Table of Contents

PREFACE ............................................................................................................................................. 6

IMPORTANT CHAPTER GUIDELINES ........................................................................................... 7

CHAPTER: SIMPLIFICATION & APPROXIMAITON ................................................................... 8

Solved Examples (Simplification & Approximation) ............................................................................................. 12

Practice Set-1 (Simplification & Approximation) .................................................................................................. 22

Practice Set-2 (Simplification & Approximaiton) .................................................................................................. 25

Simplification & Approximaiton Averages Practice Set-1 (Answers) .................................................................... 27

Simplification & Approximaiton Averages Practice Set-2 (Answers) .................................................................... 28

CHAPTER: NUMBER SERIES......................................................................................................... 29

Solved Examples (Number Series)........................................................................................................................ 33

Practice Set (Number Series)................................................................................................................................ 38

Number Series Practice Set (Answers) ................................................................................................................. 41

CHAPTER: NUMBER SYSTEM....................................................................................................... 42

Solved Examples (Number System)...................................................................................................................... 48

Practice Set-1 (Number System) .......................................................................................................................... 53

Practice Set-2 (Number System) .......................................................................................................................... 55

Number System Practice Set-1 (Answers) ............................................................................................................ 58

Number System Practice Set-2 (Answers) ............................................................................................................ 59

CHAPTER: RATIO, PROPORTION & ALLIGATION .................................................................. 60

Solved Examples (Ratio, Proportion & Alligation) ................................................................................................ 66

Practice Set-1 (Ratio, Proportion & Alligation) ..................................................................................................... 70

Practice Set-2 (Ratio, Proportion & Alligation) ..................................................................................................... 74

2 IBPS BANK PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Ratio, Proportion & Alligation Practice Set-1 (Answers)....................................................................................... 77

Ratio, Proportion & Alligation Practice Set-2 (Answers)....................................................................................... 78

CHAPTER: AVERAGES ................................................................................................................... 79

Solved Examples (Averages) ................................................................................................................................ 80

Practice Set (Averages) ........................................................................................................................................ 86

Averages Practice Set (Answers) .......................................................................................................................... 90

CHAPTER: PERCENTAGES, PARTNERSHIP AND SHARE ....................................................... 91

Solved Examples (Percentages, Partnership and Share) ....................................................................................... 95

Practice Set-1 (Percentages, Partnership and Share).......................................................................................... 101

Practice Set-2 (Percentages, Partnership and Share).......................................................................................... 104

Percentages, Partnership and Share Practice Set-1 (Answers) ........................................................................... 106

Percentages, Partnership and Share Practice Set-2 (Answers) ........................................................................... 107

CHAPTER: PROFIT & LOSS ........................................................................................................ 108

Solved Examples (Profit & Loss) ......................................................................................................................... 112

Practice Set (Profit & Loss) ................................................................................................................................. 117

Profit & Loss Practice Set (Answers) .................................................................................................................. 121

CHAPTER: SIMPLE INTEREST & COMPOUND INTEREST .................................................. 122

Solved Examples (Simple Interest & Compound Interest) .................................................................................. 126

Practice Set (Simple Interest & Compound Interest) .......................................................................................... 132

Simple Interest & Compound Interest Practice Set (Answers) ............................................................................ 136

CHAPTER: TIME AND WORK .................................................................................................... 137

Solved Examples (Time and Work) ..................................................................................................................... 140

Practice Set (Time and Work)............................................................................................................................. 146

Averages Practice Set (Time and Work) ............................................................................................................. 151

3 IBPS BANK PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

CHAPTER: SPEED DISTANCE & TIME ..................................................................................... 152

Solved Examples (Speed Distance & Time)......................................................................................................... 156

Practice Set (Speed Distance & Time) ................................................................................................................ 162

Speed Distance & Time Practice Set (Answers) .................................................................................................. 166

CHAPTER: MENSURATION ........................................................................................................ 167

Solved Examples (Mensuration) ........................................................................................................................ 174

Practice Set (Mensuration) ................................................................................................................................ 178

Mensuration Practice Set (Answers) .................................................................................................................. 181

CHAPTER: PERMUTATIONS, COMBINATIONS & PROBABILITY ..................................... 182

Solved Examples (Permutations, Combinations & Probability) .......................................................................... 188

Practice Set-1 (Permutations, Combinations & Probability) ............................................................................... 195

Practice Set-2 (Permutations, Combinations & Probability) ............................................................................... 197

Permutations, Combinations & Probability Practice Set-1 (Answers)................................................................. 199

Permutations, Combinations & Probability Practice Set-2 (Answers)................................................................. 200

CHAPTER: DATA INTERPRETATION ...................................................................................... 201

CHAPTER: DATA INTERPRETATION-TABLE CHART ......................................................... 204

Solved Examples (Data Interpretation-Table Chart) ........................................................................................... 206

Practice Set (Data Interpretation-Table Chart)................................................................................................... 213

Data Interpretation-Table Chart Practice Set (Answers) .................................................................................... 221

CHAPTER: DATA INTERPRETATION-LINE GRAPHS ........................................................... 222

Solved Examples (Data Interpretation-Line Graphs) .......................................................................................... 225

Practice Set (Data Interpretation-Line Graphs) .................................................................................................. 229

Data Interpretation-Line Graphs Practice Set (Answers) .................................................................................... 233

CHAPTER: DATA INTERPRETATION-BAR GRAPHS............................................................ 234

4 IBPS BANK PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude
Solved Examples (Data Interpretation-Bar Graphs)............................................................................................ 237

Practice Set (Data Interpretation-Bar Graphs) ................................................................................................... 243

Data Interpretation-Bar Graphs Practice Set (Answers) ..................................................................................... 247

CHAPTER: DATA INTERPRETATION-PIE DIAGRAM .......................................................... 248

Solved Examples (Data Interpretation-Pie Diagram) .......................................................................................... 250

Practice Set (Data Interpretation-Pie Diagram) .................................................................................................. 256

Data Interpretation- Pie Diagram Practice Set (Answers)................................................................................... 262

CHAPTER: DATA INTERPRETATION-CASE LETS ................................................................ 263

Solved Examples (Data Interpretation-Caselets) ................................................................................................ 266

PracticeSet-(Data Interpretation- Caselets)........................................................................................................ 270

Data Interpretation-Caselets Practice Set (Answers).......................................................................................... 274

Solved Examples (Data Interpretation-Miscellaneous) ...................................................................................... 275

Practice Set (Data Interpretation-Miscellaneous) .............................................................................................. 285

Data Interpretation-Miscellaneous Practice Set (Answers) ................................................................................ 291

FEEDBACK ..................................................................................................................................... 292

5 IBPS BANK PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Preface
Jagranjosh’s IBPS PO Exam 2013: Quantitative Aptitude e-Book is a one-stop solution for aspirants who
endeavor to leave no stone unturned to score considerably in IBPS PO Written Examination 2013. The
eBook is highly useful for all officers level Banking exams - IBPS Specialist officers Exam and SBI PO
Exam.
IBPS PO Exam 2013: Quantitative Aptitude e-Book is prepared by Jagranjosh’s team of subject matter
experts who worked up the best to come up with this all-inclusive preparation package for Quantitative
Aptitude section of Officers level Banking Exams. This eBook is a perfect blend of chapter-wise basic
concepts and questions regarding all the units included in the syllabus for Quantitative Aptitude Section
of Officers level Banking Exams. The chapter-wise compilation of this e-Book makes the concept of
Quantitative aptitudes easy to understand for students. It further includes previous year questions and
model practice sets along with the importance factor of each and every chapter included out here.

Our IBPS PO Exam 2013: Quantitative Aptitude e-Book will let students to practice for the QA section
within the standard time limit set by the IBPS examination board. This will help them hone ‘time
management’ skills.
The IBPS PO Exam 2013: Quantitative Aptitude e-Book includes:
• Chapter wise Basic Concepts & Questions
• IBPS PO Previous Year Questions
• Chapter wise Model Practice Set
• Important Chapter Guidelines
Jagranjosh’s IBPS PO Exam 2013: Quantitative Aptitude e-Book is a one-stop solution edition to help
preparing for the QA Section of Officers level Banking Exams. All the chapters of this e-book are reader-
friendly and easy to understand. Just prepare with it to score more.

Our team at Jagranjosh.com wishes all the very best to the aspirants of Banking Exams.

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whatsoever. No responsibilities lie as well in case of the advertisements, advertorials, and external contents.

6 IBPS BANK PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Important Chapter Guidelines

Important Chapter Guidelines for IBPS PO 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Chapter Importance
Number System Very Important
Number Series Very Important
Percentage Partnership and Share Very Important
Simplification and Approximation Very Important
Average Important
Ratio ,Proportion & Alligation Important
Time & Work Important
Profit, Loss & Discount Very Important
Simple Interest and Compound Interest Important
Time, Distance and Speed Important
Permutation and Combination & Probability Very Important
Data Interpretation-Table Charts Very Important
Data Interpretation-Bar Graph Very Important
Data Interpretation-Line Graph Very Important
Data Interpretation-Pie Charts Very Important
Data Interpretation-Caselets Very Important
Data Interpretation-Miscelleneous Graphs Very Important
Mensuration Important

Note : Prepared on the basis of questions asked in previous year papers

7 IBPS BANK PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Chapter: Simplification & Approximaiton
Some Important Concepts

‘BODMAS’ Rule: This ‘BODMAS’ Rule shows the correct sequence of all the operations that are
to be executed to find out the value of a given expression. In this rule ‘B’ Stands for ‘Bracket’,
‘O’ stands for ‘of’, ‘D’ for ‘Division’, ‘M’ for ‘Multiplication’, ‘A’ for ‘Addition’ and ‘S’ for
‘Subtraction’.

Therefore, the correct order to simplify an expression is:

(a) ()
(b) {}
(c) []
(d) of
(e) Division
(f) Multiplication
(g) Addition
(h) Subtraction

Modulus of a Real Number: If the real number is ‘r’, then

|r|= .

Example: What will be the value of x in the following equation?

5 + + x +2 = 9 .

Solution: Simplifying the above equation

x=9 - 5 - –2 x= - - -

x=

x= =1 .

8 IBPS BANK PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Example: If = , then find the value of .

Solution: Given expression: =

 ( x/y =3/2)

   .

Example: Arjun spends of his salary on house rent, of his salary on food and of his salary
on conveyance. If he has Rs.2400 left with him, then find his expenditure on conveyance.

Solution: Suppose Arjun’s monthly salary is Rs. x

Then, remaining part of his salary = x- ( + + )x=x–( )x= = .

Now, = 2400  x =Rs. 4500.

 Expenditure on Conveyance = Rs.( 4500 ) = Rs.450.

9 IBPS BANK PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Approximation

In these types of questions there is no need to find out the exact values. The candidate is
required to calculate the approximate value in the following manner:

Step I: Round off the numbers given in the question.

Step II: Simplify the value

Step III: Round off the final simplified value

Rounding off numbers:

Rounding off the numbers given in the question can be done in the following manner:

(a) Rounding off to the nearest 10:

Example: Rounded off value of 56 is 60, because the digit at unit place is greater than 5,
therefore, we will add 1 to the digit at tens place and replace the unit’s digit by 0.
Example: Rounded off value of 54 is 50, because the digit at unit place is less than 5,
therefore, the value at tens place will remains the same and unit’s digit will be replaced
by 0.
Example: Rounded off value of 35 is 40, because the digit at unit place is equal to 5,
therefore, we will add 1 to the digit at tens place and replace the unit’s digit by 0.

(b) Rounding off to the nearest 100:

Example: Rounded off value of 386 is 400, because the digit at tens place is greater than
5, therefore, we will add 1 to the digit at hundreds place and replace the digit at unit
and tens places by 00.
Example: Rounded off value of 741 is 700, because the digit at tens place is less than 5,
therefore, the value at hundreds place will remains the same. Unit and tens digit will be
replaced by 00.

(c) Rounding off to the nearest 1000

Example: Rounded off value of 1963 is 2000, because the digit at hundreds place is
greater than 5, therefore, we will add 1 to the digit at thousand place and replace the
ones, tens and hundreds by 000.

Although the numbers can be rounded off by the above procedures but it depends on the other
numbers involved in the simplification.

Rounding off a number to a decimal place:

10 IBPS BANK PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

The candidate is required to follow the following steps to round off a number to the nth
decimal place:

Step I: check the digit immediately, next right to the nth place.

Step II: Add 1 to the digit in the nth place, if the next right digit is 5 or more, otherwise the digit
will remains the same.

Step III: Remove all the digits in places to the right of the nth place.

Example: Rounded off value of 4.693 to the second place is 4.69, because next right digit to the
second place is 3, therefore, the value will remain the same and the digit in place to the right of
the second place will be removed.

11 IBPS BANK PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Solved Examples (Simplification & Approximation)

Directions (1-5) What will come in place of the question mark (?) in the following question?
(IBPS PO/MT Exam 2012)

1. 4003 × 77 - 21015=? × 116

(1) 2477
(2) 2478
(3) 2467
(4) 2476
(5) None of these

Solution: ? × 116 = 4003 × 77 – 21015

or, ? × 116 = 308231 – 21015 = 287216
or, ? × 116 = 287216

?= = 2476

Ans: (4)

2.

(1) 143
(2)
(3) 134
(4)
(5) None of these

Solution:

=
- 361
= - 361
= 504 -361 = 143

Ans: (1)

12 IBPS BANK PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

3. (4444÷40) + (645÷25) + (3991÷26) =?

(1) 280.4
(2) 290.4
(3) 295.4
(4) 285.4
(5) None of these

Solution: (4444÷40) + (645÷25) + (3991÷26)

= + +

= 111.1 + 25.8 + 153.5 = 290.4

Ans: (2)

4. × - (83)2 = (?)2 + (37)2

(1) 37
(2) 33
(3) 34
(4) 38
(5) None of these

Solution: (?)2 + (37)2 = × - (83)2

2 2 2
or, (?) + (37) = 182×51 - (83)
or, (?)2 + 1369 = 9282-6889 =2393
or, (?)2 = 2393 - 1369 = 1024

?= = 32

Ans: (5)

5. 5 ×4 × 11 + 2 =?

(1) 303.75
(2) 305.75
(3)
(4)
(5) None of these

13 IBPS BANK PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Solution: ? = 5 ×4 × 11 + 2

= × × +

= × × +

= 101× 3 + = 303 + =

= = 305.75

Ans: (2)

Direction (6-10): What approximate value should come in place of the question mark (?) in
the following question? (Note: You are not excepted to calculate the exact value.)
(IBPS PO/MT Exam 2012)

6. 8787 ÷ 343 × =?

(1) 250
(2) 140
(3) 180
(4) 100
(5) 280

Solution: ? = 8787 ÷ 343 ×

= 25.61 × 7.07 = 181.09

Ans: (3)

7. × (303÷8) = (?)2

(1) 48
(2) 38
(3) 28
(4) 18
(5) 58

Solution: × (303÷8) = (?)2

14 IBPS BANK PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

or, 38 × 37.8 = (?)2 (37.8 ~ 38)
or, 38 × 38 = (?)2

Ans: (2)

8. of 4011.33 + of 3411.22 =?

(1) 4810
(2) 4980
(3) 4890
(4) 4930
(5) 4850

Solution: ? = 4011.33 + 3411.22

= +
= 2507.08 + 2387.854 = 2507 + 2387
= 4894

Ans: (3)

9. 23% of 6783 + 57% of 8431=?

(1) 6460
(2) 6420
(3) 6320
(4) 6630
(5) 6360

Solution: ?= 23% of 6783 + 57% of 8431

6783 + 8431

= 23

= 1560.09 + 4805.67 = 6365.76

Ans: (5)

15 IBPS BANK PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

10. 335.01 × 244.99÷55=?

(1) 1490
(2) 1550
(3) 1420
(4) 1590
(5) 1400

Solution: ? = 335.01 × 244.99 55

= 335 × 245 55

= 335 × = = 1422.27 1490

Ans: (1)

Directions (Q.11-15): What will come in place of the question mark (?) in the following
questions?
(IBPS PO/MT Exam 2011)

11. 3463 × 295 - 18611 =? + 5883

(1) 997091

(2) 997071

(3) 997090

(4) 999070

(5) None of these

Solution: 3463 x 295 -18611 =? + 5883

? = 1021585 - 18611 - 5883 = 997091

Ans: (1)

16 IBPS BANK PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

12. (23.1)2 + (48.6)2 - (39.8)2 =? + 1147.69

(1) (13.6)2

(2)

(3) 163.84

(4) 12.8

(5) None of these

Solution: 533.61 + 2361.96 - 1584.04 =? + 1147.69

or, ? = 1311.53 - 1147.69 = 163.84

Ans: (3)

13. + =?

1)

2) 0.75

3) 1

4) None of these

Solution: + = = = =

Ans: (4)

17 IBPS BANK PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

14. [(3 + ) X (8 +7 )]- 98 =?

(1) 2

(2) 8

(3) 382

(4) 386

(5) None of these

Solution: [ (3 +1) (8 + 7) ]- 98

= [4 15 ] - 98

= [60 8] - 98 = 480 - 98 = 382

Ans: (3)

15. - (54)2 = + (74)2

(1) 3844

(2) 3721

(3) 3481

(4) 3638

(5) None of these

Solution: - (54)2 - (74)2 =

or , = - 2916 - 5476

= 8453 - 2916 - 5476 = 61

18 IBPS BANK PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

or , ? = (61)2 = 3721

Ans: (2)

Directions ( 16-20): What approximate value should come in place of question mark (?) in the
following questions?
(Note: You are not expected to calculate the exact value] (IBPS PO/MT Exam 2011)

16. 39.897% of 4331 + 58.779% of 5003 =?

(1) 4300

(2) 4500

(3) 4700

(4) 4900

(5) 5100

Solution: 40 + 59 = 1732 + 2950 = 4682 4700

Ans: (3)

17. 43931.03 / 2111.02 x 401.04 =?

1) 8800

2) 7600

3) 7400

4) 9000

5) 8300

Solution: 43931 2111 401 =?

or, ? = 44000 400

19 IBPS BANK PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

or, ? = 400 = 8800

Ans: (5)

18. 34.993 =?

1) 3000

2) 2800

3) 2500

4) 3300

5) 2600

Solution: 34.993 = 80 x 35 = 2800

Ans: (2)

19. +349 =? 21.003

1) 7600

2) 7650

3) 7860

4) 7560

5) 7680

Solution: 17 + 349 =? 21

or, 366 21 = ?

or, ? = 7686 7680.

Ans: (5)

20 IBPS BANK PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

20. 59.88 12.21 6.35 =?

1) 10

2) 50

3) 30

4) 70

5) 90

Solution: 60 12 6 = 30

Ans: (3)

21 IBPS BANK PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Practice Set-1 (Simplification & Approximation)

Directions (Q. 1-5): What will come in place (2) 64

of question mark (?) in the following (3) –8
questions? (IBPS RRB Grade A Officer Exam (4) –7
2012)
(5) 9

1.
5.

(1) (1) 6
(2) 2
(2) 2
(3) 4
(3) 16 (4) 0
(4) 8 (5) None of these
(5) None of these
Directions (Q. 6-10). What approximate
value will come in place of question mark
2. 55% of (?) in the following questions? (You are not
expected to calculate the exact value.)
(1) 126.5
(2) 126.6 6. 68% of 1288 + 26% of 734 – 215 =?
(3) 124.6
(4) 125.4 (1) 620
(5) None of these (2) 930
(3) 540
(4) 850
3. (5) 710

(1) 7.
(2) (1) 670
(2) 530
(3)
(3) 420
(4) 18
(4) 780
(5) 32
(5) 960

4.

(1) 81 8. 6578 ÷ 67 ⤬ 15 =? ⤬ 6

22 IBPS BANK PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

(1) 200 (5) None of these
(2) 250
(3) 150 13. (0.0729 ÷ 0.1)3 ÷ (0.081 × 10)5 × (0.3 ×
(4) 100 3)5 = (0.9)? + 3
(5) 300 (1) 1
(2) 2
9. (3) 4
(4) 7
(1) 540 (5) None of these
(2) 760
(3) 800 14. of × 5) = 149.8 – 112
(4) 1260
(5) 1040
(1)
(2) 18
10. (3) 324
(4) 24
(1) 840
(5) None of these
(2) 910
(3) 1320 15. (27)2 × 6 ÷ 9 + (7)3 + 71 = (?)3 – 431
(4) 1120
(5) 1550 (1) 11
(2) (13)3
Directions (Q.11 to 15): What will come in (3) 13
place of question mark (?) in the following (4) (11)2
questions? (RBI Grade ‘B’ Officers Exam (5) None of these
2011)
Directions (Q. 16-20): What will come in
11. [(3024 ÷ 189)1/2 + (684 ÷ 19)2] = (?)2 + place of question mark (?) in the following
459 questions? (Corporation Bank PO Exam
2011)
(1) -27
(2) -29 16. 5907 – 1296 ÷ 144 = ? ⤬ 8
(3) 31
(4) 841 (1) 726.75
(5) 1089 (2) 767.25
(3) 737.25
(4) 676.75
12. 4.4 times of 30% of 216 =?
(5) None of these
(1) 81.9
(2) 83.7 17.
(3) 87.3
(4) 89.1
23 IBPS BANK PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude
(1) (1)
(2) 200
(2)
(3) 3 (3)
(4) 9 (4) 100
(5) -3 (5) –10

18. 20.
(1) 11 (1) 169
(2) 5 (2) 13
(3) 7 (3) 14
(4) 9 (4) 196
(5) None of these (5) None of these

19.

24 IBPS BANK PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Practice Set-2 (Simplification & Approximaiton)

Directions (Q. 1-5): What approximate (5) 160

value will come in place of question mark
(?) in the following questions? 5. 61% of 981 – 150.17 = ? – 65% of 676
(Corporation Bank PO Exam 2011) (1) 760
(You are not expected to calculate the (2) 780
exact value.) (3) 830
(4) 860
1. 3237 ÷ 31 ⤬ 15 = ? ⤬ 17 (5) 890

(1) 90 Directions-(Q. 6-10): What will come in

(2) 100 place of question-mark (?) in the following
(3) 110 questions? (Allahabad Bank Probationary
(4) 120 Officers Exam 2011)
(5) 80
6. of 30% of 3420 = (?)2 x 2
2.
(1) (81)2
(1) 1760 (2) 7
(2) 1880 (3) 9
(3) 1950 (4) 81
(4) 1720 (5) 49
(5) 1650
7. 1898 ÷ 73 x 72 = (?)2 x 13
3. (34.34)2 + (5.96) 2 – (23.09) 2 =?
(1) - 256
(1) 510 (2) 256
(2) 540 (3) 12
(3) 620 (4) 144
(4) 680 (5) -16
(5) 650
8. =?
4.
(1) 42
(1) 200 (2) 1024
(2) 180 (3) 1764
(3) 120 (4) (1024)2
(4) 140 (5) 32

25 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

9. (0·81)2+ (0·729)3 x (0·9)2 = (0.9)?-3 12. 89·988% of 699·9 + 50·002% of 999·99 -
170·015 =?
(1) 6
(2) 2 (1) 990
(3) 4 (2) 900
(4) 0 (3) 920
(5) None of these (4) 960
(5) 860
10. 65% of x 5 =? + 154
13. ÷ =?
(1) 56
(2) 28 (1) 760
(3) 35 (2) 800
(4) 32 (3) 690
(5) None of these (4) 870
Directions-(Q. 11-15) What approximate (5) 780
value will come in place of question-mark 14. 6999 ÷70·005 x 94·998 =? x 19·999
(?) in the
following questions? (Allahabad Bank (1) 475
Probationary Officers Exam 2011) (2) 420
(3) 320
(You are not expected to calculate the (4) 540
exact value.) (5) 525

15. (49·99)2 – (8·9)2 – (15·9)2 =?

11. =? ÷ 8
(1) 2165
(1) 620
(2) 2000
(2) 670
(3) 1965
(3) 770
(4) 1920
(4) 750
(5) 1885
(5) 700

26 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Simplification & Approximaiton Averages Practice Set -1
(Answers)

1) 5 11) 2
2) 1 12) 4
3) 1 13) 1
4) 4 14) 5
5) 3 15) 1
6) 4 16) 3
7) 2 17) 2
8) 2 18) 4
9) 5 19) 5
10) 3 20) 2

27 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Simplification & Approximaiton Averages Practice Set -2
(Answers)

1) 1 9) 4
2) 1 10) 2
3) 5 11) 2
4) 3 12) 4
5) 5 13) 4
6) 3 14) 1
7) 3 15) 1
8) 5

28 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Chapter: Number Series
In Number Series, questions are asked on the basis of relation between numbers given in a
series. The questions asked can be divided into different types:

Type I: In this type of questions, a series of numbers is given with one number missing
represented by a question mark. Candidate has to select from the options choices to correct
option in place of the question mark. The given sequences of numbers will be such that each
number follows its predecessor in the same way, i.e., according to a particular pattern.
Candidates are required to find out the correct ways in which the sequence is formed and there
after find out the number to complete the series.

1. 30, 34, 43, 59, 84, 120,?

(1) 169

(2) 148

(3) 153

(4) 176

(5) None of these

Solution: (1) The given pattern is:

+22, 32, +42, + 62, +72

So, missing term is 169=120 +72

2. 40, 54, 82,?, 180,250

(1) 142

(2) 124

(3) 136

(4) 163

(5) None of these

Solution: (2) The pattern is: +14, + 28, + 42, + 52, + 70

29 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

So, missing term is 82 + 42=124

Type II: Here, we are given a sequence of number. Whole sequence, except the odd number
follow a certain rule. You have to find that number which does not follow the rule.

1. 0, 1,3,8,18,35,264

(1) 62

(2) 35

(3) 18

(4) 8

(5) None of these

Solution: (1) The pattern is +(02+1), +(12+1), + (22+1) ,+ (32+1), + (42+1), + (52+1)

So, 62 is wrong and must be replaced by 35 + (52+1) = 62

2. 1, 9, 125, 49, 729, 121, 2147

(1) 2147

(2) 729

(3) 125

(4) 1

(5) None of these

Solution: (1)

Type III: In this type of questions, a number series is given. After the series is over, in the next
line, a number is followed by (A), (B), (C), (D) and (E). The candidates have to complete the
series starting with the number given following the sequence of the given series.

1. 2, 4, 9, 20, 43, 90

3 (A) (B) (C) (D) (E)

Which number will come in place of (D)?

(1) 58

(2) 99

30 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

(3) 48

(4) 59

(5) None of these

Solution: (4)

Similarly,

Hence, the number 59 will come in place of D.

2. 3, 4, 10, 33, 136,

3 (A) (B) (C) (D) (E)

Which number will come in place of (E)?

(1) 1035

(2) 1165

(3) 1039

(4) 891

(5) None of these

Solution: (2)

31 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Similarly,

Hence, the number 1165 will come in place of E.

32 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Solved Examples (Number Series)

Directions: (1-5) In each of these questions a number series is given. In each series only one
number is wrong. Find out the wrong number. (IBPS CWE PO MT 2012)

1. 5531 5506 5425 5304 5135 4910 4621

(1) 5531
(2) 5425
(3) 4621
(4) 5135
(5) 5506

Solution: The number should be 5555 in place of 5531.

-72, -92, -112, -132, -152, -172...

Ans: (1)

2. 6 7 9 13 26 37 69

(1) 7
(2) 26
(3) 69
(4) 37
(5) 9

Solution: The number should be 21 in place of 26.

+1, +2, +4, +8, +16, +32

Ans: (2)

3. 1 3 10 36 152 760 4632

(1) 3
(2) 36
(3) 4632
(4) 760

33 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

(5) 152

Solution: The number should be 770 In place of 760.

×1 +2, ×2 +4, ×3 +6, ×4 + 8, ×5 +10, ×6 + 12, ...
Ans: (4)

4. 4 3 9 34 96 219 435

(1) 4
(2) 9
(3) 34
(4) 435
(5) 219

Solution: The series is 02+ 4, 12+2, 32+0, 62-2, 102-4, 152- 6,212 - 8...
Hence, 435 should be replaced with 433

Ans: (1)

5. 157.5 45 15 6 3 2 1

(1) 1
(2) 2
(3) 6
(4) 157.5
(5) 45

Solution: The number should be 2 in place of 1.

3.5, 3, 2.5, 2, 1.5, 1, ...

Ans: (1)

Directions (6-10): In the following number series only one number is wrong.

Find out the wrong number.

6. 7 12 40 222 1742 17390 208608

(1) 7

(2) 12

(3) 40

34 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

(4) 1742

(5) 208608

Solution: The pattern of number series is as follows:

7 2 - 2 = 12

12 4 - (2 + 6) = 48 - 8 = 40

40 6 - (8 + 10) = 240 - 18 = 222

222 8 - (18 + 14) = 1776 - 32 = 1744 1742

1744 10 - (32 + 18) = 17440 - 50 = 17390

Ans: (4)

7. 6 91 584 2935 11756 35277 70558

(1) 91

(2) 70558

(3) 584

(4) 2935

(5) 35277

Solution: The pattern of number series is as follows:

6 7 + 72 = 42 + 49 = 91

91 6 + 62 = 546 + 36 = 582 584

582 5+52 =2910 + 25=2935

2935 4 + 42 = 11740 + 16 = 11756

11756 x 3 + 32 = 35268 + 9 = 35277

Ans: (3)
35 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude
8. 9050 5675 3478 2147 1418 1077 950

(1) 3478

(2) 1418

(3) 5675

(4) 2147

(5) 1077

Solution: The pattern of number series is as follows:

9050 – I53 = 9050 - 3375 = 5675

5675 - 133 = 5675 - 2197 = 3478

3478 - 113 = 3478 - 1331 = 2147

2147 - 93 = 2147 - 729 = 1418

1418 - 73 = 1418 - 343 = 1075 1077

Ans: (5)

9. 1 4 25 256 3125 46656 823543

(1)3125

(2) 823543

(3) 46656

(4) 25

(5) 256

Solution: The pattern of number series is as follows:

11 = 1;-22 = 4; 33 = 27 25; 44 = 256; 55 = 3125; 66 = 46656;

77 = 823543

Ans: (4)

36 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

10. 8424 4212 2106 1051 526.5 263.25 131.625

(1) 131.625

(2) 1051

(3) 4212

(4) 8424

(5) 263.25

Solution: The pattern of number series is as follows:

8424 2 = 4212

4212 2 = 2106

2106 2 = 1053 1051

1053 2 = 526.5

526.5 ÷ 2 = 263.25
263.25 ÷ 2 = 13 1.625

Ans: (2)

37 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Practice Set (Number Series)

Directions (Q. 1-3): What will come in place Directions (Q. 4-5): In the following
of question mark (?) in the following number series, only one is wrong. Find out
number series? (IBPS RRB Grade Officer the wrong number.
Exam 2012)
4. 454 327 648 524 842 713 1036
1. 987 587 331 187 123 (?)
(1) 327
(1) 104
(2) 648
(2) 113
(3) 521
(3) 107
(4) 842
(4) 114
(5) 713
(5) None of these
5. 72.5 86 113 168 275 491 923
2. 125 171 263 401 585 (?)
(1) 86
(1) 835
(2)113
(2) 815
(3)168
(3) 792
(4)275
(4) 788
(5)491
(5) None of these
Directions (Q. 6-10): What will come in
3. 121 132 167 226 309 (?) place of question mark (?) in the following
number series? (RBI Grade’B’ Officer’s
(1) 424 Exam 2011)
(2) 413 6. 17 19 33 (?) 129 227
(3) 427 (1) 64
(4) 416 (2) 73
(3) 67
(5) None of these (4) 72
(5) None of these

7. 35 256 451 620 763 (?)

38 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

(1) 680 (1) 253
(2) 893 (2) 239
(3) 633 (3) 246
(4) 880 (4) 253
(5) None of these (5) None of these

8. 18 139 868 917 (?) 1051 13. 342 337.5 328.5 315 297 (?)

(1) 1042 265.5

(2) 1036
(3) 942 274.5
(4) 996 270
(5) None of these
260
9. 2890 (?) 1162 874 730
658 None of these

(1) 1684 14. 161 164 179 242 497 (?)

(2) 1738
(3) 1784 (1) 1540
(4) 1672 (2) 1480
(5) None of these (3) 1520
(4) 1440
10. 14 1004 1202 1251.5 1268 (?) (5) None of these

(1) 1267.5 15. 239 254 284 344 464 (?)

(2) 1276.25
(3) 1324.5 (1) 726
(4) 1367.25 (2) 716
(5) None of these (3) 724
(4) 714
Directions (Q. 11-15): What will come in (5) None of these
place of question mark (?) in the following
number series? (Corporation Bank PO Directions-(Q. 16-20) What will come in
2011) place of question-mark (?) in the following
number series? (Allahabad Bank
11. 8 11 20 47 128 (?) Probationary Officers Exam 2011)

(1) 483 16. 958 833 733 658 608, (?)

(2) 488
(3) 397 (1) 577
(4) 371 (2) 583
(5) None of these (3) 567
(4) 573
12. 71 78 99 134 183 (?) (5) None of these

39 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

17. 11 10 18 51 200, (?) 19. 14 24 43 71 108 (?)

(1) 885 (1) 194

(2) 1025 (2) 154
(3) 865 (3) 3) 145
(4) 995 (4) 4) 155
(5) None of these (5) 5) None of these

18. 25 48 94 186 370 (?) 20. 144 173 140 169 136 (?)

(1) 738 (1) 157

(2) 744 (2) 148
(3) 746 (3) 164
(4) 724 (4) 132
(5) None of these (5) None of these

40 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Number Series Practice Set (Answers)

1) 3 11) 4
2) 2 12) 3
3) 4 13) 2
4) 5 14) 3
5) 3 15) 5
6) 3 16) 2
7) 4 17) 4
8) 1 18) 1
9) 2 19) 2
10) 2 20) 5

41 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Chapter: Number System
Introduction:

Number is a symbol which represents quantity. There are three types of numbers:

1. Real Numbers: Real numbers are those numbers which can be easily indentify and
quantify.
For example: -10, -7.33, -1, 0, 1, 2, 5.77 etc.

2. Imaginary Numbers: Imaginary numbers are those numbers which we can just imagine
but cannot physically perceive.

For example: , etc, is represented by i . Square root of all negative

numbers are imaginary.

3. Complex Number: Combination of Real and Imaginary number is called complex

numbers.
For example: (2+5i) , (1+3i) etc .

Here we will only discuss about the real numbers .

Types of Real Numbers: there are two types of real numbers

1. Rational numbers: - All that numbers which can be expressed in the form of where p

& q are integers and q 0 are called rational numbers.

For example: - -1, 2, , 0, 1 , 2.7 etc. , here -1 = =

Again Rational numbers are classified as:

(a) Integers: All rational numbers which do not have decimal or fractional parts are called
integers.
For example: -3, -1, 0 , 1 , 2 etc .

Integers are of two type whole numbers and natural numbers. All the non negative integers are
whole numbers , for example 0 , 1 , 2 , 3 etc and all the whole numbers except 0 are natural
numbers , for example 1, 2 , 3 etc

42 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 (b) Fractions: All rational numbers which are in the form of where p & q are integers and

q 0 and p is not a multiple of q are called fractions.

For example: - 1.2, , , 1.7, .3 etc.

Fractions are of three types:
 Proper
 Improper
 Mixed fractions

A proper fraction is a fraction whose numerator is smaller than denominator, for example

, etc. An improper fraction is a fraction whose numerator is equal to or greater than its

denominator for example , etc. and a mixed fraction is an integer plus a fraction, for

example , etc.

2. Irrational Numbers:- All that numbers which cannot be expressed in the form of are
called irrational numbers. They have non-terminating and non-recurring decimal parts.

For example: , , etc.

On the basis of origin:

1. Prime Numbers: All the natural numbers greater than 1 which are only divisible by 1
and the number itself are called prime numbers.
For example: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17 etc.

2. Composite Numbers: All the natural numbers greater than 1 which are divisible by at
least one more number other than 1 and the number itself are called composite
numbers.
For example: 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12 etc.
Note: 1 is neither a prime number nor a composite.

On basis of divisor:

1. Even Numbers: All the natural numbers which are multiple of 2 are called even
numbers.
For example: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 etc.

43 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Odd Numbers: All the natural numbers which are not a multiple of 2 are called odd

numbers. They are denoted as 2k 1, where k is a natural number.

For example: 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 etc.

To find whether a number is prime or not.

Step 1: Find the approximate square root of a number .

Step 2: Check if any prime number from 2 to that square root divides that number or not.
Step 3: If none of those prime number divides the number than the number must be prime
number.
Example: Take 631 , the approx square root of 631 is 25 , now from 2 to 25 there are 2 , 3 ,5
, 7 , 11 , 13 , 17 , 19 and 23 prime number . Since none of these divides 631, so 631 must be
a prime number.

Conversion of recurring decimal into fraction.

The form of purely recurring number =

Let x = 0.77777…. 10x = 7.77777……

If x = 0.27272727 …. 100 x = 27.272727 ……

The form of purely recurring number =

Let x= 0.143333333…….. 100x = 14.333333……. 1000x = 143.3333….

= 129

44 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Quotient and remainder:

Dividend = (Divisor Quotient) + remainder.

For example: If dividend = 15968, Quotient = 89 and remainder = 37 then Divisor is?

Divisor =

45 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Divisibility Rules:

For Divisibility Rule Example Note

Number

2 If the last digit of a number 742 is divisible by 2 but 743 is

is 0,2,4,6,8 , then the not.
number is divisible by 2

3 If the sum of all the digits of 1458 (sum of digits = 18) is 766 (sum of digits
a number is divisible by 3 , divisible by 3, but 766 (sum of =19) the remainder
then the number is divisible digits =19) is not divisible by 3. when 19 is divided by
by 3 3 i.e. 1 will also be
the remainder when
766 is divided by3

4 If the last two digits of a 6732 is divisible by 4 as 32 is Similarly the

number are divisible by 4, divisible by 4, but 2142 is not remainder when 42 is
then the number is also divisible by 4. divided by 4 i.e 2 will
divisible by 4 also be the
remainder when
2142 is divided by 4.

5 If the last digits of a number 1465, 1320 are divisible by 5

are 0 and 5, then the as their last digit is 5 and 0
number is divisible by 5. respectively.

6 If the number is divisible by 1452 is divisible by both 2 and If the number is

2 and 3 both, then it is also 3 so it is divisible by 6 also, divisible by 4 and 6
divisible by 6. but 3362 is not divisible by 6 both, then it is not
as it is not divisible by 3. necessary that it is

divisible by 24 (6 4).

8 If the last three digit of a 43102 and 13000 are divisible The remainder when
number are divisible by 8 or by 8 since 102 is divisible by 8 148 is divided by 8
are 000, then the number is and 13000 have 000 as last i.e. 4 will also be the
divisible by 8 . three digits, but 2148 is not as remainder of 2148

46 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 148 is not divisible by 8 when divided by 8.

9 If the sum of all digits of a 25344 (sum of digits = 18) is The remainder when
number is divisible by 9 , divisible by 9 , 764 (sum of 17 is divided by 9 i.e
then the number is also digits =17) is not. 8 will also be the
divisible by 9. remainder when 764
is divided by 9.

11 If the difference between 9415956 is divisible by 11 as

the sum of the digits in the the difference of 9+1+9+6 =25
even places and the sum of and 4+5+5 = 14 is 11, but
the digits in the odd places 31872 is not as the sum of
is either 0 or is divisible by even places = 13 and sum of
11 , then the number is also odd is 8 their difference is
divisible by 11. neither 0 nor 11.

47 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Solved Examples (Number System)

1. When X is subtracted from the numbers 9, 15 and 27, the remainders are in continued
proportion. What is the value of X? (IBPS CWE PO MT 2012)

(1) 8
(2) 6
(3) 4
(4) 5
(5) None of these

Solution: Let be subtracted from the numbers 9, 15 and 27 we get continue proportion.
Now, 9 – : 15 – : 27 –
b2 = ac
(15 – )2 = (9 – ) (27 – )
or, 225 – 30 + 2 = 243 + 2 – 36
or, 6 = 243 – 225 = 18
X=3
Hence number become 9 - x = 9-3=6
15 – x = 15 -3 = 12
And 27-x = 27 -3 = 24
6 : 12 : 24 = 1: 2: 4
Thus 1: 2: 4 is continued proportion

Ans: (5)

2. Sum of three consecutive numbers is 2262. What is 41% of the highest number? (IBPS CWE
PO MT 2012)

(1) 301.5.1
(2) 303.14
(3) 308.73
(4) 306.35
(5) 309.55

Solution: Let the three consecutive number be x, x + 1 and x + 2.

Then, x + x + 1 + x + 2 =2262
or, 3x = 2262 – 3 = 2259
x= = 753

48 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 The Numbers are 753, 754, 755.
The highest number is 755
41% of 755 = 755 = 41 7.55 = 309.55

Ans: (5)

3. Rachita enters a shop to buy ice-creams, cookies and pastries. She has to buy at least 9
units of each. She buys more cookies than ice-creams and more pastries than cookies. She
picks up a total of 32 items. How many cookies does she buy? (IBPS CWE PO MT 2012)

(1) Either 12 or 13
(2) Either 11 or 12
(3) Either 10 or 11
(4) Either 9 or 11
(5) Either 9 or 10

Solution:
Total number of items = 32
Maximum number of ice creams = 9
pastries> cookies> ice cream
So, 13 10 9
12 11 9

Hence number of cookies is either 10 or 11.

Number of pastries is either 13 or 12.

Ans: (3)

4. The fare of a bus is Rs. x for the first five kilometres and Rs. 13/- per kilometre thereafter. If
a passenger pays Rs. 2402/- for a journey of 187 kilometres, what is the value of X? (IBPS CWE
PO MT 2012)

(1) Rs. 29
(2) Rs. 39
(3) Rs. 36
(4) Rs. 31
(5) None of these

Solution: Let the fare of first five kilometres be Rs. x.

Total distance = 187 km
Remaining distance = 187 - 5 = 182 km
Now, x + 182 13 = 2402

49 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 x = 2402 - 2366= Rs.36
Ans: (3)

5. The product of three consecutive even numbers is 4032. The product of the first and the
third number is 252. What is five times the second number?

(1) 80
(2) 100
(3) 60
(4) 70
(5) 90

Solution: Let the three consecutive even numbers be 2x, 2x + 2 and 2x+4.
Then, (2x) (2x + 2) (2x + 4) = 4032 ... (I)
Again, product of first and third number
2x (2x + 4) = 252 ... (II)
Putting the values of the product of first and third number in eqn (I), we have
(2x + 2) 252 = 4032
or, 2x + 2 = = 16
x=7
Hence, first number = 7 8 = 14
Second number = 7 x 2 + 2 = 16
And third number = 7 x 2 + 4 = 18
Five times of second number = 5 x 16 = 80

Ans: (1)

6. Rubina could get equal number of Rs. 55, Rs. 85 and Rs. 105 tickets for a movie. She spends
Rs. 2,940 for all the tickets. How many of each did she buy?

(1) 12
(2) 14
(3) 16
(4) Cannot be determined
(5) None of these

Solution: Let she buy x tickets.

Then total money spent = 55x + 85x + 105x
or, 245x = 2940
or, x = 12

Ans: (1)

50 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

7. Seema bought 20 pens, 8 packets of wax colours, 6 calculators and 7 pencil boxes. The price
of one pen is Rs. 7, one packet of wax colour is for Rs. 22, one calculator is for Rs. 175 and one
pencil box costs Rs. 14 more than the combined price of one pen and one packet of wax
colours.
How much amount did Seema pay to the shopkeeper?

(1) Rs. 1,491

(2) Rs. 1,725
(3) Rs. 1,667
(4) Rs. 1,527
(5) None of these

Solution: Price of one pencil box = 14 + (Price of one pen + Price of one packet of wax colours)=
14+ (7+22) = Rs. 43
Total amount paid by Seema
= {(20 × 7) + (8 × 22) + (6 × 175) + (7 × 43)}
= Rs 1667

Ans: (3)

8. In a cricket match, Sachin and Viru scored a century each (more than 100 runs) and Yuvi
and Gauti scored a half century each. Gauti scored 76 runs and Yuvi scored 12 runs less than
Gauti. Viru scored 102 runs. The sum of the scores of all the four players is 442. How many
runs did Sachin score? (Corporation Bank PO 2011)

(1) 200
(2) 210
(3) 180
(4) 160
(5) None of these

Solution: Sachin's score = 442 – 76 – (76 – 12) – 102 = 200

Ans: (1)

9. The sum of seven consecutive even numbers of Set A is 378. What is the sum of a different
set of four consecutive numbers whose lowest number is 23 less than the mean of Set A?

(1) 132
(2) 146
(3) 156
(4) 124
(5) None of these

51 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Solution: Mean of Set A
Lowest number of Set B = (54 – 23) = 31
Sum of the four numbers of Set B
= 31 + 32 + 33 + 34 = 130

Ans: (5)

10. The sum of six consecutive even numbers of Set-A is 402. What is the sum of another Set-
B of four consecutive numbers whose lowest number is 15 less than double the lowest
number of set- A? (Allahabad Bank Probationary Officers Exam 2011)

(1) 444
(2) 442
(3) 440
(4) 446
(5) None of these

Solution: Third even number = = 67 - 1 = 66

smallest even number = 62

smallest number of set B = 2 x 62 - 15 = 109

required sum = 109 + 110 + 111+ 112 = 442

Ans: (2)

52 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Practice Set-1 (Number System)

1. A person on tour has Rs 360 for his daily expense. He decides to extend his tour
programme by 4 days which leads to cutting down daily expense by Rs 3 a day. The number
of days of his tour programme is

(1) 15
(2) 20
(3) 18
(4) 16

2. Two times a two-digit number is 9 times the number obtained by reversing the digits and
sum of the digits is 9. The number is

(1) 72
(2) 54
(3) 63
(4) 81

3. If 5 students utilize 18 pencils in 9 days, how long at the same rate will 66 pencils last for 15
students?

(1) 10 days
(2) 12 days
(3) 11 days
(4) None of these

4. A man has certain number of small boxes to pack into parcels. If he packs 3, 4, 5 or 6 in a
parcel, he is left with one over; if he packs 7 in a parcel, none is left over. What is the number
of boxes he may have to pack?

(1) 106
(2) 301
(3) 309
(4) 400

5. Out of a group of swans, 7/2 times the square foot of the number are playing on the shore
of the pond. The two remaining are inside the pond. What is the total number of swans?

(1) 10
(2) 14
(3) 12

53 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

(4) 16

6. In a family, each daughter has the same number of brothers as she has sisters and each son
has twice as many sisters as he has brothers. How many sons are there in the family?

(1) 4
(2) 3
(3) 2
(4) 5

7. A yearly payment to a servant is Rs. 90 plus one turban. The servant leaves the job after 9
months and received 65 and a turban. Then find the price of the turban.

(1) Rs 10
(2) Rs 15
(3) Rs 7.50
(4) Cannot be determined

8. Mr. Mukherjee is 5 yr older to his wife and they have one son and one daughter. If the
daughter is 23 yr younger to his mother, what is the difference in the ages of the brother and
the sister?

(1) 7 yr
(2) 12 yr
(3) 4 yr
(4) 2 yr

9. The expenses of a hotel consist of two parts. The first one varies with the number of
inmates, while the second one is fixed. When the numbers of inmates are 275 and 350, the
expenses are Rs 1600 and Rs 1900 respectively. The expenses when the number of inmates is
315, are

(1) Rs 1760
(2) Rs 1680
(3) Rs 1780
(4) Rs 1660

10. If the numerator of a fraction is doubled and the denominator is increased by 3, the new
fraction is 3/5 what is the original fraction, if its denominator is more than twice the
numerator by 1?

(1) 3/7
(2) 6/13
(3) 1/3
(4) 5/11

54 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Practice Set-2 (Number System)

1. The sum and product of two numbers are 5 and 6, respectively. The sum of reciprocals of
their squares is

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

2. The sum of the squares of 3 consecutive positive numbers is 365. The sum of the numbers
is

(1) 30
(2) 33
(3) 36
(4) 45

3. The sum of a natural number and its square equals the product of the first three prime
numbers. The number is

(1) 2
(2) 3
(3) 5
(4) 6

4. 47 is added to the product of 71 and an unknown number. The new number is divisible by
7, giving the quotient 98. The unknown number is a multiple of

(1) 2
(2) 7
(3) 5
(4) 3

55 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

5. Two natural numbers are in the ratio 3: 5 and their product is 2160. The smaller of the
number is

(1) 36
(2) 24
(3) 18
(4) 12

6. The sum of two numbers is 10. Their product is 20. Find the sum of the reciprocals of the
two numbers.

(1) 1

(2)

(3)

(4)

7. The sum of the digits of a two digit numbers is 10. The number formed by reversing the
digits is 18 less than the original number. Find the original number.

(1) 81
(2) 46
(3) 64
(4) 60

8. The least number to be subtracted from 36798 to get a number which is exactly divisible by
78 is

(1) 18
(2) 60
(3) 38
(4) 68

9. The sum of first sixty number from one to sixty is divisible by

(1) 13
(2) 59
(3) 60
(4) 61

56 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

10. Eight consecutive number are given. If the average of the two numbers that appear in the
middle is 6, then the sum of the eight given numbers is

(1) 36
(2) 48
(3) 54
(4) 64

57 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Number System Practice Set-1 (Answers)

1 (2)

2 (4)

3 (3)

4 (2)

5 (4)

6 (2)

7 (1)

8 (4)

9 (1)

10 (1)

58 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Number System Practice Set-2 (Answers)

1 (1)

2 (2)

3 (3)

4 (4)

5 (1)

6 (3)

7 (3)

8 (2)

9 (4)

10 (2)

59 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Chapter: Ratio, Proportion & Alligation
Introduction:-

Ratio is the relation which one quantity bears to another of the same kind. The ratio of two

quantities a and b is the fraction and we write it as a: b.

In the ratio a: b, we call a as the first term or antecedent and b, the second term or
consequent.

Note: The multiplication or division of each term of a ratio by the same non- zero number does
not affect the ratio.

Compound Ratio: - It is obtained by multiplying together the numerators for new numerator
and denominators for new denominator.

Example 1. If the ratios are 4:3, 15:20, 2:6 and 3:5 find the compound ratio?

Sol 1. Required ratio =

Duplicate ratio of a: b =

Triplicate ratio of a: b = etc.

Example2. If we divide 4185 into two parts such that they are in ratio 7:2, then find the values
of both the parts?

Sol 2. Let the actual variable be 7x and 2x.

Then 7x+2x = 4185

So, the 1st part = 7

The 2nd part = 2

Note:

60 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

The ratio of first , second and third quantities is given by

ac : bc : bd

If the ratio between first and second quantity is a:b and third and fourth is c:d.

a: b

c: d

ac : bc : bd

Similarly, the ratio of first, second, third and fourth quantities is given by

ace : bce : bde : bdf

If the ratio between first and second quantity is a: b and third and fourth is c:d .

a : b

c : d

e: f

ace : bce : bde : bdf

Example 3. If Savita has Rs 1880. How much money does Ravina have if the ratio of money with
savita and Rita is 15: 7 and that with Rita and Ravina 16: 7?

Solution3:

Savita : Rita : Ravina

15 : 7

16 : 7

15

240 : 112 : 14

The ratio of money with Savita , Rita and Ravina is 240 : 112 : 14.

We see that 240 x = 1880

Hence 14

61 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Proportion
Introduction:-

Four quantities are said to be proportional if the two ratios are equal i.e. the A, B, C and
D are proportion. It is denoted by “::” it is written as A : B : C : D where A and D are extremes
and B and C are called means .

Product of the extreme = Product of the means

Direct proportion: - The two given quantities are so related that if one quantity increases (or
decreases) then the other quantity also increases (or decreases).

Example 1. If 5 pens cost Rs 10 then 15 pen cost?

Sol 1. It is seen that if number of pens increases then cost also increases. So,

5 pens: 15 pens:: Rs 10 : required cost

Required cost =

Inverse proportion: - The two given quantities are so related that if one quantity increases (or
decreases) then the other quantity also decreases (or increases).

Example 2.If 10 men can do a work in 20 days then in how many days 20 men can do that work?

Sol 2. Here if men increase then days should decrease, so this is a case of inverse proportion, so

10 men: 20 men :: required days : 20 days

Required days =

Rule of three: It Is the method of finding 4th term of a proportion if all the other three are given,
if ratio is a:b :: c:d then ,

d=

Compound proportion: - Lets take an example to explain this.

62 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Example3. If 9 men can do a piece of work in 40 days of 10 hours each, how many men will it
take to do 12 times the amount of work if they work for 30 days of 9 hours?

Solution 3:

Step 1. Days: ……. : …….

Hours: ……. : …….. :: 9: required no. of men

Work: ……. : ……..

Step 2.

1. Compare days with men : to do the work in less days we will need more men , so it is the
case of inverse proportion hence ,
30 : 40 :: 9 : required no. of men
2. Compare hours with men : to do the work in less hours we will need more men , so it is
the case of inverse proportion hence ,
9 : 10 :: 9 : required no. of men
3. Compare work with men : to do the more work we will need more men , so it is the
case of direct proportion hence ,

1: 12:: 9: required no. of men

Put all the values in step 1,

30: 40

9: 10 :: 9: required no. of men

1: 12

Now,

63 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 ALLIGATION

Introduction:-

The word allegation means linking. It is used to find:

1. The proportion in which the ingredients of given price are mixed to produce a new
mixture at a given price.
2. The mean or average value of mixture when the price of the two or more ingredients
and the proportion in which they are mixed are given.

Mathematical Formula:

For two ingredient:-

CP of unit quantity of cheaper (c) CP of unit quantity of dearer (d)

Mean Price

(d-m) (m-c)

Then (cheaper quantity): (dearer quantity) = (d-m): (m-c)

Example 1: If the rice at Rs 3.20 per kg and the rice at Rs 3.50 per kg be mixed then what
should be their proportion so that the new mixture be worth Rs 3.35 per kg ?

Sol 1: CP of 1 kg of cheaper rice CP of 1 kg of dearer rice

320 paisa 350 paisa

Mean Price (m)

335 paisa

15 15

64 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 By allegation:

Hence they must be mixed in equal proportion i.e. 1:1

For three ingredient:-

1. The price of the ingredient should be reduced to one denomination and then place
them in ascending order under one another.
2. After that place the mean prices to the left of all the price
3. Then pair the price so that price less than and greater than the mean prices go together.
4. Then find out the difference between mean price and each price and place it opposite to
the price with which it is linked.
5. These difference will help to find out the given answer and similarly it will work for four
ingredients .

Example 2: Find out the ratio of new mixture so that it will cost Rs 1.40 per kg from the
given three kinds of rice costing Rs 1.20, Rs 1.45 and Rs 1.74?

Sol 2: 1st rice cost = 120, 2nd rice cost = 145 and 3rd rice cost = 174 paisa.

From the above rule: we have,

120 5+34 [(145-140) + (174-140)]

140 145 20 (140-120)

174 20 (140-120)

Therefore, three rice must be mixed in 39: 20: 20 ratios to have a new mixture of rice.

65 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Solved Examples (Ratio, Proportion & Alligation)

1. A certain amount was to be distributed among A, B and C in the ratio 2: 3: 4 respectively,

but was erroneously distributed in the ratio 7: 2: 5 respectively. As a result of this, B got Rs 40
less. What is the amount? (IBPS CWE PO MT 2012)

(1) Rs. 210

(2) Rs. 270
(3) Rs. 230
(4) Rs. 280
(5) None of these

Solution: Let the amount be x.

B's share =
Due to error B's share =
Difference in B's share due to error = 40

- = 40

or, = 40
or, 24x = 40 126
x= = Rs. 210

Ans: (1)

2. Rs.73,689/- are divided between A and B in the ratio 4: 7. What is the difference between
thrice the share of A and twice the share of B? (IBPS CWE PO MT 2012)

(1) Rs. 36,699

(2) Rs. 46,893
(3) Rs. 20,097
(4) Rs. 26,796
(5) Rs. 13,398

Solution: Let A’s share be 4x and B’s share be 7x.

4x +7x = 73689
or, 11x = 73689

66 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 x= = 6699
A’s share = 6699 4 = 26796
B’s share = 6699 7 = 44893
Thrice the share of A = 26796 3 = 80388
Twice the share of B = 46893 2= 93786
Difference = 93786 - 80388 = Rs. 13398

Ans: (5)

3. The ratio of the present age of Manisha and Deepali is 5:X. Manisha is 9 years younger than
Parineeta. Parineeta’s age after 9 years will be 33 years. The difference between Deepali's
and Manisha's age is the same as the present age of Parineeta. What should come in place of
X?

(1) 23
(2) 39
(3) 15
(4) Cannot be determined
(5) None of these

Solution: Parineeta’s present age = (33 - 9 =) 24 yrs.

Manisha's present age = (24 - 9 =) 15 yrs.

Deepali’s present age = IS + 24 = 39 yrs.

Ratio of the present age of Manisha and Deepali

= 15 : 39 = 5 : 13
X = 13

Ans: (5)

4. The ratio between the three angles of a quadrilateral is 3 : 5 : 9. The value of the fourth
angle of the quadrilateral is 71˚. What is the difference between the largest and the smallest
angles of the quadrilateral? (IBPS RRB Group ‘A’ Officers Exam 2012)

(1) 82˚
(2) 106˚
(3) 102˚
(4) 92˚
(5) None of these

67 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Solution. Let the quadrilateral angles be 3x, 5x, 9x and 71˚.
Total sum of angles = 3x + 5x + 9x + 71˚ = 360˚
or, 17x = 360 – 71 = 289
∴ x = 17°
Hence angles are 51˚, 85˚, 153°, and 71˚.
∴ Difference = 153 – 51 = 102˚.

Ans: (3)

5. The second largest and the smallest angles of a triangle are in the ratio of 6 : 5. The
difference between the second largest angle and the smallest angle 'of the triangle is equal to
9°. What is the difference between the smallest and the largest angles of the triangle? (IBPS
RRB Group ‘A’ Officers Exam 2012)

(1) 36°
(2) 24°
(3) 12°
(4) 18°
(4) None of these

Solution. Let the second largest angle of the triangle be 6x and the smallest angle 5x.

Now, 6x - 5x = 9°

or, x = 9°

Second largest angle = 54°

Smallest angle = 45°

Sum of angles of a triangle = 180°

∴ largest angle = 180 - 99 = 810

∴ Difference = 81 - 45 = 36°.

Ans: 1

6. The ratio between the speed of a bus and train is 15 : 27 respectively. Also, a car covered a
distance of 720 km in 9 hours. The speed of the bus is three- fourth the speed of the car. How
much distance will the train cover in 7 hours? (Allahabad Bank Probationary Officers Exam
2011)

(1) 760 km
(2) 756 km
(3) 740 km

68 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

(4) Cannot be determined
(5) None of these

Solution: Speed of the car = = = 80hm/hr

Speed of the bus = 60km/hr

Speed of the train = 108km/hr

Distance covered by train in 7 hours = (7 x 108 =) 756 km

Ans: (2)

69 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Practice Set-1 (Ratio, Proportion & Alligation)

1. A container has 80 L of milk. From expenditures is 4 : 3. If each saves

this container 8 L of milk was taken Rs. 200 per week, then the sum of
out and replaced by water. The their weekly incomes is
process was further repeated twice. a) Rs. 3200
The volume of milk in the container b) Rs. 4200
after that is [SSC Quantitative c) Rs. 4800
Aptitude (Arihant)] d) Rs. 5600
a) 58.23 L 5. The ratio of alcohol and water in 40
b) 85.23 L L of mixture is 5 : 3.8 L of the
c) 58.32 L mixture is removed and replaced
d) 85.32 L with water, Now, the ratio of the
2. A can contains a mixture of two alcohol and water in the resultant
liquids A and B in the ratio 7 : 5. mixture is
When 9 L of mixture is drawn off a) 1 : 2
and the can is filled with B, the b) 1 : 1
ratio of A and B becomes 7 : 9. c) 2 : 1
Litres of liquid A contained by the d) 1 : 3
can initially was 6. Rama's expenditure and savings are
a) 10 in the ratio 3 : 2. His income
b) 20 increases by 10%. His expenditure
c) 21 also increases by 12%. His saving
d) 25 increases by
3. What number should be added to a) 7%
or subtracted from each term of the b) 10%
ratio 17 : 24 so that it becomes c) 9%
equal to 1 : 2? d) 13%
a) 5 is subtracted 7. Three numbers are in the ratio 3 : 4
b) 10 is added : 5. The sum of the largest and the
c) 7 is added smallest equals the sum of the
d) 10 is subtracted second and 52. The smallest
4. The ratio of weekly incomes of A number is
and B is 9 : 7 and the ratio of their a) 20

70 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 b) 27 variety in these mixture is 3 : 4,
c) 39 then what is the cost price of each
d) 52 variety of tea ? [Mission MBA MAT
8. The ratio of the ages of Ram and (Arihant)]
Rahim 10 yr ago was 1 : 3. The ratio a) Rs 21, 42
of their ages 5 yr hence will be 2 : 3. b) Rs 15, 30
Then, the ratio of their present ages c) Rs 16.5, 33
is d) Rs 17, 34
a) 1 : 2 12. Two liquids are mixed in the ratio 3
b) 3 : 5 : 5 and the mixture is sold at Rs 120
c) 3 : 4 with a profit of 20%. If the first
d) 2 : 5 liquid is costlier than the second by
9. The ratio of milk and water in Rs 2 per litre, find the cost of the
mixtures of four container are 5 : 3, costlier liquid per litre.
2 : 1, 3 : 2 and 7 : 4, respectively. In a) Rs 92.30
which container is the quantity of b) Rs 74.10
milk, relative to water, minimum? c) Rs 101.25
a) First d) Rs 99.25
b) Second 13. A grocer buys two kinds of rice at
c) Third Rs 1.80 and Rs 1.20 per kg
d) Fourth respectively. In what proportion
10. In a mixture of 25 L, the ratio of should these be mixed, so that by
acid to water is 4 : 1. Another 3 L of selling the mixture at Rs 1.75 per
water is added to the mixture. The kg, 25% may be gained?
ratio of acid to water in the new a) 2 : 1
mixture is b) 3 : 2
a) 5 : 2 c) 3 : 4
b) 2 : 5 d) 1 : 2
c) 3 : 5 14. A jar full of whisky contains 40% of
d) 5 : 3 alcohol. A part of this whisky is
11. A shopkeeper buys two varieties of replaced by another containing 19%
tea, the price of the first being alcohol and now the percentage of
twice the second. He sells the alcohol was found to be 26. The
mixture at Rs 36 per kilogram and quantity of whisky replaced is
makes a profit of 20%. If the ratio of
quantities of the first and second a)

71 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 b) 27 : 37
b) c) 16 : 19
d) None of these
c)
18. Prabhu purchased 30 kg of rice at
the rate of Rs 17.50 per kg and
d)
another 30 kg rice at a certain rate.
15. A container contains 240 L of wine. He mixed the two rice and sold the
80 L is taken out of the container entire quantity at the rate of Rs
everyday and an equal quantity of 18.60 per kg and made 20% over all
water is put into it. Find the profit. At what price per kg did he
quantity of the wine that remains in purchase the lot of another 30 kg
the container at the end of the rice?
fourth day. a) Rs 14.50
a) 39.2 L b) Rs 12.50
b) 32 L c) Rs 15.50
c) 42.5 L d) Rs 13.50
d) 47.40 L 19. A person has a chemical of Rs 50
16. A tea trader mixed two varieties of per litre. In what ratio should water
tea, one costing Rs 3.50 per kg and be mixed in that chemical so that
the other costing Rs 4 per kg and after selling the mixture at Rs 40
sells 40 kg of the mixture to a per litre he may get a profit of 50%.
vendor at Rs 4.50 per kg and makes a) 8 : 7
a profit of 20%. How much of each b) 9 : 8
variety did the vendor mix? c) 10 : 7
a) 30 kg, 10 kg d) 4 : 3
b) 20 kg, 20 kg 20. A trader has 50 kg of pulses, part of
c) 10 kg, 30 kg which he sells at 8% profit and the
d) None of these rest at 18% profit. He gains 14% on
17. A vessel contains 50 L milk. The the whole. What is the quantity
milkman delivers 10 L to the first sold at 18% profit?
house and adds an equal quantity a) 30 kg
of water. He does exactly the same b) 35 kg
at the second and third house. c) 40 kg
What is the ratio of milk and water d) None of these
when he has finished delivering at
the third house?
a) 61 : 64
72 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude
21. A container of capacity 120 L is 22. How much water should be added
filled with milk and water. 80% of
milk and 40% of water is taken out to 60 L of milk at L for Rs 10 so
of vessel. It is found that the vessel
is vacated by 65%. What is the ratio as to have a mixture worth Rs
of milk to water? per litre?
a) 5 : 3 a) 16 L
b) 6 : 5 b) 15 L
c) 3 : 5 c) 18 L
d) 4 : 3 d) 20 L

73 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Practice Set-2 (Ratio, Proportion & Alligation)

1. An employer reduces the number g) 7 is added

of employees in the ratio 8 : 5 and
h) 10 is subtracted
increases their wages in the ratio 7 :
9. As a result, the overall wages bill 4. The ratio of weekly incomes of A
is and B is 9 : 7 and the ratio of their
a) increased in the ratio 56 : 69 expenditures is 4 : 3. If each saves
Rs. 200 per week, then the sum of
b) decreased in the ratio 56 : 45
their weekly incomes is
c) increased in the ratio 13 : 17
e) Rs. 3200
d) decreased in the ratio 17 : 13
f) Rs. 4200
2. A can contains a mixture of two
g) Rs. 4800
liquids A and B in the ratio 7 : 5.
When 9 L of mixture is drawn off h) Rs. 5600
and the can is filled with B, the
ratio of A and B becomes 7 : 9. 5. Rama's expenditure and savings are
Litres of liquid A contained by the in the ratio 3 : 2. His income
can initially was increases by 10%. His expenditure
also increases by 12%. His saving
e) 10 increases by
f) 20 e) 7%
g) 21 f) 10%
h) 25 g) 9%
3. What number should be added to h) 13%
or subtracted from each term of the
ratio 17 : 24 so that it becomes 6. If A : B is 2 : 3, B : C is 6 : 11, then A :
equal to 1 : 2? B : C is

e) 5 is subtracted a) 2 : 3 : 11

f) 10 is added b) 4 : 6 : 22

74 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 c) 4 : 6 : 11 d) 64

d) 2 : 6 : 11 10. Acid and water are mixed in a

vessel A in the ratio of 5 : 2 and in
7. The ratio of the ages of Ram and
the vessel B in the ratio of 8 : 5. In
Rahim 10 yr ago was 1 : 3. The ratio
what proportion should quantities
of their ages 5 yr hence will be 2 : 3.
be taken out from the two vessels,
Then, the ratio of their present ages
so as to form a mixture in which the
is
acid and water will be in the ratio
e) 1 : 2 of 9 : 4?

f) 3 : 5 a) 7 : 2

g) 3 : 4 b) 2 : 7

h) 2 : 5 c) 7 : 4

8. If the annual income of A, B and C d) 2 : 3

are in the ratio 1 : 3 : 7 and the total
11. In an alloy, Zinc and Copper are in
annual income of A and C is Rs.
the ratio 1 : 2. In the second alloy,
800000, then the monthly salary of
the same elements are in the ratio
B is
2 : 3. If these two alloys be mixed to
a) Rs. 20000 form a new alloy in which two
elements are in the ratio 5 : 8, the
b) Rs. 25000 ratio of these two alloys in the new
alloy is
c) Rs. 30000
a) 3 : 10
d) Rs. 15000
b) 3 : 7
9. Two numbers are such that the
ratio between them is 4 : 7. If each c) 10 : 3
is increased by 4 the ratio becomes
3 : 5. The larger number is d) 7 : 3

a) 36 12. A boy has a few coins of

denominations 50 paise, 25 paise
b) 48 and 10 paise in the ratio 1 : 2 : 3. If
the total amount of the coins is Rs.
c) 56

75 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 6.50, the number of 10 paise coins school, the ratio of boys and girls
is becomes

a) 5 a) 12 : 7

b) 10 b) 10 : 7

c) 15 c) 8 : 7

d) 20 d) 4 : 3

13. The sum of the ages of a father and 15. A box contains Rs. 1,50 paise and
his son is 100 yr now. 5 yr ago their 25 paise coins in the ratio 8 : 5 : 3. If
ages were in the ratio of 2 : 1. The the total amount of money in the
ratio of the ages of father and son box is Rs. 112.50, the number of 50
after 10 yr will be paise coins is

a) 5 : 3 a) 80

b) 4 : 3 b) 50

c) 10 : 7 c) 30

d) 3 : 5 d) 42

14. In a school having roll strength 286,

the ratio of boys and girls is 8 : 5. If
22 more girls get admitted into the

76 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Ratio, Proportion & Alligation Practice Set-1 (Answers)

1) c 12) c

2) c 13) d

3) d 14) c

4) a 15) d

5) b 16) b

6) a 17) a

7) c 18) d

8) b 19) a

9) c 20) a

10) a 21) a

11) a 22) b

77 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Ratio, Proportion & Alligation Practice Set-2 (Answers)

1) b 9) c

2) c 10) a

3) d 11) a

4) a 12) c

5) a 13) a

6) c 14) d

7) b 15) b

8) b

78 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Chapter: Averages
The term Average refers to the sum of all observations divided by the total number of
observations. Average is used quite regular in our day to day life. For example to calculate the
average marks of the students, Average height of a particular group etc. The term average is
also referred to as ‘Mean’. Basic formula to calculate the average is as follows:

Average = ( )

Example. What is the average of First 10 Prime numbers?

Solution: First 10 Prime number are 2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19,23,29.

Hence, Average = {2+3+5+7+11+13+17+19+23+29} / 10

= 129 / 10

= 12.90

So, Average of First 10 Prime numbers is 12.90.

Example. The total number of sales visits made by a Salesman in the month of June is 90.
What is the Average visit he makes per day?

Solution: Number of days in the month of June are 30

Hence, Average Visit per day = Number of total visits / Number of total days

= 90 / 30

=3

So, the salesman makes 3 visits per day.

79 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Solved Examples (Averages)

1. Ramola's monthly income is three times Ravina's monthly income. Ravina's monthly income is
fifteen per cent more than Ruchira's monthly income. Ruchira's monthly income is Rs. 32,000. What is
Ramola's annual income?

(1) Rs. 1,10.400

(2) Rs. 13,24,800
(3) Rs. 36,800
(4) Rs. 52,200
(5) None of these

Solution: Ravina's monthly income = 32000 = Rs. 36800

Ramola's monthly income = 3 36800 = Rs. 110400

Ramola's annual income = 12 110400 = Rs. 1324800

Ans: (2)

2. The average marks in English of a class of 24 students is 56. If the marks of three students were
misread as 44, 45 and 61 in lieu of the actual marks 48, 59 and 67 respectively, then what would be
the correct average?

(1) 56.5
(2) 59
(3) 57.5
(4) 58
(5) None of these

Solution: Total marks = 24 × 56 = 1344

Total of actual marks

= 1344 - (44 + 45 + 61) + (48 + 59 + 67) = 1368

Actual Average = = 57

80 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Ans: (5)

3. In a test, a candidate secured 468 marks out of maximum marks' A:. Had the maximum marks' A'
converted to 700, he would have secured 336 marks. What was the maximum marks of the test?

(1) 775
(2) 875
(3) 975
(4) 1075
(5) None of these

Solution: Converted maximum marks = 700

Converted marks = 336

% marks = x 100= 48%

468 is 48 % of maximum marks 'A'

A= × 100 =975

Ans : (3)

4. The ratio between the speed of a truck, car and train is 3: 8: 12. The car moved uniformly
and covered a distance of 1040 km in 13 hours. What is the average speed of the truck and
the train together? (IBPS RRB Group ‘A’ Officers Exam 2012)

(1) 75km/hr

(2) 60 km/hr

(3) 48 km/hr

(4) Cannot be determined

(5) None of these

Solution: Speed of car

Ratio of speed of truck, car and train = 3 : 8 : 9

Now 8x = 80

81 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

∴ x = 10

Hence truck = 30 kmph.

Train = 90 kmph.

∴ Average speed of truck and train together

Ans: 2

5. The circumference of a circle is twice the perimeter of a rectangle. The area of the circle is
5544 sq cm. What is the area of the rectangle if the length of the rectangle is 40cm? (IBPS RRB
Group ‘A’ Officers Exam 2012)

(1) 1120 sq cm

(2) 1020 sq cm

(3) 1140 sq cm

(4) 1040 sq cm

(5) None of these

Solution: Area of circle

∴ r = 42

Circumference of circle = 2 ⤬ perimeter of rectangle

Or,

Or, perimeter of rectangle = 132 cm

Or, 2(l + b) = 132

∴ l + b = 66

∴ b = 66 – 40 = 26

82 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Area of rectangle = 40 ⤬ 26 = 1040 cm2 = 1040 sq.cm.

Ans: 4

6. Among three numbers the first is twice the second thrice the third. If the average of the
three numbers is 49.5, then the difference between the first and the third number is

(1) 54

(2) 28

(3) 39.5

(4) 41.5

Solution: Let first number = x

Then, second number =

and third number =

According to given condition,

X + + = 3 × 49.5

 = 148.5

 11x = 6 × 148.5

x = = 81

First number = 81

Third Number = = 27

Required difference = 81-27=54

Ans: (1)

83 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

7. 10 yrs ago, the average age of P and Q was 20 yrs. Average age of P, Q is 30 yrs now. After
10 yr, the age of R will be

(1) 35 yr
(2) 40 yr
(3) 30 yr
(4) 45 yr

Solution: 10 yr ago, total age P and q

= 20 × 2 = 40 yr

Present total age of P and Q = 40+2×10= 60 yr

Present total age of P and Q and R=30×3= 90 yr

R’s age = 90-60 = 30 yr

After 10 yr R’s age = (30+10) yr = 40 yr

Ans: (2)

8. In an examination, the average of marks was found to be 50. For 100 students, marks was
computed wrongly as 90 instead of 60.For deducting marks for computational errors, the
average of marks came down to 45. The total number of candidate, who appeared at the
examination, was

(1) 600
(2) 300
(3) 200
(4) 150

Solution: Let the total number of candidate be x.

By given condition.

50x- 90x100+ 60x100= 45x

 50x – 9000+6000 = 45x

 50x – 45x = 3000

x= = 600.

Ans: (1)
84 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude
9. The average of 25 observations 13. It was later found that an observation 73 was wrongly
entered as 48. The new average is

(1) 12.6
(2) 14
(3) 15
(4) 13.8

Solution: Required new average

= = = 14

Ans: (2)

10. A tabulator while calculating the average marks of 100 students of an examination, by
mistake enters 68, instead of 86 and obtained the average marks of those students are

(1) 58.8
(2) 57.82
(3) 58.81
(4) 57.28

Solution: Actual total number of 100 students

= 5800 + (86 - 68)

= 5818

Required actual average = = 58.18

Ans: (1)

85 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Practice Set (Averages)

1. The average age of a jury of 5 is 40. c) 29.28

If a member aged 35 resigns and a
d) 38.21
managed 25 becomes a member,
then the average age of the new 4. One third of a certain journey is
jury is covered at the rate of 25 km/h,
one-fourth at the rate of 30 km/h
a) 30 yr
and the rest at 50 km/h. The
b) 38 yr average speed for the whole
journey is
c) 40 yr
a) 35 km/h
d) 42 yr

2. The average of the runs made by b)

Raju, Shyam and Hari is 7 less than
that made by Shyam, Hari and c) 30 km/h
Kishore. If the number of Kishore's
run is 35, what is Raju's run? d)
a) 21
5. The average of 5 numbers is 140. If
b) 35 one number is excluded, the
average of the remaining 4
c) 7 numbers is 130. The excluded
number is
d) 14
a) 135
3. The mean of 50 numbers is 30.
Later it was discovered that two b) 134
entries were wrongly entered as 82
and 13 instead of 28 and 31. Find c) 180
the correct mean.
d) 150
a) 36.12

b) 30.66

86 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

6. The average weight of 5 persons 9. In a class, the average score of girls
sitting in a boat is 38 kg. The in an examination is 73 and that of
average weight of the boat and the boys is 71. The average score for
persons sitting in the boat is 52 kg. the whole class is 71.8. Find the
What is the weight of the boat? percentage of girls

a) 228 kg a) 40%

b) 122 kg b) 50%

c) 232 kg c) 55%

d) 242 kg d) 60%

7. There are 50 students in a class. 10. The average of the first 100 positive
Their average weight is 45 kg. integers is
When one student leaves the class
a) 100
the average weight reduces by 100
g. What is the weight of the student b) 51
who left the class?
c) 50.5
a) 45 kg
d) 49.5
b) 47.9 kg
11. Out of the three numbers, the first
c) 49.9 kg number is twice of the second and
the second is thrice of the third
d) 50.1 kg
number. If the average of these 3
8. Out of 4 numbers, whose average is numbers is 20, then the sum of the
60, the first one is one fourth of the largest and smallest numbers is
sum of the last three. The first
a) 24
number is
b) 42
a) 15
c) 54
b) 45
d) 60
c) 48

d) 60

87 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

12. The average age of 40 students of a d) 46
class is 18 yr. When 20 new
15. The average of marks scored by the
students are admitted to the same
students of a class is 68. The
class, the average age of the
average of marks of the girls in the
students of the class is increased by
class is 80 and that of boys is 60.
6 months. The average age of newly
What is the percentage of boys in
admitted students is
the class?
a) 19 yr
a) 40
b) 19 yr 6 months
b) 60
c) 20 yr
c) 65
d) 20 yr 6 months
d) 70
13. The average age of 40 students of a
16. The average age of 30 boys in a
class is 15 yr. When 10 new
class is 15 yr. One boy aged 20 yr,
students are admitted, the average
left the class but two new boys
age is increased by 0.2 yr. The
came in his place whose ages differ
average age of new students is
by 5 yr. If the average age of all the
a) 15.2 yr boys now in the class still remains
15 yr, the age of the younger
b) 16 yr
newcomer is
c) 16.2.yr
a) 20 yr
d) 16.4 yr
b) 15 yr
14. The average of 6 observations is
c) 10 yr
45.5. If one new observation is
added to the previous observation, d) 8 yr
then the new average becomes 47.
The new observation is

a) 58

b) 56

c) 50

88 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

17. Out of 10 teachers of a school, one b) 56
teacher retires and in his place a
c) 55
new teacher of age 25 yr joins. As a
result of it, the average age of the d) 57
teachers is reduced by 3 yr. The age
of the retired teacher is 19. Ram aims to score an average of 80
marks in quarterly and half yearly
a) 60 yr exams. But his average in quarterly
is 3 marks less than his target and
b) 58 yr
that in half yearly is 2 marks more
c) 56 yr than his aim. The difference
between the total marks scored in
d) 55 yr
both the exams is 25. Total marks
18. The mean weight of 34 students of aimed by Ram is
a school is 42 kg. If the weight of
a) 380
the teacher be included, the mean
rises by 400 g. Find the weight of b) 400
the teacher (in kg).
c) 410
a) 66
d) 430

89 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Averages Practice Set (Answers)

1) b 11) b
2) d 12) b
3) c 13) b
4) b 14) b
5) c 15) b
6) b 16) b
7) c 17) d
8) c 18) b
9) a 19) a
10) c

90 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Chapter: Percentages, Partnership and Share
INTRODUCTION

The word per cent means per hundred. Thus 19 parts out of 100 parts. This can also be written

as .

Fraction Equivalents of important Percentages.

PER CENT TO FRACTION

To convert a per cent to a fraction, divide it by 100 and delete the % sign.

Example: 2% can be converted to a fraction as

PER CENT OF A NUMBER

Per cent of a number is the product of equivalent fraction (of rate per cent) and the number.

Example: To find out 25% of 500

91 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude
Solution: Required value = 25% of 500

equivalent fraction for 25%

= 125

Example: 9% of what number is 36?

Solution: the required number (base number)

= 400

Example: If 30% of a number is 48, then what is 40% of the number?

Solution: Here, unitary method can be used to save the time.

30% → 48

⥤ 1% →

⥤ 40% →

Hence, the required value is 64

Calculating % EXCESS OR % SHORTNESS

When a number A exceeds the another number B by x %, then % shortness of

It implies that B is less than A by .

Similarly, if a number A is short of (or less than) B by x%, then % excess of B

92 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

i.e. B is more than A by

Example: If the income of Ram is more than that of Mohan by 25% then by much percentage
Mohan's income is than that of Ram?

Solution: Required % shortness (less) income of Mohan

= 20%

Therefore, income of Mohan is 20% less than that of Ram.

Partnership and Shares

Meaning: When two or more than two persons run a business jointly, they are called partners
in that business and the deal between them is known as partnership.

There are two types of partners in the business

1. Working Partner: A person who manages the business is known as working partner.

2. Sleeping Partner: A person who simply invests the money is known as sleeping partner.

Some Important Formulae:

Suppose two persons P and Q invests Rs. X and Rs. Y respectively for a year in a business, then
their share of profit or loss at the end of the year:

Suppose two persons P and Q invests Rs. X for m month and Rs. Y for n months respectively,
then

Example1: P, Q and R started a business by investing Rs. 1, 50,000, Rs. 2, 50,000 and 3, 50,000
respectively. At the end of the year, out of an annual profit of Rs.30, 000 find the share of P,
Q and R respectively.

Solution: Ratio of shares of P, Q and R respectively = Ratio of their investments

93 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 = 1,50,000 : 2,50,000 : 3,50,000

= 3: 5:7

 Share of P’s profit = Rs. (30,000 × ) = Rs. 6,000.

Share of Q’s profit = Rs. (30,000 × ) = Rs. 10,000.

Share of R’s profit = Rs. (30,000 × ) = Rs. 14,000.

Example2: Ram started a business investing Rs. 50,000.After 4 months, Shyam joined him
with a capital of Rs. 30,000 .After another 2 months, Mohan joined them with a capital of Rs.
60,000.At the end of the year, they made a profit of Rs. 24,000.Find the share of profits of
Ram, Shyam and Mohan.

Solution: According to the given problem, it is clear that Ram invested his capital for 12
months, Shyam invested for 8 months and Mohan invested for 6 months.

Then, ratio of their Capitals = (50,000 × 12) : (30,000 × 8) : (60,000 × 6)

= 60:24:36 = 5:2:3

 Share of Ram’s profit = (24,000 × ) = Rs.12,000;

Share of Shyam’s profit = (24,000 × ) = Rs.4,800;

Share of Mohan’s profit = (24,000 × ) = Rs.7,200.

94 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Solved Examples (Percentages, Partnership and Share)

1. Akash scored 73 marks in subject A. He scored 56% marks in subject B and X marks in
subject C. Maximum marks in each subject were 150. The overall percentage marks obtained
by Akash in all the three subjects together were 54%. How many marks did he score in
subject C? (IBPS CWE PO MT 2012)
(1) 84
(2) 86
(3) 79
(4) 73
(5) None of these

Solution: Akash scored in subject A = 73 marks

Subject B = = 84 marks
Total marks Akash got in all the three subjects together
= 54 4.5 = 243 marks
Let Akash's marks in subject C be X.
A + B + C = 243
or, A + B + X = 243
or, X = 243- (84 +73) = 243 -157= 86 marks

Ans: (2)

2. An HR Company employs 4800 persons, out of which 45 per cent are males and 60 per cent
of the males are either 25 years or older. How many males are employed in that HR Company
who are younger than 25 years?

(1) 2640

(2) 2160

(3) 1296

(4) 864

(5) None of these

Solution: Total number of persons = 4800

95 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Number of males = 45% of 4800 = = 2160

Now, according to the question,

Number of males who are younger than 25 years

= (100-60 =) 40% of 2160

= 864

Ans: (4)

3. Six-elevenths of a number is equal to 22 per cent of the second number. The second
number is equal to one- fourth of the third number. The value of the third number is 2400.
What is 45% of the first number?

(1) 109.8
(2) 111.7
(3) 117.6
(4) 123.4
(5) None of these

Solution: According to the question,

x First number = 22% of second number

Second number = x Third number

or, Second number = x 2400 = 600

or, First number = ×

= × 242

required answer = 45% of 242 = = 108.9

96 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Ans: (5)

4. In an entrance examination, Ritu scored 56 per cent marks, Smita scored 92 per cent marks
and Rina scored 634 marks. The maximum marks of the examination is 875. What is the
average marks scored by all the three girls together?

(1) 1929
(2) 815
(3) 690
(4) 643
(5) None of these

Solution: Ritu's marks = 875 x = 490

Smita's, marks = 875 x = 805

Rina's marks = 634

Total marks = 490 + 80S + 634 = 1929

Average = = 643

Ans: (4)

5. If twenty five per cent of three-sevenths of twenty six per cent of a number is 136.5, what
is the number? (IBPS RRB Group ‘A’ Officers Exam 2012)

(1) 6300
(2) 5600
(3) 4800
(4) 4900
(5) None of these

Solution: Let the number be x.

Then,

Ans: (4)

97 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

6. Two-thirds of Ranjit’s monthly salary is equal to Raman’s monthly salary. Raman’s monthly
salary id thirty per cent more than pawan’s monthly salary. Pawan’s monthly salary is Rs.
32000. What is Ranjit’s monthly salary? (IBPS RRB Group ‘A’ Officers Exam 2012)

(1) Rs. 64200

(2) Rs. 62500
(3) Rs. 64500
(4) Rs. 62400
(5) None of these

Solution: Pawan’s monthly salary = Rs. 32,000

Raman’s monthly salary

Ranjit’s monthly salary

Ans: (4)

7. In a class there are 60 students, out of whom 15 per cent are girls. Each girl’s monthly fee is
Rs. 250 and each boy’s monthly fee is 34 per cent more than a girl. What is the total monthly
fees of girls and boys together? (IBPS RRB Group ‘A’ Officers Exam 2012)

(1) Rs. 19335

(2) Rs. 18435
(3) Rs. 19345
(4) Rs. 19435
(5) None of these

Solution: Number of girls

Total monthly fee of girls = 250 ⤬ 9 = Rs. 2250

Number of boys = 60 – 9 = 51

Monthly fee of one boy

Total monthly fees of boys = 51 ⤬ 335 = Rs. 17085

∴ Sum = 17085 + 2250 = Rs. 19,235

Ans: (1)

98 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

8. Ravi scored 225 marks in a test and failed by 15 marks. If the passing percentage of the test
is 25 per cent, what is the maximum marks of the test?

(1) 860
(2) 840
(3) 920
(4) 960
(5) None of these

Solution: Passing marks = 225 + 15 = 240

Maximum marks

Ans: (4)

9. Ravi scored 225 marks in a test and failed by 15 marks. If the passing percentage of the test
is 25 per cent, what is the maximum marks of the test?

(1) 860
(2) 840
(3) 920
(4) 960
(5) None of these

Solution: Passing marks = 225 + 15 = 240

Maximum marks

Ans: (4)

10. In a school, there are 800 students out of whom 12 per cent are girls. Each boy's monthly
fee is Rs. 220 and each girl's monthly fee is 25 per cent less than that of a boy. What is the
total monthly fee of all the girls and boys together? (Corporation Bank PO 2011)

(1) Rs. 1,72,020

(2) Rs. 1 ,80,780
(3) Rs. 1,70,720
(4) Rs. 1,80,600
(5) None of these

99 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Solution: Total number of girls

Total number of boys = 800 – 96 = 704

Each girl’s monthly fee

Total monthly fee of girls and boys together

= 96 ⤬ 165 + 704 ⤬ 220

= 15840 + 154880 = Rs. 170720

Ans: (3)

100 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Practice Set-1 (Percentages, Partnership and Share)

1. The number of seats in an to pass. He got 125 marks and

auditorium is increased by 25%. The failed by 40 marks. The maximum
price of a ticket is also increased by marks were
12%. Then, the increase in revenue a) 500
collection will be b) 600
a) 40% c) 800
b) 35% d) 1000
c) 45% 5. In an office 40% of the staff is
d) 48% female, 40% of the female and 60%
2. Two numbers are 30% and 40% of the male voted for me. The
more than the third number, percentage of votes I got was
respectively. The first number is x % a) 24%
of the second. Then, x is equal to b) 42%
c) 50%
a) d) 52%
6. If A's income is 50% less than that
b)
of B's, then B's income is what per
c) cent more than that of A?
a) 125%
d) b) 100%
3. The price of cooking oil has c) 75%
increased by 25%. The percentage d) 50%
of reduction that a family should 7. In an examination, 35% of the
effect in the use of cooking oil, so candidates failed in Mathematics
as not to increase the expenditure and 25% in English. If 10% failed in
on this account is both Mathematics and English,
a) 15% then how much per cent passed in
b) 20% both the subjects?
c) 25% a) 50%
d) 30% b) 55%
4. In an examination, a student had to c) 57%
obtain 33% of the maximum marks d) 60%

101 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

8. The price of sugar rise by 25%. If a 11. A number reduced by 25% becomes
family wants to keep their expenses 225. What per cent should it be
on sugar the same as earlier, the increased, so that it becomes 375?
family will have to decrease its a) 25%
consumption of sugar by b) 30%
a) 25% c) 35%
b) 20% d) 75%
c) 80% 12. 25% of the candidates who
d) 75% appeared in an examination failed
9. If the numerator of a fraction is to qualify and only 450 candidates
increased by 20% and the qualified. The number of
denominator is decreased by 5%, candidates, who appeared in the
the value of the new fraction examination was
a) 700
becomes . The original fraction is b) 600
c) 550
a)
d) 500
13. A worker suffers a 20% cut in his
b)
wages. He may regain his original
wages by obtaining a rise of
c)
a) 27.5%
b) 25.0%
d)
c) 22.5%
10. If the price of tea is increased by
d) 20.0%
20%, by how much per cent the
14. A certain company has 80
consumption of tea be reduced, so
engineers. If the engineers
that there is no increase in the
constitute 40% of its workers, then
expenditure on it?
the number of people employed in
a) the company is
a) 150
b) 20%
b) 800
c) c) 200
d) 3200
d)

102 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

15. A saves 20% of his monthly salary. c) Rs. 1500
If his monthly expenditure is Rs. d) Rs. 1800
6000. Then, his monthly saving is
a) Rs. 1200
b) Rs. 4800

103 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Practice Set-2 (Percentages, Partnership and Share)

1. A starts business with Rs. 7000 and after (d) Rs 800

5 months, B joined as a partner. After a
year the profit is divided in the ratios 2: 3. 4. A began a business with Rs 2250 and
The capital of B is was joined afterwards by B with Rs 2700. If
the profits at the end of the year were
(a) Rs 10000 divided in the ratio of 2: 1, after how much
time B joined the business?
(b) Rs 6500
(a) 5 months
(c) Rs 18000
(b) 6 months
(d) Rs 9000
(c) 3 months
2. A, Band C started a business by investing
Rs 40500, Rs 45000 and Rs 60000, (d) 7 months
respectively. After 6 months C withdrew Rs
15000 while A invested Rs 4500 more. In 5. Amit and Brijesh started a business with
annual profit of Rs 56100 the share of C initial investments in the ratio of 12: 11
will exceed that of A by and their annual profits were in the ratio
of 4: 1. If Amit invested the money for 11
(a) Rs 900 months, then for what time Brijesh
invested the money?
(b) Rs 1100
(a) 9 months
(c) Rs 3000
(b) 3 months
(d) Rs 3900
(c) 5 months
3. A, B and C entered into partnership in a
(d) 10 months
business. A got of the profit and B and C
6. A began a business with Rs 10500 and is
distributed the remaining profit equally. If
joined afterwards by B with Rs 18000.
C got Rs 400 less than A, the total profit
was After how many months did B join, if the
profit at the end of year is divided equally?
(a) Rs 1600
(a) 5 months
(b) Rs 1200
(b) 15 months
(c) Rs 1000
(c) 10 months

104 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

(d) 9 months (a) Rs 14133

7. A and B started a business by investing (b) Rs 15000

Rs 35000 and Rs 20000, respectively. After
5 months B left the business and C joined (c) Rs 13460
the business with a sum of Rs 15000. The (d) Cannot be determined
profit earned at the end of year is Rs
84125. What is the share of B in profit?

105 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Percentages, Partnership and Share Practice Set-1
(Answers)

1) a 9) c
2) d 10) c
3) b 11) a
4) a 12) b
5) d 13) b
6) b 14) c
7) a 15) c
8) b

106 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Percentages, Partnership and Share Practice Set-2
(Answers)

1) c
2) d
3) c
4) d
5) b
6) a
7) c

107 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Chapter: Profit & Loss
Profit and Loss is an extension of the chapter of percentages. It is a very important branch of
basic Mathematics. This branch deals with the study of Profit and loss made in any commercial
transaction. The entire economy and the concept of capitalism is based on the so called “Profit
Motive”.

Some basic terms used in Profit and loss are:

Cost price – The price, at which an article is purchased, is called Cost price and it is abbreviated
by C.P.

Selling Price – The price, at which an article is sold, is called its selling price and it is abbreviated
by S.P.

Profit – If S.P. > C.P., then seller is said to have a profit.

Loss – If SP < CP, Then seller is said to have incurred a loss.

Formulae –

 Profit or Gain = S.P. – C.P.

 Loss = C.P. – S.P.

 Gain % =

 Loss % =

 S.P. = × C.P.

 S.P. = × C.P.

 C.P = × S.P.

108 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

  C.P = × S.P.

Example: 100 apples are bought at the rate of Rs. 500 and sold at the rate of Rs. 84 per
dozen. What will be the percentage of profit and loss?

Solution: We will solve this in steps

Step I: Given that C.P. of 100 apples = 500

Then, C.P. of 1 apple =

=5

Step II: Also given that per dozen S.P. of apples = 84

Then, S.P. of 1 apple =

=7
Step III: Now, we know that

Gain % =

=
= 40%
Therefore, there is a profit of 40% in the whole selling process.

 If a person sells two similar items, one at a gain of A%, and the other at a loss of A%,
then the seller always incurs a loss. This loss can be calculated by:

Loss % =

109 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Example : A man sold two plots for Rs. 15, 00,000 each. On one he gains 25% while on the
other he loses 25%. How much does he gain or loss in the whole transaction.

Solution: In such a case there is always a loss

 Loss % = = =6.25%.

 If an article sold at two different selling price

. On one is made and on the other is made then:

Profit calculation on the basis of equating the Amount Spent and the Amount Earned:

If the person is going through the transaction has got back all the money that he has spent, but
has ended up with some amount of goods left over after the transaction.

% Profit = 100

Example: A fruit vendor recovers the cost of 15 oranges by selling 10 oranges. Find his
percentage profit.

Solution: Here the money spent is equal to the money earned the percentage profit is given by

% Profit = 100 = 5 100/10 =50%.

Discount:

 Discount is the reduction offered amount on the market price.

Therefore,

SP = MP

Where,

MP = Market Price of the product

110 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude
 d = discount in percentage on the market price

 Equivalent Single discount for successive discounts a% and b% = (a+b - )%

Example: What are the successive discounts of 10 %, 12 % and 15% amount to a single
discount?

Solution: Suppose the marked price = Rs. 100

The, S.P. = 85% of 88% of 90% of Rs. 100 = Rs. 67.32.

Therefore, the single discount = (100 – 67.32) % = 32.68 %.

111 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Solved Examples (Profit & Loss)

1. An article was purchased for Rs. 78,350/-. Its price was marked up by 30%. It was sold at a
discount of 20% on the marked up price. What was the profit percent on the cost price? (IBPS
CWE PO MT 2012)
(1) 4
(2) 7
(3) 5
(4) 3
(5) 6

Solution: Cost price = Rs. 78350

Marked price = 78350 = Rs. 101855

Selling price = 101855 = Rs. 81484

Profit = 81484 -78350 = 3134

Reqd % profit = 100 = 4%

Ans: (1)

2. The cost of 8 kg of almonds is equal to the cost of 50 kg of apples. The cost of 19 kg of

mangoes is Rs. 456. The cost of 1 kg of apples is twice the cost of 2 kg of mangoes. What is
the total cost of 3 kg of almonds and 4 kg of apples together?
(1) Rs. 2,168
(2) Rs. 2,248
(3) Rs. 2,184
(4) Rs. 2,264
(5) None of these

Solution: Cost of 1 kg of mangoes

Cost of 1 kg of apples = 2 ⤬ 48 = Rs. 96

Cost of 1 kg of almonds

112 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Cost of 3 kg of almonds and 4 kg of apples

= 3 ⤬ 600 + 4 ⤬ 96 = Rs. 2184

Ans: (3)

3. Meena purchases 1500 ml of milk every day. If the cost of one liter of milk is Rs. 44, how
much amount will she pay in 20 days? (Corporation Bank PO 2011)

(1) Rs. 1,340

(2) Rs. 1,320
(3) Rs. 1,280
(4) Rs. 1,260
(5) None of these

Solution: Amount paid in 20 days = 1.5 ⤬ 20 ⤬ 44= Rs. 1320

Ans: (2)

4. Kamya purchased an item of Rs. 46,000 and sold it at loss of 12 per cent. With that amount
she purchased another item and sold it at a gain of 12 per cent. What was her overall
gain/loss? (Allahabad Bank Probationary Officers Exam 2011)

(1) Loss of Rs 662.40

(2) Profit of Rs 662.40
(3) Loss of Rs 642.80
(4) Profit Rs 642.80
(5) None of these

Solution: First S.P. = = Rs 40480

Second S.P = = Rs 45337.6

Loss = Rs (46000-45337.6) = RS 662.4

Ans: (1)

5. A grain dealer cheats to the extent of 10% while buying as well as selling by using false
weights. His total profit percentage is

(1) 21%
(2) 23%

113 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

(3) 25%
(4) 20%

Ans: (1)

Solution: Here, x = 10%, y = 10%

Total profit percentage

= = 21%

6. When the price of sugar decreases by 10%, a man could buy 1 kg more for Rs 270. Then, the
original price of sugar per kg is

(1) Rs 25
(2) Rs 30
(3) Rs 27
(4) Rs 32

Ans: (2)

Solution: Let original CP of sugar = Rs x per kg

New CP of sugar = X x = Rs

According to the give condition,

- =1

 =1

 =1

x= = Rs 30 per kg

114 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

7. For a certain article, if discount is 25% then profit is 25%. If the discount is 10% then the
profit is

(1) 50%
(2) 40%
(3) 30%

(4) %

Ans: (1)

Solution: Suppose cost price of the article = Rs x

Then, X × = Rs 510

x = = Rs

If discount is 10% then profit

= × = 150

Profit price of the gift item 50%

115 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

8. A man bought orange at the rate of 8 for Rs 34 and sold them at the rate of 12 for Rs 57.
How many orange should be sold to earn a net profit of RS 45?

(1) 90
(2) 100
(3) 135
(4) 150

Ans: (1)

Solution: Cost price of one orange =

and selling price of one orange =

Profit of one orange = -

= = =

On selling one orange, we get Rs

On getting profit of Rs 45, we well

= 45 × 2 = 90 orange

116 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Practice Set (Profit & Loss)

1. A man makes a profit of 20% on the sale (b) 11%

by selling 20 articles for Rs 1, the number
of articles he bought by Rs 1 is (c) 15%

(a) 20 (d) 25%

(b) 24 5. Krishna purchased a number of articles

at Rs 10 for each and the same number for
(c) 25 Rs 14 each. He mixed them together and
sold them for Rs 13 each. Then, his gain or
(d) 30 loss per cent is
2. A man buys one table and one chair for
Rs 500. He sells the table at a loss of 10% (a) loss 8 %
and the chair at a gain of 10%. He still gains
Rs 10 on the whole. The cost price of the
chair is (b) gain 8 %

(a) Rs 300
(c) loss 8 %
(b) Rs 350

(c) Rs 200 (d) gain 8 %

(d) Rs 250
6. A shopkeeper makes a profit of 20%
3. What single discount is equivalent to even after giving a discount of 10% on the
two successive discounts of 20% and 15%? marked price of an article. If marked price
is Rs 500, then the cost price of the article
(a) 35% is
(b) 32% (a) Rs 350
(c) 34% (b) Rs 375
(d) 30% (c) Rs 425
4. If the selling price of 10 articles is equal (d) Rs 475
to the cost price of 11 articles, then the
gain per cent is

(a) 10%

117 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

7. A fruit seller bought 240 bananas at the equals the cost price of the article. The
cost price of the article is
rate of Rs 48 per dozen. He sells of them
(a) Rs 90
at the rate of Rs 5 per banana. th of the (b) Rs 8O
remaining are 6 found to be rotten. The
price per banana at which he has to sell (c) Rs 75
the remaining bananas to get a profit of
(d) Rs 60
25% on his entire investment is
11. When the price of cloth was reduced by
(a) Rs 5.5
25%, the quantity of cloth sold increased
(b) Rs 6.0 by 20%. What was the effect on gross
receipt of the shop?
(c) Rs 5.0
(a) 5% increase
(d) Rs 6.5
(b) 5% decrease
8. The difference between the selling price
and cost price of an article is Rs 210. If the (c) 10% increase
profit per cent is 25, then the selling price
(d) 10% decrease
of the article is
12. If an article is sold at 200% profit, then
(a) Rs 950
the ratio of its cost price to its selling price
(b) Rs 1050 will be

(c) Rs 1150 (a) 1:2

(d) Rs 1250 (b) 2:1

9. A shopkeeper allows 23% commission (c) 1:3

on his advertised price and still makes a
(d) 3:1
profit of 10%. If he gains Rs 56 on one
item, his advertised price of the item, is

(a) Rs 820

(b) Rs 780

(c) Rs 790

(d) Rs 8OO

10. By selling an article for Rs 144, a person

gained such that the percentage gain

118 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

13. If an electricity bill is paid before due (b) Rs 14
date one gets a reduction of 4% on the
amount of the bill. By paying the bill (c) Rs 16
before due date a person got a reduction (d) Rs 18
of Rs 13. The amount of his electricity bill
was 17. A man buys a certain number of
oranges at 20 for Rs 60 and an equal
(a) Rs 125 number at 30 for Rs 60. He mixes them and
(b) Rs 225 sells them at 25 for Rs 60. What is gain or
loss per cent
(c) Rs 325
(a) Gain of 4%
(d) Rs 425
(b) Loss of 4%
14. A shopkeeper marks an article at (. 60
and sells it at a discount of 15%. He also (c) Neither gain nor loss
gives a gift worth Rs 3. If he still makes (d) Loss of 5%
20% profit, the cost price, (in Rs) is
18. The marked price of a shirt and
(a) 22 trousers are in the ratio 1:2. The
(b) 32 shopkeeper gives 40% discount on the
shirt. If the total discount on the set of the
(c) 40 shirt and trousers is 30%, the discount
offered on the trousers is
(d) 42
(a) 15%
15. A shopkeeper earns a profit of 12% on
selling a book at 10% discount on the (b) 20%
printed price. The ratio of the cost price
and the printed price of the book is (c) 25%

(a) 45:56 (d) 30%

(b) 45:51

(c) 47: 56

(d) 47: 51

16. A reduction of 10% in the price of sugar

enables a housewife to buy 6.2 kg more for
Rs 1116. The reduced price per kg is

(a) Rs 12

119 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

19. The percentage of loss when an article is sold at Rs 50 is the same as that of the profit
when it is sold at Rs 70. The above mentioned percentage of profit or loss on the article is

(a) 10%

(b) 16 %

(c) 20%

(d) 22 %

20. I purchased 120 exercise books at the rate of Rs 3 each and sold of them at the rate of Rs

4 each, of them at the rate of Rs 5 each and the rest at the cost price. My profit per cent was

(a) 44 %

(b) 44 %

(c) 44 %

(d) 45%

120 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Profit & Loss Practice Set (Answers)

1) b 11) d
2) a 12) c
3) b 13) c
4) a 14) c
5) d
15) a
6) b
16) d
7) b
17) b
8) b
18) c
9) d
19) b
10) b
20) b

121 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Chapter: Simple Interest & Compound Interest
Definition:

If a person X borrows some money from another person Y for a certain period, then after that
specified period, X (borrower) has to return the borrowed money with some additional money.
This additional money that X (borrower) has to pay is called Interest. The actual borrowed
money is called Principal or Sum. The Principle and interest together is called amount, and the
time for which X the borrower has been used the borrowed money is called the time. The
interest that X has to pay for every 100 rupees each year is called rate percent per annum.

If the interest on a sum borrowed for a certain period is reckoned uniformly, then it is called
Simple Interest and it is denoted by S.I.

FORMULAE:

Let Principle = P, Rate =R% per annum, and Time = T years. Then

S.I. = (

Or

P= )

or

R= )

or

T=

Now,

Simple Interest + Principle = Amount

If we denote the amount by ’A’, then

122 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Simple Interest = A – P

S.I. = A – P =

A=P (1+ ) = SI (1+ )

Two different cases can be compared by using the following formula

Example: What will be the simple interest on Rs. 78,000 at 10% per annum for 9 years?

Solution: Here, given that

Principal (P) =78,000

Rate (R) = 10%

Time (T) = 9 years

Now, we know that

S.I. = (

S.I. = (

S.I. = Rs. 70,200

Therefore, the simple interest on Rs. 78,000 at 10% per annum for 9 years will be Rs. 70, 200.

123 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Compound Interest

When the borrower X and the lender Y agrees to fix up a certain time for example yearly, half
yearly or quarterly to settle the previous money, then the difference between the amount and
the money borrowed is said to be the Compound Interest and it denoted by C.I. In these
calculations, principal for the second unit of time is the amount of first unit of time and so on.

Some important facts and formulae

Let Principal = P, Time = n years

(i) If interest is compounded annually, then

Amount = P

(ii) If interest is compounded half- yearly, then

Amount = P

(iii) If interest is compounded Quarterly, then

Amount = P

(iv) If time is in fractions and the interest is compounded yearly, say 2 then

Amount = P (1+ )

Example: What will be the Compound Interest on Rs. 5000 at 5% per annum for 3 years,
compounded annually?

Solution: Amount = Rs. [5,000 × ] = Rs. [5,000 × ] = Rs. [5,000 × ]

= Rs.5788.125

 Compound Interest = Rs. (5788.125 – 5000) = Rs.788.125.

124 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Example: What is the compound interest on Rs. 12000 in 4 years at 20 % per annum, the
interest being compounded half yearly.

Solution: Given that,

Principal = Rs. 12000, Rate = 20% per annum, Time = 4 years

Now, Amount = Rs.[ 12000 = Rs. (120 × 11× 11) = Rs. 14520

 Compound Interest = Rs.( 14520 – 12000) = Rs. 2520.

125 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Solved Examples (Simple Interest & Compound Interest)

1. What is the difference between the simple and compound interest on Rs. 7,300/- at the
rate of 6 p.c.p.a. in 2 years? (IBPS CWE PO MT 2012)

(1) Rs. 29.37

(2) Rs. 26.28
(3) Rs. 31.41
(4) Rs. 23.22
(5) Rs. 21.34

Solution: SI = = = 876

CI = 7300 [(1 )2= -1] = 7300 [( )2 - 1]

7300 [( )] = 7300 ) = 902.28

Difference = 902.28 – 876 = 26.28

Quick Method:

CI = - (6 + 6)

= 12.36 -12 = 0.36%

= 0.36 per cent of 7300 = 26.28

Ans: (2)

2. The simple interest accrued on an amount of Rs. 22,500 at the end of four years is Rs.
10,800. What would be the compound interest accrued on the same amount at the same rate
of interest at the end of two years?

(1) 16,908
(2) 5,724
(3) 28,224
(4) 8,586
(5) None of these
126 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude
Solution: r = = 12%

2
CI= 22500 – 22500

= 22500 - 22500 = 28224 – 22500 = 5724

Ans: (2)

3. The simple interest accrued on a sum of a certain principal is Rs. 35,6727 in seven years at
the rate of 8 pcpa. What would be the compound interest accrued on that principal at the
rate of 2 pcpa in 2 years?

(A) Rs. 2573.48

(B) Rs. 2564.86
(C) Rs. 2753.86
(D) Rs. 2654.48
(E) None of these

Solution. Principal

CI

Quicker Method:

Ans: (1)

127 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

4. What will be the simple interest on Rs. 78,000 at 10% per annum for 9 years?

Solution: Here, given that

Principal (P) =78,000

Rate (R) = 10%

Time (T) = 9 years

Now, we know that

S.I. = (

S.I. = (

S.I. = Rs. 70,200

Therefore, the simple interest on Rs. 78,000 at 10% per annum for 9 years will be Rs. 70, 200

5. What will be the simple interest earned on an amount of Rs. 18,000 in 6 months at the rate
of 25% p.a.?
(a) Rs.2250.50
(b) Rs.2350.50
(c) Rs.2, 250
(d) Rs 2,400

Solution : P= 18,000, R = 25%, T = 6/12 year

S.I. = = = Rs.2, 250.

6. What will be the simple interest on Rs. 2,400 at 4 % per annum for the period from 1st
Feb, 2005 to 15th April, 2005?
(a) Rs. 20
(b) Rs.20.5
(c) Rs. 22
(d) Rs.25

Solution: Principal (P) = Rs. 2,400, Rate (R) = , Time (T) = (27+31+15) days =73 days = year

= year

128 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Now, S.I. = ( S.I. = (2,400 S.I. = 20.

Therefore, the simple interest on Rs. 2,400 at 4 % per annum for the period from 1 st Feb,
2005 to 15th April, 2005 will be Rs. 20.

NOTE: The day on which money is withdrawn is counted while the day on which money is
deposited is not counted.

7. A sum of Rs. 600 amounts to Rs. 900 in 5 years at simple interest. What would be the
amount if the interest rate is increased by 5%?
(a) Rs.1, 000
(b) Rs 1,230
(c) Rs.1, 050
(d) Rs.1, 125

Solution : According to the given situation a sum of Rs. 600 amounts to Rs. 950 in 5 years, then

S.I. = Rs. 900 – Rs.600 = Rs.300

P = Rs. 600, T = 5 Years

Therefore,

R=

R= % = 10%

If the interest rate is increased by 10 %, then

New Rate = (10+5) % =15%, New S.I. =Rs. = Rs.450

Then, New Amount = Rs.600 + Rs.450 = Rs.1050

8. What will be the compound interest on a sum of Rs 8000 at the rate of 15% per annum
after 2 years?
(a) Rs.2400
(b) Rs.2450
(c) Rs.2580
(d) Rs.2650
129 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude
Solution : Amount = Rs. [8000 ]

Rs. [8000 = Rs. 10,580

C.I. = Rs. [10580 8000] = Rs. 2,580

9. What is the difference between the compound interests on Rs. 10000 for 2 years at 4%pe
annum yearly and half yearly?
(a) Rs.8
(b) Rs.8.49
(c) Rs.7
(d) Rs. 10

Solution: C.I. , When interest is compounded yearly

Amount =

Amount = = Rs.11,032.32

∴ C.I. = 11032.32 10000 = 1032.32

C.I. When interest is compounded half yearly

Amount = Rs [10000 ] = Rs. 11040.80803

∴ C.I. = 11040.80803 10000 = 1040.808032

Diff = 8.488032  Rs. 8.9

130 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

10. A sum of money tripled itself at compound interest in 10 years. In how many years will it
become 27 times.

(a) 35 years
(b) 31 years
(c) 30 years
(d) 32 years

Solution : P = 3P

=3
Suppose after n years it will become 27 times
Then,

P = 27 p =

= n = 30.

131 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Practice Set (Simple Interest & Compound Interest)

1. A sum of money placed at

compound interest doubles itself in d)
4 yr. In how many years will it
amount to four times itself? 4. Ratio of the principal and the
amount after 1 yr is 10 : 12. Then,
a) 12 yr the rate of interest per annum is

b) 13 yr a) 12%

c) 8 yr b) 16%
d) 16 yr c) 18%

2. The difference between the d) 20%

compound interest and simple
interest on Rs. 10000 for 2 yr is Rs. 5. At some rate of simple interest, A
25. The rate of interest per annum lent Rs. 6000 to B for 2 yr and Rs.
is 1500 to C for 4 yr and received Rs.
900 as interest from both of them
a) 5% together. The rate of interest per
annum was
b) 7%
a) 5%
c) 10%
b) 6%
d) 12%
c) 8%
3. The simple interest on a sum of
d) 10%
money is of the principal and
the number of years is equal to the 6. What annual payment will
rate per cent per annum. The rate discharge a debt of Rs. 6450 due in
per cent per annum is equal to 4 yr at 5% per annum simple
interest?
a) 3%
a) Rs. 1400

b) b) Rs. 1500

c) Rs. 1550
c)
d) Rs. 1600
132 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude
7. In how many years will a sum of
a)
money double itself at simple
interest per annum? b)
a) 24 yr
c)
b) 20 yr

c) 16 yr d)
d) 12 yr 11. In what time Rs. 8000 will amount
to Rs. 9261 at 10% per annum
8. In how many years will a sum on
compound interest, when the
Rs. 800 at 10% per annum
interest is compounded half-yearly?
compound interest, compounded
semi-annually becomes Rs. 926.10?
a)
a)
b)
b)
c)
c)
d)
d) 12. Simple interest on Rs. 500 for 4 yr
at 6.25% per annum is equal to the
9. A certain sum amount to Rs. 5832 simple interest on Rs. 400 at 5% per
in 2 yr at 8% per annum compound annum for a certain period of time.
interest, then the sum is The period of time is
a) Rs. 5000 a) 4 yr
b) Rs. 5200 b) 5 yr
c) Rs. 5280
c)
d) Rs. 5400

10. In what time will Rs. 10000 amount d)

to Rs. 13310 at 20% per annum
compounded half-yearly?

133 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

13. If the difference between the d) Rs. 1950
compound and simple interests on
a certain sum of money for 3 yr at 17. At what rate per cent per annum
5% per annum is Rs. 15.25, then the will the simple interest on a sum of
sum is
money be of the amount in 10 yr?
a) Rs. 2000
a) 4%
b) Rs. 1000
b) 6%
c) Rs. 1500

d) Rs. 2500 c)

14. If the simple interest for 6 yr be

equal to 30% of the principal, it will d)
be equal to the principal after
18. The difference between the simple
a) 20 yr and compound interest on a certain
sum of money for 2 yr at 4% per
b) 30 yr
annum is Rs. 4. The sum is
c) 10 yr
a) Rs. 2500
d) 22 yr
b) Rs. 2400
15. The effective annual rate of
c) Rs. 2600
interest, corresponding to a
nominal rate of 6% per annum d) Rs. 2000
payable half-yearly is
19. The compound interest on a certain
a) 6.06% sum of money at a certain rate for 2
yr is Rs. 40.80 and the simple
b) 6.07%
interest on the same sum is Rs. 40
c) 6.08% at the same rate and for the same
time. The rate of interest per
d) 6.09% annum is
16. What annual instalment will a) 2%
discharge a debt of Rs. 6450 due in 4
yr at 5% simple interest? b) 3%

a) Rs. 1500 c) 4%

b) Rs. 1835 d) 5%

c) Rs. 1935
134 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude
20. A sum of money becomes eight times of itself in 3 yr at compound interest. The rate of
interest per annum is

a) 100%

b) 80%

c) 20%

d) 10%

135 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Simple Interest & Compound Interest Practice Set
(Answers)

1) c 11) b
2) a 12) c
3) d 13) a
4) d 14) a
5) a 15) d
6) b 16) a
7) c 17) d
8) a 18) a
9) a 19) c
10) a 20) a

136 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Chapter: Time and Work
Introduction: -

Pipes and cisterns problems are similar to time and work problem, the only difference is that
pipes and cisterns problems have outlets and inlets .

1. Inlet is a pipe connected with a tank which fills it

2. Outlet is a pipe connected with a tank to empty it.

Mathematical use :-

1. If pipe can fill (or empty) a tank in x hours, then the part filled (or emptied) in 1 hour =
.
2. If a pipe P fills a tank in x hours and another pipe Q empties the full tank in y hours and if

both the pipes are opened then the net part filled in 1 hour = ( ).

Example 1: How much time will it take to fill the tank if a pipe A fill it in 30 hours and another
pipe B empties it in 40 hours?

Sol 1: Net part filled in 1 hour =

Hence the time taken to fill the tank = 12 hours.

Direct method:-

The time taken to fill the tank = .

3. If two pipes fills the tank in x and y hours respectively then the net part filled in 1 hours ,

when both the pipes are opened = ( ).

137 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Example 2: How much time will it take to fill the tank if two pipes A and B fill it in 20 hours and
30 hours respectively and both the pipes are opened?

Sol 2: Net part filled by both pipes A and B together in 1 hour =

Hence the time taken to fill the tank = 12 hours.

Direct method:-

The time taken to fill the tank = .

4. If two pipes fills the tank in x and y hours respectively and a third pipe emptied the full
tank in z hours , then the net part filled in 1 hours , when all the pipes are opened =

( ).

Example3: How much time will it take to fill the tank if two pipes A and B fill it in 10 hours and
20 hours respectively and a third pipe C empties it in 40 hours?

Sol 3: Net part filled in 1 hour =

Hence the time taken to fill the tank = 8 hours.

Direct method:-

The time taken to fill the tank =

5. If a pipe fills the tank in x hours but due to leakage in bottom it is filled in y hours , then

the time taken by leak to empty the tank if the tank is full = .

138 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Example 4: How much time will the leak take to empty the tank if a pipe A fill it in 10 hours but
due to leak in the bottom it is filled in 15 hours ?

Sol 4: Tank empty due to leak in 1 hour = (

Hence the leak will empty the full tank in 30 hours

Direct method:-

The required time =

139 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Solved Examples (Time and Work)

1. A and B together can complete a task in 20 days. Band together can complete the same
task in 30 days. A and C together can complete the same task in 40 days. What is the
respective ratio of the number of days taken by A when completing the same task alone to
the number of days taken by C when completing the same task alone? (IBPS CWE PO MT
2012)

(1) 2: 5
(2) 2: 7
(3) 3: 7
(4) 1: 5
(5) 3: 5

Solution: A and B can finish the work in 20 days.

A and B’s one day’s work =
B and C and finish the work in 30 days.
B and C’s one day’s work =
A and C can finish the work in 40 days
A and C’s one day's work =
Adding we get 2(A + B + C)’s one day’s work

= + + = =

(A + B + C)’s one day’s work

(A + B + C)’s one day’s work

= =

A’s one day’s work = -

= = =

A alone can finish the work in 48 days.

140 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

C’s one day work = - = =

C alone can finish the work in 240 days.

Reqd ratio = =1:5

Ans: (4)

2. Seven girls can do a piece of work in 13 days, six boys can do the same piece of work in 12
days, nine men can do the same piece of work in nine days and six women can do the same
piece of work in 14 days. Who are the most efficient? (Corporation Bank PO 2011)

(1) Boys
(2) Girls
(3) Women
(4) Men
(5) Both men and women

Solution: One girl can complete the work in 7 ⤬ 13 = 91 days.

One boy can complete the work in 6 ⤬ 12 = 72 days.

One man can complete the work in 9 ⤬ 9 = 81 days.

One woman can complete the work in 6 ⤬ 14 = 84 days.

Hence, boys are the most efficient.

Ans: (1)

3. A and B together can complete a work in 12 days. A alone can complete in 20 days. If B
does the work only half a day daily, then in how many days A and B together will complete
the work.

(1) 10 days
(2) 20 days
(3) 11 days
(4) 15 days

Ans: (4)

Solution: (A + B)’s 1 days work =

141 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 A’s 1 day work =

B’s 1 day work = -

= =

B does the work only half day.

B’s 1 days work = × =

Now, A+B)’s day work = +

= = =

Hence, A and B together will complete the work in 15 days.

4. A can do a piece of work in 70 days and B is 40% more efficient than A. The number of days
taken by B to do same work is

(1) 3

(2)

(3) 5

(4)

Ans: (3)

Solution: A can do a piece of work in 70 days while B us 40% more efficient than A.

B do the same work in

142 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 = 70 ×

= 70 × = 50 days

5. A and B working separately can do a piece of work in 9 and 12 days, respectively. If they
work for a day alternately with A beginning, the work would be completed in

(1) 28 days
(2) 14 days

(3) 5 days

(4) days

Ans: (3)

Solution: One day work of A =

One day work of B =

Two days work of (A+B) = + =

10 days = 5 × 2 days work of (A + B) = ×5 =

Remaining work = 1- =

Now, A‘s turn.

A, will complete the work in × 9 = day

Hence, the total time = 10 + = day

143 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

6. A and B can do a work in 72 days. B and C can do it in 120 days. The number of days needed
for A to the work alone is

(1) 20
(2) 22
(3) 33
(4) 44

Ans: (3)

Solution: Work done by (A+B) in 1 day =

Work done by (B+C) in 1 day =

Work done by (C+A) in 1 day =

 Work done by 2 (A+B+C) in 1 day =

Work done by (A+B+C) in 1 day

= × =

A’s 1 day work = -

Hence, A do the work alone in 120 days.

7. A, B and C individually can do a work in 10 days, 12 days and 15 days, respectively. If they
start working together, then the number of days required to finish the work is

(1) 16 days
(2) 8 days
(3) 4 days
(4) 2 days

144 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Ans: (3)

Solution: Given, x = 10, y = 12 and z = 15

Required number of days

= 4 days

8. A cistern has two pipes. One can fill it with water in 8 h and other can empty it in 5 h. In

how many hours will the cistern be emptied, if both the pipes are opened together when of
the cistern is already full of water?

(1) h
(2) 10 h
(3) 6 h

(4) h

Ans: (b)

Solution: Part of cistern emptied in 1 h

= - = =

part is emptied in 1 h.

part is emptied in × = 10h

145 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Practice Set (Time and Work)

1. Two men A and B are started a job in (c) 4 days

which A was thrice as good as B and
therefore took 60 days less than B to finish (d) 8 days
the job. How many days will they take to 4. A and B can complete a piece of work in
finish the job, if they start working 8 days, B and C can do it in 12 days, C and
together? A can do it in 8 days. A, Band C together
(a) 15 days can complete it in

(b) 20 days (a) 4 days

(b) 5 days
(c) 22 days
(c) 6 days
(d) 25 days (d) 7 days
2. A and B can separately do a piece of 5. X is 3 times as fast as Yand is able to
work in 20 and 15 days, respectively. They complete the work in 40 days less than Y.
worked together for 6 days, after which B Then, the time in which they can complete
was replaced by C. The work as finished in the work together is
next 4 days. The number of days in which C
alone could do the work is (a) 15 days

(a) 30 days (b) 10 days

(b) 45 days
(c) 7 days
(c) 40 days
(d) 5 days
(d) 35 days
6. A and B can do a job alone in 12 days
3. A can do a work in 12 days. When he and 15 days, respectively. A starts the
had worked for 3 days, B joined him. If work and
they complete the work in 3 more days, in after 6 days B also joins to finish the work
how many days can B alone finish the together. For how many days B actually
work? worked on the job?
(a) 6 days
(a) 3
(b) 12 days

146 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 (c) 8 min
(b) 9

(d) 8 min
(c) 5
10. Tapas works twice as fast as Mihir. If
both of them together complete a work in
(d) 6 12 days. Tapas alone can complete it in

7. Two pipes can fill a cistern separately in (a) 15 days

24 min and 40 min, respectively. A waste
pipe can drain off 30 L/min. If all the there (b) 18 days
pipes are opened, the cistern fills in one (c) 20 days
hour. The capacity of the cistern is
(d) 24 days
(a) 800 L
11. One man and one woman together can
(b) 400 L complete a piece of work in 8 days. A man
(c) 600 L alone can complete the work in 10 days. In
how many days can one woman alone
(d) 500 L complete the work?

8. A cistern is normally filled in 8 h but

takes another 2 h longer to fill because of a (a)
leak in its bottom. If the cistern is full, the
leak will empty it in (b) 30

(a) 16 h (c) 40

(b) 20 h (d) 42

(c) 25 h 12. A and B together can do a work in 10

days. Band C together can do the same
(d) 40 h work in 6 days. A and C together can do
the work in 12 days. Then, A, Band C
9. Two pipes, P and Q can fill a cistern in 12 together can do the work in
and 15 min, respectively. Both are opened
together but at the end of 3 min, P is (a) 28 days
turned off. In how many more minutes will
Q fill the cistern? (b) 14 days

(a) 7min
(c) 5 days

(b) 7 min
(d) 8 days
147 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude
13. A is thrice as good a workman as Band
therefore is able to finish a job in 40 days 16. A can complete of a work in 5 days
less than B. Working together, they can do
it in and B, of the work in 10 days. In how
many days both A and B together can
(a) 14 days
complete the work?
(b) 13 days
(a) 10
(c) 20 days

(d) 15 days (b) 9

14. 45 men can complete a work in 16

days. Four days after they started working, (c) 8
36 more men joined them. How many days
will they now take to complete the (d) 7
remaining work?

(a) 6 days 17. A boy and girl together fill a cistern

with water. The boy pours 4 L of water
(b) 8 days every 3 min and the girl pours 3 L every 4
min. How much time will it take to fill 100
L of water in the cistern?
(c) 6 day
(a) 36 min
(d) 7 days (b) 42 min

15. A can do a work in 5 days less than the (c) 48 min

time taken by B to do it. If both of them
(d) 44 min
together take 11 days, then the time
taken by B alone 9 to do the same work (in 18. If 28 men complete of a piece of work
days) is in a week, then the number of men, who
must be engaged to get the remaining
(a) 15
work completed in another week, is
(c) 25
(a) 5
(b) 20
(b) 6
(d) 30
(c) 4

(d) 3

148 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

19. While working 7 h a day, A alone can 22. A pipe can empty a tank in 40 min. A
complete a piece of work in 6 days and B second pipe with diameter twice much as
alone in 8 days. In what time would they that of the first is also attached with the
complete it together, working 8 h a day? tank to empty it. The two pipes together
can empty the tank in
(a) 3 days
(a) 8 min
(b) 4 days

(c) 2.5 days (b) 13 min

(d) 3.6 days (c) 30 min
20. A and B can complete a piece of work (d) 38 min
in 12 and 18 days, respectively. A begins to
do 23. A and B can do a work in 45 days and
the work and they work alternatively one 40 days, respectively. They began the work
at a time for one day each. The whole together but A left after sometime and B
work will be completed in completed the remaining work in 23 days.
After how many days of the start of the
work did A leave?
(a) 14 days
(a) 10 days
(b) 15 days (b) 9 days

(c) 8 days
(c) 16 days
(d) 5 days

(d) 18 days 24. A and B working separately can do a

piece of work in 10 days and 15 days,
21. A man and a boy received Rs 800 as respectively. If they work on alternate days
wages for 5 days for the work they did beginning with A, in how many days will
together. The man's efficiency in the work the work be completed?
was three times that of the boy. What are
(a) 18 days
the daily wages of the boy?
(b) 13 days
(a) Rs 76
(c) 12 days
(b) Rs 56
(d) 6 days
(c) Rs 44

(d) Rs 40

149 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

25. Two pipes can fill a tank separately in 20 min and 30 min, respectively. If both the pipes
are opened simultaneously, then the tank will be filled in

(a) 10 min

(b) 12 min

(c) 15 min

(d) 25 min

150 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Averages Practice Set (Time and Work)

1) c 14) c
2) c 15) c
3) a 16) b
4) c 17) c
5) a 18) c
6) a 19) a
7) c 20) a
8) d 21) d
9) d 22) b
10) b 23) b
11) c 24) c
12) c 25) b
13) d

151 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Chapter: Speed Distance & Time
Speed, Distance and time is one of the most important chapter for the purpose of the maths
section in aptitude exams. Time and Distance Formulae relates Time, Distance and Speed.
These relationships have many practical applications. The basic concepts of Speed, Distance and
time are used in solving questions based on relative motion, circular motion, problem based on
trains, problem based on boats, races, etc.

The questions asked in IBPS Bank PO is very diverse in nature, therefore this chapter is very
important for Bank PO aspirants. For example if you know the speed of any vehicle and the
distance covered by that vehicle, then we can easily calculate the time taken in whole journey
by using the formula of Time and Distance.

Important Formulae

(i) Speed = ,Distance= Speed Time, Time=

(ii) S km/hr =(s )m/sec

(iii) S m/sec =(s )km/hr

Points to remember:

1. Read the units of time speed and distance carefully.

2. If the distance is given in km and the speed is in m/s then always convert the units. According
to the demand of the question you can change the kilometer in to meter or m/s in to km /hr.

Example1. A Chennai Express travelling at of its actual speed and covers 42 km in 1 hr 40

min 48 sec, find the actual speed of the Chennai Express.

Solution: Suppose the actual speed of Chennai Express = S km/hr

Then new speed = S

Time taken by Chennai Express with new speed

= 1 hr 40 min 48 sec

152 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

= 1hr+40 hr+48 [Because 1hr = 60 minutes,

1 minute = 60 Second,

& 1 minute = hr,

1 Second = minute

= 1hr + hr + hr

= hrs

Now, according to the formula

New Speed × Time taken by Chennai Express with new speed =

Distance covered by Chennai Express

 S× = 42

 S=

 S =55km/hr

Hence, the actual speed of the Chennai Express is 55 km/hr

TRAINS, BOATS AND STREAMS

IMPORTANT POINTS ON TRAINS:

1.) Time taken by a train x metres long to pass a single post or a pole or a standing man =
Time taken by the train to cover x metres.
2.) Time taken by a train x metres long to pass a stationary object of length y metres = Time
taken by the train to cover (x+y) meters.
3.) Suppose two trains or two bodies are moving in the same direction at u kmph and v
kmph such that u > v, then their relative speed = (u-v) kmph.

153 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 4.) If 2 trains of lengths x km and y km are moving in the same direction at u kmph and v

kmph , where u > v, then time taken by faster train to cross the slower train = hrs.
5.) Suppose two trains or two bodies are moving in opposite directions at u kmph and v
kmph . Then their relative speed = (u+v) kmph
6.) If two trains of lengths x km and y km are moving in opposite directions at u kmph and v

kmph , then time taken by the trains to cross each other = hrs.
7.) If two trains start at the same time from two points A and B towards each other and
after crossing they take a and b hours in reaching B and A respectively.
Then, A’s speed: B’s speed = (√b: √a).

8.) x kmph = m/sec

9.) y metre/sec = km/hr

EXAMPLES

Example 1: Find the time taken by a train 180 m long, running at 72 kmph, in crossing an
electric pole.

Solution: speed of the train = (72 × 5/18) m/sec = 20 m/sec

Distance moved in passing the pole = 180m

Required time taken = (180/20)sec = 9 sec.

Example 2: Two trains 137m and 163m in lengths are running towards each other on parallel
lines, one at the rate of 42 kmph and another at 48 kmph. In what time will they be clear of
each other from the moment they meet?

Solution: Relative speed of the trains = (42+48) kmph = 90 kmph = (90×5/18)m/sec= 25m/sec.

Time taken by the trains to pass each other = Time taken to cover (137+163)m at 25m/sec =
(300/25)sec = 12 sec.

IMPORTANT POINT ON BOATS AND STREAMS:

1.) In water, the direction along the stream is called downstream and the direction against
the stream is called upstream.
2.) If speed of a boat in still water is u km/hr and the speed of the stream is v km/hr, then
Speed downstream = (u + v) km/hr
Speed upstream = (u – v) km/hr
3.) If the speed downstream is a km/hr and the speed upstream is b km/hr, then :

154 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Speed in still water = (a + b)/2 km/hr
Rate of stream = (a – b)/2 km/hr

EXAMPLES

Example 1: A man can row upstream at 7 kmph and downstream at 10 kmph. Find man’s rate
in still water and the rate of current.

Solution: Rate in still water = (10 + 7)/2 km/hr= 8.5 km/hr

Rate of current = (10 – 7)/2 km/hr = 1.5km/hr

Example 2: A man can row 8 kmph in still water and the river is running at 2 kmph. If the man
takes 1 hour to row to a place and back, how far is the place?

Solution: Man’s rate downstream = (8+2) kmph = 10 kmph

Man’s rate upstream = (8-2) kmph = 6 kmph

155 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Solved Examples (Speed Distance & Time)

1. A 476-metre-Iong moving train crosses a pole in 14 seconds. The length of a platform is

equal to the distance covered by tile train in 20 seconds. A man crosses the same platform in
7 minutes and 5 seconds. What is the speed of the man in metre/second? (IBPS RRB Group ‘A’
Officers Exam 2012)

(1) 1.8 m/s

(2) 1.4 m/s

(3) 1.6 m/s

(4) 2 m/s

(5) 1.2 m/s

Solution: Speed of train

Length of platform = 34 ⤬ 20 = 680 metre.

(∵ 7 minute 5 second = 7 ⤬ 60 + 5 = 425 second)

Speed of man

Ans: 3

2. Train A crosses a pole in 20 seconds and Train B crosses the same pole in one minute. The
length of Train A is half the length of Train B. What is the ratio of the speed of Train A to that
of Train B? (Corporation Bank PO 2011)

(1) 3:2
(2) 3:4
(3) 4:3
(4) Cannot be determined
(5) None of these

Solution: Let the length of Train B be 2x and that of Train A be x.

Speed of Train A

156 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Speed of Train B

Ratio:

Ans: 1

3. A 280 metre long train moving with an average speed of 108 km/hr crosses a platform in 12
seconds. A man crosses the same platform in 10 seconds. What is the speed of the man?
(Allahabad Bank Probationary Officers Exam 2011)

(1) 5 m/s
(2) 8 m/s
(3) 12 m/s
(4) Cannot be determined
(5) None of these

Solution: Speed of the train = 108 km/hr = m/sec

If the length of the platform be x metres, then

= 30

 x + 280 = 360
 x = (360-280 =) = 80 metres

man’s speed = = 8 m/sec

Ans: 2

4. A student goes to school at the rate of 2 km/h and reaches 6 min late. If he travels at the
speed of 3 km/h, he is 10 min early. The distance (in km) between the school and his house is

(1) 5
(2) 4
(3) 3
(4) 1

Ans: (2)

157 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Solution: Let the distance between school and his house

= x km

According to the given condition.

- =

 - =

 =

 =

x = 4 km

5. The Speeds of two trains are in the ratio 6 : 7. If the second train runs 364 km in 4 h, then
the speed of first train is

(1) 60 km/h
(2) 72 km/h
(3) 78 km/h
(4) 84 km/h

Ans: (3)

Solution: Let the speeds of two rain be 6x km/h and 7x km/h, respectively.

By given condition

Speeds of second train = = 91 km/h.

7x = 91

x= = 13 km/h

Speed of first train = 13 × 6 = 78 km/h

158 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

6. If a man walks 3 km/h, he is late to his office by 20 min. If he increases his speed to 6 km/h,
he reaches the office 30 min early. The distance of his office from the starting place is

(1) 6 km
(2) 5 km
(3) 5.5 km
(4) 4 km

Ans: (2)

Solution: Let the distance of his office from the starting place is x km.

By given condition,

- = +

 =

x = = 5 km

7. In covering a distance of 30 km, Abhay takes 2 h more than Sameer. If Abhay doubles his
speed, then he would take 1 h less than Sameer. Abhay's speed (in km/h) is

(1) 5
(2) 6
(3) 6.25
(4) 7.5

Ans: (1)

Solution: Let the speeds of Abhay be x km/h and Sameer be y km/h respectively.

Then, = 2 ……………..(i)

And = 1 ……………..(i)

On adding Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get

159 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 =3

 30 = 6x

 x = 5 km/h

8. A man completed a certain journey by a car. If he covered 30% of the distance at the speed
of 20 km/h and the remaining distance at 10 km/h, his average speed for the whole journey
was

(1) 25 km/h
(2) 28 km/h
(3) 30 km/h
(4) 33 km/h

Ans: (1)

Solution: Let the total be 100 km.

Average Speed =

= =

= 25 km/h

9. Two trains started at the time one from A to B and other from B to A. If they arrived at B
and A, respectively 4 h and 9 h after they passed each other, the ratio of the speeds of the
two trains was

(1) 2:1
(2) 3:2
(3) 4:3
(4) 5:4

Ans: (2)

Solution: Required ratio of the speeds of two trains

160 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude
 = = =

10. A man takes 6 h 15 min in walking a distance and ridding to the starting place. He could
walk both ways in 7h 45 min. The time taken by him to ride both ways, is

(1) 4h
(2) 4 h 30 min
(3) 4 h 45 min
(4) 5h

Ans: (3)

Solution: Time taken in walking both ways

= 7 h 45 min ……………………(i)

Time taken in walking one way and riding back

= 6 h 15 min ……………………(ii)

On multiplying by 2 in Eq. (ii) and then subtracting

Eq . (i) from Eq. (ii), we get

Time taken by the man to ride both ways

= 12 h 30 min – 7h 45 min

= 7 h 45 min

161 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Practice Set (Speed Distance & Time)

1. A person travels 285 km in 6 h. In the 4. Two trains, 80 m and 120 m long, are
first part of the journey, he travels at 40 running at the speed of 25 km/h and 35
km/h by bus. In the second part, he travels km/h, respectively in the same direction
at 55 km/h by train. The distance travelled on parallel tracks. How many seconds will
by train is they take to pass each other?

(a) 165 km (a) 48 s

(b) 615 km (b) 64 s

(c) 561 km (c) 70 s

(d) 156 km (d) 72 s

2. With average speed of 40 km/h, a train 5. A train, 300 m long, passed a man,
reaches its destination at time. If it goes walking along the line in the same
with an average speed of 35 km/h, it is late direction at the rate of 3 km/h in 33 s. The
by 15 min. The total journey is speed of the train is

(a) 30 km (a) 30 km/h

(b) 40 km (b) 32 km/h

(c) 70 km
(c) 32 km/h
(d) 80 km

3. If a train runs at 40 km/h, it reaches its (d) 38 km/h

destination late by 11 min but, if it runs at
50 km/h, it is late by 5 min only. The
correct time (in min) for the train to 6. By walking at of his usual speed, a man
complete the journey is reaches his office 20 min later than his
usual time. The usual time taken by him to
(a) 13
reach his office is
(b) 15
(a) 75 min
(c) 19
(b) 60 min
(d) 21
(c) 40 min

162 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

(d) 30 min (b) 12 noon

7. In a 100 m race, Kamal defeats Bimal by (c) 12: 30 pm

5 s. If the speed of Kamal is 18 km/h, then
the speed of Bimal is (d) 1: 30 pm

(a) 15.4 km/h 11. A train 150 m long passes a pole in 15 s

and another train of the same length
(b) 14.5 km/h travelling in the opposite direction in 12 s.
The speed of the second train is
(c) 14.4 km/h
(a) 45 km/h
(d) 14 km/h
(b) 48 km/h
8. A train, 240 m long, crosses a man
walking along the line in opposite direction (c) 52 km/h
at the rate of 3 km/h in 10 s. The speed of
the train is (d) 54 km/h

(a) 63 km/h 12. A, B and C start together from the

same place to walk round a circular path of
(b) 75 km/h length 12 km. A walks at the rate of 4

(c) 83.4 km/h km/h, B 3 km/h and C km/h. They will

(d) 86.4 km/h meet together at the starting place at the
end of
9. A boy is late by 9 min, if he walks to
school at a speed of 4 km/h. If he walks at (a) 10 h
the rate of 5 km/h he arrives 9 min early. (b) 12 h
The distance to his school is
(c) 15 h
(a) 9 km
(d) 24 h
(b) 5km
13. A train travelling at 48 km/h crosses
(c) 4 km
another train, having half its length and
(d) 6 km travelling in opposite direction at 42 km/h
in 12 s. It also passes a railway platform in
10. Two towns A and B are 500 km apart. A 45 s. The length of the railway platform is
train starts at 8 am from A towards B at a
speed of 70 km/h. At 10 am, another train (a) 200 m
starts from B towards A at a speed of 110 (b) 300 m
km/h. When will the two trains meet?
(c) 350 m
(a) 1 pm

163 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

(d) 400 m (b) 27 km/h

14. In a race of one kilometer, A gives B a (c) 25 km/h

start of 100 m and still wins by 20 s but, if
A gives B a start of 25 s, B wins by 50 m. (d) 24 km/h
The time taken by A to run one kilo metre 17. A and B run a kilometre and A wins by
is 25 s. A and C run a kilometre and A wins by
(a) 17 s 275 m. When Band C run the same
distance, B wins by 30 s. The time taken by
A to run a kilometre is
(b) s
(a) 2 min 25 s

(c) s (b) 2 min 50 s

(c) 3 min 20 s
(d) s
(d) 3 min 30 s
15. A student walks from his house at a 18. A train passes a man standing on a
platform in 8 s and also crosses the
speed of 2 km/h and reaches his school 6 platform which is 264 m long in 20 s. The
min late. The next day he increases his length of the train is
speed by 1 km/h and reaches 6 min before
school time. How far is the school from his (a) 188 m
house?
(b) 176 m

(a) km (c) 175 m

(d) 96 m
(b) km 19. A walks at a uniform rate of 4 km/h
and 4 h after his start, B bicycles after him
at the uniform rate of 10 km/h. How far
(c) km
from the starting point will B catch A?

(a) 16.7 km
(d) km
(b) 18.6 km
16. A train passes two persons walking in
the same direction at a speed of 3 km/h (c) 21.5 km
and 5 km/h respectively, in 10 sand 11 s,
(d) 26.7 km
respectively. The speed of the train is

(a) 28 km/h

164 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

20. A constable follows a thief who is 200 m ahead of the constable. If the constable and the
thief run at speeds of 8 km/h and 7 km/h respectively, the constable would catch the thief in

(a) 10 min

(b) 12 min

(c) 15 min

(d) 20 min

165 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Speed Distance & Time Practice Set (Answers)

1) a 11) d
2) c 12) d
3) c 13) d
4) d 14) b
5) d 15) b
6) b 16) c
7) c 17) a
8) c 18) b
9) d 19) d
10) b 20) b

166 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Chapter: Mensuration
Mensuration is a branch of Mathematics which deals with lengths of lines, areas of surfaces and
volume of solids.

Mensuration may be divided into two parts:

(i) Plane mensuration which deals with the sides, perimeters and areas of plane figures
of different shapes.
(ii) Solid mensuration which deals with the areas and volumes of solid objects.

Perimeter and Area of Triangles:

1.) If a, b, c are three sides of a triangle; then

i) Perimeter = a+b+c
ii) Area = √{s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)} , where s= semi-perimeter of triangle
i.e., s= (a+b+c)/2

2.) If base and the corresponding altitude of triangle are known, then
Area of triangle = ½ ×base × height

3.) If ‘a’ is side of an equilateral triangle then

i.) Perimeter = 3a
ii.) Area = (√3/4) ×a2

Perimeter and area of rectangles, square:

b a a

1.) If ‘l’ and ‘b’ are length and breadth of rectangle,

Then
i.) Perimeter = 2(l + b)
ii.) Area = l×b
iii.) Diagonal= √(l2 + b2)

167 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 2.) If ‘a’ is side of square , then
i.) Perimeter = 4a
ii.) Area = a2
iii.) Diagonal , d = √a2 + a2 = a√2
iv.) Side = √area

Area of Trapezium

Two sides of trapezium are parallel.

If ‘a’ and ‘b’ are parallel sides and ‘h’ is distance (i.e. height) between them; then

Area of trapezium = ½ (a + b) × h

Parallelogram

Area of parallelogram = b×h

where: b = base of the parallelogram
h=height of the parallelogram

Rhombus

Rhombus has all the sides equal and diagonals of rhombus bisect each other at right angles. If
‘a’ is the side of rhombus and d1 , d2 are diagonals ; then
Perimeter of rhombus = 4a
Area of rhombus = ½ ×d1 × d2

168 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Circle

If ‘r’ is radius of circle, then diameter= 2r, circumference of circle = 2πr, area of circle = πr2

The Greek letter π (pronounced as Pie) = 22/7 = 3.14

EXAMPLES:

1) Find the area of triangle whose sides are 10cm, 24cm and 26cm.

Solution:

a= 10cm b= 24cm c=26cm

s= (a+ b+ c)/2= (10+ 24+ 26)/2 =30

area of triangle = √{s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)}

= √{30(30-10)(30-24)(30-26)}

=120cm2

2) If two sides of a triangle are 6cm and 8cm and height of the triangle corresponding to
6cm side is 4cm; find the area of triangle:

Solution: area of triangle= ½ base×height = ½ ×6×4 =12cm2

3.) Find the length and perimeter of the rectangle whose:

Area = 120cm2 and breadth= 8cm
Solution: area of rectangle =120cm2 breadth b=8cm
Area = l×b
l ×8 =120
l = 15cm
Perimeter = 2 (l + b) = 2 (15 + 8) = 2×23 = 46cm

4.) The parallel sides of a trapezium are 8.4cm and 12.3cm. If its height is 7.2 cm, find its
area.

169 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Solution: sum of parallel sides = 8.4+ 12.3 = 20.7cm
Height = 7.2cm
Area of trapezium = ½ (sum of parallel sides) ×height
= ½ × 20.7×7.2 = 74.52cm2

3-D FIGURES:

CUBOID:

lllllllll
b
l

Lateral / curved surface area = 2(l+b)×h

Total surface area = 2(lb+bh+lh)
Volume = lbh
Diagonal of cuboid= √(l2+b2+h2)
Where: l= length, b= breadth, h = height

CUBE:

l l

Lateral/curved surface area = 4l2

Total surface area = 6l2

Volume = l3

Diagonal of cube = l√3

Where: l = edge of cube

170 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

RIGHT CIRCULAR CYLINDER:

Lateral/curved surface area= 2πrh

Total surface area= 2πr(r+h)

Volume = πr2h

Where: r = radius

h = height

RIGHT CIRCULAR CONE:

Lateral/curved surface area = πrl

Total surface area = πr(l+r)

Volume = (1/3)πr2h

Where: r=radius of base

h=height

l=slant height = √(r2+h2)

171 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

SPHERE:

Lateral/curved surface area = 4πr2

Total surface area = 4πr2

Volume = (4/3)πr3 ,Where: r= radius of sphere

HEMISPHERE:

Lateral/curved surface area = 2πr2

Total surface area = 3πr2

Volume = (2/3)πr3
where: r= radius of hemisphere

SPHERICAL SHELL:

Total surface area = 4π(R2+r2)

Volume = (4/3)π(R3-r3)

Where: R= external radius

r = internal radius

172 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

EXAMPLES:

1.) Find the volume of right circular cylinder which has a height of 21cm, and the base
radius 5cm. Also find the curved surface area of the cylinder.
Solution:
Given h=21cm, r=5cm
Volume of cylinder=πr2h = (22/7) ×25×21 = 1650cm3
Curved surface area = 2πrh= 2× (22/7) ×5×21= 660cm2

2.) A rectangular sheet of paper 44cm × 18cm is rolled along its length and a cylinder is
formed. Find the volume of cylinder.(Use π=22/7)
Solution:
The sheet of paper is rolled along the length.
Then, height of the cylinder= 18cm and the circumference of base of the cylinder= 44cm
Let the radius of the base of the cylinder.
2 ×(22/7) × r=44
r = 7cm and height = 18cm
Volume of the cylinder = πr2h = (22/7)×7×7×18 = 2772cm3

3.) A beam 9m long, 40cm wide and 20cm deep is made up of iron which weighs 50kg per
cubic meters. Find the weight of the beam.
Solution: Volume of the beam = l×b×h
= 9× (4/100) × (20/100)m3
= 72/100 m3
Since the beam is made up of iron which weighs 50kg per cubic metre.
Weight of the beam = (72/100) × 50 = 36kg

4.) A rectangular reservoir is 120m long and 75m wide. At what speed per hour must water
flow into it through a square pipe of 20cm side so that the water rises by 24m in 18
hours?
Solution: Volume of accumulated in 18 hours = (120×75×24)cu.m.
Volume of water accumulated in one hour = (120×75×24)/18 m3
Area of the end of the square pipe = (20/100)2 = (1/25) m2 = 0.4 m2
Speed of the water per hour = (120×75×24)/(18×0.4) = 30,000 m = 30 km
Hence water must flow at 30km/hour into the reservoir.

173 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Solved Examples (Mensuration)

1. The sum of the ages of 4 members of a family 5 years ago was 94 years. Today, when the
daughter has been married off and replaced by a daughter-in-law, the sum of their ages is 92.
Assuming that there has been on other change in the family structure and all the people-are
alive, what is the difference in the age of the daughter and the daughter-in-law? (IBPS CWE
PO MT 2012)

(1) 22 years
(2) 11 years
(3) 25 years
(4) 19 years
(5) 15 years

Solution: There are four members in a family. Five years ago the sum of ages of the family
members = 94 years
Now, sum of present ages of family members = 94 + 5 4 = 114 years
Daughter is replaced by daughter-in-law.
Thus, sum of family member's ages becomes 92 years.
Difference = 114 - 92 = 22 years

Ans: (1)

2. The area of a square is 1444 square meters. The breadth of a rectangle is 1/4th the side of
the square and the length of the rectangle is thrice the breadth. What is the difference
between the area of the square and the area of the rectangle? (IBPS CWE PO MT 2012)

(1) 1152.38 sq mtr

(2) 1169.33 sq mtr
(3) 1181.21 sq mtr
(4) 1173.25 sq mtr
(5) None of these

Solution: Area of square = 1444

Let the side of square be a.
So a2 = 1444
a= = 38 m
Breadth of rectangle = 38 = 9.5 metres
Length = 3 x 9.5 = 28.5 m

174 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Area of rectangle = 28.5 x 9.5 = 270.75 m2
Difference = 1444 - 270.75 = 1173.25 sq m

Ans: (4)

3. The side of a square is half the diameter of a circle. The area of the square is 1225 sq cm.
What is the area of the circle?
(1) 962.5 sq cm
(2) 3850 sq cm
(3) 15400 sq cm
(4) 15600 sq cm
(5) None of these

Solution: Side of the square

Radius of the circle = 35 cm

Area of the circle

Ans: (2)

4. The adjacent angles of a parallelogram are in the ratio of 5 : 7. The larger angle of the
parallelogram is equal to the largest angle of a triangle. The smallest angle of the triangle is
40° less than the smaller angle of the parallelogram. What is the measure of the second
largest angle of the triangle? (Corporation Bank PO 2011)

(1) 30°
(2) 40°
(3) 55°
(4) 35°
(5) None of these

Solution: Sum of adjacent angles of a parallelogram = 180˚

Larger angle of the parallelogram

Smaller angle of the parallelogram = 180˚ – 105˚ = 75˚

Second-largest angle of the triangle

= 180˚ – 105˚ – (75˚ – 40˚) = 40˚

175 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Ans: (2)

5. The side of a square is half the diameter of a circle. The area of the square is 1225 sq cm.
What is the area of the circle? (Corporation Bank PO 2011)

(1) 962.5 sq cm
(2) 3850 sq cm
(3) 15400 sq cm
(4) 15600 sq cm
(5) None of these

Solution: Side of the square

Radius of the circle = 35 cm

Area of the circle

Ans: (2)

6. The sum of the circumference of a circle and the perimeter a square is equal to 272 cm. The
diameter of the circle is 56 cm. What is the sum of the area of the circle and the area of the
square? (Allahabad Bank Probationary Officers Exam 2011)

(1) 2464 sq cm
(2) 2644 sq cm
(3) 3040 sq cm
(4) Cannot be determined
(5) None of these

Solution: Circumference of the circle = π x diameter

= × 56 = 176 cm

Perimeter of the square = (272 - 176 =) 96 cm

Side of the square = ( ) 24 cm

Area of the square = (24 x 24 =) 576 sq cm

176 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Area of the circle = πr2 = x 28 x 28 = 2464 sq cm

required sum = (576 + 264) sq cm = 3040 sq cm

Ans: (3)

7. The ratio of the three angles of a quadrilateral is 13: 9: 5 respectively. The value of the
fourth angle of the quadrilateral is 36°. What is the difference between the largest and the
second smallest angles of the quadrilateral? (Allahabad Bank Probationary Officers Exam
2011)

(1) 104°
(2) 108°
(3) 72°
(4) 96°
(5) None of these

Solution: Let the three angles of the quadrilateral be13xo, 19xo and 5x o respectively.

Now, according to the question;

13x + 9x + 5x = 360 - 36 = 324

 27x = 324

x= = 12

required difference = 13x - 5x = 8x = 8 x 12 = 96°

Ans: (4)

177 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Practice Set (Mensuration)

1. The diameter of garden roller is 1.4 b) 0.09 cm

m and it is 2 m long. The area c) 0.16 cm
covered by the roller in 5 d) 0.11 cm
revolutions is 5. A field is in the form of a rectangle
a) 4.4 m2 of length 18 m and width 15 m. A
b) 44 m2 pit, 7.5 m long, 6 m broad and 0.8
c) 16.8 m2 m deep, is dug in a corner of the
d) 8.8 m2 field and the earth taken out is
2. In a cylindrical vessel of diameter evenly spread over the remaining
24 cm filled up with sufficient area of the field. The level of the
quantity of water, a solid spherical field raised is
ball of radius 6 cm is completely a) 12 cm
immersed. Then, the increase in b) 14 cm
height of water level is c) 16 cm
a) 1.5 cm d) 18 cm
b) 2 cm 6. A right circular cylinder, a
c) 3 cm hemisphere and a right circular
d) 4.2 cm cone stand on the same base and
3. If the length of the diagonal of a have the same height. The ratio of
the volumes is
cube is , then its surface a) 3 : 6 : 1
area is b) 3 : 4 : 1
a) 192 cm2 c) 3 : 2 : 1
b) 512 cm2 d) 4 : 3 : 1
c) 768 cm2 7. The base of a right pyramid is an
d) 384 cm2 equilateral triangle of side 4 cm.
4. A solid sphere of radius 1 cm is The height of the pyramid is half of
melted to convert into a wire of its slant height. Its volume is
length 100 cm. The
radius of the wire (take a)

) is b)
a) 0.08 cm

178 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 conical cavity of same height and
c) same diameter of the base is
hollowed out. The volume of the
d)
remaining solid is approximately
8. A tent is of the shape of a right
circular cylinder upto a height of 3
m and then becomes a right circular a) 942.86 cm3
cone with maximum height of 13.5 b) 314.29 cm3
m above the ground. If the radius of c) 628.57 cm3
the base is 14 m, the cost of d) 450.76 cm3
painting the inner side of the tent 12. The base of a right pyramid is a
at the rate Rs. 2 per sq m is square of side 16 cm long. If its
a) Rs. 2050 height be 15 cm, then the area of
b) Rs. 2060 the lateral surface (in cm 2) is
c) Rs. 2068 a) 136
d) Rs. 2080 b) 544
9. A solid cone of height 9 cm with c) 800
diameter of its base 18 cm is cut out d) 1280
from a wooden solid sphere of 13. The curved surface area of a
radius 9 cm. The percentage of cylindrical pillar is 264 sq m and its
wood wasted is volume is 924 cu m. The ratio of its
a) 25% diameter to height is
b) 30% a) 3 : 7
c) 50% b) 7 : 3
d) 75% c) 6 : 7
10. The number of spherical bullets d) 7 : 6
that can be made out of a solid 14. The ratio of the volume of a cube
cube of lead whose edge measures and of a solid sphere is 363 : 49.
44 cm, each bullet being of 4 cm The ratio of an edge of the cube
and the radius of the sphere is
diameter, is
a) 2541
b) 2451 a) 7 : 11
c) 2514 b) 22 : 7
d) 2415 c) 11 : 7
11. From a solid cylinder whose height d) 7 : 22
is 12 cm and diameter 10 cm, a
179 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude
15. The base of a solid right prism is a a) 352 cm3
triangle whose sides are 9 cm, 12 b) 308 cm3
cm and 15 cm. The c) 176 cm3
height of the prism is 5 cm. Then, d) 616 cm3
the total surface area of the prism 19. The volume of a cube (in cm3),
is
a) 180 cm2 whose diagonal measures cm
b) 234 cm2 is
c) 288 cm2 a) 16
d) 270 cm2 b) 27
c) 64
16. Volume of two cones are in the
ratio 1 : 4 and their diameters are in d) 8
the ratio 4 : 5. The ratio of their 20. Some solid metallic right circular
heights is cones, each with radius of the base
a) 1 : 5 3 cm and height 4 cm, are melted to
b) 5 : 4 form a solid sphere of radius 6 cm.
c) 5 : 16 The number of right circular cones
d) 25 : 64 is
17. Water is being pumped out through a) 12
a circular pipe whose internal b) 24
diameter is 7 cm, if the flow of c) 48
water is 12 cm/s then how many d) 6
litres of waters being pumped out 21. A cuboidal water tank contains 216
in one hour?
L of water. Its depth is of its
a) 1663.2 L
b) 1500 L length and breadth is of of the
c) 1747.6 L
difference between length and
d) 2000 L
depth. The length of the tank is
18. A right circular cylinder of height 16
a) 72 dm
cm is covered by a rectangular tin
b) 18dm
foil of size
c) 6 dm
16 cm × 22 cm. The volume of the
d) 2 dm
cylinder is

180 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Mensuration Practice Set (Answers)

1) b 12) b
2) b 13) b
3) d 14) b
4) d 15) c
5) c 16) d
6) c 17) a
7) c 18) d
8) c 19) c
9) d 20) b
10) a 21) b
11) c

181 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Chapter: Permutations, Combinations &
Probability
Permutation

The arrangement of a number of things taking some or all of them at a time is called
permutation. If there are ‘n’ number of things and we have to select ‘r’ things at a time then

the total number of permutation is denoted by n =

For example if there are 3 candidates A ,B and C for the post of president and vice president of
a college , since we have to select only 2 candidates , it can be done in 3! Ways. i.e. (A, B) (B, C)
(A, C) (B, A) (C, B) and (C, A). Here order of arrangement matters.

Restricted Permutation:

Sometimes we have to find out the number of permutation keeping few specific objects at
specific places. In this case, we find out the number of permutation of filling remaining vacant
places by the remaining objects.

If r objects are taken out of n dissimilar objects

(i) A specific object is taken each time: if there are n objects .

Suppose that is taken each time. If takes first place then the remaining (n-1)

objects can be arranged in n-1 ways. Since can take any place so number of

permutation is r n-1 .
(ii) Specific object never taken: then r objects are taken out of (n-1) objects, so number of

permutation is n-1 .

{Note: n = n-1 + r n-1 }

Permutation of things when some are identical:

If we have n things in which p are exactly of one kind , q of second kind , r of third kind and the

rest are different then the number of permutation of n things taken all at a time n =

182 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Example: In how many ways can the letters of the word LEADER be arranged?

Solution: The word LEADER contains total 6 letters namely 1L, 2E, 1A, 1D, 1R

Therefore, the number of ways to arrange the letters of the word LEADER

= = 360.

Repetition of things:

The number of permutation formed by taking r things at a time out of n things in any object

arrangement such that each object can be taken any number of time is .

Circular permutation:

If we fix one of the objects around the circumference of a circle then number of permutation of
n different thing taken all at a time is (n-1)! Ways. It will be same as by putting (n-1) objects at
(n-1) places.

But if we do not consider the direction i.e. clockwise and anticlockwise then the number of

permutation is .

Combination

From a given group of object each of the number of groups which are formed by taking some
objects or all objects at a time without caring about the sequence of the objects is called
combination. The number of combination formed by taking r objects at a time out of n object is

denoted by n where C expresses combination.

n =

For example if we have 3 objects A , B and C , 2 objects are taken out at a time then 3
combination are formed AB , BC and CA.

Note:

 If r= 0 , then n = =1

183 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

  If r= 1 , then n = =n

 If r= n , then n = =1

 n =n

Example: Find the value of .

Solution: We have, = = = 100 {Because 1! =1}

Restricted combination:

The combination of r object out of n objects on which p specific objects:

1. Are always included is n-p . We have to keep aside p specific objects and to select
remaining (n-p).

2. Are never included is n-p . Since p specific object are never included we have to form
the combination taking r obects out of (n-p) objects.

The number of ways to select some or all thing out of any number of given thing:

There are 2 ways to select anything i.e. either it will be selected or not. Therefore number of

ways to select n things is 2 2 …………… n times = . In these empty selection is also include.

For non- empty selection is -1.

Note: n +n +…………………………. + n = -1.

184 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Difference between permutation and combination:

Suppose there are 5 objects out of which 2 have to be chosen.

Permutation Combination

Number of required way

=

=
= = = 10

= = 5 4 = 20

So it is clear that in permutation order matters while in combination order does not matter.

Probability

The mathematical measure of the uncertainty is called probability. For example, consider the
following questions:

(a) Will it rain today?

(b) Which of the three candidates will win?
(c) On throwing a dice, the number obtained will be even or odd?
(d) On tossing a coin, head will occur or tail will occur?

The answer to all these question is not sure i.e. there is uncertainty .We study the uncertainty
of the result of such question in the theory of probability , which may not have one result but
more than one result are possible .

Random experiment:

The experiments in which the outcomes cannot be predicted before hand is called random
experiments. When these kind of experiment are repeated under identical condition, they do
not produce the same outcome every time and there may be many possible outcome which
depends upon chance and cannot be predicted. For example, on tossing a coin either the head
will come up or the tail will come up, we cannot predict it. This is an example of random event.

Sample Space:

The set of all possible outcomes of experiments is called the sample space and it is denoted by
S. And the subset of a sample space is called an event. That is, every subset A of the sample

185 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

space S is an event of that random experiment. For example, in an experiment of tossing a coin,

if h is obtained then it is a random event, since here S = {H, T} and {H} S

Now, the probability of any event A can be defined as the ratio between the number of
favourable outcomes to the event A and the number of total equiprobable outcomes, that is

P(A) =

Here it should be noted that the probability of a certain or sure event is 1 and that of
impossible event is 0.

Now, since the probability of an event to occur is =

So the probability of an event A not to occur is = 1 –

Mutually Exclusive events:

Two events A and B are said to be mutually exclusive if they cannot occur together, that is
simultaneously. For example , on throwing a dice , the events A = { 2,4,6 } and B = { 1,3,5 } are

mutually exclusive events , i.e. A B = .

In term of probability if A and B are mutually exclusive events, then

P (A B) = P (A) + P (B) and,

P (S) = P (A) + P (A’) = 1 where A’ is Complement of A.

Example: If a dice is thrown once then the probability of the number appearing on dice is
more than 2?

(a) 1/3
(b) 1/2
(c) 2/3
(d) 4.3/4

Solution: As there are 6 faces on a dice,

So the total number of possible events are 1, 2 , 3 ……. 6 , that is = 6
Now the number more than are 3, 4 , 5 and 6
So total number of favourable events =

186 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Probability of an event =

Required probability = =
Example : An urn contains 3 green, 6 red, and 4 black balls. 3 balls are drawn. Find the
probability that all 3 balls are of same colour?
(a) 3/44
(b) 25/286
(c) 15/286
(d) 5/286

Solution: Total number of balls in an urn is 13.

Number of ways 3 balls can be drawn out of 13 balls = = = 286

Numbers of ways 3 green balls are drawn = = =1

Numbers of ways 6 red balls are drawn = = = 20

Numbers of ways 4 black balls are drawn = = =4

Now,

The required probability = + + =

187 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Solved Examples (Permutations, Combinations &
Probability)

1. In how many different ways can the letters of the word 'THERAPY' be arranged so that the
vowels never come together? (IBPS CWE PO MT 2012)

(1) 720
(2) 1440
(3) 5040
(4) 3600
(5) 4800

Solution: Total number of letters is 7, and these letters can be arranged in 7! ways .
= 1 x 2 x 3 x 4 x 5 x 6 x 7 = 5040 ways
There are seven letters in the word THERAPY including 2 vowels. (E, A) and five consonants.
Consider two vowels as one letter.
We have 6 letters which can be arranged in 6P6
= 6 ways.
But vowels can be arranged in 2! ways.
Hence, the number of ways, all vowels will come
together = 6! x 2!
= 1 x 2 x 3 x 4 x 5 x 6 x 2 = 1440
Total number of ways in which vowels will never
come together = 5040 - 1440 = 3600

Ans: (4)

2. A bag contains 13 white and 7 black balls. Two balls are drawn at random. What is the
probability that they are of the same colour? (IBPS CWE PO MT 2012)

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

188 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

(5)

Solution: Total number of balls = 13 + 7 = 20

Number of sample space = n(S) = 20C2 = 190
Number of events = n(E)
= 13C2 + 7C2 = 78 + 21 = 99
P(E) = =

Ans: (4)

Directions (1-5): Study the given information carefully to answer the questions that follow. An
urn contains 4 green, 5 blue, 2 red and 3 yellow marbles.

3. If two marbles are drawn at random, what is the probability that both are red or at least
one is red?

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5) None of these

Solution: Total number of marbles in the urn

= 4 + 5 + 2 + 3 = 14

Total number of possible outcomes

= Selection of 2 marbles out of 14 marbles

= 14C2= 91

Total number of favourble cases

= 2C2 + 2C1 + 12C1 = 1 + 2 x 12 = 25

189 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 required probability =

Ans: (5)

4. If three marbles are drawn at random, what is the probability that at least one is yellow?

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5) None of these

Solution: Total number of possible outcomes

= 14C3 = = 364

When no marbles is yellow, favourable number of cases

= 14C3 = = 165

Probability that no marble is yellow =

required probability = (Probability that at least one is yellow) = (1 - Probability that no marble
is yellow)

1- = =

Ans: (3)

190 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

5. If eight marbles are drawn at random, what is the probability that there are equal
numbers of marbles of each colour?

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5) None of these

Solution: Total possible outcomes = 14C8 = 14C6 [ n

Cr = nCn-r]

= 3003

Total number of favourable cases

= 4C2 x 5C2 x 2C2 X 3C2 = 6 x 10 x 1 x 3 = 180 = 3003

required probability = =

Ans: (3)

6. If three marbles are drawn at random, what is the probability that none is green?

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

191 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

(5)

Solution: Total number of possible outcomes

= 14C2 = = 364

Now, according tot the question, no marble should be green.

Total number of favourable outcomes

= Selection of 3 marbles out of 5 blue, 2 red and 3 yellow marbles

= 10C3 = = 120

required probability = =

Ans: (5)

7. If three marbles are drawn at random, what is the probability that two are blue and two
are red?

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5) None of these

Solution: Total number of possible outcomes

= 14C4 = = 1001

Total number of favourable cases

192 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

= 5C2 x 22C = 10 x 1 = 10

required probability =

Ans: (1)

Directions (Q. 8-10): Study the given information carefully and answer the questions that
follow:

A basket contains 4 red, 5 blue and 3 green marbles.

8. If three marbles are picked at random, what is the probability that either all are green or
all are red?

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5) None of these

Solution: P(All Green) + P(All Red)

= 3C3 / 12C3 + 4C3 / 12C3 = 1/44
Ans : (4)

9. If two marbles are drawn at random, what is the probability that both are red?

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)
(5) None of these

193 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Solution: 4C2 / 12C2 = 1/11
Ans: (5)

10. If three marbles are picked at random, what is the probability that at least one is blue?

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)
(5) None of these

Solution: 1 – P (None Blue)

= 1- (7C3 / 12C3) = 37/44

Ans: (2)

194 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Practice Set-1 (Permutations, Combinations &
Probability)

1. In how many ways can six different a) 24

rings be worn on four fingers of one b) 48
hand? c) 96
a) 10 d) None of these
b) 12 5. After a get together every person
c) 15 present shakes the hand of every
d) 16 other person. If there were 105
2. There are three prizes to he hands shakes in all, how many
distributed among five students. If persons were present in the party?
no student gets more than one a) 14
prize, then this can be done in b) 13
a) 10 ways c) 15
b) 30 ways d) 16
c) 60 ways 6. There are 4 candidates for the post
d) 80 ways of a lecturer in Mathematics and
3. In a hockey championship, there one is to be selected by votes of 5
were 153 matches played. Every men. The number of ways in which
two teams played one match with the votes can be given is
each other. The number of teams a) 1048
participating in the championship is b) 1072
a) 18 c) 1024
b) 19 d) none of these
c) 17 7. A student is to answer 10 out of 13
d) 16 questions in an examination such
4. In an examination paper, there are that he must choose at least 4 from
two groups each containing 4 the first five questions. The number
questions. A candidate is required of choices available to him is
to attempt 5 questions but not a) 140
more than 3 questions from any b) 280
group. In how many ways can 5 c) 196
questions be selected? d) 346

195 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

8. After a get-together every person present shakes the hand of every other person. If
there were 105 hands shakes in all, how many persons were present in the party?
a) 14
b) 13
c) 15
d) 16
9. Out of eight crew members three particular members can sit only on the left side.
Another two particular members can sit only on the right side. Find the number of
ways in which the crew can be arranged so that four men can sit on each side.
a) 864
b) 865
c) 863
d) 1728

196 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Practice Set-2 (Permutations, Combinations &
Probability)

1. Four different objects 1, 2, 3, 4 are

distributed at random in four places a)
marked 1, 2, 3, 4. What is the
b)
probability that none of the objects
occupy the place corresponding to
c)
its number?

a) d)
4. Suppose six coins are flipped. Then
b) the probability of getting at least
one tail is
c)
a)
d)
b)
2. Two dice are tossed. The
probability that the total score is a
c)
prime number is

a) d)
5. A bag contains 2 red, 3 green and 2
b) blue balls. 2 balls are to be drawn
randomly. What is probability that
c) the balls drawn contain no blue
ball?
d)
3. A bag contains 3 white balls and 2 a)
black balls. Another bag contains 2
b)
white balls and 4 black balls. A bag
and a ball are picked at random.
c)
The probability that the ball will be
white is
d)

197 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

6. I forgot the last digit of a 7-digit
telephone number. If I randomly the sister's selection is . What is
dial the final 3 digits after correctly the probability that one of them is
dialling the first four, then what is selected?
the chance of dialling the correct
a)
number?

a) b)

b) c)

c) d)
9. A room has 3 lamps. From a
d) collection of 10 light bulbs of which
7. A box contains 6 white balls and 7 6 are not good, a person selects 3 at
black balls. Two balls are drawn at random and puts them in a socket.
random. What is the probability The probability that he will have
that both are of the same colour? light, is
a) 5/6
a) b) 1/2
c) 1/6
b) d) none of the above
10. Four boys and three girls stand in
c)
queue for an interview. The
probability that they will stand in
d)
alternate positions is
8. A brother and sister appear for an a) 1/34
interview against two vacant posts b) 1/35
in an office. The probability of the c) 1/17
d) 1/68
brother's selection is and that of

198 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Permutations, Combinations & Probability Practice Set-1
(Answers)

1) c
2) a
3) a
4) b
5) c
6) d
7) a
8) c
9) d

199 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Permutations, Combinations & Probability Practice Set-2
(Answers)

1) c
2) b
3) d
4) c
5) b
6) d
7) b
8) b
9) d
10) a

200 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Chapter: Data Interpretation
Introduction:

Analyzing data is the major part of our daily routine. Financial data as in P & L sheet, marketing
and sales data, data on productivity, data on performance appraisal, data on each and every
thing that we can imagine. In some companies entire department generates and manages every
conceivable data that we can imagine.

To collect information from all the amount of data it needs to be presented in a lucid and
concise manner. Therefore we use data representation as it immediately provides the overall
scenario and it is also sufficient to compute any detailed information.

Strategies:

While studying the DI section one should follow few strategies given below:

1. Solve the graph with which you are most comfortable for example some are more
comfortable with line graph while the other may be with pie chart.
2. The problems with numbers with 2 or 3 digits like 82, 114 etc are easier to solve then
the problem with number of 4 or 5 digits like 3457, 52468.
3. In pie charts if sectors are 15% 20% etc then it will be easier calculation then the sectors
like 17.5%, 23.6 % etc.
4. We must also look at the number in answer option, if the answers are 12.5 5 6.33% etc
then it will be easier to arrive at.
5. Wider are the choices in answer, easier will be the elimination process and lesser will be
the calculation.
6. The answer choice “ Cannot be determined “ makes the question much easier as it
becomes data sufficiency question and if the question can be answered then only four
options are left.

201 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 7. Pick the alternative which is the middle one and check if your answer is less than, equal
to or greater than this value. In this way only one iteration will give you the correct
answer.
8. Te answer choice “None of these “on the other hand make it more difficult as we have
to calculate the question to the exact value.
9. It is better to solve a line chart with two lines and 5 points than to solve a table with 5
rows and 6 columns. But this may not be the case always looking at the other factors.

Growth rate and Growth:

Growth and Growth rate are two different cases. Growth refers to just increase in the
underlying value, while the Growth rate refers to the percentage increase. For example
following table shows the sales and profit of a company A in Rs. Lakhs

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

Sales 240 290 320 350 380

Profit 50 55 70 50 40

Here,

Growth during the period from 2000 to 2002 is simple the difference of sales = 350-290 = 60

But the Growth rate during this period is the percentage of growth =

Profit Percentages:

The profit percentage is not but it is . For example in above

table the profit percentage of year 1999 is not = .

202 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

But the profit percentage of year 1999 is = as cost price of this year is 190

Also the percentage change in profit percentage is percent of profit percent of two years with
base as previous year profit percent. For example the percentage change in profit percentage in
the year 2002 over that in year 2001 is:

But in line graph growth rate is related to slope of line. There are few points to understand:

1. The slope of each segment is same across all years of company B but still the growth
rate is not the same in all years. The same slope simply means the sales grow by a
constant amount each year. But the growth rate depends on the base value so in
company B it’s decreasing from 2000 to 2004.
2. The line representing sales of A in 2002-03 is steeper but 2003 is not the year with
highest growth rate of sales of A . The highest growth rate of sale of A is in year 2001.

203 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Chapter: Data Interpretation-Table Chart
In studying problems on statistics, the data collected by the investigator are arranged in
systematic form, called the tabular form. In order to avoid some heads again and again, we
make tables, consisting of horizontal lines called rows and vertical lines called columns with
distinctive heads, known as captions. Units of measurements are given along with the captions.

Example:

The table given below shows the population, literates and illiterates (in thousands) and the
percentage of literacy in 3 states, in a year:

State Population Literates Illiterates Percentage of

literacy

Madras 49342 6421 …………….. ……………………

Bombay ……………. 4068 16790 ……………………..

Bengal 60314 …………… …………… 16.1

After reading the table, mark a tick (√) against the correct answer in each question given below
and hence complete the table.

1) Percentage of literacy in Madras is

(a) 14.9%
(b) 13.01%
(c) 12.61%
(d) 15.04%
2) Percentage of literacy in Bombay is
(a) 19.5%
(b) 16.7%
(c) 18.3%
(d) 14.6%

204 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

3) Number of literates in Bengal (in thousands) is:
(a) 50599
(b) 9715
(c) 76865
(d) 9475

Solution:
1) (b) percentage of literacy in Madras = (6421/49342)×100% = 13.01%
2) (a) Population of Bombay = (4068+16790) thousands = 20858 thousands.
Therefore, percentage of literacy in Bombay = (4068/20858)×100% = 19.5%
3) (b) Number of literates in Bengal =(16.1/100)×60314 = 9715 thousands

205 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Solved Examples (Data Interpretation-Table Chart)

Direction (1-5): Study the table carefully to answer the questions that follow :- (IBPS PO Exam
2011)

Number of people visiting six different Super-markets and the percentage of Men, Women
and Children visiting those Super-markets

Names of the Total Number of Percentage of

Super-
People Men Women Children
markets

A 34560 35 55 10

B 65900 37 43 20

C 45640 35 45 20

0 55500 41 26 33

E 42350 06 70 24

F 59650 24 62 14

206 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

1. The Number of men visiting Super-market D forms approximately what percent of the total
number of people visiting all the Super-markets together?

(1) 11
(2) 5.5
(3) 13
(4) 9
(5) 7.5

Solution: Number of men visiting supermarket D

= 41% of 55500

= = 41×55500 = 22755

Total number of people visiting all the supermarkets together

= 34560 + 65900 + 45640 + 55500 + 42350 + 59650

= 303600

required probability = × 100 = 7.5% (Aprox)

Ans: (5)

2. The Number of children visiting Super-market C forms what percent of number of children
visiting Super- market F? (rounded off to two digits after decimal)

(1) 91.49
(2) 49.85
(3) 121.71
(4) 109.30
(5) None of these

Solution: Number of children visiting supermarkets C

= 20% of 45640 = 20 x 45640 = = 9128

Number of children visiting supermarket F

= 14% of 59650 = = 8351

207 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 required percentage = x 100 = 109.30%

Ans: (4)

3. What-is the total number of children visiting Super-markets B and D together?

(1) 18515
(2) 28479
(3) 31495
(4) 22308
(5) None of these

Solution: Total number of children visiting supermarket B and D together

= 20% of 65900 + 33% of 55500

= +

= 13180 + 18315 = 31495

Ans: (3)

4. What is the average number of women visiting all the Super-markets together?

(1) 24823.5
(2) 22388.5
(3) 26432.5
(4) 20988.5
(5) None of these

Solution: Total number of women

= 55% of 34560 + 43% of 65900 + 45% of 45640 + 26% of 55500+ 70% of 42350 + 62% of 59650

= 19008 +'28337 + 20538 + 14430 + 29645 + 36983

= 148941

required average = = 24823.5

Ans: (1)

208 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

5. What is the ratio of number of women visiting Super-markets A to that visiting Super-
market C?

(1) 35: 37
(2) 245: 316
(3) 352: 377
(4) 1041: 1156
(5) None of these

Solution: Required ratio = 19008: 20538 = 1056: 1141

Ans : (3)

(Directions Q.6-10): Study the table carefully to answer the questions that follow :- (IBPS PO
Exam 2011)
Percentage
of Marks
SUBJECTS (Maximum Marks)
Obtained
Studentsby Strategic Brand Compensation Consumer Service Training &
Different
Students in Management Management Management Behaviour Marketing Development
Different (150) (100) (150) (125) (75) (50)
Subject of
MBA
Anushka 66 75 88 56 56 90 ,
Archit 82 76 84 96 92 88
-- ,-
Arpan 76 66 78 88 72 70
Garvita 90 88 96 76 84 86
Gunit 64 70 68 7.2 68 , 74
Pranita 48 56 50 64 64 58

••••
6. How many marks did Anushka get in all the Subjects together? • 1;;'
~ ,'_
(1) 369
(2) 463
(3) 558
(4) 496
(5) None of these

Solution: Total marks of Anuska

= + 75 + + + + 45

209 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

= = 99 + 75 + 132 + 70 + 42 + 45 = 463

Ans: (2)

7. The Marks obtained by Garvita in Brand Management are what percent of marks obtained
by Archit in the same Subject? (rounded off to two digits after decimal)

(1) 86.36
(2) 101.71
(3) 115.79
(4) 133.33
(5) None of these

Solution: Marks obtained by Garvita in Brand Management

= 88% of 100 = 88

Marks obtained by Archita in Brand Management

= 76% of 100 = 76

required percentage = x 100 115.79%

Ans: (3)

8. What is the average marks obtained by all students together in Compensation

Management?

(1) 116
(2) 120
(3) 123
(4) 131
(5) None of these

Solution: Average marks obtained by all students together in Compensation Management

210 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

= × 150=116

Ans: (1)

9. Who has scored the highest total marks in all the subjects together?

(1) Archit
(2) Gunit
(3) Pranita
(4) Garvita
(5) Arpan

Solution: Total obtained in all the subjects together by

Arapn: 76% of 150 + 66% of 100 + 78% of 150 + 88% of 125 + 72% of 75 + 70% of 50

= + + + + +

= 114 + 66 + 117 + 110 + 54 + 35 = 496

Archit: 82% of 150 + 76% of 100 + 84% of 150 + 96% of 125 + 92% of 75 + 88% of 50

= + + + + +

= 123 + 76 + 126 + 120 + 69 + 44 = 558

Garvita: 90% of 150 + 88% of 100 + 96% of 150 + 76% of 125 + 84% of 75 + 86% of 50 .

= 135 + 88 + 144 + 95 + 63 + 43 = 568

= + + + + +

= 135 + 88 + 144 + 95 + 63 + 43 = 568

Gunit: 64% of 150 + 70% of 100 + 68% of 150 + 72% of 125 + 68% of 75 + 74% of 50

= + + + + +

= 96 + 70 + 102 + 90 + 51 + 37 = 446

Pranita: 48% of 150 + 56% of 100 + 50% of 150 + 64% of 125 + 64% of 75 + 58% of 50

211 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

= + + + + +

= 72 + 56 + 75 + 80 + 48 + 29 = 360

Clearly, Garvita scored the highest total marks in all the subjects together.

Ans: (4)

10. How many Students have scored the highest marks in more than one Subject?

(1) three
(2) two
(3) one
(4) none
(5) Now of these

Solution: Archit (consumer behaviour and service marketing) and Garvita (strategic
management, brand management and compensation management).

Ans: (2)

212 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Practice Set (Data Interpretation-Table Chart)

Directions (Q. 1-5): Study the table carefully to answer the questions that follow

Number of cars (in thousand) of two models (Basic and Premium) produced by five different
companies in five different years (IBPS RRB Grade Officer Exam 2012)

Compan A B C D E
y

Year Basi Premiu Basi Premiu Basi Premiu Basi Premiu Basi Premiu
c m c m c m c m c m
↓

2006 4.4 2.5 5.6 2.4 5.4 6.1 7.6 7.5 2.7 5.1

2007 4.9 7.2 9.4 7.2 7.5 8.3 8.4 4.9 4.2 5.5

2008 13.6 15.5 14.8 9.5 12.8 9.9 9.2 8.2 7.7 11.5

2009 6.6 13.9 11.8 11.4 16.6 18.2 10.6 10.4 7.2 12.8

2010 5.8 14.9 12.2 7.2 19.9 22.3 14.6 12.2 13.2 12.2

1. The number of cars of premium model produced by Company D in the year 2009 was
approximately what per cent of the total number of cars (both models) produced
by Company C in the year 2007?

(1) 70
(2) 51
(3) 56
(4) 61
(5) 66

213 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

2. What was the approximate percentage decrease in the number of cars of basic model
produced by Company B in the year 2009 as compared to the previous year?

(1) 15
(2) 20
(3) 10
(4) 80
(5) 85
3. What was the average number of cars of premium model produced by Company A over all
the years together?

(1) 9000
(2) 8000
(3) 6000
(4) 48000
(5) None of these

4. In which year was the difference between the basic model and the premium model of cars
produced by Company E the second highest?

(1) 2010
(2) 2006
(3) 2007
(4) 2008
(5) 2009

5. In which company did the production of cars of premium model consistently increase from
the year 2006 to the year 2010?

(1) Both C and E

(2) Both C and d
(3) C only
(4) D only
(5) E only

214 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Directions (Q. 6-10): Study the table carefully to answer the questions that follow.

Number of animals in grasslands of four different countries in five different years (RBI
Grade’B’ Officer’s Exam 2011)

Country

Year
South Africa China Sri Lanka England

Tiger Lion Bear Tiger Lion Bear Tiger Lion Bear Tiger Lion Bear

1990 145 156 250 320 346 436 280 468 255 423 342 234

1995 134 165 354 445 256 542 354 354 343 368 136 345

2000 120 135 324 583 325 454 433 345 545 354 267 456

2005 110 184 285 466 475 322 343 324 546 562 235 567

2010 160 224 264 411 535 534 535 532 453 349 345 324

6. What is the average of the number of tigers in the grassland of Sri Lanka over all the years
together?

(1) 386
(2) 389
(3) 369
(4) 276
(5) None of these

7. What is the difference between the total number of lions and bears in the grassland of
England in the year 2005 and the number of tigers in the grassland of South Africa in the year
1995?

(1) 597
(2) 558
(3) 677
(4) 668
(5) None of these

215 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

8. The total number of animals together in the grassland of China in the year 1990 is
approximately what per cent of the total number of bears in the grassland of Sri Lanka over all
the years together?

(1) 44%
(2) 56%
(3) 41%
(4) 47%
(5) 51%

9. If 35 per cent of the total number of animals in the grassland of China in the year 2010 died
due to an epidemic, how many animals remained in the grassland of China in the year2010?

(1) 976
(2) 952
(3) 986
(4) 962
(5) None of these

10. What is three-fourths of the total number of lions in the grasslands of all the four
countries in the year 2000?

(1) 848
(2) 868
(3) 804
(4) 824
(5) None of these

216 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Directions (Q. 11-5): Study the table carefully to answer the questions that follow:

Number of girls and boys (in hundreds) in six different years in five different schools

School→ A B C D E

Years
Boys Girls Boys Girls Boys Girls Boys Girls Boys Girls
↓
2005 3.3 3.6 5.2 3.1 5.5 4.5 2.4 1.4 6.5 6.6

2006 6.6 4.2 4.9 2.2 6.9 3.3 4.4 2.3 5.5 3.6

2007 9.3 6.9 4.7 4.2 5.8 4.9 6.4 3.3 2.7 2.4

2008 5.4 9.6 6.3 5.4 6.6 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.4 5.7

2009 8.4 12.9 7.5 5.9 8.7 6.6 12.1 5.2 6.8 6.5

2010 12.3 14.4 9.8 4.4 11.7 4.2 12.2 9.4 10.8 12.7

11. What is the approximate percentage decrease in the number of boys in School D in the
year 2008 as compared to that in the previous year?

(1) 17
(2) 12
(3) 9
(4) 5
(5) 23

12. The number of girls in School B in the year 2009 is approximately what per cent of the
total number of students (both boys and girls) in School E in the year 2006?

(1) 46
(2) 52
(3) 70
(4) 58
(5) 65

13. What is the average number of girls in School A in all the years taken together?

(1) 760
(2) 800
(3) 860
217 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude
(4) 600
(5) None of these

14. What is the ratio of the number of boys in School C in the year 2009 to the number of girls
in School A in the year 2009?

(1) 29 : 41
(2) 36 : 11
(3) 29 : 43
(4) 36: 13
(5) None of these

15. In which year is the total number of students (both girls and boys together) the third
highest in School E?

(1) 2006
(2) 2007
(3) 2008
(4) 2005
(5) 2010

218 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Directions-(Q. 16-20) Study the table carefully to answer the questions that follow:

Number of Athletes (in hundreds) who participated in a Sports Event from Five Different
Countries over the years (Allahabad Bank Probationary Officers Exam 2011)

Countries  A B C D E

Year  Male Fem Male Fem Male Fem Male Fem Male Fem

2005 4.4 3.3 6.3 4.2 4.5 3.1 5.6 4.1 4.7 2.1

2006 6·6 4·2 8·4 6·2 6·9 3·3 8·4 6·3 7·8 5·2

2007 4·6 1·8 7·4 4·8 4·8 2·8 9·3 7·3 8·7 6·5

2008 9.6 4·9 11.4 8·4 6·6 4·2 12·6 9·4 8·9 5·8

2009 11.8 6·4 10·6 5·2 7·9 6·3 14.4 10·2 11·8 9·2

2010 8·2 5·2 6·4 7·2 10·8 6·9 15·6 12·1 13·6 9·8

16. In which of the following years was the total number of participants (athletes) second
highest from Country C?

(1) 2005
(2) 2006
(3) 2007
(4) 2008
(5) None of these

17. What was the average number of female athletes who participated from Country B over
all the years together?

(1) 1200
(2) 400
(3) 600
(4) 1800
(5) 3600

219 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

18. What was the approximate percentage decrease in the number of male athletes who
participated from Country C in the year 2007 as compared to the previous year?

(1) 21
(2) 30
(3) 35
(4) 39
(5) 25

19. The Number of female athletes who participated from Country E in the year 2009 was
approximately what percentage of the 42 total number of athletes who participated from
Country-B in the year 2008?

(1) 40
(2) 46
(3) 50
(4) 56
(5) 60

20. In which of the following country is the difference between the number of male and
female participants second highest in the year 2006?

(1) A
(2) B
(3) C
(4) D
(5) E

220 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Data Interpretation-Table Chart Practice Set (Answers)

1) 5 11) 1
2) 2 12) 5
3) 5 13) 3
4) 5 14) 3
5) 3 15) 5
6) 2 16) 5
7) 4 17) 3
8) 5 18) 2
9) 4 19) 2
10) 3 20) 5

221 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Chapter: Data Interpretation-Line Graphs
Line graphs of a frequency distribution is obtained from the histogram of the frequency
distribution by joining the mid points of respective tops of the rectangles in a histogram.

To complete the line graphs, the mid-points at each end are joined to the immediately lower or
higher mid-points (as the case may be) at zero frequency.

Example: Study the following graph and answer the following questions:

1.) The total expenditure of which of the following pairs of years was equal to the
income in 1992?

(a) 1987 and 1988 (b) 1987 and 1989 (c) 1988 and 1989 (d) 1988 and 1990 (e) none of
these

2.) What was the percentage decrease in expenditure from 1988 and 1989?
222 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude
 (a) 80 (b) 50 (c) 40 (d) 10 (e) none of these

3.) In how many of the given years was the expenditure more than the average
expenditure of the given years?

(a) 4 (b) 3 (c) 1 (d) 5 (e) none of these

4.) In which of the following years was the percentage of expenditure to income, the
highest?

(a) 1987 (b) 1988 (c) 1989 (d) 1991 (e) none of these

5.) What was the approximate percentage increase in income from 1991 to 1992?

(a) 35 (b) 40 (c) 20 (d) 15 (e) 25

Solution:

1.) (c) : income in 1992= 475 crores

Total expenditure in 1988 and 1989 = Rs.( 250+225) crores

=Rs. 475 crores.

2.) (d) : expenditure in 1988 = Rs. 250 crores

Expenditure in 1989 = Rs. 225 crores.

Decrease % = = 10%

3.) (b): average expenditure =Rs.

=Rs. 287.5

The expenditure is greater than the average expenditure during the years 1987, 1990
and 1992.

Required no. of years =3

4.) (e): the required percentage :

In 1987 is (300×100/450)% = 66.66%

In 1988 is (250×100/400)% = 62.5%

In 1989 is (225×100/350)% = 64.29%

223 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 In 1990 is (375×100/425)% = 88.24%

In 1991 is (175×100/375)% = 46.6%

In 1992 is (400 ×100/475)% = 84.21%

Clearly the percentage is highest in 1990.

5.) (e): income in 1991 = 375 crores

Income in 1992 = 475 crores

Therefore increase % = (100×100/375)% = 26.6% = 25% nearly

224 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Solved Examples (Data Interpretation-Line Graphs)

Directions-(Q.1-5): Study the following graph carefully to answer the questions that follow:
(Allahabad Bank Probationary Officers Exam 2011)

1. In which state was the total number of trees planted by NGO A and NGO B together second
lowest?

(1) Bihar
(2) Punjab
(3) Haryana
(4) Assam
(5) Tamil Nadu

Solution: Number of tree planted by NGO-A and NGO-B together in

Bihar: 100 + 60 = 160

Punjab: 120 + 80 = 200

Haryana: 80 + 140 = 220

Assam: 150 + 160 = 310

225 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Tamil Nadu: 140 + 180 = 320

Ans: (2)

2. What was the difference between the trees planted by NGO A in Haryana and the number
of trees planted by NGO C in Tamil Nadu?

(1) 90
(2) 60
(3) 120
(4) 100
(5) None of these

Solution: Required difference = 160 – 80 = 80

Ans: (5)

3. What was the average number of trees planted in Haryana by all the NGOs together?

(1) 420
(2) 140
(3) 120
(4) 390
(5) None of these

Solution: Required average = = 129

Ans: (5)

4. The total number of trees planted by NGO A and NGO B together in Bihar was
approximately what per cent of the total number of trees planted by NGO-B and
NGO-C together in Punjab?

(1) 85
(2) 90
(3) 105
(4) 110
(5) 95

Solution: Required percentage = × 100 = × 100 95%

Ans: (5)

226 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

5. What was the ratio of the number of trees planted by NGO B in Tamil
Nadu, number of trees planted by NGO C in Assam and the number of trees planted by
NGO A in Assam?

(1) 5: 3 : 6
(2) 5: 6 : 3
(3) 6: 4 : 5
(4) 6: 5 : 3
(5) None of these

Solution: Required ratio: 180: 120 + 150 = 6: 4: 5

Ans: (3)

Direction (Q. 6 – 10): Study the graph carefully and answer the questions that follow:

Per cent profit made by two companies over the years

6. If in the year 2006 the expenditures incurred by company P and Q were same, what was
the ratio of the income of company Q to that of company P in that year?
(a) 26 : 27
(b) 27 : 26
(c) 24 : 25
(d) 25 : 24
(e) None of these
Answer: (c)
227 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude
7. If the amount of profit earned by company Q in the year 2007 was Rs. 2.4 lakhs, what was
its expenditure in that year?
(a) Rs. 13 lakhs
(b) Rs. 15 lakhs
(c) Rs. 24 lakhs
(d) Rs. 16 lakhs
(e) Rs. 20 lakhs
Answer: (d)

8. What is the average per cent profit earned by company P over all the years together?
(a) 30
(b) 25
(c) 40
(d) 33
(e) None of these
Answer: (b)
9. If in the year 2009, the incomes of both the companies P and Q were same, what was the
ratio of the expenditure of company P to the expenditure of company Q in the same year?
(a) 26 : 23
(b) 23 : 26
(c) 24 : 25
(d) 25 : 24
(e) None of these
Answer: (a)
10. What is the ratio of the amount of profit earned by company A to that by company B in
the year 2010?
(a) 27 : 24
(b) 24 : 27
(c) 23 : 24
(d) 24 : 23
(e) None of these Cannot be determined
Answer: (e)

228 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Practice Set (Data Interpretation-Line Graphs)

Directions (1-5): Study the following graph carefully and answer the questions given below:
(Allahabad Bank PO Exam: 2010)

Profit earned by Three Companies over the years (Rs. in crores)

1. What was the average profit earned by all the three companies in the year 2008?

(a) Rs. 300 crore

(b) Rs. 400 crore

(c) Rs. 350 crore

(d) Rs. 520 crore

(e) None of these

2. In which of the following years was the difference between the profits earned by company
B and company A the minimum?

(a) 2003

(b) 2004

229 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

(c) 2005

(d) 2008

(e) None of these

3. In which of the following years was the total profit earned by all three comapnies together
the highest?

(a) 2004

(b) 2007

(c) 2008

(d) 2009

(e) None of these

4. What was the approximate percentage increase in the profit earned by Company A from
2006 to 2007?

(a) 36

(b) 24

(c) 40

(d) 20

(e) 54

5. What was the difference between the profit earned by company A in 2004 and the profit
earned by company C in 2009?

(a) Rs. 50 crore

(b) Rs. 1 crore

(c) Rs. 100 crore

(d) Rs. 200 crore

(e) None of these

230 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Direction (Q. 6 – 10): Study the given graph carefully and answer the questions that follow:

The line diagram shows the cost of production and profit of six companies for the year 2011-
12. (The figures are in 'Lakhs').

Revenue = Cost of Production + Profit.

6. The ratio of profits of company B and D to the profits of A and E is:

(a) 2:3
(b) 10 : 9
(c) 3:2
(d) 10 : 7
(e) None of these

7. The profit of company C is what percentage of the revenue of company F?

(a) 20%
(b) 25%
(c) 30%
(d) 35%
(e) None of these

8. The revenue of company C is how many times of company E's profit?

(a) 5.5
(b) 5.25
(c) 5.75
(d) 5
(e) None of these

231 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

9. Which company has the maximum percentage of profit?

(a) C
(b) D
(c) E
(d) F
(e) None of these

10. What is the average profit of the last five companies (B, C, D, E and F)?

(a) Rs. 500

(b) Rs. 5,000
(c) Rs. 50,000
(d) Rs. 4,66,667
(e) None of these

232 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Data Interpretation-Line Graphs Practice Set (Answers)

1. (b)
2. (e)
3. (d)
4. (a)
5. (c)
6. (d)
7. (a)
8. (c)
9. (b)
10. (e)

233 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Chapter: Data Interpretation-Bar Graphs
In a bar diagram, information is presented by means of rectangles, whose lengths indicate the
quantity of the variable which the bar is representing. The following points are important:
1) All bars are in the form of rectangles and the width of the bars is uniform throughout
the diagram.
2) The height of each bar is proportional to the frequency of the variable.
3) The gap between various bars is uniform.
4) The base line of all the bars is the same.
5) The bars can be either horizontal or vertical depending on the space available.
Example:
The expenditure of a company under different heads (in thousands of rupees) is given below:

Head Expenditure(in
thousands of rupees)

Salary of employees 400

Travelling allowance (TA) 100

Rent 150

Equipment 200

Miscellaneous 300

Draw a bar chart to depict the above data.

234 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Example:
The following bar diagram represents the percentages of total expenditure incurred by a state
during the years 1981- 90 for different items. In each bar the blue portion stands for the
expenditure during the first five years and the red portion stands for the next five years.
Study the graph and answer questions 1-5.

1) Which of the items listed below accounts for the maximum expenditure during the
year 1981 to 1985?

235 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 (a) Communication (b) education (c) health (d) housing
2) Which of the items listed below accounts for the maximum expenditure during 1986
to 1990?
(a) Agriculture (b) communication (c) education (d) health
3) The amount of expenditure on Agriculture is approximately what proportion of that
on industry during the year 1986-90?
(a) 1/5 (b) ¼ (c) 1/3 (d) data inadequate
4) If the total expenditure on housing is Rs. 610 crores during 1981-85, the total
expenditure on industry during the same period would (approximately)
(a) Rs 2440 crores (b) Rs 1220 crores (c) Rs 4620 crores (d) none of these
5) Out of every 10,000 rupees spent during 1981-90 approximately, how much was spent
during the years 1981-85 on housing?
(a) Rs 1400 (b) Rs 700 (c) Rs 1000 (d) Rs 2800

Answer:
1) (d) out of the items listed in the question, clearly maximum expenditure during 1981-85
is on housing.
2) (a) out of the items listed in the question, clearly the maximum expenditure during
1986-90 is on agriculture.
3) (a) expenditure on agriculture during 1986-90
a. = (15-10)% of total expenditure = 5x/100 = x/20
b. Expenditure on industry during 1986-90
c. = (52.5-27.5)% of total expenditure = 25x/100 =x/4.
d. Required ratio = x/20 : x/4 = 1:5
4) (d) expenditure on housing during 1981-85 = 10% of total expenditure.
a. Let the total expenditure be Rs. x.
b. Then , 105 of x = 610 crores or 10x/100 =610 crores
c. x=6100 crores
d. total expenditure on industry during 1981-85 = 25% of 6100 crores
e. = Rs 1525 crores.
5) (c) 20% of total expenditure during 1981-90 was spent on housing.
a. Expenditure on housing during 1981-90 for a total expenditure of Rs 10000 =
(20×10000/100) = Rs 2000
b. Ratio of expenditure on housing during 1981-85 and that during 1986-90=
10%/(20-10)% = 1/1
c. Expenditure on housing during 1981-85 = Rs 1000

236 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Solved Examples (Data Interpretation-Bar Graphs)

Directions (Q. 1-5): Study the following graph and answer the questions given below:

1. Out of the total number of students who opted for the given three subjects, in the year
2009, 38% were girls. How many boys opted for Mathematics in the same year?

(1) 1322
(2) 1332
(3) 1312
(4) Cannot be determined
(5) None of these

Solution: Number of students who opted for all three subjects in 2009 = (20 + 20 + 5) thousand
= 45000

Number of boys = = 27900

Since, we do not know the number of girls in Mathematics, number of boys opted for
Mathematics cannot be determined.

Ans : (4)

237 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

2. If the total number of students in the University in the year 2007 was 455030, then, the
total number of students who opted for the given three subjects were approximately what
percent of the total students?

(1) 19
(2) 9
(3) 12
(4) 5
(5) 23

Solution: Required percentage = 100

= 100 9

Ans: (2)

3. What is the total number of students who opted for Hindi and who opted for Mathematics
in the years 2006, 2007 and 2009 together?

(1) 97000
(2) 93000
(3) 85000
(4) 96000
(5) None of these

Solution: Required number of students

= (5 + 35 + 15 + 15 + 20 + 5) x 1000

= 95 x 1000 = 95000

Ans: (5)

4. The total number of students who opted for Mathematics in the years 2005 and 2008
together are approximately what percent of the total number of students who opted for all
three subjects in the same years?

(1) 38
(2) 28
(3) 42
(4) 32
(5) 48

238 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Solution: Required percentage

= ×100

= × 100 = × 100 32

Ans: (4)

5. What is the respective ratio between the number of students who opted for English in the
years 2006 and 2008 together and the number of students who opted for Hindi in the year
2005 and 2009 together?

(1) 11: 5
(2) 12: 7
(3) 11: 7
(4) 12:5
(5) None of these

Solution: Required ratio = (25 + 30): (5+20) = 55:25 = 11:15

Ans: (1)

Directions (Q. 6-10): Study the following graph carefully to answer the questions that follow:

Monthly income (Rs in thousand) of three different persons in six different years (IBPS RRB
Grade ‘A’ Officers Exam 2012)

239 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

6. What was the difference between the total monthly salary of Arun in all the years together
and Suman's monthly income in the year 2007?

(1) Rs. 1.24 Iakh

(2) Rs. 1.14 Iakh
(3) Rs. 11.4 lakh
(4) Rs. 12.4 lakh
(5) None of these

Solution. Arun monthly income in all year together

Suman's monthly income in the year 2007

= 15 thousand

∴ Difference = 129 – 15 = 114 = 114 ⤬ 1000 = 114000 lakh

Ans: 2

7. What is the ratio of Arun's monthly income in the year 2006, Suman's monthly income in
the year 2007 and Jyoti's monthly income in the year 2005?

(1) 6:3:5
(2) 6:4:5
(3) 5:6:4
(4) 5:4:7
(5) None of these

Solution. Ratio = Arun : Suman : Jyoti

18 : 15 : 9

6:5:3

Ans: 5

240 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

8. In which year was the difference between Jyoti's and Arun's monthly income the second
highest?

(1) 2005
(2) 2006
(3) 2007
(4) 2009
(5) 2010

Solution. Difference in 2005 → 14 – 9 = 5

2006 → 18 – 10 = 8

2007 → 23 – 18 = 5

2008 → 27 – 21 = 6

2009 → 27 – 26 = 1

2010 → 35 – 26 = 9

Ans: 2

9. The monthly income of Suman in the year 2009 was approximately what percentage of the
monthly income of Jyoti in the year 2010?

(1) 72
(2) 89
(3) 83
(4) 67
(5) 95

Solution. Monthly income of Suman in 2009 = 29000

Monthly income of Jyoti in 2010 = 35000

Ans: 3

241 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

10. What was the percentage increase in the monthly income of Jyoti in the year 2008 as
compared to the previous year?

(1) 50
(2) 150
(3) 160
(4) 60
(5) None of these

Solution.

Ans: 1

242 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Practice Set (Data Interpretation-Bar Graphs)

Directions (Q. 1-5): Study the following graph carefully to answer the questions that follow:
(Corporation Bank PO 2011)

1. What is the percentage increase in the number of runs scored by Team B in Match 4 as
compared to that in the previous match (Match 3)?

(1) 40
(2) 30
(3) 20
(4) 25
(5) None of these

243 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

2. What is the ratio of the number of runs scored by Team A in Match 2 to the number of runs
scored by Team C in Match 6?

(1) 5:4
(2) 2:5
(3) 2:3
(4) 3:4
(5) None of these

3. What is the average number of runs scored by Team B in all the matches together?

(1) 250
(2) 275
(3) 200
(4) 300
(5) 225

4. The number of runs scored by all the teams together in Match 3 is approximately what
percentage of the total runs scored by Team C in all the matches together?

(1) 37
(2) 57
(3) 52
(4) 47
(5) 42

5. In which match is the total runs scored by all the teams together the second highest?

(1) Match 2 only

(2) Match 6 only
(3) Match 4 only
(4) Both Match 2 and Match 6
(5) Both Match 2 and Match 4

244 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Directions (Q. 6-10): Study the given graph carefully to answer the questions that follow:

6. What is the average number of people using mobile service M for all the years together?

1) 16

2) 14444

3) 16666

4) 14

5) None of these

7. The total number of people using all the three mobile services in the year 2007 is what per
cent of the total number of people using all the three mobile services in the year 2008?
(rounded off to two digits after decimal)

1) 89.72
2) 93.46
3) 88.18

245 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 4) 91.67
5) None of these

8. The number of people using mobile service N in the year 2006 forms a proximately what
per cent of the total number of people using all the three mobile services in that year?

1) 18
2) 26
3) 11
4) 23
5) 29

9. What is the ratio of the number of people using mobile service L in the year 2005 to that of
those using the same service in the year 2004?

1) 8: 7
2) 3:2
3) 19: 13
4) 15: 11
5) None of these

10. What is the total number of people using mobile service M in the years 2008 and 2009
together?

1) 35,000
2) 30,000
3) 45,000
4) 25,000
5) None of these

246 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Data Interpretation-Bar Graphs Practice Set (Answers)

1) 3
2) 3
3) 1
4) 5
5) 4
6) 5
7) 4
8) 1
9) 2
10) 3

247 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Chapter: Data Interpretation-Pie Diagram
In a pie chart, the values of different components of a frequency distribution are represented
by the sectors of a circle. These sectors are so constructed that the area of each sector is
proportional to the corresponding value of the component.

Since the sum of all the central angles is 360 degrees, we have

Central angle of a component = degrees

Example: The following pie diagram shows the expenditure incurred on the preparation of a
book by a publisher, under various heads.

A: Paper 20, B: Printing 25%, C: Binding, Canvassing, Designing etc 30%

D: Miscellaneous 10% E: Royalty 15%

Study the diagram carefully and answer the questions 1-5:

1) What is the angle of pie diagram showing the expenditure incurred on paying the
royalty?
(a) 15 degrees
(b) 24 degrees
(c) 48 degrees
(d) 54 degrees

248 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 2) The marked price of a book is 20% more than the C.P. If the marked price of the book be
Rs 30, what is the cost of paper used in a single copy of the book?
(a) Rs. 6
(b) Rs. 5
(c) Rs 4.50
(d) Rs 6.50
3) Which two expenditures together will form an angle of 108 degrees at the centre of the
pie diagram:
(a) A and E
(b) B and E
(c) A and D
(d) D and E
4) If the difference between two expenditures be represented by 18 degrees in the pie-
diagram, these expenditures are :
(a) B and E
(b) A and C
(c) B and D
(d) none of these

Answers:
1) (d) Angle representing royalty D = (15×360/100)degrees = 54 degrees
2) (b) C.P. of a book = Rs ( 100×30/120) = Rs 25
Cost of paper = Rs (20×25/100) = Rs 5

3) (c) angle A = (20×360/100)degrees =72 degrees

Angle B = (25×360/100) degrees = 90 degrees
Angle C = (30×360/100)degrees = 108 degrees
Angle D = (10×360/100) degrees = 36 degrees
Angle E = (15×360/100) degrees = 54 degrees
Thus, A and D together will form an angle of 108 degrees.
4) (d) These expenditures are A and B; Band C; D and E; and A and E.

249 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Solved Examples (Data Interpretation-Pie Diagram)

Direction (Q. 1-5): Study the following pie-chart and answer the questions given below:

Preferences of students among six beverages in terms of degree of angle in the pie-chart

Total No. of students = 6800

1. What is the difference between the total number of students who prefer Beverage A and C
together and the total number of students who prefer beverage D and F together?

(1) 959
(2) 955
(3) 952
(4) 954
(5) None of these

Solution: Difference of corresponding angles

= (122.4 + 21.6)0 - (79.2 + 14.4)0 = 50.40

required difference = x 6800 = 952

Ans: 3

250 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

2. What is the ratio of the number of students who prefer beverage F and the number of
students who prefer beverage A?

(1) 3: 11
(2) 3: 13
(3) 6: 11
(4) 5: 11
(5) None of these

Solution: Required Ratio = 21.6: 79.2 = 3: 11

Ans: 1

3. The number of student who prefer beverage E and F together is what per cent of the total
of student?

(1) 18
(2) 14
(3) 26
(4) 24
(5) None of these

Solution: Required percentage = ( ) × 100 =24%

Ans: 4

4. The number of students who prefer beverage C are approximately what percent of the
number of students who prefer Beverage D?

(1) 7
(2) 12
(3) 18
(4) 22
(5) 29

Solution: Required percentage = × 100 = 11.76 12%

Ans: 2

5. How many students prefer beverage B and beverage E together?

(1) 2312
(2) 2313
(3) 2315
(4) 2318
251 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude
(5) None of these

Solution: Number of students who prefer beverages B and E together

= × 68000 = = 2312

Ans: 1

Directions (Q. 6-10): Study the following pie-chart and answer the following questions. (IBPS
RRB Group ‘A’ Officers Exam 2012)

Percentagewise distribution of teachers in six different universities.

Total number of teachers = 6400

6. The number of teachers in University B is approximately what per cent of the total number
of teachers in University D and University E together?

(1) 55
(2) 59
(3) 49
(4) 45
(5) 65

Solution: Number of teachers in University B

252 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Number of teachers in University D

Number of teachers in University E

∴ Required percentage

Ans: 3

7. If twenty five per cent of the teachers in University C are females, what is the number of
male teachers in University C?

(1) 922
(2) 911
(3) 924
(4) 912
(5) None of these

Solution: Number of teachers in University C

Number of female teachers in University C

Number of male teachers in University C

= 1216 – 304 = 912

Ans: 4

8. The difference between the total number of teachers in University A, University B and
University C together and the total number of teachers in University D, University E and
University F together is exactly equal to the number of teachers of which University?

(1) University A
(2) University B
(3) University C
(4) University D

253 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

(5) University F

Solution: Number of teachers in University A

Number of teachers in University B

Number of teachers in University C

Number of teachers in University D

Number of teachers in University E

Number of teachers in University F

∴ Difference = 3392 – 3008 = 384

Quicker method:

Difference = (D + E + F)% – (A + B + C)%

= (53 – 47) = 6%

6% of 6400 = 384

Hence, University of D is equal to 6%.

Ans: 4

9. If one-thirty sixth of the teachers from University F are professors and the salary of each
professor is Rs. 96000, what will be the total salary of all the professors together from
University F?

(1) Rs. 307.2 lakh

(2) Rs. 32.64 lakh
(3) Rs. 3.072 lakh
(4) Rs. 3.264 lakh
(5) None of these

Solution: Number of teachers in University F

254 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Number of professors in University F

∴ Total Salary of professors in University F

= 32 ⤬ 96000 = 30.72 lakh

Ans: 5

10. What is the average number of teachers in University A, University C, University D and
University F together?

(1) 854
(2) 3546
(3) 3456
(4) 874
(5) None of these

Solution: Average

Ans: 5

255 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Practice Set (Data Interpretation-Pie Diagram)

Directions (1-5): Study the following pie-charts carefully and answer the questions given
below:
Discipline-wise Breakup of the Number of candidates appeared in Interview and Discipline-
wise Break up of the Number of candidates selected by an organisation

Discipline-wise Breakup of Number of candidates appeared in Interview

Total Number of Candidates Appeared

In the Interview = 25780
Percentage Distribution

Discipline-wise Break-up of Number of candidates selected after Interview by the organization

Total Number of Candidates selected

After Interview = 7390
Percentage Distribution

256 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

1. What was the ratio of the number of candidates appeared . in interview from other
disciplines and the number of candidates selected from Engineering discipline respectively
(rounded off to the nearest integer)?

1) 3609: 813
2) 3094: 813
3) 3094: 1035
4) 4125: 1035
5) 3981: 767

2. The total number of candidates appeared in interview from Management and other
discipline was what percentage of number of candidates appeared from Engineering
discipline?

1) 50
2) 150
3) 200
4) Cannot be determined
5) None of these

3. Approximately what was the difference between the number of candidates selected from
Agriculture discipline and number of candidates selected from Engineering discipline?

1) 517
2) 665
3) 346
4) 813
5) 296

4. For which discipline was the difference in number of candidates selected to number of
candidates appeared in interview the maximum?

1) Management
2) Engineering
3) Science
4) Agriculture
5) None of these

5. Approximately what was the total number of candidates selected from Commerce and
Agricultural discipline together?

1) 1700
257 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude
 2) 1800
3) 2217
4) 1996
5) 1550

Directions (Q.6-10): Study the following pie-chart carefully to answer these questions.
(Central Bank of India (PO) 2010)

Percentagewise Distribution of teachers who teach six different subjects

Total number of Teachers = 1800
Percentage of teachers

6. If two-ninths of the teachers who teach Physics are female, then the number of male
Physics teachers is approximately what percentage of the total number of teachers who
teach Chemistry?

1) 57

2) 42

3) 63

4) 69

5) 51

7. What is the total number of teachers teaching Chemistry, English and Biology?

1) 1, 226

258 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

2) 1, 116

3) 1, 176

4) 998

5) None of these

8. What is the difference between the total number of teachers who teach English and
Physics together and the total number of teachers who teach Mathematics and Biology
together?

1) 352

2) 342

3) 643

4) 653

5) None of these

9. What is the ratio of the number of teachers who teach Mathematics to the number of
teachers who teach Hindi?

1) 13:7

2) 7:13

3) 7: 26

4) 8: 15

5) None of these

10. If the percentage of Mathematics teachers is increased by 50 per cent and the percentage
of Hindi teachers decreased by 25 per cent then what will be the total number of
Mathematics and Hindi teachers together?

1) 390

2) 379

3) 459

4) 480

5) None of these

259 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Direction (Q. 11 – 15): Study the given pie-charts carefully and answer the questions that
follow:

Discipline-wise breakup of the number of candidates appeared in Interview and Discipline-wise

breakup of the candidates selected by and organisation.

Total number of candidates appeared in the interview = 25,600 and total number of
candidates selected after interview = 7,500.

11. What was the ratio of the number of candidates appeared in interview from other
disciplines and the number of candidates selected from art disciplines?

(a) 256 : 125

(b) 125 : 256

(c) 125 : 216

(d) Cannot be determined

(e) None of these

12. The total number of candidates appeared in interview from Management and Art
disciplines was what per cent of the number of candidates from Engineering discipline?

(a) 66.67

260 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 (b) 75

(c) 80

(d) 120

(e) 150

13. What was the difference between the number of candidates selected from Science
discipline and the number of candidates selected from Commerce discipline?

(a) 1,000

(b) 1,100

(c) 1,200

(d) 1,250

(e) None of these

14. From which discipline was the difference in number of candidates selected to number of
candidates appeared in interview the maximum?

(a) Management

(b) Engineering

(c) Commerce

(d) Science

(e) Art

15. What was the total number of candidates selected from Commerce and Art discipline
together?

(a) 1,800

(b) 1,950

(c) 2,100

(d) 2,250

(e) 2,400
261 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude
 Data Interpretation- Pie Diagram Practice Set (Answers)

1. 2 9. 5
2. 2 10. 3
3. 5 11. a
4. 3 12. e
5. 1 13. c
6. 1 14. d
7. 2 15. b
8. 2

262 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Chapter: Data Interpretation-Case lets
Direction for questions 1 to 5: Answer these questions on the basis of the following
information.

Shekhar bought 10 acres of land for Rs.250000 in 2011. That year he cultivated Sugarcane and
Soya bean in the 10 acres with the ratio of area under Sugarcane and Soya bean being 5:4. The
profit obtained from Sugarcane and Soya bean was in the ratio 3:2 with the total profit being
Rs.58500. This was 15% of the amount he invested in cultivation that year. The next year he
again cultivated Sugarcane and Soya bean, with the areas being same as before and reaped a
profit of Rs.66000 in total with that from Sugarcane and Soya bean being in the ratio 8:7 but his
return on his investment that year was only 14%.

1. What is the amount invested by Shekhar for cultivation in 2011?

(a) Rs.356000

(b) Rs.374800

(c) Rs.380000

(d) Rs. 390000

Solution: (d) Shekhar had a profit of Rs.58500 and this profit was 15% of the money he
invested, his investment was

2. What is the profit obtained by Shekhar by cultivating Sugarcane in 2011?

(a) Rs.43800

(b) Rs.35100

(c) Rs.36200

(d) None of these

Solution: (b)

The profit obtained by Shekhar by cultivating Sugarcane in 2012 =

263 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

3. What is the profit obtained by cultivating Soya bean in 2012?

(a) Rs.30800

(b) Rs.36100

(c) Rs.24200

(d) None of these

Solution: (a)

The profit obtained by cultivating Soya bean in 2012 =

4. What is the ratio of the profit obtained from Sugarcane and Soya bean in the two years
together?

(a) 89 : 79

(b) 167 : 211

(c) 703 : 542

(d) None of these

Solution: (c)

The profit obtained in 2011 from Sugarcane = Rs.35100

The profit obtained in 2012 from Sugarcane = 66000 - 30800 = Rs.35200

Total profit from Sugarcane = Rs.70300

Total profit in the two years = Rs.58500 + Rs.66000 = Rs.124500

Therefore, Profit from Soya bean Rs.54200.

Now, the required ratio = 70300: 54200 = 703 : 542.

264 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

5. What is the approximate amount invested by Shekhar for cultivation in 2012?

(a) Rs.428500

(b) Rs.471400

(c) Rs.495300

(d) Rs.518650

Solution: (b) Here the profit of 66,000 is 14% of the amount invested, therefore, the invested =

265 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Solved Examples (Data Interpretation-Caselets)

Directions: (1-5) Study the following information and answer the questions that follow: (IBPS
CWE PO MT 2012)
The premises of a bank are to be renovated. The renovation is in terms of flooring. Certain
areas are to be floored either with marble or wood. All rooms/halls and pantry are rectangular.
The area to be renovated comprises of a hall for customer transaction measuring 23 m by 29 m,
branch manager’s room measuring 13 m by 17 m, a pantry measuring 14 m by 13 m, a record
keeping cum server room measuring 21 m by 13 m and locker area measuring 29 m by 21 m.
The total area of the bank is 2000 square meters. The cost of wooden flooring is f 170/- per
square meter and the cost of marble flooring is Rs. 190/- per square meter. The locker area,
record keeping cum server room and pantry are to be floored with marble. The branch
manager's room and the hall for customer transaction are to be floored with wood. No other
area is to be renovated in terms of flooring.

1. What is the respective ratio of the total cost of wood en flooring to the total cost of marble
flooring?

(1) 1879: 2527

(2) 1887: 2386
(3) 1887: 2527
(4) 1829: 2527
(5) 1887: 2351

Solution: Total flooring area with marble

= locker area + record keeping + pantry
= 182+273 +609 = 1064 sqm
Cost of flooring = 1064 190
Total flooring area with wooden
= Branch Manager room + Hall
= 221 + 667 = 888 sqm
Cost of flooring = 888 170
Ratio= 888 170: 1064 190
= 888 17: 1064 19
= 15096 : 20216
= 1887: 2527

Ans: 3

266 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

2. If the four walls and ceiling of the branch manager’s room (The height of the room is 12
meters) are to be painted at the cost off 190/- per square meter, how much will be the total
cost of renovation of the branch manager's room including the cost of flooring?

(1) Rs. 1, 36,800/-

(2) Rs. 2, 16,660/-
(3) Rs. 1, 78,790/-
(4) Rs. 2, 11,940/-
(5) None of these

Solution: Cost of flooring of branch manager room

=221 170= Rs. 37570
Cost of painting
= [2(17 12+ 13 12)+ 13 x 17] 190
= [2( 204 + 156) + 221] 190= (2 360 + 221) 190
= (720 + 221) 190 = 941 190 = Rs. 178790
Total cost = 178790 + 31570 = Rs.216360

Ans: (5)

3. If the remaining area of the bank is to be carpeted at the rate of Rs. 110/- per square
meter, how much will be the increment in the total cost of renovation of bank premises?

(1) Rs. 5,820/-

(2) Rs. 4,848/-
(3) Rs. 3,689/-
(4) Rs. 6,890/-
(5) None of these

Solution: Total area of bank = 2000 sqm

Total flooring area = 1952 sqm
Remaining area = 2000 - 1952 = 48 sqm
Cost of carpeting = 48 110 = Rs.5280

Ans: (5)

4. What is the percentage area of the bank that is not to be renovated?

(1) 2.2 %
(2) 2.4 %
(3) 4.2 %
(4) 4.4 %
267 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude
(5) None of these

Solution: Area not to be renovated = 48 sq m

Reqd % = l00 = 2.4%

Ans: 2

5. What is the total cost of renovation of the hall for customer transaction and the locker
area?

(1) Rs. 2, 29,100

(2) Rs. 2, 30,206
(3) Rs. 2, 16,920
(4) Rs. 2, 42,440
(5) None of these

Solution: Cost of renovation of hall + locker area

= 667 170 + 609 190
= 113390 + 115710= Rs. 229100

Ans: (1)

Directions (Q. 6 – 10): Study the given information carefully to answer the questions that
follow:

An organization consists of 3500 employees working in different departments, viz HR,

Marketing, IT, Production and Accounts. The ratio of male to female employees in the
organisation is 3 : 2. 8% of the males work in the HR department. 22% of the female work in the
account department. The ratio of males to females working in the HR department is 3 : 5. One-
seventh of the females work in the IT department. 46% of the males work in the Production
department. The number of females is one-sixth of the males working in the same. The
remaining females work in the Marketing department. The total number of employees working
in the IT department is 375. 22% of the males work in the Marketing department and remaining
work in the Account department.

6. The number of males working in the Account department forms approximately what per
cent of the total number of males in the organisation?
(a) 6
(b) 8
(c) 10

268 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 (d) 11
(e) 12
Answer: (a)
7. How many females work in Production department?
(a) 140
(b) 200
(c) 180
(d) 160
(e) None of these
Answer: (e)
8. The total number of employees working in the Account department forms approximately
what per cent of the total number of female employees in the organisation?
(a) 28
(b) 32
(c) 29
(d) 31
(e) 30
Answer: (d)
9. The ratio of the numbers of females working in IT department to the numbers of males
working in the same department is
(a) 15 : 8
(b) 1 : 2
(c) 8 : 15
(d) 2 : 1
(e) 7 : 11
Answer: (c)
10. What is the total number of employees working in the Marketing and Production
departments together?
(a) 1900
(b) 2040
(c) 2020
(d) 2031
(e) 2042
Answer:(b)

269 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 PracticeSet-(Data Interpretation- Caselets)

Directions (Q. 1-5): Study the information 3. The number of televisions produced is
carefully to answer the questions that approximately what per cent of the total
follow. number of calculators and washing
A company produced five different machines produced together?
products, viz mobile phone, pen drive,
(1) 63
calculator, television and washing
machine. The total number of all the five (2) 55
products is 1650.24% of the total number (3) 59
of products is mobile phones. One-sixth of (4) 51
the total number of products is pen drives. (5) 67
14% of the total number of products is
calculators. Remaining products are either 4. What is the difference between the total
television or washing machine. The number of televisions and mobile phones
number of washing machines is 50 more together and the number of calculators
than the number of televisions produced.
produced?
(IBPS RRB Grade Officer Exam 2012)
(1) 534
1. What is the ratio of the number of (2) 524
washing machines to the number of (3) 511
calculators produced by the company? (4) 523
(1) 17:11 (5) None of these
(2) 19:11
5. What is the total number of pen drives,
(3) 11:17
calculators and washing machines produced
(4) 19: 13
by the company?
(5) None of these
(1) 907
2. If 24 per cent of the pen drives are (2) 917
defective, what is the number of pen (3) 925
drives which are not defective? (4) 905
(5) None of these
(1) 209
(2) 215
(3) 219
(4) 225
(5) None of these
270 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude
Directions (Q. 6-10): Study the following (3) 435
information carefully to answer the (4) 445
questions that follow: (RBI Grade’B’ (5) None of these
Officer’s Exam 2011)
8. What is the difference between the
There are two trains, Train A and Train B. number of passengers in the AC Coach of
Both trains have four different types of Train A and the total number of passengers
coaches, viz General, Sleeper, First Class in Sleeper and First Class Coach together of
and AC. In Train A, there are total 700 Train B?
passengers. Train B has thirty per cent
more passengers than Train A. Twenty per (1) 199
cent of the passengers of Train A are in (2) 178
General Coach. One-fourth of the total (3) 187
number of passengers of Train A are in AC (4) 179
coach. Twenty three per cent of the (5) None of these
passengers of Train A are in Sleeper Coach. 9. The total number of passengers in
Remaining passengers of Train A are in General Coaches of both the trains
First Class Coach. The total number of together is approximately what percentage
passengers in AC Coach in both the trains of the total number of passengers in Train
together is 480. Thirty per cent of the B?
number of passengers of Train B are in
Sleeper Coach. Ten per cent of the total (1) 35
passengers of Train B are in First Class (2) 42
Coach. The remaining passengers of Train (3) 46
B are in General Coach. (4) 38
(5) 31
6. What is the ratio of the number of
passengers in First Class Coach of Train A 10. If the cost per ticket of First Class coach
to the number of passengers in Sleeper is Rs.450, what will be the total amount
Coach of Train B? generated from First Class Coach of Train
A?
(1) 13 : 7
(2) 7 : 13 (1) Rs.1, 00, 080
(3) 32 : 39 (2) Rs.1, 08, 000
(4) Data Inadequate (3) Rs.1, 00, 800
(5) None of these (4) Rs.10, 800
(5) None of these
7. What is the total number of passengers
in the General Coach of Train A and the AC
Coach of Train B together?

(1) 449
(2) 459

271 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Directions (Q. 11-15): Study the (2) Rs. 21,68,400
information carefully to answer the (3) Rs. 2,16,48,000
questions that follow: (4) Rs. 2,16,840
A company produces five different (5) None of these
products, viz Television, Refrigerator,
14. What is the difference between the
Mobile Phone, Oven and Water Heater.
number of Refrigerators and the number
The total number of all the five products
of Mobile Phones manufactured?
manufactured is 1200. 15 per cent of the
total number of products are Televisions. (1) 160
Three-tenths of the total number of
(2) 140
products are Refrigerators. The number of
(3) 120
Mobile Phones manufactured is 40 more
than the number of Televisions. 22 per (4) 130
cent of the total number of products is (5) None of these
Oven and the remaining number of
products is Water Heaters. (Corporation 15. If 25 per cent of the number of Ovens
Bank PO 2011) are defective, what is the number of non-
defective Ovens?
11. What is the total number of
(1) 176
Refrigerators and Water Heaters?
(2) 188
(1) 436 (3) 198
(2) 476 (4) 186
(3) 576 (5) None of these
(4) 536
(5) None of these

12. The number of Mobile Phones is

approximately what per cent of the
number of Televisions?
(1) 115
(2) 140
(3) 135
(4) 130
(5) 120

13. If the cost of one Oven is Rs. 8,200,

what is the cost of all the Ovens
manufactured by the company?

(1) Rs. 2,16,480

272 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude
Directions-(Q. 16-20): Study the (1) 111
information carefully to answer the (2) 115
questions that follows: (3) 120
(4) 125
In a ship there are 1200 passengers. 18 per (5) 131
cent of the total number of passengers is
from Britain. Two- fifth of the total number 18. What is the average number of male
of passengers is from South Africa 6 per passengers from all the four countries?
cent of the total number of passengers is
from Madagascar. Remaining number of (1) 154.5
passengers is from India. 25 per cent of the (2) 164.5
number of passengers from Britain is (3) 145
females. Half the numbers of passengers (4) 164
from South Africa are male. There is no (5) None of these
female passenger from Madagascar. Two- 19. What is the difference between the
third of the number of passengers from number of male passengers from
India are females. (Allahabad Bank Madagascar and the number of male
Probationary Officers Exam 2011) passengers from India?
16. What is the ratio of the number of
passengers from Madagascar, number of (1) 64
female passengers from South Africa and (2) 82
the total number of passengers from (3) 74
India? (4) 72
(1) 2: 5 : 18 (5) None of these
(2) 3: 10 : 18 20. What is the total number of male from
(3) 3: 11 : 18 Britain passengers’ female passengers
(4) 2: 18 : 5 from India together?
(5) None of these
(1) 340
17. The number of male passengers from (2) 420
South Africa is approximately what (3) 350
percentage of the total number of (4) 460
passengers from Britain? (5) None of these

273 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Data Interpretation-Caselets Practice Set (Answers)

1) 2 11) 4
2) 1 12) 5
3) 2 13) 5
4) 5 14) 2
5) 4 15) 3
6) 3 16) 2
7) 4 17) 1
8) 5 18) 1
9) 2 19) 4
10) 3 20) 5

274 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Solved Examples (Data Interpretation-Miscellaneous)

Directions: (1-5) Study the following graph and table carefully and answer the questions given
below:

Time Taken To Travel (In Hours) By Six Vehicles On Two Different Days

Distance covered (in kilometers) by six vehicles on each day

(IBPS CWE PO MT 2012)

1. Which of the following vehicles travelled at the same speed on both the days?

(1) Vehicle A
(2) Vehicle C
(3) Vehicle F
275 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude
(4) Vehicle B
(5) None of these

Solution: The speed of Vehicle B on both the days is 43 km/hr.

Ans: (4)

2. What was the difference between the speed of vehicle A on day 1 and the speed of vehicle
C on the same day?

(1) 7 km/hr
(2) 12 km/hr
(3) 11 km/hr
(4) 8 km/hr
(5) None of these

Solution: Speed of A on 1st day = 52 km/hr

Speed of C on 1st day = 63 km/hr
Difference = 65 - 52 = 11 km/hr

Ans: 2

3. What was the speed of vehicle C on day 2 in terms of meters per second?

(1) 15.3
(2) 12.8
(3) 11.5
(4) 13.8
(5) None of these

Solution: Speed of Vehicle C on 2nd day = 45 km/hr

= 45 × = 2.5 × 5 = 12.5 m/sec

Ans: (5)

4. The distance travelled by vehicle F on day 2 was approximately what percent of the
distance travelled by it on day 1?

(1) 80
(2) 65
(3) 85

276 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

(4) 95
(5) 90

Solution: Reqd % = 100 = 90.46 90%

Ans: (5)

5. What is the respective ratio between the speeds of vehicle 0 and vehicle E on day 2?

(1) 15: 13
(2) 17: 13
(3) 13: 11
(4) 17: 14
(5) None of these

Solution: Reqd Ratio =

= = = 17:13
Ans: (2)

277 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Directions (6-10) Study the following pie-chart and table carefully and answer the questions
given below:
Percentagewise distribution of the number of mobile phones sold a shopkeeper during six
months
Total number of mobile phones sold = 45000

The respective ratio between the numbers of mobile phones sold of company A and company
B during six months

6. What is the respective ratio between the number of mobile phones sold of company B
during July and those sold during December of the same company?

(1) 119: 145

(2) 116: 135
(3) 119: 135
(4) 119: 130
(5) None of these

Solution: Total number of mobiles sold in the month of July

278 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

= 45000 = 7650
Mobile phones sold by Company B in the month of
July = 7650 = 3570
Total number of mobile phones sold in the month of
December = 45000 = 7200
Mobile phones sold by Company B in the month of
December = 7200 = 4050

Reqd ratio = = = = 119: 135

Ans: (3)

7. If 35% of the mobile phones sold by company A during November were sold at a discount,
how many mobile phones of company A during that month were sold without a discount?

(1) 882
(2) 1635
(3) 1638
(4) 885
(5) None of these

Solution: Number of mobile phones sold in the month of

November = 45000 = 5400
Number of mobile phones sold by Company A in
the month of November = 5400 = 2520
Number of mobile phones without discount in the month of November by Company A
= 2520 = 2520 0.65 = 1638
Ans: 3

8. If the shopkeeper earned a profit of Rs. 433/- on each mobile phone sold of company B
during October, what was his total profit earned on the mobile phones of that company
during the same month?

(1) Rs. 6,49,900

(2) Rs. 6,45,900
(3) Rs. 6,49,400
(4) Rs 6,49,500
(5) None of these

279 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Solution: Number of mobile phones sold in the month of
October = 45000 = 3600
Number of mobile phones sold by Company B in
the month of October = 3600 = 1500
Total profit earned by Company B in the month
of October = 1500 433 = 649500

Ans: (4)

9. The number of mobile phones sold of company A during July is approximately what
percent of the number of mobile phones sold of company A during December?

(1) 110
(2) 140
(3) 150
(4) 105
(5) 130

Solution: Number of mobile phones sold in the month of July

= 45000 = 7650
Number of mobile phones sold by Company A in
the month of July = 7650 = 4080
Number of mobile phones sold in the month of
December = 45000 = 7200
Number of mobile phones sold by Company A in
the month of December = 7200 = 3150
Reqd % = = 129.52 130

Ans: (5)

10. What is the total number of mobile phones sold of company B during August and
September together?

(1) 10000
(2) 15000
(3) 10500
(4) 9500
(5) None of these

280 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Solution: Number of mobile phones sold in the month of
August = 45000=9900
Number of mobile phones sold in the month of
September = 45000 = 45000 = 11250
Number of mobile phones sold by Company B in
the month of August
= 9900 = 5500
Number of mobile phones sold by Company B in
September= 11250 = 4500
Total number of mobile phones sold in August and
September by Company B
= 5500+4500= 10000

Quicker Method:

Total number of mobile phones sold by Company B in August and September .

= 10000

Ans: (1)

281 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Directions: (11-15) Study the following information and answer the questions that follow:
The graph given below represents the production (in tonnes) and sales (in tonnes) of
company a from 2006-2011.

The table given below represents the respective ratio of the production (in tonnes) of Company
A to the production (in tonnes) of Company B, and the respective ratio of the sales (in tonnes)
of Company A to the sales (in tonnes) of Company B.

11. What is the approximate percentage increase in the production of Company A (in tonnes)
from the year 2009 to the production of Company A (in tonnes) in the year 2010?

(1) 18%
(2) 38%
(3) 23%
(4) 27%
(5) 32%
Solution: Production of Company A in year 2009 = 550
Production of Company A in year 2010 = 700

282 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Reqd % = 100 = 100

= = 27.27 27%

Ans: (4)

12. The sale of Company A in the year 2009 was approximately what percent of the
production of Company A in the same year?

(1) 65%
(2) 73%
(3) 79%
(4) 83%
(5) 69%

Solution: Sales of Company A in year 2009 = 400

Production of Company A in year 2009 = 550

Reqd % = 100 = = 72.72 73%

Ans: (2)

13. What is the average production of Company B (in tonnes) from the year 2006 to the year
2011?

(1) 574
(2) 649
(3) 675
(4) 593
(5) 618

Solution: Average production of Company B

= = 675
Ans: (3)

283 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

14. What is the respective ratio of the total ‘production (in tonnes) of Company A to the total
sales (in tonnes) of Company A?

(1) 81: 64
(2) 64: 55
(3) 71: 81
(4) 71: 55
(5) 81: 55

Solution:
= = = 81: 55

Ans: (5)

15. What is the respective ratio of production of Company B (in tonnes) in the year 2006 to
production of Company B (in tonnes) in the year 2008?

(1) 2: 5
(2) 4: 5
(3) 3: 4
(4) 3: 5
(5) 1: 4

Solution: Production of Company B in the year 2006

= 150 = 600
Production of Company B in the year 2008
= 200
Ratio = = 3: 4
Ans: (3)

284 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Practice Set (Data Interpretation-Miscellaneous)

Directions (Q. 1-5): Study the radar-graph carefully and answer the questions that follow.

Monthly salary (in thousands) of five different persons in three different years (RBI Grade’B’
Officer’s Exam 2011)

1. What is the average of the monthly salary of Sumit in the year 2008, Anil in the year 2009
and Jyoti in the year 2010?

(1) Rs.20, 000

(2) Rs.5, 000
(3) Rs.45, 000
(4) Rs.15, 000
(5) None of these

2. The total monthly salary of Arvind in all years together is what per cent of the total
monthly salary of all the five persons together in the year 2008?

(1) 55%
(2) 60%
(3) 75%
(4) 70%
(5) None of these

285 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

3. Among the five persons, whose earning per month over all the years together is the second
lowest?

(2) Sumit
(3) Anil
(4) Jyoti
(5) Arvind
(6) Poonam

4. What is the per cent decrease in the monthly salary of Poonam in the year 2009 as
compared to her monthly salary in the previous year?

(1) 40%
(2) 10%
(3) 20%
(4) 80%
(5) None of these

5. If Jyoti's monthly salary in the year 2010 was increased by 30 per cent what would her
monthly salary be in that year?

(1) Rs.36, 000

(2) Rs.39, 000
(3) Rs.45, 000
(4) Rs.42, 000
(5) None of these

286 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Directions (Q. 6-10): Study the following pie-chart and bar-graph and answer the following
questions. (Corporation Bank PO 2011)

Percentage wise distribution of teachers in six different districts

Total number of Teachers = 4500

Percentage of Teachers

287 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

6. What is the total number of male teachers in District F, female teachers in District C and
female teachers in District B together?

(1) 1080
(2) 1120
(3) 1180
(4) 1020
(5) None of these

7. The number of female teachers in District D is approximately what per cent of the total
number of teachers (both male and female) in District A?

(1) 70
(2) 75
(3) 80
(4) 95
(5) 90

8. In which district is the number of male teachers more than the number of female teachers?

(1) B only
(2) D only
(3) Both B and E
(4) Both E and F
(5) None

9. What is the difference between the number of female teachers in District F and the total
number of teachers (both male and female) in District E?

(1) 625
(2) 775
(3) 675
(4) 725
(5) None of these

10. What is the ratio of the number of male teachers in District C to the number of female
teachers in District B?

(1) 11 : 15
(2) 15 : 11
(3) 15 : 8
(4) 30 : 13
(5) None of these

288 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

Directions-(Q. 11-15) Study the following pie-chart and bar chart and answer the following
questions. (Allahabad Bank Probationary Officers Exam 2011)

Percentagewise Distribution of students in six different Schools

Total number of Students = 6000

Percentage of Students

Number of Boys out of the 6000 Students in each School Separately.

289 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

11. What is the sum of the number of girls in School C. Number of girls in School-E and the
number of boys in school-D together?

(1) 1700
(2) 1900
(3) 1600
(4) 1800
(5) None of these

12. What is the respective ratio of the number of boys in School-C, number of girls in School B
and total number of students in School E?

(1) 45: 7: 97
(2) 43: 9: 97
(3) 45: 7: 87
(4) 43: 9: 87
(5) None of these

13. What is the difference between the total number of students in School-P and the number
of boys in School E?

(1) 820
(2) 860
(3) 880
(4) 900
(5) None of these

14. In which school the total numbers of students (both boys and girls) together are equal to
the number of girls in School E?

(1) A
(2) B
(3) C
(4) D
(5) F

15. The Number of girls in School A is approximately what per cent of total number of
students in School B?
(1) 55
(2) 50
(3) 35
(4) 45
(5) 4

290 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

 Data Interpretation-Miscellaneous Practice Set
(Answers)

1 (1) 9 (2)

2 (2) 10 (3)

3 (4) 11 (4)
4 (4)
12 (3)
5 (2)
13 (5)
6 (1)
14 (2)
7 (5)
15 (5)
8 (3)

291 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude

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292 IBPS PO EXAM 2013 : Quantitative Aptitude