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Normal Curve and Standard Score-1 2

The document discusses the normal distribution and how it relates to the Gaussian distribution. It was developed by Karl Gauss from his study of measurement errors. The normal distribution has several key characteristics including being bell-shaped, symmetrical, and having half the area above and below the mean. The document then provides examples of calculating areas under the standard normal curve and standard scores, which measure values in terms of standard deviations from the mean.

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Angela Grace Catral
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109 views31 pages

Normal Curve and Standard Score-1 2

The document discusses the normal distribution and how it relates to the Gaussian distribution. It was developed by Karl Gauss from his study of measurement errors. The normal distribution has several key characteristics including being bell-shaped, symmetrical, and having half the area above and below the mean. The document then provides examples of calculating areas under the standard normal curve and standard scores, which measure values in terms of standard deviations from the mean.

Uploaded by

Angela Grace Catral
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Normal Distribution

It is often used in the natural and social sciences.


Karl Gauss developed the concept of the normal curve
from his study of errors of repeated measurements of
objects. Thus, the normal distribution is sometimes
referred to as the normal curve of errors or the
Gaussian distribution.
Normal Distribution
Normal Curve
Characteristics of a Normal Curve
1. Bell- shaped curve
2. Unimodal
3. Symmetrical
4. Lies entirely above the horizontal axis
5. Asymptomatic to the horizontal axis
6. Area between the curve and the horizontal axis is
exactly equal to 1
7. Half of the area is above the mean and the
remaining half is below the mean.
Normal Curve
Standard Normal Distribution
Areas Under The Standard Normal Curve
Illustrative Example 1:
Find the area between z = 0 and z = 1.54.
Illustrative Example 2:
Find the area between z = 1.52 and z = 2.5.
Illustrative Example 3:
Find the area to the right of z = 1.56.
Illustrative Example 4:
Find the area between z = 0 and z = -1.65.
Illustrative Example 5:
Find the area between z = -1.35 and z = 2.95.
Standard Score
The standard score or z-score measures how many
standard deviation of a given value (x) is above or
below the mean. The z-scores are useful in comparing
observed values. A positive z-score indicates that the
score or observed value is above the mean, whereas a
negative z-score indicates that score or observed value
is below the mean.
Standard Score
Illustrative Example 1:
On a preliminary examination in Accounting, the mean
was 75 and the standard deviation was 12. Determine
the standard score of a student who received a score of
60 assuming the scores are normally distributed.
Illustrative Example 1:
Illustrative Example 2:
On the second periodic exam in Abstract Algebra, the
population mean was 70 and the population standard
deviation was 9. Determine the standard score of a
student who got a score of 88 assuming the scores are
normally distributed.
Illustrative Example 2:
Illustrative Example 3:
Senku scored 90 in a Chemistry test and 70 in a Physics
test. Scores in chemistry test have mean of 80 and a
standard deviation of 10. Scores in Physics test have a
mean of 60 and a standard deviation of 8. In which
subject was his standing better assuming that the scores
in his Chemistry and Physics class are normally
distributed?
Illustrative Example 3:
Illustrative Example 4:
In a Statistics test, the mean score is 42 and the standard
deviation is 5. Assuming the scores are normally
distributed, what percent of the score is
a. greater than 48?
b. less than 50?
c. between 30 and 48?
Illustrative Example 4:
In a Statistics test, the mean score is 42 and the standard
deviation is 5. Assuming the scores are normally
distributed, what percent of the score is
a. greater than 48?
Illustrative Example 4:
a. greater than 48?
Illustrative Example 4:
In a Statistics test, the mean score is 42 and the standard
deviation is 5. Assuming the scores are normally
distributed, what percent of the score is
b. less than 50?
Illustrative Example 4:
b. less than 50?
Illustrative Example 4:
In a Statistics test, the mean score is 42 and the standard
deviation is 5. Assuming the scores are normally
distributed, what percent of the score is
c. between 30 and 48?
Illustrative Example 4:
c. between 30 and 48?
Illustrative Example 5:
The mean height of a grade nine students at a certain
high school is 164 centimeters and the standard deviation
is 10 centimeters. Assuming the heights are normally
distributed, what percent of the heights is greater than
168 centimeters?
Illustrative Example 5:

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