Unit 5.

Sensors & Transducers MCQ

MCQ on introduction to Sensors & Transducers

1. What are the possible forms of energy transmission that can be undertaken by a transducer?
a) Acoustical
b) Electrical
c) Mechanical
d) All of the above

2. _____ is a device which convert any form of physical energy in to electrical energy.
a) Resistors
b) Transducer
c) Capacitor
d) inductors

3. Function of transducer is to convert-

a) Electrical signal into non electrical quantity
b) Non electrical quantity into electrical signal
c) Electrical signal into mechanical quantity
d) All of these

4. Sound to electrical energy transducer:

a) Microphone
b) AFR
c) Tactile sensor
d) Pellistor

5. A sensor is a device that converts:

a) Physical quantity into measurable signals
b) Physical quantity into mechanical signal
c) Electrical signal into physical quantity
d) Physical quantity into electric signal only

6. The output of a transducer must-

a) be different at different environment conditions
b) be same at all environment conditions
c) be same at some environment conditions
d) be zero always

7. The output of a transducer must be-

a) low
b) medium
c) high
d) zero

8. The size of a transducer must be-

a) infinite
b) zero
c) large
d) small

9. A transducer must be-

a) quick in response
b) slow in response
c) medium in response
 d) very slow in response

10. The output of a transducer must-

a) be less reliable
b) be highly reliable
c) not be reliable
d) be of medium reliability

11. The range of a transducer is-

a) medium
b) narrow
c) large
d) zero

12. The transducer output is-

a) exponential
b) unit step
c) non-linear
d) linear

13. Transducers must operate under-

a) zero electromagnetic field
b) constant electromagnetic fields
c) varying electromagnetic fields
d) infinite electromagnetic field

14. Errors can be minimised in some transducers through-

a) power compensation
b) voltage compensation
c) resistance compensation
d) temperature compensation

15. Resolution of a transducer depends on-

a) Material of wire
b) Length of wire
c) Diameter of wire
d) Excitation voltage

16. The smallest change in measurand that will result in a measurable change in the transducer output is
called as-
a) Offset
b) Linearity
c) Resolution
d) threshold

17. How can a transducer be used in the environment with vibrations?

a) using shock absorbers
b) using proper grounding
c) using effective voltage
d) using a transformer

18. What is the term used to express ability of a measuring system to maintain its standard performance?
a) Zero stability
b) Linearity
c) Sensitivity
 d) Stability

19. Closeness of measured value to true value is-

a) Uncertainty
b) Precision
c) Accuracy
d) Correction

20. A transducer must have-

a) maximum loading
b) minimum loading
c) zero loading
d) infinite loading

21. Resolution of an instrument is-

a) the maximum quantity it can measure
b) the maximum non linearity
c) the minimum quantity it can measure
d) ability to distinguish polarity

22. State selection criteria of transducer?

a) Operating Principle
b) Accuracy
c) Operating range
d) All of the above

23. The ability to give same output reading when same input value is applied repeatedly is known as-
a) Stability
b) Repeatability
c) Accuracy
d) Sensitivity

24. It is the ability of the sensor to indicate the same output over a period of time for a constant input.
a) Stability
b) Resolution
c) Error
d) Impedance

25. The more correct a senor can measure, the more ________ it is.
a) Accurate
b) Precise
c) Scaled
d) Extent

26. The smallest change which a sensor can detect is termed as-
a) Accuracy
b) Precision
c) Resolution
d) Scale

27. Change in output of sensor with change in input is-

a) Threshold
b) Slew rate
c) Sensitivity
d) None of the mentioned
28. Accuracy is-
a) ability of the transducer or sensor to see small differences in reading
b) ability of the transducer or sensor to see small differences in reading
c) algebraic difference between the indicated value and the true or theoretical value of the
measurand
d) total operating range of the transducer

29. Unwanted signal at the output due either to internal sources or to interference is called-
a) offset
b) noise
c) drift
d) threshold

30. The ability of the sensor to see small differences in reading is called as-
a) resolution
b) drift
c) offset
d) linearity

31. Linearity of transducer is-

a) Closeness of the transducer’s calibration curve to a special curved line within a given percentage
of full-scale output
b) Closeness of the transducer’s calibration curve to a special straight line within a given
percentage of full-scale output
c) Closeness of the transducer’s calibration curve to a special straight line within a given
percentage of half scale output
d) Closeness of the transducer’s calibration curve to a special curved within a given percentage of
half scale output

32. Change is signal over long period of time is called as-

a) Noise
b) Offset
c) Hysteresis
d) drift

33. The smallest change in the measured variable to which the instrument responds.
a) Accuracy
b) Precision
c) Stability
d) Sensitivity

34. Which parameter property defines the predictable nature of input and output relationship for
maximum duration of transducer in terms of reliable operation?
a) Linearity
b) Repeatability
c) Sensitivity
d) Reliability
 MCQ on Types of Transducers

1. An inductive transducer measures the variation in-

a) reluctance
b) resistance
c) capacitance
d) self-inductance

2. Resistance temperature detector is-

a) an electrical transducer
b) a mechanical transducer
c) a chemical transducer
d) a physical transducer

3. The power needs of electrical transducers is-

a) maximum
b) minimum
c) zero
d) infinite

4. Electrical transducers are-

a) small and non-portable
b) large and non-portable
c) small and compact
d) large and portable

5. Active transducers develop-

a) mechanical parameter
b) electrical parameter
c) chemical parameter
d) physical parameter

6. How do passive transducers develop electrical signals?

a) using a transformer
b) using internal source
c) using external source
d) using a diode

7. Capacitive transduction involves-

a) change in resistance
b) change in inductance
c) change in resistance
d) change in capacitance

8. In electromagnetic based transduction, measurand is-

a) converted into mechanical force
b) converted into electromotive force
c) converted into chemical force
d) converted into physical force

9. Mechanical transducers sense-

a) electrical changes
b) physical changes
c) chemical changes
d) biological changes
10. The transducer used for the measurements is/are-
a) Resistance temperature detectors
b) Thermistors
c) Ultrasonic
d) All of these

11. Electrical transducers generate-

a) biological signals
b) chemical signals
c) physical signals
d) electrical signals

12. Which active transistor results in the generation of voltage in correspondence to an illumination?
a) Piezo-electric Sensor
b) Photo-voltaic Cell
c) Thermocouple
d) All of the above

13. Photovoltaic transduction involves-

a) voltage generation heat
b) voltage generation through sound
c) voltage generation through light
d) voltage generation current

14. Analog transducers convert input into-

a) voltage
b) current
c) digital
d) analog

15. The transducers which require an external power and their output is a measure of some variation
such as resistance, inductance, capacitance etc., are called as-
a) Active transducer
b) Primary sensor
c) Passive transducer
d) Self-generating transducer

16. Strain gauge, LVDT and thermocouple are examples of-

a) Active transducers
b) Passive transducers
c) Analog transducers
d) Primary transducers

17. An inverse transducer is a device which converts

a) An electrical quantity into a non-electrical quantity
b) Electrical quantity into mechanical quantity
c) Electrical energy into thermal energy
d) Electrical energy into light energy

18. Self-generating type transducers are _____ transducers.

a) Active
b) Passive
c) Secondary
d) Inverse
19. The transducers that convert the input signal into the output signal, which is a discrete function of
time is known as ______ transducer.
a) Active
b) Analog
c) Digital
d) Pulse

20. A transducer that converts measurand into the form of pulse is called as-
a) Active transducer
b) Analog transducer
c) Digital transducer
d) Pulse transducer

21. Active transducers are classified into-

a) 4 types
b) 2 types
c) 6 types
d) 8 types

22. Which type of transducer requires energy to be put into it in order to translate changes due to the
measurand?
a) active transducers
b) passive transducers
c) powered transducers
d) local transducers

23. Active transducers work on the principle of-

a) energy conversion
b) mass conversion
c) energy alteration
d) volume conversion

24. The sensors are classified on the basis of-

a) Functions
b) Performance
c) Output
d) All of the above

25. The principle of operation of a variable resistance transducer is-

a) Displacement of a contact slider on a resistance
b) Movement of the magnetic field produces variation in resistance of a material
c) Deformation leads to a change in resistance
d) Coupling of two coils changes with displacement

26. Which of the following is an inductance variable type transformer?

a) LVDT
b) Load cell
c) Thermistor
d) Carbon microphone

27. Identify Active transducers.

a) Strain gauge
b) Piezoelectric transducer
c) RTD
 d) LVDT

28. Identify Passive transducers.

a) Strain gauge
b) LVDT
c) RTD
d) All of the above

29. Examples of transducer-

a) Thermocouple
b) Thermistor
c) Strain gauge
d) All of the above

30. Which of the following is the advantage of passive instrument?

a) Accurate
b) Cheap
c) Sensitive
d) Power Supply Not Needed

31. How many passive transducers are there?

a) 1
b) 3
c) 5
d) 7

MCQ on Potentiometers

1. Potentiometric resistance transducer measures-

a) linear displacement
b) rectangular displacement
c) square displacement
d) triangular displacement

2. Resistance transducer has-

a) medium efficiency
b) low efficiency
c) high efficiency
d) zero efficiency

3. Resistance potentiometers convert mechanical displacement into-

a) electrical signal
b) chemical signal
c) physical output
d) kinetic energy

4. Rotational potentiometers use-

a) capacitance
b) self-inductance
c) mutual inductance
d) resistance

5. The principle of operation of variable resistance transducer is-

a) Deformation leads to change in resistance
 b) Displacement of a contact slider on a resistance
c) Coupling of two coils changes with displacement
d) Movement of magnetic field produces variation in resistance of material

6. Potentiometer transducers are used for the measurement of-

a) Pressure
b) Displacement
c) humidity
d) both (a) and (b)

7. _____ is a variable displacement transducer.

a) potentiometer
b) tachometer
c) synchros
d) none of the above

8. Potentiometric resistance transducer measures-

a) linear displacement
b) angular displacement
c) square displacement
d) both a) & b)

9. Resistance potentiometer consists of-

a) capacitive element
b) resistive element
c) inductive element
d) no elements

10. What is a heliport?

a) inductive element
b) helicopter
c) helipad
d) resistive element

11. Basically, a potentiometer is a device for-

a) Comparing two voltages
b) Measuring a current
c) Comparing two currents
d) Measuring a voltage

12. In order to achieve high accuracy, the slide wire of a potentiometer should be-
a) as long as possible
b) as short as possible
c) neither too small not too large
d) very thick

MCQ on Strain Gauge

1. Commonly used electrical strain gauge is-

a) open type
b) closed type
c) unbounded type
d) bonded type

2. Electrical strain gauges measure changes in-

 a) resistance, capacitance and inductance
b) resistance only
c) capacitance only
d) inductance only

3. In a foil strain gauge, strain is detected through-

a) a capacitance element
b) a resistance wire
c) a gold foil
d) a metal foil

4. Strain gauges are used for-

a) small scale measurements
b) dynamic measurements
c) static measurements
d) large scale measurements

5. Strain gauge has a-

a) low temperature coefficient of resistance
b) high temperature coefficient of resistance
c) zero temperature coefficient of resistance
d) infinite temperature coefficient of resistance

6. Strain gauge works on the principle of-

a) piezo-electric effect
b) barkhausen criterion
c) piezo- resistive effect
d) feedback element effect

7. Strain gauge measurement involves-

a) Wheatstone bridge
b) Kelvin bridge
c) De Sauty’s bridge
d) Anderson bridge

8. Strain gauge is a-
a) inductive transducer
b) resistive transducer
c) capacitive transducer
d) mechanical transducer

9. Commonly used elements for wire strain gauges are-

a) nickel and copper
b) nickel and gold
c) gold and brass
d) silver and aluminium
10. In foil strain gauge the thickness of foil varies from-
a) 2.5 micron to 6 micron
b) 25 micron (or) less
c) 25 micron to 60 micron
d) 2.5 micron to 5 micron

11. In wire wound strain gauges, the change in resistance is due to-
a) Change in diameter of the wire
b) Change in length of the wire
 c) Change in both length and diameter
d) Change in resistivity

12. Bonded wire strain gauges are-

a) Exclusively used for construction of transducers
b) Exclusively used for stress analysis
c) Used for both stress analysis and construction of transducer
d) Pressure measurement

13. The sensitivity factor of strain gauge is normally of the order of

a) 1 to 1.5
b) 1.5 to 2.0
c) 0.5 to 1.0
d) 5 to 10

14. Strain gauge is a-

a) Active device and converts mechanical displacement into a change of resistance
b) Passive device and converts electrical displacement into a change of resistance
c) Passive device and converts mechanical displacement into a change of resistance
d) Active device and converts electrical displacement into a change of resistance

15. Constantan is used for measurement of dynamic strains. It is an alloy of-

a) Copper and Aluminium
b) Nickel and molybdenum
c) Nickel and chromium
d) Copper and nickel

16. Which of the following material is not used to make strain gauges?
a) Nichrome
b) Pure platinum
c) Bronze
d) Karma alloy

MCQ on LVDT

1. The application of LVDT is

a) Joint motion
b) Finger movement
c) Limb movement
d) Heart wall motion

2. In a LVDT, the two secondary voltages

a) Are independent of the core position
b) Vary unequally depending on the core position
c) Vary equally depending on the core position
d) Are always in phase quadrature

3. The principle of operation of LVDT is based on the variation of-

a) Self-inductance
b) Mutual inductance
c) Reluctance
d) Permanence

4. LVDT is an/a _______ transducer

a) Magneto-striction
 b) Inductive
c) Resistive
d) Eddy current

5. LVDT stands for?

a) Linear Variant Different Transformer
b) Linear Variable Differential Transformer
c) Linear Variable Differential Tube
d) None of the above

6. Measuring Range of LVDT is-

a) ±300μm to ±75cm
b) ±100μm to ±25cm
c) ±200μm to ±50cm
d) None of the above

7. Input Voltage of LVDT is-

a) 1V to 24V RMS
b) 2V to 48V RMS
c) 3V to 72V RMS
d) 4V to 96V RMS

8. LVDT is a-
a) pressure transducer
b) displacement transducer
c) velocity transducer
d) acceleration transducer

9. LVDT windings are wound on-

a) Steel sheets
b) Aluminium
c) Ferrite
d) Copper

10. Which of the following statements is true for LVDT?

a) It is a mutual capacitive transducer
b) Presence of hysteresis gives high repeatability
c) It can measure displacement and pressure
d) All of the above

11. In linear variable differential transformer, the mutual inductance between the primary and secondary
coils varies
a) Linearly with the angular displacement
b) non-linearly with the angular displacement
c) Linearly with the linear displacement
d) non-linearly with the linear displacement

12. Very small displacements are effectively measured using-

a) LVDT
b) Strain gauge
c) Thermistor
d) Tacho-generator

13. A LVDT has ____ primary & ____ secondary windings.

a) 1, 1
 b) 1, 2
c) 2, 1
d) 2, 2

MCQ on Capacitive Transducers

1. A capacitive transducer works on the principle of-

a) inductance
b) capacitance
c) resistance
d) reluctance

2. Capacitive transducer displays-

a) linear behaviour
b) non-linear behaviour
c) exponential behaviour
d) tangential behaviour

3. What is the relation between capacitance and output impedance?

a) proportional to square
b) constant
c) directly proportional
d) inversely proportional

4. Capacitive transduction involves-

a) change in resistance
b) change in inductance
c) change in resistance
d) change in capacitance

5. Capacitive microphone is an application of-

a) Capacitive displacement transducer
b) Capacitive moisture transducer
c) Hygrometer
d) None of the mentioned

6. The capacitance microphone is used for the detection of-

a) Heart rate
b) Blood flow
c) Heart sound
d) Foot pressure

7. Capacitive transducers are normally employed for_________ measurements.

a) Static
b) Dynamic
c) Transient
d) Both static and dynamic

8. Capacitance sensor can measure very small displacement. It can be formed by varying-
a) Separation
b) Area
c) Permittivity
d) Either (a) or (b) or (c)

9. Frequency response of capacitive transducers is-

 a) High
b) Medium
c) Low
d) zero

10. What is the relation between capacitance and input impedance?

a) directly proportional
b) constant
c) proportional to square
d) inversely proportional

11. Capacitive transducers can be used by-

a) Measuring change in distance between plates
b) Measuring change in area of plates
c) Change in a dielectric material
d) All of the mentioned

12. Which of the following is correct for the capacitive transducer?

a) Capacitive strain gauges
b) Capacitive tachometers
c) Capacitive pressure transducer
d) All of the mentioned

13. For a material capacitance increases with-

a) Decrease in area of plates, all other factors constant
b) Increase in distance between plates, all other factors constant
c) Decrease in distance between plates, all other factors constant
d) None of the mentioned

14. Which of the following quantities cannot be measured by capacitive transducers?

a) Displacement
b) Speed
c) Moisture
d) None of the mentioned

15. Which of the following is correct for moisture transducers?

a) Dielectric constant of pure water greater than other materials
b) Dielectric constant of pure water much less than other materials
c) Dielectric constant of pure water and of other materials are equal
d) None of the mentioned

16. Which of the following device is used for measuring relative humidity?
a) Capacitive pressure transducer
b) Hygrometer
c) Capacitive strain transducer
d) Capacitive moisture transducer

MCQ on Piezoelectric Transducers

1. Piezoelectric transducer is used for measuring-
a) non-electrical quantities
b) electrical quantities
c) chemical quantities
d) any quantity
2. Piezoelectric crystals-
a) float on water
b) dissolve in water
c) are not soluble in water
d) absorb water

3. Piezoelectric crystals produce-

a) no voltage
b) low voltage
c) high voltage
d) very high voltage

4. Piezoelectric transducer consists of-

a) copper rod
b) aluminum wire
c) gold crystal
d) quartz crystal

5. When a compressive force is applied to a quartz crystal then-

a) positive charges are induced
b) negative charges are induced
c) no charge is induced
d) both positive and negative charges are induced

6. In kitchen applications a piezoelectric crystal is used for-

a) skimming milk
b) lighting a gas stove
c) grinding
d) mixing

7. A piezoelectric transducer has a-

a) very high sensitivity
b) low sensitivity
c) high sensitivity
d) zero sensitivity

8. A quartz crystal is-

a) a chemical transducer
b) a photoelectric transducer
c) not a self-generating transducer
d) a self-generating transducer

9. Piezoelectronic accelerometer-
a) Has a low natural frequency.
b) Should be used for low frequency.
c) Should be used for high frequencies above 100 Hz.
d) Should use a monitoring source at low input impedance.

10. Which of the following can be measured with the help of piezo electric crystal?
a) Force
b) Velocity
c) Sound
d) Pressure
11. Certain type of materials generates an electrostatic charge or voltage when mechanical force is
applied across them. Such materials are called-
a) Piezo-electric
b) Photo-electric
c) Thermo-electric
d) Photo-resistive

12. Quartz and Rochelle salt belongs to _______ of piezo-electric materials.

a) Natural group
b) Synthetic group
c) Natural or Synthetic group
d) Fibre group

13. Which of the following are piezo electric substances?

1. Barium titanate
2. Lead titanate
3. Lead Zirconate
4. Cadmium and sulphate
Choose correct one.
a) 1,2 and 4
b) 1,3and4
c) 1,2and 3
d) 2,3and 4

14. Piezo-electric transducers are-

a) Passive transducers
b) Inverse transducers
c) Digital transducers
d) Pulse transducers

15. Piezo–electric transducers work when we apply ________ to it.

a) Mechanical force
b) Vibrations
c) Illuminations
d) Heat

16. Piezo electric crystal can produce an emf-

a) When external mechanical force is applied to it
b) When radiant energy stimulates the crystal
c) When external magnetic field is applied
d) When the junction of two such crystals are heated

17. A piezo-electrical crystal generates voltage when subjected to ____ force.

a) Electrical
b) Mechanical
c) Gravity
d) All of the above

18. Which of the following is not a mode of operation of piezoelectric transducer?

a) Transverse
b) Longitudinal
c) Shear
d) Elastic

19. What causes the piezoelectric effect?

 a) heat or dissimilar metals
b) pressure on a crystal
c) water running on iron
d) a magnetic field

20. Application of Piezo-electric transducer?

a) Piezoelectric materials are used in ultrasonic transducers
b) It is used in ultrasonic flow meters, non-destructive test (NDT) equipment’s
c) It is used in underwater detection system i.e. SONAR
d) All of the above

21. Advantages of Piezo-electric transducer?

a) These are active transducers i.e. they don’t require external power for working and are therefore
self-generating.
b) The high-frequency response of these transducers makes a good choice for various applications.
c) Both (a) & (b)
d) None of the above

22. Process of physical deformation on application of electric field is described by ___________

a) Electromagnetic property
b) Electro mechanical property
c) Magnetostriction property
d) Electrostriction property

23. Who invented piezoelectric effect?

a) Mary Elizabeth Barber
b) Christian Doppler
c) Marie curie and Pierre curie
d) Pierre curie and Jacques curie

24. In piezoelectric strain transducer voltage developed is _______________ to strain applied.

a) Directly proportional
b) Inversely proportional
c) Equal
d) Independent

MCQ on Thermocouple
1. Temperature transducers make use of-
a) change in resistivity
b) change in length
c) change in area
d) change in capacitance

2. Thermoelectric transducer is a-
a) temperature transducer
b) pressure transducer
c) inductive transducer
d) capacitive transducer

3. Commonly used thermoelectric transducer is-

a) thermometer
b) thermocouple
c) linear variable differential transducer
d) loud speaker
4. What is a thermopile?
a) single thermocouple
b) series-parallel connection of thermocouples
c) parallel connection of thermocouples
d) series of thermocouples

5. Thermocouple must provide-

a) small thermo e.m.f
b) sufficient thermo e.m.f
c) no thermo e.m.f
d) infinite thermo e.m.f

6. Most suitable material for a thermocouple is-

a) brass
b) gold
c) platinum
d) silver

7. Which of the following should satisfy for measuring higher temperatures using a thermocouple?
a) no wire is required
b) wire must be small
c) wire must be thin
d) wire must be heavy

8. For accurate temperature measurement in a thermocouple the-

a) cold compensation is needed
b) hot compensation is needed
c) no compensation is needed
d) hot and cold compensations are needed

9. Thermocouple generate output voltage according to-

a) Circuit parameters
b) Humidity
c) Temperature
d) Voltage

10. What is the Operating Range of temperature of a Thermocouple?

a) -400 0C to 4000 0C
b) -100 0C to 1000 0C
c) -200 0C to 2000 0C
d) -300 0C to 3000 0C

11. Thermocouple works on the principle of-

a) Seebeck effect
b) Piezoelectric effect
c) Photo voltaic effect
d) Faraday effect

12. If at one end, the two wires made of different metals are joined together then a voltage will get
produced between the two wires due to difference of temp between the two ends of wires. This effect is
observed in-
a) Thermocouples
b) Thermistors
c) RTD
 d) Ultrasonics

13. Which of the following is widely used transducer for temperature measurement?
a) RTD
b) Thermistor
c) Thermocouple
d) All of the above

14. The most rugged temperature sensing element listed here is a-

a) Thermocouple
b) Orifice plate
c) RTD
d) Thermistor

15. When the reference junction is the same temperature as the measurement junction in a
thermocouple circuit, the output voltage (measured by the sensing instrument) is-
a) Zero
b) Reverse polarity
c) Noisy
d) AC instead of DC

16. Reference junction compensation is necessary in thermocouple-based temperature instruments

because-
a) Thermocouples are inherently nonlinear
b) The junction’s electrical resistance varies with temperature
c) Electrical noise may interfere with the measurement otherwise
d) The reference junction generates a temperature-dependent voltage

17. Thermocouples-
a) are most commonly used temperature transducer
b) requires reference junction compensation
c) have a low output voltage level
d) all of the above

18. Thermocouples are-

a) passive transducer
b) active transducer
c) both active & passive transducer
d) inverse transducer

19. For surface temperature measurement one can use-

a) strain gauges
b) diaphragm
c) RTD
d) thermocouple

20. The thermocouple instrument will measure-

a) current
b) voltage
c) flux
d) none of these

21. The Thermocouple instruments do not have-

a) high sensitivity
b) absence of frequency error
 c) independence of ambient temperature
d) high degree of measuring accuracy

22. A thermocouple instrument can be used on-

a) AC circuits only
b) DC circuits only
c) polyphase circuits only
d) AC or DC circuits

23. Thermocouple is a-
a) Primary device
b) Secondary transducer
c) Tertiary transducer
d) None of the mentioned

24. Operation of thermocouple is governed by-

a) Peltier effect
b) Seebeck effect
c) Thomson effect
d) All of the above

25. ____ describes current flow between two junctions formed by two different metals.
a) Peltier effect
b) Thomson effect
c) Seebeck effect
d) None of the mentioned

26. _______ produced in the thermocouple due to difference of junction temperature.

a) E.M.F
b) Current
c) Resistance
d) Both a) & b)

MCQ on Thermistors

1. Thermistor is a contraction of-

a) thermal resistor
b) laser resistor
c) electric resistor
d) mechanical resistor

2. Thermistors have-
a) positive temperature coefficient
b) negative temperature coefficient
c) zero temperature coefficient
d) infinite temperature coefficient

3. Thermistors-
a) sense large changes in temperature
b) cannot sense any change in temperature
c) sense small changes in temperature
d) have a positive temperature coefficient of resistance

4. The thermistor whose resistance increase by increasing temperature:

a) NTC Thermistor
 b) PTC Thermistor
c) None of these
d) Any of these

5. What is the Operating Range of temperature of a Thermistor?

a) -500C to 1000C
b) -1500C to 3000C
c) -1000C to 2000C
d) -2000C to 4000C

6. Which of the following is correct for thermistors?

a) A thermistor is a resistance thermometer
b) Resistance of NTC thermistor increases with increasing temperature
c) Resistance of PTC thermistor decreases with increasing temperature
d) Both b) & c)

7. How many types of thermistors are there?

a) One
b) Two
c) Three
d) Four

8. Thermistor can be considered as which type of Resistor?

a) Laser resistor
b) Photo resistor
c) Thermal resistor
d) None of these

9. In NTC thermistor, on increasing the temperature, the resistance-

a) increases
b) decreases
c) remains constant
d) behaves abruptly

10. Generally, the resistance of thermistor decreases-

a) Linearly with an increase in temperature
b) Linearly with the decrease in temperature
c) Exponentially with an increase in temperature
d) Exponentially with the decrease in temperature

MCQ on Proximity Sensors

1. Inductive proximity sensors can be effective only when the objects are of _____ materials.
a) Ferro magnetic
b) Diamagnetic
c) Paramagnetic
d) All of the above

2. Which sensor can detect nearby objects?

a) Proximity sensor
b) Humidity sensor
c) Light sensor
d) Pressure sensor

3. The monitoring of machines, gears and objects are achieved by which sensor?
 a) Humidity sensor
b) Proximity sensor
c) Touch sensor
d) Pressure sensor

4. Which proximity sensor detects metal objects?

a) Capacitive Proximity Sensor
b) Magnetic Proximity Sensor
c) Ultrasonic Proximity Sensor
d) Inductive Proximity Sensor

5. Which proximity sensor indicates level?

a) Inductive Proximity Sensor
b) Capacitive Proximity Sensor
c) Magnetic Proximity Sensor
d) Ultrasonic Proximity Sensor

6. Which proximity sensors are used in automotive?

a) Inductive Proximity Sensor
b) Capacitive Proximity Sensor
c) Magnetic Proximity Sensor
d) Ultrasonic Proximity Sensor

7. Which proximity sensor detects positioning of an object?

a) Inductive Proximity Sensor
b) Capacitive Proximity Sensor
c) Optical Proximity Sensor
d) Magnetic Proximity Sensor

8. Which device generates output signal when metal objects are either inside or entering into sensing
area.
a) Capacitive Proximity
b) Magnetic Proximity
c) Inductive proximity
d) Parallel Proximity

9. ________ detects metals but along with it can also detect resins, liquids.
a) Inductive proximity
b) Capacitive Proximity
c) Magnetic Proximity
d) Parallel Proximity

10. _________ sensors have no electrical noise effect and it can work DC.
a) Inductive proximity
b) Capacitive Proximity
c) Magnetic Proximity
d) Parallel Proximity

11. Which type of material can be sensed by inductive proximity sensor?

a) Wooden type
b) Metallic type
c) Plastic type
d) Glass type

12. Which type of proximity sensor can be used as touch sensor?

 a) Inductive proximity sensor
b) Capacitive proximity sensor
c) Ultrasonic proximity sensor
d) Photoelectric proximity sensor

13. Which type of proximity sensor can detect a magnetic substance even if a wall of non-ferrous
substance is made?
a) Magnetic proximity sensor
b) Capacitive proximity sensor
c) Ultrasonic proximity sensor
d) Photoelectric proximity sensor

MCQ on Photodiode & Phototransistor

1. Photodiode is used in the detection of
a. Visible light
b. Invisible light
c. No light
d. Both visible and invisible light

2. In a photodiode, when there is no incident light, the reverse current is almost negligible and is called
a. Zener current
b. Dark current
c. Photocurrent
d. PIN current

3. When a diode is forward biased, the recombination of free electron and holes produce
a. Heat
b. Light
c. Radiation
d. All the above

4. The width of the depletion region is

a. Directly proportional to the doping
b. inversely proportional to the doping
c. Independent of doping
d. None of the above

5. Photodiodes used as fibre optic directors are-

a) Unbiased to generate a voltage same as a solar cell
b) Forward bias
c) Reversed bias
d) Thermoelectrically cooled

6. Following acts as detector in Optical sensor-

a) Light emitting diode
b) Photo diode
c) Transistor
d) All of the above

7. ‘Any radiation of appropriate wavelength fall on the depletion layer of p-n junction develops a
potential difference between the junction’ is working principle of-
a) Hall Effect sensor
b) Proximity sensor
c) Light sensor
d) All of the above
8. Following is (are) the type(s) of Light sensor(s)-
a) Photo sensor
b) Photo transistors
c) Photo conductors
d) All of the above

9. The detectors used in optical sensors is-

a) Photodiodes
b) Phototransistors
c) Laser
d) Only (a) and (b)

10. Optical sensors used for the displacement measurement works on the principal that-
a) Intensity of light increases with distance
b) Intensity of light decreases with distance
c) Intensity of light remains constant with distance
d) Intensity of light increases with time

11. When light increases, the reverse minority carrier current in photodiode-
a) decreases
b) increases
c) is unaffected
d) reverses direction

12. _______ is always operated in reverse biased condition.

a) LED
b) Photodiode
c) Transistor
d) Rectifier

13. A photodiode converts-

a) light energy into chemical energy
b) chemical energy into electrical energy
c) light energy into electrical energy
d) electrical energy into light energy

14. The dark current of photodiode is always-

a) large
b) very small
c) zero
d) infinite

15. Photo current is directly proportional to-

a) forward current
b) reverse current
c) intensity of light
d) none of these

16. The current is photodiode is due to ______ carriers.

a) majority
b) minority
c) both a) & b)
d) none of these
17. What is the reason phototransistor produces more current than a photodiode?
a. A wider spectrum is accepted by the phototransistor than the photodiode
b. The current produced by photons is amplified by the transistor
c. The phototransistor can heavily doped than the photodiode
d. At low light conditions, a photodiode is used.

18. Compared to a photo-diode, which of the listed advantages and disadvantages would be expected of
a phototransistor
a. Faster response and greater sensitivity
b. Faster response and less sensitivity
c. Slower response and greater sensitivity
d. Slower response and less sensitivity