8 98.52

4 6 129.88

Manually operated machine

5 5.5 225.07

6 4.5 315.80

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Productivity Improvement By Time Study

CHAPTER-7

RESULT AND DISCUSSIONS

The following table shows the comparison between the present method and proposed method
for better improvement of productivity and savings of the time.

Sl.no Dimension of Standard time of Standard time % of time

the plate present method of proposed saved
(inches) (sec) method (sec)

1 12 73.248 67.462 8.57

2 10 92.99 88.29 5.32

3 8 104.79 98.52 6.63

4 6 134.47 129.88 3.53

5 5.5 235.05 225.07 4.43

6 4.5 331.36 315.80 4.92

Total revenue calculation :

Plates Selling Present Proposed Total

(inches) price/ revenue
Plate increased
Plates Total Plates Total
(Rs) (Rs)
produced/ revenue produced/ revenue
day (Rs) day (Rs)
12 3.5 390 1365 426 1491 126

10 3.0 310 930 326 978 48

8 2.0 274 548 295 590 42

6 1.5 215 322.5 225 337.5 15

5.5 1.20 120 144 128 153.6 9.6

4.5 1.0 85 85 92 92 7

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Productivity Improvement By Time Study

CHAPTER- 8

CONCLUSION
Productivity improvement by time study in areca leaf plate industry was carried out at Sree
Siri industries Pvt. Ltd. M N Kote, Gubbi(tq).

The standard time for manufacturing one 12 inches areca leaf plate was 73.248 seconds, after
using Industrial Engineering tools and techniques a new method was proposed, the standard
time was 67.462 seconds.
Benefits of Productivity improvement by time study
➢ Business improvement.

➢ Increase in the profit.

➢ Customer satisfaction

➢ Business improvement:
Customers are easily satisfied, the productivity increases and profitability of the company
increases. Hence the business improves.

➢ Increase in the profit:

Reduction in the maintenance cost of inventory. Thus there is an increase in the profitability
of the company.

➢ Customer satisfaction:
The company deliveries the product to the customer within time according to requirement.
Therefore, good relationship is maintained between the customers and the organization.

To conclude the standard time of manufacturing the areca leaf plates will be reduced, thereby
increase in the production and revenue.

Dept. of IEM, SSIT Page: 29

Productivity Improvement By Time Study

CHAPTER- 9

REFERENCES

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