Scribd
Upload
15 views2 pages

Unit Ii.7

Uploaded by

R Màhá Lâkshmî
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
15 views2 pages

Unit Ii.7

Uploaded by

R Màhá Lâkshmî
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

WORK SAMPLING:

Work sampling is defined as:


"A technique in which a statistically competent number of instantaneous observations are taken,
over a period of time, of a group of machines, processes or workers. Each observation recorded
for a particular activity or delay is a measure of the percentage of time observed by the
occurrence."
Work sampling has three main applications
1. Activity and delay sampling: To measure the activities and delays of workers or machine.
E.g., the percentage of time in a day, a person is working and the percentage that a person is not
working.
2. Performance sampling: To measure working time and non-working time of a person on a
manual work, and to establish a performance index or performance level for a person during his
working time.
3. Work measurement: Under certain circumstances, to measure a manual task, that is, to
establish a time standard for an operation.
Procedure for Conducting a Work Sampling Study:
The following steps are involved in making sampling study:
1. Decide on the objective of the study: the duration of the study, number of observations, the
design study sheet and elemental breakdown depends upon the objective.
2. Obtain the approval of the supervisor of the department in which work study is to be
conducted.
3. Decide upon work and delay elements: Work and delay elements represent the headings
under which the observations are to be recorded.
4. Decide upon the duration of the study: The duration of study depends upon the objective,
number of observers, the accuracy desired and the frequency of occurrence of the activity.
5. Determine the desired accuracy of results: This may be stated as the standard error of a
percentage or desired accuracy. The confidence level is also to be stated.
6. Make a preliminary estimate of the percentage occurrence of the activity or delay to be
measured.
7. Design the study
(a) Determine number of observations to be made.
(b) Determine number of observers needed.
(c) Determine the number of days or shifts needed for the study.
(d) Make the detailed plans for taking observations.
(e) Design the observation form.
8. Make the observations according to the plan, analyse and summarise the data.
9. Check the accuracy or precision of the data at the end of the study
10. Prepare the report and state conclusions.

Advantages of Work Sampling Compared to Time Study:


1. Many operations or activities which are impractical or costly to measure by time study can be
measured by work sampling.
2. A simultaneous work sampling study of several operators or machines may be made by a
single observer.
3. It usually requires lesser man-hours and costs less to make a work sampling study instead of
making a continuous time study.

1
4. Observations may be taken over a period of days or weeks thus reducing the chances of day-
to-day variations affecting results.
5. Any interruption during study will not affect the-results.
6. Work sampling measurements may be made with a pre-assigned degree of reliability.
7. Work sampling studies are preferred to continuous time studies by the operators being
studied.
8. A stop watch is not needed for work sampling studies
9. Work sampling studies cause less fatigue and are less tedious.
Disadvantages of Work Sampling:
1. Work sampling is uneconomical for short cycle jobs.
2. It is also uneconomical for studying a single workman or even small group of workmen or
machines.
3. Time study permits a finer breakdown of activities and delays than is possible with work
sampling study.
4. Workman may change their normal pattern of working on seeing the observer, making the
sampling study of very little value.
5. Insufficient observations are likely to produce inaccurate results.
6. It does not normally account for speed of the operator.

You might also like