Name: Date:

er
Chapt

Fractions

Practice 1 Understanding Fractions

Find the fractions that make a whole.
Example
2 3 5
5  5  5
1
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Two-fifths and three-fifths make 1whole.

Fill in the blanks.

1.

6
 16  66

1

- and

- make 1 whole.

2.
1 
8 8
 8  88

1
- , - ,

and - make 1 whole.

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Lesson 14.1 Understanding Fractions

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 Name the numerator and denominator.
Example
4 of the figure is shaded.
6
In this fraction, the numerator is 4 .

In this fraction, the denominator is 6 .

Complete.
3.

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of the figure is not shaded.

In this fraction, the

numerator is .
In this fraction, the
denominator is .

4.
of the figure is shaded.

In this fraction, the

numerator is .
In this fraction, the
denominator is .

92 Chapter 14 Fractions

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Practice 2 Understanding Equivalent Fractions

Example
Shade the part(s) to show fractions equivalent to 1 .
4
Then write the fractions.

1
4 1 
4

1
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4 1
4 

1. Shade the part(s) to show fractions equivalent to 1 .

5
Write the fractions.

1  
5

93
Lesson 14.2 Understanding Equivalent Fractions

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 2. Divide the second bar into 10 equal parts.
Shade the part(s) to show a fraction equivalent to 2 .
5
Write the fraction.

1 1
5 5 2 
5

3. Divide the second bar into 12 equal parts.

Shade the part(s) to show a fraction equivalent to 5 .

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6
Write the fraction.

1 1 1 1 1
6 6 6 6 6 5 
6

4. Find the missing numerator or denominator.

3 6 12
  
4 12

94 Chapter 14 Fractions

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Use number lines to find equivalent fractions.

Example

0 1 2 1
3 3

0 1 2 3 4 5 1
6 6 6 6 6
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0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9

1 2 3
The equivalent fractions are 3 , 6 , and 9 .

5.
0 1 2 3 1
4 4 4

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1
8 8 8 8 8 8 8

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1
12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12

The equivalent fractions are , , and .

95
Lesson 14.2 Understanding Equivalent Fractions

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 Fill in the missing fractions on the number lines.
Then use the number lines to find the missing
numerators and denominators.
6.
0 1 4 1
5 5

0 1 3 4 6 7 9 1
10 10 10 10 10 10

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0 1 2 4 5 7 9 10 12 14 1
15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15

2  9
7. 8. 
5 10 5

2
9.   3 10. 3  
15 5 10

96 Chapter 14 Fractions

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Practice 3 More Equivalent Fractions

Complete.
Example

4 32

1 2

2
4


4 32

2
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1 is equivalent to 4 .
2

1. 
4 33

2 
3 9


4 33

2 is equivalent to .
3

Find the missing numerators and denominators.

2. 
4 34 3. 
4 32

1  1 
3 6


4 34 
4 32

97
Lesson 14.3 More Equivalent Fractions

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 Find the missing numerators and denominators.
4. 
4 32 5. 
4 33

4  3 
5 4


4 32 
4 33

Find the missing numerator or denominator.

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1  1  2
6. 7.
6 12 7

4  3  6
8. 9.
5 10 5

2  3  12
10. 11.
3 12 4

1  3
12. 
4 8
One way to find an
equivalent fraction is
to multiply the
13. 2   numerator and
7 14 21 denominator by the
same number.
2  6 12
14. 
5

3
15.  6 
12 24

98 Chapter 14 Fractions

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Complete.
Example

4 32

4 2

6
3


4 32

2
4 is equivalent to 3 .
6
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16. 
4 32

10 
12 6


4 32

10 is equivalent to .
12

Find the missing numerator or denominator.

6  1 6 
17. 18.
12 9 3

6  3 8
19. 20.  4
8 5

99
Lesson 14.3 More Equivalent Fractions

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 Complete the equivalent fractions.
Then write the fraction in simplest form.
8  4 8  2
21.
12 6 12

The simplest form of 8 is .

12

22. 6  6  6 

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12 12 12

The simplest form of 6 is .

12

Write each fraction in simplest form.

23. 4  24. 5 
12 10

25. 6  26. 8 
9 10

27. 6  28. 9 
8 12

100 Chapter 14 Fractions

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Practice 4 Comparing Fractions

Compare the fractions.
Example

5 1
12 2

1 5
2 is greater than 12 .
5 1
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12 is less than 2 .

1. 1
2
5
7

is greater than .

2. 1
2

4
9

is less than .

101
Lesson 14.4 Comparing Fractions

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 Compare the fractions.
3.
2 1
3 3
It is easy to compare
fractions with the
same denominator.
is greater than .

4.
3 5

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8 8

is less than . It is also easy to

compare fractions
with the same
5.
numerator.
4 4
10 5

is greater than .

6.
3 3
7 5

is less than .
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Compare the fractions.

Example
3 and 7
4 8
Change to equivalent
6 like fractions.
3 
4 8

7 3
8  4 .

7. 7 and 2
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9 3

2 
3

 .

8. 4 and 1
5 2

4  1 
5 2

 .

9. 5 and 1
6 4

5  1 
6 4

 .
103
Lesson 14.4 Comparing Fractions

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 Use number lines to compare fractions.
Example

0 1 2 1
3 3

0 1 2 3 1
4 4 4

Which is greater, 1 or 2 ?

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3 4
2 1
4  3

Which is less, 2 or 3 ?
3 4
2 3
3  4 .

Complete.
10.
0 1 2 3 4 1
5 5 5 5

0 1 2 3 4 5 1
6 6 6 6 6

Which is greater, 3 or 5 ? Which is less, 2 or 3 ?

5 6 5 6

 

104 Chapter 14 Fractions

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Compare. Choose > or <.

Use 21 as a benchmark.
11. Fractions less than 1 Fractions greater than 1
2 2

0 1 1
2

0 1 2 3 4 5 1
6 6 6 6 6
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0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1
8 8 8 8 8 8 8

It is easy to use 12 as a
4 1. benchmark to compare
6 2 fractions.

1 1.
8 2

So, 4 1.
6 8

105
Lesson 14.4 Comparing Fractions

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 Compare the fractions. Fill in the blanks.

12. 4 and 6 is greater.

7 7

13. 2 and 2 is greater.

5 10

14. 7 and 1 is greater.

12 2

15. 5 and 1 is less.

11 2

16. 7 and 5 is less.

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12 11

Order the fractions from greatest to least.

Example
3, 3, 3
7 8 5 The least fraction  
is the one with the
3, 3, 3 greatest denominator.
5 7 8

17. 7 , 5 , 11 18. 2, 5, 4
11 11 11 3 6 10 Compare each with 12 .
1
2 5 6 5 10

19. 1, 1, 3 20. 1, 2, 3
3 2 4 2 3 4

106 Chapter 14  Fractions

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Practice 5 Adding and Subtracting Like Fractions

Complete the model. Add the fractions.
Example
1 2
5 5 1  2  3
5 5 5

1.
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5 5 5 5

2.
 

3.
 

Lesson 14.5 Adding and Subtracting Like Fractions 107

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 Complete.
4.
  

5.
  

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?

6.
  

7.
  

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Complete the model. Subtract the fractions.

Example
2
6 ?
5  2  3
6 6 6
5
6

8.
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5 5 5
?

9.
 
?

Lesson 14.5 Adding and Subtracting Like Fractions 109

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 Complete.
10.

?
2 5

11.

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2 5
?

12.
2 2 5
?

110 Chapter 14  Fractions

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13.
  
?

Add.
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1 2  2  3 
14. 4  4
15. 6 6

16. 2  2  17. 3  1 
5 5 7 7

2 5 5 6
18. 9  9  19. 11  11 

20. 1  4  21. 1  3 
8 8 4 4

22. 1  5  23. 3  1 
6 6 9 9

24. 2  3  4  25. 5  4  2 
10 10 10 12 12 12

26. 2  1  2  27. 5  1  2 
6 6 6 8 8 8

3 1 4 1 4 1
28. 9  9  9  29. 7  7  7 

Lesson 14.5 Adding and Subtracting Like Fractions 111

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 30. 1  1  1  31. 2  1  1 
4 4 4 5 5 5

Subtract.

32. 4  2  33. 5  4 
5 5 6 6

34. 8  4  35. 9  3 
9 9 11 11

36. 6  3  37. 11  4 
7 7 12 12

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38. 5  1  39. 7  3 
6 6 8 8

40. 1  79  41. 5 
1  10

42. 8  1  2  43. 9  1  3 
12 12 12 12 12 12

44. 10  2  3  45. 8  1  5 
12 12 12 11 11 11

8  2  3  6 1  4 
46. 9 9 9
47. 7  7 7

48. 1  29  39  49. 1  17  47 

112 Chapter 14 Fractions

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Practice 6 Fraction of a Set

Solve.
Example
Tabitha makes 9 happy-face pins.
She gives away 6 of them and keeps the rest.

6 5 2
9 3

What fraction of the pins does she give away?

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6
Tabitha gives away of the pins. 3 5 1
9 9 3
What fraction of the pins does she keep?
She keeps 3 of the pins.
9

1. Shawn paints 2 out of 5 model trucks green.

He paints the rest brown.
Color the trucks to help you.

a. What fraction of the trucks are green?

b. What fraction of the trucks are brown?

113
Lesson 14.6  Fraction of a set

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 Solve.
2. Shawn buys more trucks. He now has 20 trucks.
He paints them in the same fractional parts as before.
Color the trucks to help you.

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a. What fraction of the trucks are green?

b. What fraction of the trucks are brown?

114 Chapter 14 Fractions

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Solve.

3. What fraction of the buttons are gray?

4. What fraction of the buttons are not gray?

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5. What fraction of the buttons have 3 holes?

6. What fraction of the buttons are white with 2 holes?

7. What fraction of the buttons are white with 4 holes?

8. What fraction of the buttons are round?

9. Find 3 of 20.
4

1 of 20 
4

2 of 20 
4

So, 3 of 20 
4

115
Lesson 14.6 Fraction of a set

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 Solve.
Serena buys 24 breakfast bars.
3 of them are blueberry.
4

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10. How many blueberry breakfast bars does Serena buy?
24 breakfast bars

4 units

1 unit 

3 units 

Serena buys blueberry breakfast bars.

116 Chapter 14 Fractions

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Put On Your Thinking Cap!

Challenging Practice

1. Write a fraction with denominator 9.

The fraction should be less than 1 .
2

Mark the number lines to help you.

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2.
0 1 1
2

Which is greater, 3 or 2 ?
7 3


3.
0 1 1
2
Which is less, 1 or 2 ?
8 5


4.
0 1 1
2

Order 1 , 3 , 3 and 8 from least to greatest.

7 5 8 9

, , ,

least
117
Chapter 14 Fractions

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 Put On Your Thinking Cap!
Problem Solving

1. Shade to show a fraction greater than 1 but less than 1 .

4 2

2. Sam wants to shade 2 of the figure

3
He has already shaded 4 squares.

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How many more squares must he shade?
Help him shade.

3. Shade the figure to show each fraction below.

Use a different color for shading each fraction.

1, 1, 1
3 4 12

What fraction of the figure is unshaded?

of the figure is unshaded.

118 Chapter 14  Fractions

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