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TOPIC 8 ELECTRICAL SCIENCE THEORY

1. A 2.00 resistor is connected across a 6.00 V battery. The voltage between the terminals
of the battery is observed to be only 4.90 V. Find the internal resistance of the battery.
(Ans: 0.367 Ω)

2. A battery produces 50.0 V when 5.0 A is drawn from it and 48.5 V when 20.0 A is drawn.
Calculate the emf and internal resistance of the battery. (Ans: 50.5 V, 0.1 Ω)

3. A battery whose emf is 6.0 V and internal resistance is 1.0 Ω is connected to a circuit
whose net resistance is 23 Ω. What is the terminal voltage of the battery? (Ans: 5.75 V)

4. A dry cell having an emf of 1.55 V and an internal resistance of 0.08 Ω supplies current to
a 2.0 Ω resistor.
(a) Determine the current in the circuit. (Ans: 0.745 A)
(b) Calculate the terminal voltage of the cell. (Ans: 1.49 V)

5. A battery usually has a small internal resistance of its own. This is indicated by the
resistor r in Figure 1. If the emf of the battery is 3.0 V, r = 0.5 Ω and R = 5 Ω, what is the
potential difference between the terminals a and b of the battery. (Ans: 2.73 V)

Ɛ r
a b

Figure 1

6. The circuit in Figure 1 has a current of

0.5 A when R is 10 Ω and a current of 0.27 A when R is 20 Ω. Find
(a) Internal resistance r (Ans: 1.76 Ω)
(b) Emf Ɛ of the battery (Ans: 5.88 V)

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7. (a) A new 1.5 V dry cell furnishes 30 A when short-circuited. Find the internal resistance
of the cell. (Ans: 0.05 Ω)
(b) An old 1.5 V dry cell furnishes 10 A when short circuited. Find its internal resistance.
(Ans: 0.15 Ω)

8. A dry cell delivering 2 A has terminal voltage 1.41 V. What is the internal resistance of
the cell if its open-circuit voltage is 1.59 V. (Ans: 0.09 Ω)

9. Find the current in each branch of the circuit shown in Figure 2 if the V 1 is 5 V and V2 is 2
V. (Ans: I1 = 0.85 A, I2 = 0.23 A, I3 = 0.62 A)

V1 3Ω

I1
I3 4Ω

I2 V2 2Ω

Figure 2

10. Figure 3 shows a resistance circuit driven by three ideal (no internal resistance)
batteries.
(a) What is the value of currents I1, I2 and I3? (I1= 0.611 A, I2 = 0.295 A, I3 = 0.316 A)
(b) Determine the voltage across point V and W. (3.053 V)

v w

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Figure 3
11. A circuit consists of a cell of emf 1.6 V in series with a resistance 2.0 Ω connected to a
resistor of resistance 3.0 Ω in parallel with a resistor of resistance 6.0 Ω. Determine the
total current drawn from the cell and the potential difference across the 3.0 Ω resistor.
(Ans: I1 = 0.27 A, I2 = 0.13 A, I1 + I2 = 0.40 A, 0.81 V)

1.6 V
2.0 

I1 + I2 I1 + I2
3.0 

I1

6.0 

I2

Figure 4

12. For the circuit shown in Figure 5, find the current in the 1.51 Ω resistor and the terminal
voltages of the batteries. (Ans: I1 = 5.67 A, I2 = -1.49 A, I3 = 4.18 A, V1 = 18.38 V, V2 = 6.30
V)

Figure 5
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13. Each of the resistor in Figure 6 has a resistance of 13 Ω.

(a) What is the value of equivalent resistance of the entire circuit? (27.08 Ω)
(b) If point a and b is connected to a 24 V battery, what will be the current through
resistor R1. (0.886 A)

14. Find the each current in each branch of theFigure

circuit6 shown in Figure 7. (Ans: I1 = - 5.0 A, I2
= - 4.0 A, I3 = 1.0 A)

Figure 7

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15. Given that R1 = 6.0 Ω, R2 = 17.0 Ω, R3 = 5.0 Ω, R4 = 6.0 Ω, R5 = 10.0 Ω, R6 =17.0, R7 = 2.0 Ω,
R8 = 20.0 Ω, R9 = 13.0 Ω and R10 = 18.0 Ω. Find the equivalence resistance between points
Y and Z for the combination circuit shown in Figure 8. (Ans: Req = 12.14 Ω)

Figure 8

16. Determine the current through each resistor in the circuit shown in Figure 9. (Ans: I1 =
0.77 A, I2 = 1.10 A, I3 = 0.33 A)

I1 I3

I2

20 V 12 Ω 14 V

8.8 Ω 2.5 Ω

Figure 9

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17. Given that R1 = 2.0 Ω, R2 = 15.6 Ω, R3 = 4.5 Ω, R4 = 6.0 Ω, R5 = 10.2 Ω, R6 =11.0, R7 = 3.5 Ω,
R8 = 22.0 and R9 = 9.4 Ω. Find the equivalence resistance between points A and B for the
combination circuit shown in Figure 10. (Ans: Req = 21.4 Ω)

Figure 10

18. For the circuit below, find the current through each resistor and the voltage drop across
it. (Ans: I1 = 2.0 A, I2 = - 3.0 A, I3 = - 1.0 A, V4 = 12 V, V2 = 2 V, V6 = 12 V)

Figure 11

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19. Given that R1 = 3.0 Ω, R2 = 11.8 Ω, R3 = 9.7 Ω, R4 = 6.6 Ω, R5 = 10.0 Ω, R6 =15.3, R7 = 3.4 Ω,
R8 = 26.0 and R9 = 3.90 Ω, R10 = 2.0 Ω. Find the equivalence resistance between points C
and D for the combination circuit shown in Figure 12. (Req = 9.52 Ω)

Figure 12

20. Find I1, I2 and I3 and the potential difference from point b to e in Figure 13. (Ans: I1 = 2.0
A, I2 = - 8.0 A, I3 = 6.0 A and V = 13.0 V)

15 V, 1 Ω
I1

a b
9.5 Ω

10 V, 0.5 Ω
I2
c d
1.4 Ω

3 V, 0.1 Ω
I3
e f

Figure 1

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(a) 1332 Ω
(b) 8.6 V, 3.4 V

Req = 13R/8

0V

120 Ω = 0.24 A
82 Ω = 0.24 A
64 Ω = 0.15 A
25 Ω = 0.092 A
110 Ω = 0.092 A

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EXTRA TOPIC 8 ELECTRICAL SCIENCE THEORY

QUESTION 1
Figure 1 shows a resistance circuit driven by two ideal (no internal resistance) batteries. Find
I1, I2 and I3 if switch S is
a) Open (I1 = 0.20 A)
b) closed (I1 = 0.930 A, I2 = -0.440 A, I3 = -1.37 A)
12.0 V 9.0 V
c a d

I1 S I2

7.0 Ω 4.0 Ω 8.0 Ω

I3

Figure 1

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QUESTION 2
For the circuit shown in Figure 2, find the current in the 27.1 Ω resistor and the terminal
voltages of each batteries. (I1 = 0.694 A, I2 = -0.080 A, I3 = 0.614 A, V1 = 35.65 V, V2 = 20.77 V)

Ɛ1 = 35.8 V
r1 = 0.21 Ω
18.3 Ω

Ɛ2 = 20.7 V
I1 r2 = 0.85 Ω
I2 27.1 Ω

I3
19 Ω

17.4 Ω
0.96 Ω

Figure 2

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QUESTION 3
Given the circuit of Figure 3, calculate the current in the 2 Ω resistor which R = 5 Ω and ε =
20 V. Next, what is the voltage across AB. (I1 = 3.932 A, I2 = -2.237 A, I3 = -6.169 A, V = 4.341
V))

Figure 3

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QUESTION 4
(a) What is the potential difference between points a and d in Figure 4? (I1 = -0.850 A, I2
= 2.40 A, I3 = 1.55 A, Vab = 29.4 V)
a) What is the terminal voltages of each battery? (V1 = 73.0 V, V2 = 43.45 V)

Figure 4

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QUESTION 5
Determine the currents I1, I2 and I3 and find the terminal voltages of each batteries. (I1 =
-0.345 A, I2 = 0.379 A, I3 = 0.034 A, V1 = 24.03 V, V2 = 47.81 V, V3 = 6.00 V, V4 = 36.01 V)

Figure 5

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QUESTION 6
A 120 V generator and a 24 V battery are in parallel with a motor. The current through the
motor is 12 A.
(a) Determine the back-emf of the motor, the current through the battery and the
current through the 3.0 Ω resistor. (IA = -12.53 A, IB = 0.521 A, Vm = 22.48 V)
(b) Find the terminal voltage of the battery. (V = 24.16 V)

3.0  4.0  IB

IA
I = 12 A
+
+ +
Generator 120 V Vm EB = 24 V
0.40 Ω Motor
0.40 Ω RB = 0.30 Ω
– –
–

4.0  2.0 
Figure 6

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QUESTION 7

Figure 7 shows a resistance circuit driven by three ideal (no internal resistance) batteries.
(a) Determine the currents I1, I2 and I3 when the switch is placed at A. (I1 = 11.05 A, I2 =
10.63 A, I3 = 21.68 A)
(b) Repeat the problem with the switch placed at B. (I1 = 18.0 A, I2 = 6.00 A, I3 = 24.0 A)

I2 I3
+
135 V I1 1.5 
–
+ 5
125 V

A –
B
2.5 
+
22 V
–

Figure 7

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QUESTION 8
Suppose two batteries with unequal emf of 2.00 V and 3.00 V are connected as shown in
Figure 8. If each internal resistance r = 0.450 Ω and resistance R = 4.00 Ω, what is the voltage
across the resistor R. (I1 = 0.591 A, I2 = -0.815 A, I3 = 1.406 A, V = 2.364 V)

Figure 8

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QUESTION 9
In Figure 9, R = 10 Ω and ξ = 13 V. Find the readings of the ideal ammeter and voltmeter.
(I1 = 2.10 A, I2 = 8.43A, I3 = 6.33 A, V = 27.0 V)

3Ω I3 6V

I2 b
A

Figure 9

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QUESTION 10
Determine the currents I1, I2 and I3 in Figure 10 and the terminal voltages of the batteries.
(I1 = 0.381 A, I2 = -0.819A, I3 = 1.20 A, V1 = 17.81 V, V2 = 2.70 V, V3 = 23.4 V, V4 = 12.4 V)

Figure 10

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QUESTION 11
A 115 V generator provides energy for a 94.7 Ω resistive load and a motor.
(a) Determine the currents through the motor and resistive load. (I2 = 19.78 A, I3 = 1.218
A, Em = 120.9 V)
(b) Determine the potential difference from point A to D (pass through point B or point
C). (V = 115.43 V)

B C

+ +
140 V Em
0.50 Ω Generator Motor 0.93 Ω
D
- -
Figure 11
I3

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