01-24 - (T) Construction Dewatering

QCS 2014 Section 01: General Page 1
Part 24: Construction Dewatering
24 CONSTRUCTION DEWATERING 2
24.1 GENERAL 2
24.1.1 Scope 2
24.2 REQUIREMENTS 2
24.2.1 Current Procedure Requirements 2
24.2.2 Relevant Qatari Laws and Regulations 2
24.2.3 EIA Requirements 3
24.2.4 Air Quality Standards 3
24.2.5 Noise Standards 3
24.2.6 Discharge to Surface and Groundwater Network Standards 3
24.2.7 Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) 3
24.2.8 Geotechnical and Geo-Environmental Study Requirements 3
24.2.9 Existing Groundwater Monitoring Documents 4
24.2.10 Risk Assessment of Construction Dewatering 4
24.2.11 Dewatering Monitoring Plan 65
24.2.12 Training Requirements 6
24.3 DEWATERING TECHNIQUES 7
24.3.1 Construction Dewatering Methods Guide Lines 7
24.3.2 Sump Pits 8
24.3.3 Well System 8
24.3.4 Deep Wells 8
24.3.5 Ditches/ French Drains 9
24.3.6 Cut-Off Excavation Barriers 9
24.3.7 Dewatering Effluent Treatment 9
24.3.8 Settlement Tank 9
24.3.9 Settlement Tank Types 9
24.3.10 Tank Size 10
24.4 OTHER TREATMENT 10
24.4.1 Silt and Fine Grained Soils 10
24.4.2 Contamination of Groundwater 12
24.5 DISPOSAL OPTIONS 12
24.6 DISCHARGE TO SEA 13
24.6.1 Discharge to Sea via Surface and Groundwater Network 13
24.6.2 Direct Discharge to Sea 15
24.6.3 Discharge to Lagoons: 16
24.6.4 Discharge by injection to deep groundwater aquifer (Deep well injection) 17
24.6.5 Groundwater Recycle & Reuse Onsite 18
24.6.6 Integrated Management of Construction Dewatering 19
24.6.7 Construction Environmental Management Plan (CEMP) 19
24.6.8 Monitoring Plan 19
24.6.9 Training Plan 20
24.6.10 Odour Control 20
24.6.11 Health & Safety Considerations 20
24.6.12 Site Investigation 21
24.6.13 Design Considerations 21
24.6.14 Housekeeping Considerations 21
Appendices 22
24 CONSTRUCTION DEWATERING
24.1 GENERAL
24.1.1 Scope
1 This Part specifies the general procedures and requirements for construction dewatering.
2 It should be noted that legislative requirements, standards and requirements detailed in this
Part are minimum standards, and methods should be employed with the intent to continually
improve on these standards.
3 Related Parts and Sections are as follows:

Section 8 Earthworks
Section 9 Mechanical and Electrical Equipment
24.2 REQUIREMENTS
24.2.1 Current Procedure Requirements
1 There are five four types of construction dewatering disposal options that require licensing in
Qatar, as follows:
(a) Discharge to the Sea via surface and groundwater network; the licensing authority
should be ASHGHAL and MOE.
(b) Direct discharge to the Sea; if the discharge is pumped directly to the sea, then the
Ministry of Environment (MOE) should be the licensing authority.
(i) Discharge to Lagoon totally covered with geotextile from all sides. This method
of disposal requires a license from MOE.
(c)(ii) Discharge to Lagoon not covered. This method of disposal requires a license
from MOE.
(d)(c) Discharge through Deep Well Injection. This method of disposal requires a license
from MOE.
24.2.2 Relevant Qatari Laws and Regulations
1 The list of parameters required by MoE for dewatering permit is included in Appendix A
together with Annex 4 of Law 30 of 2002 which specifies the limits for the discharged water
into the marine environment (refer to Appendix A). The annex controls the parameters of
pollutants in the water disposed to the marine environment whether via the Surface and
Groundwater Network, or direct discharge to the sea.
2 If the construction dewatering effluent is discharged to foul network, the discharging party is
liable to having committed a criminal offence.
3 In the case of illegal discharge to Surface and Groundwater Network, the discharging party
will be subjected to legal actions taken by the licensing authorities.
24.2.3 EIA Requirements
1 Environmental approvals from the MoE as per Article 7 of the Law No. 30 of 2002.
24.2.4 Air Quality Standards
1 The air quality standards are controlled by the Law No. 30 of 2002 under Annex (3/First).The
standards applicable to dewatering activities may include the following:
2 Maximum limits (of air pollutants) allowed for emissions from the movable sources; and
Ambient air quality standards.
24.2.5 Noise Standards
1 The noise levels are also controlled by the Qatari Legislation under Law No. 30 of 2002
Annex (2/Fifth).
224.2.6 Discharge to Surface and Groundwater Network Standards
31 Executive Bylaws of Environment Protection Law Issued under Ordinance Law No. (30) Of
2002. Annex No. (4) Criteria and Specifications of the Hazardous Materials when disposed
of in the Water Environments (MoE regulations).
24.2.624.2.7 Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
1 For contracts projects requiring an EIA at the design stage, the EIA should be carefully
reviewed by the Design Consultant / Contractor. The EIA should be forwarded to MoE for
their approval and for issuing the relevant Environmental Permit.
2 Where available, the EIA will contain details of geotechnical surveys including groundwater,
adopted from the previously mentioned report.
3 Although the EIA may not directly contribute to the construction dewatering design, it will
document possible contamination in the area and environmental constraints, and should
therefore be considered when preparing construction dewatering application papers. Existing
contamination, or potential for contamination, should be carefully considered and must be
taken into account when dewatered groundwater is tested for compliance.
4 To ensure that dewatering systems are designed to maximise environmental protection and
to assist in expediting license approval processes, the above investigations shall be taken
into consideration as early in the project as possible and included when applying for the
discharge permit.
24.2.724.2.8 Geotechnical and Geo-Environmental Study Requirements
1 After the awarding of the Contract to the Contractor and prior to obtaining the discharge
permit, Ifif required by the Contract or requested by the Engineer, the Contractor shall carry
out a geotechnical and geo-environmental investigations in order to confirm the geotechnical
and environmental conditions on site and groundwater levels.
2 The geotechnical and geo-environmental study will must as a minimum identify soil types,
permeability, groundwater hydrology, and the required drawdown for the construction
activities. This study is required if the area is suspected for contamination or if the EIA at the
concept design stage has indicated the existence of contamination.
3 The output of the geotechnical and geo-environmental study should include as a minimum
the following items:
(a) Time required for construction dewatering.
(b) Flow rate of the dewatering discharge.
(c) Required drawdown.
(d) Method of construction dewatering based on all of the above findings.
4 To assist in the approval process, it is recommended that all of the above information is must
be provided in the application for discharge. The ministry of Environment (MoE) is
considered the authority providing the environmental approval for the geo-environmental
study. Yet, the Quality, Safety and Environment Department (QSD) within ASHGHAL is
involved in the approval process for their projects.
5 It is important to note that the requirements of the Geotechnical and Geo-environmental

study are completely subject to project settings, type of contamination, and MoE’s specific
requirements of each project.
24.2.824.2.9 Existing Groundwater Monitoring Documents
1 It is the Contractor’s responsibility to ensure he has been provided providing the latest
existing groundwater level information from Ashghal andAshghal and the MoE. This
information should be used by the Contractor to assist in determining the current site
conditions.
2 All groundwater information gathered during studies by the Contractor, are to be submitted to
Ashghal for reference and inclusion in the country database. The collection of this
information is paramount to the continuous improvement of government information
databases.
24.2.924.2.10 Risk Assessment of Construction Dewatering
1 It is important to note that risks are site specific and depend on the intent of the Contractor.
The Contractor is responsible for developing, implementing and managing a Rrisk
Mmanagement Ssystem and conducting a Risk Assessment in terms of dewatering activities
and otherwise onsite.
2 This Risk Management System and Risk Assessment shall be the submitted to the Engineer
for the approval within the 30 days of the contract award.
23 Risk assessment in this instance can be defined as the identification and characterisation of
the nature of existing and potential adverse effects to humans and the environment resulting
from dewatering activities employed on site.
34 Risk is a function of the probability of an event occurring and the degree of damage that
would result should it happen.
45 Details and information gathered during the concept design and associated site studies
(geotechnical, groundwater & environmental) are needed to assess the risks associated with
the proposed activities. The assessment allows significant risks to be identified so that they
can be targeted for action.
56 The initial risk assessment needs to also be regularly reviewed and will become an integral
part of the Construction Environmental Management Plan. This includes a review of existing
risks and the identification of new risks detected through the surveillance or the monitoring
program.
67 To conduct the Risk Assessment the Contractor should undertake the following key steps:
(a) Information gathering:
A risk assessment requires information about site conditions.

(b) Risk identification:
Hazard identification involves the identification of risks/hazards that could lead to an

adverse effect on the receiving environment and/or health & safety.
(c) Risk analysis:
Risk analysis considers the likelihood of the risk being realised.

(d) Consequence analysis:
Consequence analysis determines the effect on the environment and health & safety
should a risk be realised.
78 The overall risk is a function of the likelihood of the activity or event causing environmental
harm or impacting on health & safety and the consequence should that risk be realised.
89 The risks are then ranked according to their magnitude and mitigation strategies developed.
910 The objective of this process is to identify and rank all potential risks that may arise from the
dewatering of the construction site and then reduce risks to acceptable levels by
implementing a suitable method of dewatering and/or action plan.
1011 Risks generally associated with dewatering activities onsite include but not limited to the
following:
(a) Soil and slope stability and soil erosion due to dewatering activities.
(b) Soil contamination. Whether contamination exists in the project area prior to
commencement of construction or is caused by dewatering activities.
(c) Change of groundwater properties due to dewatering practices.
(d) Excessive abstraction (dewatering) of groundwater which affects nearby groundwater
related activities.
(e) Health and safety related issues.
(f) Risks associated with impacts of dewatering activities on surrounding environment
and sensitive receptors.
(g) Risks associated with failure of dewatering system and/or disposal methods.
24.2.1024.2.11 Dewatering Monitoring Plan
1 When dewatering activities are included within the project site, the Contractor shall prepare a
Dewatering Monitoring Plan as detailed below.
12 The Dewatering Monitoring Plan shall be the submitted to the Engineer for the approval
within the 30 days of contract award.
23 The monitoring plan will assist the licensing authority, as well as the Contractor, in keeping
track of dewatering activities onsite, and identify corrective actions to be carried out.
34 The monitoring plan can also assist in identifying liability issues concerned with reported
dewatering problems and accidents.
45 Outline and components of monitoring plan are as follow:

(a) Identification of opportunities to reuse the dewatering effluent onsite in order to reduce
the amount of disposed effluent.
(b) Dewatering techniques being employed on site
(c) Disposal methods employed on-site and relevant monitoring plan to ensure
compliance with discharge limits.
(d) Copy of discharge limits.
(e) Roles and responsibilities of the Environmental Advisor on site.
56 Roles and responsibilities have to be clearly defined when designing a dewatering system.
These roles and responsibilities are to be submitted as an essential element to satisfy the
Construction Environmental Management Plan requirements when applying for the
dewatering effluent discharge permit.
67 Refer to Appendix BG for an example of inspection sheet for the dewatering process.
24.2.1124.2.12 Training Requirements
1 The Contractor shall prepare a Construction Dewatering Training Plan submitted along with
the necessary documentation for a discharge permit.
2 The construction dewatering training plan shall be submitted to the Engineer for the approval
within 30 days of contract award.
23 The training plan will assist the licensing authority in evaluating the level of knowledge
passed on to the Contractor’s staff, and is therefore an indirect indication on how well the
dewatering process is being executed. The components of the submitted training plan are
detailed below.
34 The integration of construction dewatering training into the Training Plan of the Contractor is
essential to introduce all staff to construction dewatering related information.
45 It is recommended that information on dewatering equipment and related emergencies are

included in the training provided to staff entering or working on the site.
56 The training for all staff does not have to be comprehensive; however, it should include basic
items such as:
(a) Brief explanation of the construction dewatering purpose

(b) Introduction to the dewatering equipment. Inclusion of photos in the training
presentation.
(c) Health and safety related concerns, education on related emergencies, and contact
information of person in charge of dewatering to be provided in the presentation.
24.3 DEWATERING TECHNIQUES
24.3.1 Construction Dewatering Methods Guide Lines
1 The design of effective construction dewatering methods should be based on a number of

information sources:
(a) Geotechnical and groundwater site investigations undertaken at the commencement
of any project;
(b) Information provided by any geotechnical study undertaken during the concept design
stage[if applicable];
(c) Groundwater information sourced from relevant authorities; and,
(d) A site risk assessments.
2 The Contractors choice of dewatering method will depend primarily on the soil type and
permeability and the amount of groundwater to be removed. Whilst the Contractor will be
trying to find the most cost effective method of dewatering (based on the geotechnical report)
he shall implement the most effective dewatering method which minimises environmental
damage, protects the health & safety of on-site personnel and meets all legislative discharge
limits.
3 It is important to note that if contamination exists in the area all precautions need to be
implemented. Contamination will be dealt with in coordination with MoE by safe disposal in
designated areas as per the Environmental Law number 30 for 2002.
4 The figure below demonstrates the range of common dewatering techniques, whilst
accounting for soil permeability and drawdown.
Range of Application of Pumped Well Groundwater Control Techniques

** Source: Preene, M. Roberts, T. Powrie, W. Dyer, M R (2000)- Groundwater Control Design &
Practice (CIRIA C515), London, CIRIA.
5 As seen in the above figure, the choice of dewatering method depends on the required
drawdown and permeability. The drawdown is determined during the design stage of
structures and the groundwater investigation stage at the start of the project and the
permeability is tested during the geotechnical investigation stage.
6 After the drawdown is determined, the Contractor shall choose the method of dewatering
based on the permeability of soil. The method can vary during the stages of the project
depending on the required drawdown. The shaded areas near the methods’ boundaries
indicate that the choices can overlap, and then the Contractor can decide between the two
(or more) options.
7 Filtering and filling materials of aggregate is required by most dewatering methods.

Therefore when required, aggregates to be used shall be free draining, washed and free of
debris (organic or non-organic). Preference is for a single sized aggregate (less than 10%
fines).
8 Whilst the range of dewatering practices varies across sites depending on their size,
construction depth and site conditions, the most commonly used methods of dewatering in
Qatar are indicated below. Each method’s use depends on the requirements and stage of
project.
24.3.2 Sump Pits
1 The Sump Pit method is the simplest form of dewatering system on a construction site.
Sump pits are generally utilised as a quick, least cost, solution and can be seen to be used
at the start of projects as the excavation stage commences. Provided with an aggregate
lining, as per O&M requirements, sump pits can be an effective means of filtering
groundwater, unless the groundwater has come into contact with silt and/or limestone, which
usually results in reported high turbidity.
2 If soil has silty characteristics; it is recommended that proper installation of geotextile and
aggregates in sump pits be implemented in order to improve the quality of dewatering
effluent and significantly decrease turbidity.
24.424.3.3 Well System
1 The most common practice of dewatering used in Qatar is the implementation of a Well
System. Wells are systematically drilled around the construction area and submersible
pumps placed into these wells. This practice appears to work effectively for many projects,
especially those building projects that require excavations for deep basements.
24.4.224.3.4 Deep Wells
1 Deep wells are rarely used in Qatar. Deep wells are usually equipped with filter packs &
submersible pumps, and are operated using a control cabin.
2 Although not found to be present in Qatar at present, deep wells have unlimited drawdown,
they require a minimum spacing of 10 meters, and have far greater efficiency.
24.4.324.3.5 Ditches/ French Drains
1 Ditches and French drains (commonly known as trenches in construction projects in Qatar)
are also used on Qatar’s construction sites. The ditches are formed in a pre-planned
manner, allowing groundwater flow to surface in the deeper level trenches. Perforated pipes
are then placed in the trenches, and groundwater extracted through these pipelines to be
filtered. These trenches were particularly common in infrastructure network projects.
2 Graded aggregates and geotextile layer to be used when laying out the pipelines.
24.4.424.3.6 Cut-Off Excavation Barriers
1 Cut Off barriers are designed to limit and/or control groundwater entering the construction
site from a neighbouring property. An assessment of groundwater infiltration is required to
determine to what extent barriers are required and how they are constructed.
2 Commonly used excavation barriers in Qatar include structural concrete walls and secant
piles. Both techniques are applicable to most types of soil and provide slope stability for
deep excavated areas.
24.4.524.3.7 Dewatering Effluent Treatment
24.4.624.3.8 Settlement Tank
1 The settlement tank is the most common and most effective methods of treatment in Qatar.
The settlement tank is primarily used to maximise the distance that the effluent has to travel
prior to reaching the discharge point, and therefore increasing the settlement efficiency.
2 All projects in Qatar which apply for a discharge permit are obligated to provide a settlement
tank.
3 When choosing the settlement tank, the choice should be based on the following factors:
(a) The type of soil to be dewatered.
(b) Flow rate quantity and frequency.
(c) Possible peak factors flows.
(d) Retention time required for solids to settle. This will also be based on the soil type.
24.4.724.3.9 Settlement Tank Types
1 The common types of weir tanks used are Regular tank and V-notch tanks (30°, 60°, and
90°). The V-notch tanks serve to accelerate the passing of the effluent through the tank.
2 For safety purposes, it is recommended that tanks be suitably covered with a top cover or
specific lid, to ensure unauthorised access is not permitted.
3 It is important to note that sometimes these tanks are used onsite as a discharge tanks.
Therefore, it is important that tanks are used as settlement tanks and be marked clearly as
such.
24.4.824.3.10 Tank Size
1 In order to make a decision on the tank size, the volume of tank are to be estimated as per
the below equations.
2 The volumes calculated depend primarily on the retention time of water in the tank, and the
flow rate of discharge.
Equation
3
V: Volume (m )
3
Tank volume V=Qt Q: Expected flow rate (m /hour)
t: retention period (hour)
d: depth (m)
3
The tank's depth d = V/A V: volume(m )
2
A: surface area(m )
3 It is important to note that these equations are to be used as a guide only, but do provide a
basis for calculating the minimum tank size required based on the flow rate provided by the
Contractor.
4 For fine grained type of soils, it is preferred to have secondary methods of treatment as
detailed below.
24.524.4 OTHER TREATMENT
24.5.124.4.1 Silt and Fine Grained Soils
1 For the removal of silt and fine grained suspended particles, the following inexpensive
methods can be effectively applied:
(a) Dewatering Tank:
a dewatering tank can remove sediment (sand, silt, and visible oil). The dewatering
tank is equipped with a fabric filter. The flow passes through the filter before being
discharged at the bottom end of the tank. The tank can be used in addition to the weir
tank or any other treatment method. It is portable, inexpensive and many types of filter
clothes can be used.
Yet, the dewatering tanks should be subjected to periodic cleaning based on the visual
inspection or reduced flow, through lifting the sand and silt from the tank.
(b) Gravity Bag Filter:
(Also known as dewatering bag) is made of geotextile fabric that can filter out silt and
fine grained soil particles. This filter is easy to install, inexpensive, and becomes more
effective as sediment builds up inside the bag. The type of bag should be selected
based on the flow rates of discharge and permeability of soil.
This method is to be used as a secondary treatment for groundwater. It requires

continuous monitoring to avoid hose failure, particularly if sediment builds up in a
manner that interferes with the acquisition of a reasonable flow rate discharge.
The Gravity Bag Filter does not require cleaning, as it is a disposable filter. The filter is
to be disposed of in accordance with the waste management guidelines of the project.
The filter is to be replaced when it starts passing solids, or blocks the passing of water
at a rate that is adequate.
(c) Slurry Water
“The drilling [slurry] muds containing substantial quantities of organic liquids and
water-soluble salts are treated to render them environmentally acceptable for
disposal” (C M Wilwerding 1989)
Slurry water occurrence is common during dewatering processes in Qatar. While there
is filtration equipment and water treatment technology available to treat slurry water,
these are best used in countries with a different climate to that of Qatar’s.
2 The best option for treating slurry by filtration is using a Centrifugal Filter. However, as
previously mentioned, this is not a preferable to be used in Qatar as slurry can be dried
easily in a more environmentally friendly manner.
3 It is also important to note that even when treatment equipment is used, the resulting silt will
have to be disposed at a licensed landfill, along with having to dispose of the equipment at
its end of service life.
4 If the silt contains hazardous material, then a license should be issued from MoE as per the
procedures detailed in Annex (7.2) of the Qatari Law of Environment (Copy of the
procedures together with the form of application is provided in Appendix (C)). And if the silt
has no hazardous materials then the license shall be issued from the concerned
Municipality.
5 To eliminate the issues with incompatible equipment and hot climates, it is recommended
that treatment methods be designed to manage the slurry either onsite by drying the first
instance before transfer to landfill, or by transfer to the landfill directly.
6 The conventional drying process comprises laying out of slurry mud on an air permeable
drying bed lined with suitable material.
7 The drying process must commit to the following environmental considerations:

(a) Amount of slurry generated must not exceed the capacity of the spreading system.
(b) Drying process must not impose nuisance or emit odor.
(c) Drying process must not impose health and safety risks.
8 The choice of drying process, whether by using a centrifuge machine or a drying lagoon is
subject to project settings and expected amount of slurry to be generated.
9 The slurry handling process is to be submitted with the dewatering permit application if
generation of slurry is expected to occur.
24.624.4.2 Contamination of Groundwater
1 In the event of discovering the contamination of the receiving environment such as

groundwater by dewatering effluent, the contractor is obligated to report the discovery to the
licensing authority (ASHGHAL, MoE) and the effluent is to be dealt with as per the
construction Environmental Management Plan (CEMP). Samples of groundwater should be
taken and tested. Reasonable suspicion can be established by one of the following
methods:
(a) Possible history of contamination in the area; such as prior land use (eg. petrol
station), or the area is known to have septic tank issues.
(b) EIA: if there is an EIA prepared for the project, it should be reviewed and approved by
MoE in order to eliminate the possibility of contamination. If the EIA indicates the
presence of contamination, the Contractor is obligated to report the findings to MoE for
their feedback, and test for the type of contamination detected in the EIA.
(c) The Contractor shall use the following Water Quality Assessment to establish the
possibility of contamination in the area.
Water Quality Assessment
The following questions provide n initial assessment of the quality of the water to be
discharged from the dewatering operation.
1. Review the project records. Is there any reason to suspect that the
water may be polluted by something other than sediment?
Common No Yes
Sense Test
2. Is the water located in an area of known contamination?
No Yes
Does the water have an abnormal visual feature, such as: (circle)
Sight Test Oily Sheen, Floating Foam, Murky Appearance, Unusual
Colour Other
Does the water have an odor? No Yes
Smell Test Possible odors include gasoline, petroleum, ammonia, sewage,
etc.
If you answered YES to any of the above questions, explain:
If you answered YES to any of the questions in the assessment or suspect that the
water contains pollutants other than sediments, contact the Engineer for assistance
with additional testing and management options.
Water Quality Assessments

** Adapted from Source: The office of Environmental Engineering, California Department of
Transportation (Caltrans), Field Guide to Construction Site Dewatering, USA, 2001.
In the event of discovering groundwater contamination, the Contractor is obligated to report the
discovery to the Engineer and Licensing Authority (MOE / ASHGHAL) and the effluent is to be dealt
with as per the Construction Environmental Management Plan (CEMP), or as directed by the
Engineer.
24.724.5 DISPOSAL OPTIONS
1 Qatar construction sites use four (4) common means of disposal, namely:
(a) Discharge to sea via the Surface and Groundwater Network;
(b) Direct Discharge to the sea;

(c) (A) Discharge to lagoon totally covered by geotextile from all sides;
(d) (B) Discharge to lagoon not covered, and;
(e)(d) Discharge by injection to deep groundwater aquifer (Deep well injection).
2 The following section discusses the options available in Qatar in terms of dewatering effluent
disposal, and describes the best option depending on the circumstances of the project.
24.824.6 DISCHARGE TO SEA
24.8.124.6.1 Discharge to Sea via Surface and Groundwater Network
1 Disposal of dewatering effluent to the Surface and Groundwater Network is the most
common practice in Qatar. The Surface and Groundwater Network eventually leads to
outfalls that discharge to Sea.
2 The disposal to the network directly via pipelines, or via tankers, depends on the availability
of Surface and Groundwater Network in the project area.
3 The Surface and Groundwater Network is an acceptable option for disposal given that
Contractor arean acceptable option for disposal given that Contractor is also reusing the
effluent on site whenever possible.
4 If a Contractor chooses to discharge to the Surface and Groundwater Network, obtaining a

license from ASHGHAL is required to allow the discharge of groundwater to the Surface and
Groundwater Network. A license from the Ministry of Environment is also required through
the submission of an Environmental Permit Application.
5 Measurements of flow rates must be undertaken in order to monitor the discharge flow and
ensure that it is within the limits provided to the licensing authority (refer Appendix A for
discharge limits).
6 The Contractor must provide the licensing authority with the maximum expected flow rate (i.e
the peak flow) and the expected average flow rate, in order to avoid back flooding when
flows exceed the capacity of the manhole assigned to the Contractor. Therefore, the
contractor should install a flow meter at the construction site in order to measure the
quantities of groundwater flow.
7 The Contractor should also notify the licensing authority if peak flows are expected to be
reached frequently during the winter season, particularly when heavy rain is forecast, so as
to avoid penalties if the manhole back floods.
8 If a Contractor is operating from an area which is not served by a Surface and Groundwater
Network, and determines that the most cost effective solution is to use tankers to transport
dewatering effluent to the nearest assigned manhole, the Contractor is then obligated to
provide a brief statement demonstrating the traffic impacts caused by their tankers.
9 If the resultant traffic impact proves to be significant, the Contractor is either to consider
other options of disposal, or retain dewatering effluent onsite and then transport the effluent
when traffic is less congested, therefore minimising traffic impacts.
10 In the event that tankers are used to transport dewatering effluent, in order to monitor
discharge to Surface and Groundwater Network the Contractor must record all particulars
associated with its removal, such as:
(a) Installing a flow meter at the construction site in order to measure the quantities of
groundwater flow.
(b) Record of tankers coming to and leaving the site (eg. registration plate no., capacity,
records of water quality)
(c) Volumes of effluent transported.
11 The recording of tanker movements is in addition to the installation of a meter on the

weir/sediment tank.
12 When applying for the discharge permit the following documents are required:
(a) Official letter from the company addressed to: The Manager of Drainage Networks
O&M Dept- Asset Affairs- ASHGHAL. (Includes start and end date of dewatering
works & method of statement for dewatering).
(b) Application form for pumping groundwater to be filled and stamped.
(c) Copy of building permit.
(d) Copy of the site map.
(e) Copy of ID card of the applicant’s engineer.
(f) Copy of the registration company.
(g) Copy of Road Opening (RO) Permit.
(h) Copy of Traffic Department Approval, as part of the RO Permit
(i) Testing of samples, and conformation of compliant results prior to obtaining the two-
month permit. The Contractor must note that the sample testing is to be carried out
after obtaining the five-day temporary permit, and is to be submitted after the previous
requirements are submitted and a temporary permit is granted.
13 Once the application is submitted, the project is given a reference number which includes a
serial number, type of discharge (e.g groundwater) and the date of application. Drawing and
comments are then returned to the applicant for information and/or action and the applicant
will be advised the applicable disposal option and a manhole to be assigned for the
discharge.
14 The applicant is issued a temporary permit for five days. The purpose of the temporary
permit is to allow the applicant to obtain approvals from the concerned authorities, and install
the equipment in order to take water samples.
15 During the temporary dewatering permit; only discharge is allowed for collecting samples
and to proceed with other department requirements. All samples are taken by laboratory
representative from the list of laboratories approved by ASHGHAL and MOE; it’s prohibited
for samples to be taken by the Contractor. The collected samples should be tested for Total
Suspended Solids (TSS, turbidity and the short list of parameters included in Appendix A.
Test results should be uploaded online to QSD by the laboratory. Yet, it should be
highlighted here that any testing activities are not only limited to the parameters provided on
the short list developed by QSD; it should also cover the list of parameters required by MOE
for dewatering permit. Approval is then granted if the test results meet the requirements of
discharge. The Quality Limits are attached in Appendix A.
16 If the installation requires a road crossing, a RO permit is required. If not, a RO is not

required. The applicant must obtain a license from the concerned authorities for installation
of all tanks and hoses.
17 Following the issuance of the permit, regular inspections by the O&M staff are carried out.
The Contractor is then required to undertake weekly laboratory tests for TSS and turbidity of
effluent samples, and bi-monthly tests prior to renewing the permit. Permit renewal request
should be submitted in 7 days advance before expiry day of the previous permit. The bi-
monthly tests are for TSS, turbidity and the short list of parameters included in Appendix A
together with the parameters listed under Annex (4) of the law of Environment number
30/2002.
18 A copy of the Permitting Application and pro-forms are attached in Appendix DC.
19 Refer to Appendix E D for a flowchart of the permitting procedure for the discharge to sea
via Surface and Groundwater network.
24.8.224.6.2 Direct Discharge to Sea
1 MOE is the licensing authority for discharging dewatering effluent direct to the Sea.
2 If a Contractor found that the applicable option for dewatering is the direct discharge to sea,
a secondary method of treatment must be installed to allow the dewatering effluent to settle
before reaching the discharge outfall point. The discharge to the outfall point is achieved
through the use of pipelines or transportation via tankers. Based on the number of tankers,
the transportation may be subjected to a traffic impact assessment study based on the
requirements of MOE.
3 The Contractor may therefore be subject to a number of pertinent laws and regulations:
4 When issuing direct sea discharge permits, MOE have the following concerns that need to
be addressed as per Annex 4 of the Qatari Law of Environment and the list of parameters
required by MOE for dewatering permit (included in Appendix A), which includes the test of
the following parameters:
(a) Bacterial counts
(b) Turbidity and TSS levels
(c) Presence of Petroleum compounds.
(d) Presence of heavy metals.
(e) Others, as per MoE requirements.
5 Refer to Appendix E D for a flowchart of the permitting procedure for the direct discharge to
sea. A copy of the environmental permit application form is included in Appendix FE.
6 For more information, contact MoE on:

Telephone +974 4420 7777
Fax + 974 4420 7000
Email [email protected]
24.8.324.6.3 Discharge to Lagoons:
1 A. Discharge to Lagoon totally covered with geotextile from all sides
21 Lagoons are licensed by MOE.
32 It is recommended that a lagoon totally covered with geotextile from all sides, formed in a
depressive area, is used in locations where it is logistically impossible or cost and socially
prohibitive to deliver effluent to the Surface and Groundwater Network using other means.
43 If Contractor chooses to discharge the dewatering effluent to a lagoon, license is given by

MOE. The dewatering to lagoons is mainly based on the requirements by MOE which is
given for case by case. The use of this option is depending on the water quality. Yet, the
general requirements of MOE can be summarised in the following information:
(a) Dewatering effluent quantity.
(b) Detailed Engineering drawings for the lagoon showing the geotextile lining of the
lagoon.
(c) Duration of dewatering discharge
(d) Dewatering effluent quality. Dewatering effluent quality is tested initially against the list
of parameters required by MoE for dewatering permit (included in Appendix A). And
then tested weekly. Monthly testing is also required for selected parameters.
(e) Coordinates of lagoon, inclusive of dewatering discharge points.
(f) Location map
(g) Others, as per MOE requirements.
54 Refer to Appendix E D for a flowchart of the permitting procedure for the discharge through
the use of lagoons. A copy of the environmental permit application form is included in
Appendix FE.
65 For more information, contact MOE on:

Telephone +974 4420 7777
Fax + 974 4420 7000
7 B. Discharge to Lagoon not covered
86 The discharge to a logon which is not covered is depending on the discharged water quality.
Similar to the above option, the licensing authority for this option is the Ministry of
Environment. The list of parameters required by MOE for dewatering permit is included in
Appendix A. The general requirements of MOE are similar to the above option.
97 Refer to Appendix E C for a flowchart of the permitting procedure for the discharge through
the use of lagoons. A copy of the environmental permit application form is included in
Appendix FE.
108 For more information, contact MOE on:

Telephone +974 4420 7777
Fax + 974 4420 7000
1124.6.4 Discharge by injection to deep groundwater aquifer (Deep well injection)
121 Disposal by injection to groundwater aquifer is a common method in Qatar to dispose of

treated effluent of sewage treatment plants. Yet, the use of deep well injection for the
discharge of dewatering effluent to groundwater aquifer is also done in few big projects.
132 However and prior to the discharge to the deep well, a careful assessment of geological
conditions must be conducted in order to determine the suitable depth and location of porous
aquifer reservoirs and identifying the safe rate of injection to the deep aquifer. Generally, the
depth of the deep well should not be less than 400 – 600 m deep, which is the expected
depth of Umm Er Radhumma (UER) aquifer.
143 In all cases, MOE require the contractor to conduct an Environmental Assessment for the
impact from the project as soon as drilling of the deep well and the analysis of the samples is
achieved. This shall be done by a qualified consultant with previous experience in similar
projects.
154 The general requirements of MOE for the use of the deep well injection can be summarised
in the following information:
(a) Duration of dewatering discharge.
(b) Dewatering effluent quality. Dewatering effluent quality is tested initially against the
parameters specified in the standards for the water use for irrigation purpose of the
Qatari Law of Environment. And then periodically testing each week based on MoE
requirements.
(c) The parameters required for the physical, chemical, biological, microbiological
analysis includes but not limited to: EC, Temperature, DO, pH, Turbidity, FRC, TPH,
O&G, Sulphide, Metals, BOD, COD, TOC, surfactants, VOC, BETX, TDS, TSS, PAHs,
TAlk, Nitrate, Nitrite, Ammonia, TKN, Phosphorus, Chloride, Sodium, Sulphite, Total
Phenol, Carbonate, E-Coli, Faecal Coliform, Bacteria and SAR.
(d) A0 design map for the whole project including the location of the injection well and
network of shallow trenches connecting the wells.
(e) Comparison study between the use of the shallow networking and the perforated
pipelines.
(f) Drilling of monitoring wells to suitable depth to monitor the impact on the shallow
aquifer.
(g) Providing the injection wells with emergency valves to stop injection in case of
contamination.
165 Refer to Appendix E D for a flowchart of the permitting procedure for the discharge through
the use of deep well injection. A copy of the environmental permit application form is
included in Appendix FE.
176 As mentioned above, the injection of dewatering effluent to groundwater aquifer is licensed
by MOE and is completely subject to their approval, therefore for further information, please
contact MOE on:
Telephone +974 4420 7777
Fax + 974 4420 7000
1824.6.5 Groundwater Recycle & Reuse Onsite
191 It is recommended, where environmentally safe and cost effective, that dewatering effluent is
reused or recycled onsite.
202 The reuse options onsite will depend on a number of factors, including the type of project.
The contractor should propose the treatment in case the water is polluted by organic and
inorganic chemicals or subjected to biological contamination. The treatment should focus but
not limited to low DO, presence of Bacteria, elevated levels of TSS or turbidity and presence
of oil.
213 The CEMP should be used to identify all opportunities of reuse onsite. Yet, the options for
the reuse of the groundwater should be discussed with MOE and shall be subjected to the
approval by MOE.
224 Options could include but not be limited to:

(a) Control of dust onsite. (Subject to the level of safety and quality of dewatering
effluent).
(b) Reuse of dewatering effluent.
(c) Concrete curing.
(d) Excavation activities requiring water.
(e) Washing of machinery and site equipment.
(f) Watering of onsite landscaping, when the turbidity is very low to avoid compromising
the integrity of the soil.
(g) If the dewatering effluent quality is within limits of soil compaction parameters
requirements (refer to QCS), it can be used for soil compaction purposes.
235 Contractor to conduct a feasibility study to evaluate whether it’s feasible to erect an RO
system for dewatering effluent treatment, in order to use the dewatering effluent instead of
fresh potable water.
246 The feasibility study is to compare both options in terms of financial viability.
24.8.424.6.6 Integrated Management of Construction Dewatering
1 Construction dewatering practices are better managed if they are integrated with existing
construction management systems, such as a CEMP, monitoring plan and training
programmes. The dewatering practice will then form part of the regular construction
inspection/monitoring program.
24.8.524.6.7 Construction Environmental Management Plan (CEMP)
1 The CEMP is prepared to minimise the impacts of the project and its activities on the
receiving environment. The CEMP is prepared prior to mobilising to site.
2 The Contractor should uses the geotechnical investigations and previous EIA (if applicable)
as guidelines when preparing the CEMP.
3 When dewatering activities are included within the project site, the preparation of the CEMP
should include the following:
(a) Identification of opportunities to reuse the dewatering effluent onsite in order to reduce
the amount of disposed effluent.
(b) Dewatering techniques being employed on site
(c) Disposal methods employed on-site and relevant monitoring plan to ensure
compliance with discharge limits.
(d) Copy of discharge limits.
(e) Roles and responsibilities of the Environmental Advisor on site.
4 Roles and responsibilities have to be clearly defined when designing a dewatering system.
These roles and responsibilities are to be submitted as an essential element to satisfy the
CEMP requirements when applying for the dewatering effluent discharge permit.
5 Refer to Appendix G B for an example of inspection sheet for the dewatering process.
624.6.8 Monitoring Plan
71 The environmental monitoring plan is used to monitor the anticipated impacts of the project o
the surrounding and receiving environments. It is imperative that, should dewatering
activities exist on site, there is integration all testing and monitoring requirements.
82 Integration of monitoring plans may be between systems within individual sites or between
several sites, depending on management systems or owners
(a) Environmental monitoring plan: The environmental monitoring plan is to outline the
steps required for monitoring of construction dewatering practices. The integration of
dewatering practices into the monitoring plan will pave the way to introduce a
dewatering monitoring plan.
(b) The findings of the dewatering monitoring reports are to be summarised and included
in the environmental monitoring reports.
(c) The dewatering practices monitoring plan: Introduction of a dewatering practices

monitoring plan, sampling points, variables, frequencies and reporting. This plan
should be cyclic which stands to be audited as part of the master environmental
monitoring plan. Corrective actions from audits are to be implemented to ensure
improved performance.
24.8.624.6.9 Training Plan
1 The integration of construction dewatering training into the training plan of the Contractor is
essential to introduce all staff to construction dewatering related information.
2 It is recommended that information on dewatering equipment and related emergencies are

included in the training provided to staff entering or working on the site.
3 The training for all staff does not have to be comprehensive; however, it should include basic
items such as:
(a) Brief explanation of the construction dewatering purpose
(b) Introduction to the dewatering equipment. Inclusion of photos in the training
presentation.
(c) Health and safety related concerns, education on related emergencies, and contact
information of person in charge of dewatering to be provided in the presentation.
4 Training for dewatering staff, however, should be the responsibility of the Project Consultant
and as per each Project needs and requirements. The training should be comprehensive and
should include all components dewatering staff need to be familiar with.
524.6.10 OdorOdour Control
61 The odorodour levels have been given a threshold value as indicated in the Qatari
Construction Specifications (QCS). Therefore, it is highly recommended to measure the level
of odorodour parameters, a devise should be installed within the construction site to
measure odorodour parameters (eg: H2S).
72 The QCS has identified two types of odorodour control equipment; control equipment carbon
type and control equipment scrubber type. Refer to Section 9 Part 9 and Part 10 for
details.Appendix (I) includes a copy of the odor control equipment for carbon and scrubber
types.
824.6.11 Health & Safety Considerations
91 Health and safety issues are the most important part of any construction project. It is
recommended that health and safety measures in relation to dewatering practices are
enforced strictly, in order to prevent and/or minimise on-site accidents.
102 In addition to the conventional health and safety measures implemented in construction
sites, the following considerations are to be incorporated to contribute to the health and
safety practices relating to construction dewatering:
1124.6.12 Site Investigation
121 During the initial site investigations, the Contractor has to identify potential health and safety
risks in the project area. Examples of risks are: potential contamination posing health and
safety concern to labour workers and site staff, slope stability issues due to dewatering
practices... etc.
132 Identified risks have to be considered and mitigated against during design and execution of
dewatering.
143 This exercise can be undertaken during the Risk Assessment process as described earlier in
this Guideline.
1524.6.13 Design Considerations
161 The design of dewatering stage is the most convenient stage to plan properly in order to
prevent foreseeable health and safety issues arising during operational dewatering.
172 All designs must take into account the health & safety considerations associated with
dewatering, which include but are not limited to:
(a) Preparation of layout plan for dewatering equipment.
(b) Ensure access to dewatering equipment, without compromising the safety of staff.
(c) Ensure that all dewatering equipment –especially equipment placed offsite- is marked
clearly with name of project and Contractor, and contact person details.
(d) Provide protective covers for assigned manholes which do not hinder the discharged
flow.
(e) The mandatory use of PPE. All staff entering a project’s safe zone have to be wearing
appropriate safety gear. This also applies to staff managing dewatering equipment
offsite.
(f) The Contractor is to exercise duty of care when designing, installing and operating the
dewatering equipment and process.
1824.6.14 Housekeeping Considerations
1 It is recommended that during the regular inspection of projects, the licensing authority is to
observe the status of housekeeping of dewatering equipment. Inadequate housekeeping can
expose staff and visitors to injury.
APPENDICES
Appendix A: Short List of Parameters as provided by ASHGHAL- 23

MoE list of Parameters for Dewatering Permit -
Environmental Laws and Regulations- Annex 4, Law 30 of 2002
Appendix B: Dewatering Process Inspection Sheet 32
Appendix C: Discharge Permit Forms 36
Appendix D: Application for Permit- Procedure Flowchart for each Dewatering Option 40
Appendix E: Environmental Permit Application- MoE 45
Appendix A 23
SHORT LIST OF PARAMETERS AS PROVIDED BY ASHGHAL 23
MOE LIST OF PARAMETERS REQUIRED FOR DEWATERING PERMITS 23
ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS AND REGULATIONS‐ ANNEX 4, LAW 30 OF 2002 23
Appendix B 32
DEWATERING PROCESS INSPECTION SHEET 32
Appendix C 36
DISCHARGE PERMIT FORMS 36
Appendix D 40
APPLICATION FOR PERMIT‐ PROCEDURE FLOWCHART FOR
EACH DEWATERING OPTION 40
Appendix E 45
ENVIRONMENTAL PERMIT APPLICATION‐ MOE 45
Appendix A
Short List of Parameters as provided by Ashghal
MoE list of Parameters required for Dewatering Permits
Environmental Laws and Regulations‐ Annex 4, Law 30 of 2002
Appendix B
Dewatering Process Inspection Sheet
Appendix C
Discharge Permit Forms
Appendix D
Application for Permit‐ Procedure Flowchart for each Dewatering Option
Appendix E
Environmental Permit Application‐ MoE
19
END OF PART

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QCS 2014 Section 01: General Page 1

Part 24: Construction Dewatering

3 Related Parts and Sections are as follows:

24.2.1 Current Procedure Requirements

24.2.2 Relevant Qatari Laws and Regulations

24.2.3 EIA Requirements

24.2.4 Air Quality Standards

24.2.5 Noise Standards

224.2.6 Discharge to Surface and Groundwater Network Standards

24.2.624.2.7 Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

24.2.724.2.8 Geotechnical and Geo-Environmental Study Requirements

5 It is important to note that the requirements of the Geotechnical and Geo-environmental

24.2.824.2.9 Existing Groundwater Monitoring Documents

24.2.924.2.10 Risk Assessment of Construction Dewatering

A risk assessment requires information about site conditions.

Hazard identification involves the identification of risks/hazards that could lead to an

Risk analysis considers the likelihood of the risk being realised.

24.2.1024.2.11 Dewatering Monitoring Plan

45 Outline and components of monitoring plan are as follow:

24.2.1124.2.12 Training Requirements

45 It is recommended that information on dewatering equipment and related emergencies are

(a) Brief explanation of the construction dewatering purpose

24.3 DEWATERING TECHNIQUES

24.3.1 Construction Dewatering Methods Guide Lines

1 The design of effective construction dewatering methods should be based on a number of

Range of Application of Pumped Well Groundwater Control Techniques

7 Filtering and filling materials of aggregate is required by most dewatering methods.

24.3.2 Sump Pits

24.424.3.3 Well System

24.4.224.3.4 Deep Wells

24.4.324.3.5 Ditches/ French Drains

24.4.424.3.6 Cut-Off Excavation Barriers

24.4.524.3.7 Dewatering Effluent Treatment

24.4.624.3.8 Settlement Tank

24.4.724.3.9 Settlement Tank Types

24.4.824.3.10 Tank Size

24.524.4 OTHER TREATMENT

24.5.124.4.1 Silt and Fine Grained Soils

This method is to be used as a secondary treatment for groundwater. It requires

7 The drying process must commit to the following environmental considerations:

24.624.4.2 Contamination of Groundwater

1 In the event of discovering the contamination of the receiving environment such as

Water Quality Assessment

Water Quality Assessments

24.724.5 DISPOSAL OPTIONS

(b) Direct Discharge to the sea;

24.824.6 DISCHARGE TO SEA

24.8.124.6.1 Discharge to Sea via Surface and Groundwater Network

4 If a Contractor chooses to discharge to the Surface and Groundwater Network, obtaining a

11 The recording of tanker movements is in addition to the installation of a meter on the

16 If the installation requires a road crossing, a RO permit is required. If not, a RO is not

24.8.224.6.2 Direct Discharge to Sea

6 For more information, contact MoE on:

24.8.324.6.3 Discharge to Lagoons:

1 A. Discharge to Lagoon totally covered with geotextile from all sides

21 Lagoons are licensed by MOE.

43 If Contractor chooses to discharge the dewatering effluent to a lagoon, license is given by

65 For more information, contact MOE on:

7 B. Discharge to Lagoon not covered

108 For more information, contact MOE on: