VIVA-Tech International Journal for Research and Innovation Volume 1, Issue 4 (2021)

ISSN(Online): 2581-7280 Article No. X

PP XX-XX
VIVA Institute of Technology
9th National Conference on Role of Engineers in Nation Building – 2021 (NCRENB-2021)

EARTHQUAKE RESISTANCE TECHNIQUE BY PTMD

(PENDULUM TUNED MASS DAMPER)
Shubham Shivdas Sawant, Ashpak Raheman Shaikh, Pratik Prakash Pawar,
Hiran Shrikant Sharma
(Bachelor of Engineering Department of Civil Engineering Mumbai University/Viva Institute of Technology
Mumbai-401 305)

Abstract : The objective of this thesis is to describe the design, construction, implementation and performance of a
prototype adaptive pendulum tuned mass damper (PTMD). Furthermore the thesis aims at demonstrating the
performance improvements obtained when the pendulum tuned mass damper (PTMD) parameters are optimized. The
study considers the effect of adjusting the PTMD tuned frequency and damping ratio on a two storey test structure
subjected to broadband and narrowband excitation. An analytical model of the PTMD for a single-degree-of-freedom
(SDOF) structure is used to demonstrate the performance improvements when the PTMD parameters are optimized.
The optimized model considers the effects of adjusting the frequency ratio, damping ratio, and mass ratio of the
combined system to reduce the maximum deflection dynamic vibration absorber when the structure is subjected to a
harmonic excitation force. The analytical model is used to simulate the optimal performance of the PTMD system. The
experimental PTMD is capable of identifying the structural vibration modes in real time and tuning to the desired
mode. The structural vibration control modes are identified by calculating the windowed power spectral density of the
structure’s acceleration, followed by peak-picking algorithm to identify the modal frequencies. Tuning is performed
by moving the pivot location of the pendulum arm via a tuning frame along a set of rails. The design also allows for
changes in the external dampening force. An adjustable damper is attached to the pendulum mass to allow for control
of the PTMD damping ratio.

Keywords: pendulum tuned mass damper, dynamic vibration absorber, mass ratio, vibration control, damping
ratio.

I. INTRODUCTION

The Wind-induced vibrations impose large demands on structural components and connections for tall structures.
Taller, lighter, and more slender modern construction is a consequence of the advances in structural materials, design
efficiencies and technologies. Tall structures are susceptible to vibrations due to their flexibility, lack of sufficient
inherent structural damping, and the larger wind loads these structures are subjected to due to their height. These
demands in many cases lead to considerable discomfort to the occupants, particularly at upper floors Since the
designer has little control over the wind loads, aside from optimization the shape of the structure, the available options
to minimize the vibrations include reducing the building’s flexibility or enhancing the vibrational dissipation capacity
through increased damping. The flexibility of a structure can be reduced by increasing its stiffness, using larger or a
greater number of structural components, resulting in structures with increased weight. Heavier structures consume
more materials, require increased construction effort and time, necessitate larger foundations, and are generally more
costly. Methods to increase damping in structures are an active area of research. The basic concept of damping is to
dissipate vibrational energy through heat, thus reducing the impact of the imposed forces on the structure. One method
of mitigating the effects of wind-induced vibrations is through the use of auxiliary damping devices, known as tuned
mass dampers TMD.

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www.viva-technology.org/New/IJRI
VIVA-Tech International Journal for Research and Innovation Volume 1, Issue 4 (2021)
ISSN(Online): 2581-7280 Article No. X
PP XX-XX
VIVA Institute of Technology
9th National Conference on Role of Engineers in Nation Building – 2021 (NCRENB-2021)
II. METHODOLOGY

2.1 Pendulum Tuned Mass Damper.

The problems associated with the bearings can be eliminated by supporting the mass with cables which allow
the system to behave as a pendulum. Shows a simple pendulum attached to a floor. Movement of the floor excites
the pendulum. The relative motion of the pendulum produces a horizontal force that opposes the floor motion. This
action can be represented by an equivalent SDOF system that is attached to the floor.

 The equation of motion for the horizontal direction is

T sinθ Wd g -- u ·· u ·· + ( ) + d = 0

 Where T is the tension in the cable

ud = Lsinθ ≈ Lθ

T=Wd

 The natural frequency of the pendulum is related to by

ωd 2 =keq/mg=g/L

 The natural period of the pendulum is

Td=2*22/7*(L/g)

III. TABLE

Table: Type of Structure of PTMD.

Sr. No. Name Type of Height No Location Year TMD

Structure Floo Completed
rs
1 CN Towet Tower 553m 75 Toronto. 1976 2PTMD
Canada Weight= 18
ton
2 Steel Chimney Chimney 90m - Bangkok. 1999 PTMD
Thailand Frequency=
0.8Hz.
Weight=
4ton
3 Aspire Tower Tower 300m 36 Doha, Qatar 2007 PTMD
Frequency=
0.22 Hz
Weight =
140 ton
4 ShenZhen Tower 198 m - ShenZhen, 2009 PTMD
WuTong China Weight= 10
Mountain Tower ton
5 Taipei 101 Tower 509.2 m 101 Taipei, 2004 PTMD
Taiwan Weight
=756 ton

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 VIVA-Tech International Journal for Research and Innovation Volume 1, Issue 4 (2021)
ISSN(Online): 2581-7280 Article No. X
PP XX-XX
VIVA Institute of Technology
9th National Conference on Role of Engineers in Nation Building – 2021 (NCRENB-2021)

IV. CONCLUSION

The PTMD presented here is a novel TMD system developed to provide the capability to autonomously tune to the
structural frequency while providing control of the external damping to the PTMD mass.

The objective of these tests was to demonstrate the performance improvements over various detuned conditions
when the structure is tuned to the structural natural frequency.

The narrowband tests revealed a 7.8% to 17.2% improvement in the measured top floor response when comparing
the tuned and off-tuned test conditions.

While the experiment results are certainly positive, they are meant to demonstrate the importance of optimizing the
TMD tuning parameters to reduce structural vibrations.

In comparison to passive TMD systems the PTMD will perform as well or better, depending on the disparity
between the optimal TMD tuning parameters and the calibrated TMD parameters.

Full size prototype PTMD testing would provide a more clear idea of the obstacles that may emerge if the existing
design is to be utilized in a real structure.

The ultimate goal in developing the PTMD is for the technology to become a superior alternative to existing
passive TMD technologies.

Acknowledgements

We are using this opportunity to express our gratitude to everyone who has supported us throughout the
completion of this project. We are thankful for their guidance, constructive criticism and friendly advice, during
the project work. We express our gratitude to Prof. Akshay Mistry for giving us an opportunity to carry out project
on “EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT TECHINQUE BY PTMD (PENDULUM TUNED MASS DAMPER)”.
We would also like to thank Dr. Arun Kumar, the Principal for their whole hearted support. Lastly, we express our
gratitude towards all those who directly or indirectly helped us in the completion studies.

REFERENCES
[1] Baker, W.F., Korista, S., and Novak, L.C., 2007. Burj Dubai: Engineering the World’s Tallest Building, The Structural
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[2] Brownjohn, J.M.W., Carden, E.P., Goddard, C.R., and Oudin, G., 2010. Real-Time Performance Monitoring of Tuned Mass
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[3] Carpineto, N., Lacarbonara, W., and Vestroni, F., 2010. Mitigation of Pedestrian-Induced Vibrations in Suspension
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[4] Chang, M.L., Lin, C.C., Ueng, J.M., and Hsieh, K.H., 2010. Experimental Study on Adjustable Tuned Mass Damper to
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[5] Chen, G., and Wu, J., 2001. Optimal Placement of Multiple Tuned Mass Dampers for Seismic Structures, Journal of
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[6] Chey, M.H., Carr, A.J., Chase, J.G., and Mander, J.B., 2007. Design of Semi-Active Tuned Mass Damper Building Systems
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[7] Chey, M.H., Chase, J.G., and Mander, J.B., Carr, A.J., 2010. Semi-Active Tuned MassDamper Building Systems: Design,
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[8] Lourenco, R., Roffel, A.J., and Narasimhan, S., 2009. Adaptive Pendulum Mass Damper for Control of Structural Vibration,
CANSMART Workshop, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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VIVA-Tech International Journal for Research and Innovation Volume 1, Issue 4 (2021)
ISSN(Online): 2581-7280 Article No. X
PP XX-XX
VIVA Institute of Technology
9th National Conference on Role of Engineers in Nation Building – 2021 (NCRENB-2021)
[9] Matlab, 2007a, The Mathworks. Natick, MA, 2007.

[10] Mendis, P., Ngo, T., Haritos, N., Hira, A., Samali, B., and Cheung, J., 2007. Wind Loading on Tall Buildings, Electronic
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[11] Nagarajaiah, S., and Varadarajan, N., 2005. Short Time Fourier Transform Algorithm for Wind Response Control of
Buildings with Variable Stiffness TMD, Engineering Structures, 27(3), pp.431-441

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