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    Week 4 - 3

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    1. A quadratic equation is an equation of the form ax2 + bx + c = 0, where a, b, c are real numbers and a ≠ 0. 2. If α and β are the roots, their sum is -b/a and their product is c/a. 3. The nature of the roots depends on whether b2 - 4ac is positive, zero, or negative. 4. To form a quadratic equation given its roots, the equation is x2 - (sum of roots)x + (product of roots) = 0.

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    Week 4 - 3

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    visiting mathematics
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    1. A quadratic equation is an equation of the form ax2 + bx + c = 0, where a, b, c are real numbers and a ≠ 0. 2. If α and β are the roots, their sum is -b/a and their product is c/a. 3. The nature of the roots depends on whether b2 - 4ac is positive, zero, or negative. 4. To form a quadratic equation given its roots, the equation is x2 - (sum of roots)x + (product of roots) = 0.

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    Week 4_3

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    1. A quadratic equation is an equation of the form ax2 + bx + c = 0, where a, b, c are real numbers and a ≠ 0. 2. If α and β are the roots, their sum is -b/a and their product is c/a. 3. The nature of the roots depends on whether b2 - 4ac is positive, zero, or negative. 4. To form a quadratic equation given its roots, the equation is x2 - (sum of roots)x + (product of roots) = 0.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    13 views4 pages

    Week 4 - 3

    Uploaded by

    visiting mathematics
    1. A quadratic equation is an equation of the form ax2 + bx + c = 0, where a, b, c are real numbers and a ≠ 0. 2. If α and β are the roots, their sum is -b/a and their product is c/a. 3. The nature of the roots depends on whether b2 - 4ac is positive, zero, or negative. 4. To form a quadratic equation given its roots, the equation is x2 - (sum of roots)x + (product of roots) = 0.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 4

    18

    Chapter 1 Quadratic Equations


    7 9
    Q2.(i) (ii)  (iii) - 12
    18 5
    7 3
    Q3.(i) K =10, roots = 6, 1 (ii)  ,   ; c = 21
    3 2
    b3  3abc b2  2ac b 3abc  b3 b b2  4ac
    Q4. (i) (ii) (iii)  (iv) (v)
    a3 c2 ac a 2c ac
    2 7
    Q5. - 27 Q7. Pr (p + r)+q3 = 3pqr Q8. K = - 14, roots are  ,
    3 3

    q 2  2pr q 2  4pr
    Q9. (i) (ii) (iii)
    p2 p2

    1.11 Formation of Quadratic Equation from the given roots :


    Let  ,  be the roots of the Equation ax2 + bx + c = 0
    b
    The sum of roots =      ……… (I)
    a
    c
    Product of roots =  .  ……… (II)
    a
    The equation is ax2 + bx + c = 0
    b c
    Divide this equation by a  x2  x+  0
    a a
     b c
    Or x 2     x+  0
     a a
    From I and II this equation becomes

    x2 - (  + β ) x +  β = 0

    Or x2 – (Sum of roots) x + Product of roots = 0

    Or x2 – (S) x + (P) = 0

    is the required equation, where S =    and P =  


    Alternate method:-
    Let  ,  be the roots of the equation a x2 + b x + c = 0
    i.e., x =  and x = β
     x-  = 0 and x - β = 0
     (x - ) ( x - β ) = 0

    x2 -  x - β x +  β = 0
    19
    Chapter 1 Quadratic Equations
    x2 - (  + β ) x +  β = 0

    Or x2 – (Sum of roots) x + Product of roots = 0

    Or x2 – S x + P = 0
    is the required equation, where S =    and P =  
    Example 4:
    Form a quadratic Equation whose roots are 3 5, 3 5
    Solution:
    Roots of the required Equation are 3 5 and 3 5
    Therefore S = Sum of roots = 3 5  3 5
    S=0
    P = Product of roots = (3 5)(3 5) = – 9 (5)
    P = – 45
    Required equation is
    x2 – (Sum of roots) x + (Product of roots) = 0
    Or x2 – Sx + P = 0
    x2 – 0(x) + (–45) = 0
    x2 – 0 – 45 = 0
    x2 – 45 = 0
    Example 5:
    If  ,  are the roots of the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0, find the equation whose
     
    roots are , .
     
    Solution:
    Because  ,  are the roots of the Equation ax2 + bx + c = 0
    b
    The sum of roots =     
    a
    b
    Product of roots =   
    a
     
    Roots of the required equation are ,
     
    Therefore ,
     
    S = sum of roots of required equation = +
     
    2  2
    = (   )2   2   2  2
    
    2
     b c
    (   ) 2  2    2
    = 
    a a
    =
     
    20
    Chapter 1 Quadratic Equations

    b 2 2c

    a 2
    a b 2  2ac a
    = = x
    c a2 c
    a
    b  2ac
    2
    S=
    ac
      
    P = Product of roots of required equation = . =
      
    P =1
    Required equation is: x2 – Sx + P = 0
     b 2  2ac 
    x  
    2
     x + 1 = 0
     ac 
    acx2 – (b2 – 2ac)x + ac = 0

    Exercise 1.4
    Q1. Form quadratic equations with the following given numbers as its roots.
    (i) 2, - 3 (ii) 3 +i , 3 – i (iii) 2+ 3, 2- 3

    (iv) 3+ 5,  3  5 (v) 4 + 5 i , 4  5i


    Q2. Find the quadratic equation with roots
    (i)Equal numerically but opposite in sign to those of the roots of the
    equation 3x2 + 5x – 7 = 0
    (ii)Twice the roots of the equation 5x2 + 3x + 2 = 0
    (iii)Exceeding by „2‟ than those of the roots of 4x2 + 5x + 6 = 0

    Q3. Form the quadratic equation whose roots are less by „1‟ than those of
    3x2 – 4x – 1 = 0

    Q4. Form the quadratic equation whose roots are the square of the roots of the
    equation 2x2 – 3x – 5 = 0

    Q5. Find the equation whose roots are reciprocal of the roots of the equation
    px2 – qx + r = 0

    Q6. If ,  are the roots of the equation x2 – 4x + 2 = 0 find the equation whose
    roots are
    1 1
    (i) α2 , β2 (ii) α3 , β3 (iii)  , 
     
    (iv) α + 2 ,β + 2
    21
    Chapter 1 Quadratic Equations
    Q7. If α , β are the roots of ax2 + bx + c = 0 form an equation whose roots are
       
    (i) , (ii) (iii) ,
       

    Answers 1.4
    Q1. (i) x2 + x – 6 = 0 (ii) x2 – 6x + 10 = 0
    (iii) x2 – 4x + 1 = 0 (iv) x2 + 6x + 4 = 0 (v) x2 - 5 x + 41 = 0
    Q2. (i) 3x2 – 5x – 7 = 0 (ii) 5x2 - 6x + 8 = 0
    (iii) 4x2 – 11x + 12 = 0
    Q3. 3x2 + 2x – 2 = 0 Q4 . 4x2 – 29x + 25 = 0
    Q5. rx2 – qx + p = 0 Q6. (i) x2 – 12x + 4 = 0 (ii) x2 – 40x + 8
    =0
    (iii) 2x2 – 12x + 17 = 0 (iv) x2 – 8x + 14 = 0
    Q7. (i) acx – (b – 2ac)x + ac = 0 (ii) a cx + (b3 – 3abc)x + ac2 = 0
    2 2 2 2

    (iii) cx2 – (2c – b)x + (a – b + c) = 0

    Summary
    Quadratic Equation:
    An equation of the form ax2 + bx + c = 0, a ≠ 0, where a, b , c  R and x is a
    variable, is called a quadratic equation.
    If  ,  are its roots then
    b+ b 2  4ac b  b 2  4ac
     ,
    2a 2a
    Nature of Roots:
    (i) If b2 – 4ac > 0 the roots are real and distinct.
    (ii) If b2 – 4ac = 0 the roots are real and equal.
    (iii) If b2 – 4ac < 0 the roots are imaginary.
    (iv) If b2 – 4ac is a perfect square, roots will be rational, otherwise irrational.
    Relation between Roots and Co-efficients
    If  and  be the roots of the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0
    -b
    Then sum of roots =    =
    a
    c
    Product of roots =  =
    a
    Formation of Equation
    If  and  be the roots of the equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 then we have
    x2 – (sum of roots)x + (product of roots) = 0

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