Polyherbal Transdermal Patch: Shivaji University, Kolhapur
Polyherbal Transdermal Patch: Shivaji University, Kolhapur
Polyherbal Transdermal Patch: Shivaji University, Kolhapur
PROJECT REPORT ON
POLYHERBAL TRANSDERMAL PATCH
Submitted by
Principal
R. C. P. Kasegaon
RAJARAMBAPU COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, KASEGAON
2020-2021
AKNOWLEDGEMENT
It is a moment of pride and gratification to look back with a sense of contentment at the long
traveled path, to be able to recapture some of the fine moments, to be able to thank many people who
helped during this project work, whose kindness, love and blessings has brought me to this day. Though it
is sure that the debt which we owe to our guide, cannot be expressed within these lines, still it is most
pleasant duty to acknowledge our deepest sense of gratitude to my research guide Dr. C. S. Magdum ,
Principal, Rajarambapu College of Pharmacy, Kasegaon. His indebtedness, keen interest, encouragement,
imagination, feasibility, rational advice, magnanimity of heart will always be source of inspiration and
instilled confidence in us to pursue the investigation with our great interest.
We must place on record special thanks to our friends and colleagues for their enthusiastic
company, time to time help and encouragement. We are very thankful to all teaching and non-teaching staff
for their cooperation.
Today what we are is all due to our most beloved, highly respectable family, who formed part of
our vision and taught us good things that really matter in life. Last but not least we remember with most
respect our Parents and our Family members and all other who have helped us directly or indirectly in
every possible way.
Date-:
Place-:
POLYHERBAL TRANSDERMAL PATCH
SHIVAJI UNIVERSITY, KOLHAPUR
RAJARAMBAPUCOLLEGEOFPHARMACY,KASEGAON
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the work present in the project entitled,
For Bachelor of Pharmacy has been carried out by Miss. Badade sakshi satish in
partial fulfillment of degree of Bachelor of Pharmacy, Shivaji University,
Kolhapur under the guidance of Dr. C. S. Magdum for the year 2020-2021
Date:
Place: Kasegaon
Vice-Principal Principal
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POLYHERBAL TRANSDERMAL PATCH
SHIVAJI UNIVERSITY, KOLHAPUR
RAJARAMBAPUCOLLEGEOFPHARMACY,KASEGAON
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the work present in the project entitled,
For Bachelor of Pharmacy has been carried out by Miss. Gaikwad Rutuja
Rajendra in partial fulfillment of degree of Bachelor of Pharmacy, Shivaji
University, Kolhapur under the guidance of Dr. C. S. Magdum for the year 2020-
2021
Date:
Place: Kasegaon
Vice-Principal Principal
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ABSTRACT
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INTRODUCTION
AI is the branch of computer science which deals with the study and design of intelligent
agent which increases the chances of success. AI may be defined as: “The ability to hold two
different ideas in mind at the same time and still remain the ability to function”. But AI must
include the learning from past experience, reasoning for the decision making, inference
power and quick response. Artificial intelligence (AI) has lately become a very popular
subject in the area of management and marketing sciences, although, quite paradoxically, the
works on its development in other fields of science have been proceeding continuously for
over half century.
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ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE INMANUFACTURING
AI and Advanced Analytics is at the core of Smart Manufacturing. Using the power of
machine learning to provide manufacturers with contextual insight and intelligence based on
data captured form machinery performance and processes across the plant floor.
• Quality control
• Predictive maintenance
• Waste reduction
• Design optimization
• Process automation
AI in smart manufacturing is a crucial topic. The AI revolution is beyond its infancy and
many companies have significant activity underway. Today more devices both big and small
– deployed on the factory floor are equipped with sensors that gather/share large volumes of
data and capture a multitude of actions. Manufacturers have started recognizing the strategic
importance of big data analytics and therefore data is becoming a key enabler for enhancing
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manufacturing competitiveness. These enormous volumes of data analysed in real time by
leveraging the analytic capabilities of AI can improve decision making and provide enhanced
insight to business users whether that’s reducing asset downtime, improving manufacturing
efficiency, automating production, predicting demand, optimizing inventory levels or
enhancing risk management. PHM is one of the principal applications for the technology,
followed closely by demand forecasting, quality control, and robotics. In the last few years,
hundreds of venture-backed start-ups have popped up everywhere that are trying to offer AI-
coated magic bullets promising to instantly augment enterprise-level insight or help
companies to understand a particular machine, process or problem. The winner in this
competition would be the one that is going to offer a scalable solution required by an
enterprise.
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intelligent and efficient; however, they pose a challenge for the policy makers and regulators
to redefine our knowledge of the current good manufacturing practices.
Some of the AI applications useful in text, speech, and video recognition can be utilised
further to interpret the pattern and convert it into a meaningful and chronological script of
events. While this will certainly reduce the time and increase the efficiency, it will also
enhance the reporting quality. Machine learning thus employs statistical applications to
identify patterns in the data then make predictions using those patterns. The AI lead machine-
learning processes are capable of reading and recognising the key process parameters
responsible for raising product quality.
Therefore, machine learning involves connecting good manufacturing practices (GMPs) with
AI, in a way that the algorithms can recognise any inconsistency within the process and
accurately detect them. A variety of sub-process viz. granulations, compression, blending for
formulations and chemical synthesis for API manufacturing can be optimised on real-time
basis to get standard quality of the in-process bulk. These machines will continuously track
and control the process attributes and retain the right recipe for the formulation to maintain
the dosage accuracy. What characterises these machines as being different from the present
automated machines are the machine learning algorithms or mechanisms by which the
continuously collected data will be utilised to make informed decisions on real-time basis.
The synergy of robotics and AI can therefore revolutionise the entire spectrum of pharma
operations as is possible in any other manufacturing sector.
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Therefore, conventional manufacturing processes may undergo a paradigm change. Processes
like granulation or compression of tablets or a progressive chemical synthesis in a chain of
reactors can be rapidly achieved by eliminating or combining specific processing unit
operations. This could involve either simply eliminating tasks that are no longer necessary or
using deep learning machine algorithms for equipment that can operate machines to
simultaneously perform more than one unit of operation at a time (multi-tasking).
Besides these operational benefits, the AI-enabled processes will exhibit complete regulatory
compliance. Regulatory compliance can be achieved and established through continuous
monitoring, tracking not merely for the key process parameters alone but also by generating,
compiling and evaluating the online process data. The challenge for the future is to first
integrate the AI technologies with the existing machines so that the process data can be
collected online, evaluated and the precise decision-set applied on a real-time basis.
• Data acquisition and supervisory controls for real time assessment of unit operations
in compliance with Process Analytical Technology (PAT) – no destructive testing and
continuous quality assurance for individual units (in case of formulations).
• Process forecasting and predictive maintenance, with sensors tracking the operating
conditions and performance of tooling, to predict breakdowns and malfunctions and
track or recommend actions.
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• Simple and easier investigations for non-compliances and out-of-specifications tests
using intelligent algorithms that identify the root-cause(s) and take macro- or micro-
decisions which may rectify or reboot the process, while generating the complete
record of historical events or trouble-shooting. All the related processes – from
manufacturing and packaging to warehousing and shipment – are consolidated within
minutes to analyse and determine non-compliance to business and quality rules and
procedures.
• The next challenge is to validate these systems and integrate the technologies to the
total satisfaction of the individual manufacturer and of the health authorities, such as
the US Food and Drug Administration.
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MANUFACTURING EXECUTION SYSTEM
A MES is a control system that is designed to manage, monitor, and track the various
manufacturing information in real time by receiving minute by minute data from various
sources which include robots, employees, and machine monitors. In today’s world, MES is
being widely integrated with enterprise resource planning systems. MES facilitates
compliance with regulatory guidelines along with ensuring that drug makers get high-quality
products in their manufacturing processes.
The benefits of using MES include compliance with guaranteed legal regulations, minimized
risks, increased transparency, shortened production cycles, optimized resource utilization,
controlled, and monitored production steps, and optimized up to batch release.
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ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN MARKETING
With AI, pharma companies can explore and develop unique marketing strategies that
promise high revenues and brand awareness.
AI can help to map the customer journey; thereby allowing companies to see which
marketing technique led visitors to their site (lead conversion) and ultimately pushed the
converted visitors to purchase from them. In this way, pharma companies can focus more on
those marketing strategies that lead to most conversions and increase revenues.
Artificial intelligence can help find the correct marketing technique for individuals. AI can be
used to look at past campaigns and analyse them so that in future you can continue to do what
will give you a good return on investment.
In pharma marketing, AI is a game changer. In minutes and without the flaws of human error,
it can: 1) interpret vast quantities of data, responding to ongoing data changes; and 2) deploy
far-reaching strategies based on those interpretations—making them immediately responsive
whenever changes are detected.
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• Need for Artificial Intelligence in marketing
Marketers can process huge amount of marketing data, from various platforms such as web,
social media and emails in a comparatively faster time. Besides this, the perception they get
about the customer and their requirements in a shorter time frame help them to boost
campaign performance and Return on investment (ROI) rapidly. As a result, marketers can
shift their time and focus to other equally or more important tasks. Another factor which
necessitates AI to be implemented in marketing practices is that in recent times it becomes
really important for the companies to recognize and understand customer needs and their
expectations in terms of products as well as services. This helps marketers to identify who
their target audience is and thereby creating a personal experience for users. With
implementation of AI, marketers are capable of understanding customers’ behaviour and
generate customer insights and enhance the four C’s: Customer Targeting and Lifetime
Value, Customer Engagement, Customer Experience and Customer Loyalty.
• Marketing mix
The critical aspect of marketing is the value delivery to customers, while the value may
represent different product aspects such as goods, ideas, services, information, or any type of
solution that fulfil customer needs. McCarthy proposed the idea of “marketing mix” as a
conceptual framework translating marketing planning into practice (Bennett, 1997). Though
the marketing mix is not a scientific theory, its tools can develop both long-term strategies
and short-term tactical marketing programmes (Palmer, 2004). McCarthy refined previous
Borden's conception of satisfying the target market. He regrouped Borden's 12 elements
(product planning, pricing, branding, channels of distribution, personal selling, advertising,
promotions, packaging, display, servicing, physical handling, fact-finding and analysis) into
four elements, called 4Ps: product, price, promotion, and place. There were further
advancements made within the marketing mix concept, such as adding another Ps - people,
processes, physical evidence (Booms, Bittner, 1980), though the idea of 4Ps is still widely
used and accepted.
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• Methodology
Due to the emerging trends of AI application in the business area, the aim of this paper is
to review the AI implementation in the field of marketing. The goal of the research is to
assess the scope of AI application within marketing mix and find answers to the
research questions: (1) do all areas of AI (voice, text, image recognition, decision-
making, autonomous vehicles and robots) find application in marketing; (2) what kind of
implications does AI make in marketing practice. To answer these questions, the authors
decided to conduct secondary data research to gather examples of AI application. The
procedure of collecting AI application was made in two steps. The first step was a focus on
review the marketing portal(www.marketingweek.com, www.adweek.com, www.warc.com)
to gather AI application in marketing. The second step was the validation of selected
examples by confirming gathered examples with the information on the company site or in
the press release of each example. There was no limitation connected with the sample
location; the goal of the secondary research was to collect any example of AI application. The
presented conclusions are based on the results of the authors' analysis of gathered examples.
To answer the second research question (what kind of implications does AI make
in marketing practice?) authors conducted an analysis of gathered examples and made a
synthesis of how the examples reflect the marketing mix. Conclusions are presented in Table
2. Each validated examples shows that AI impacts each area of marketing mix program. This
fining is especially important for practitioners who are responsible for developing
innovations as AI influence the whole spectrum of marketing activity. It is worth mentioning
that the area of ‘place’ requires cooperation with Industry 4.0 specialist, as autonomous
vehicles and robots play a crucial role in creating new sales channels and new customer
service. Additionally, AI applications that extend the core product requires innovation design
approach to find the insights that match ideas going beyond the product or even category.
This Is important for implementing AI within ‘product’ and ‘promotion’ areas in the
marketing mix program.
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• The impact of AI on marketing management
• Design innovations. AI redefines the way the value is delivered to the customer and
increases the role of finding new solutions through design.
Capabilities such as voice, image recognition, machine learning and semantic searching.
Marketers like to wax lyrical about new exciting updated technologies. They bang
on Artificial Intelligence for image recognition and speech recognition. It also prevents data
leaks in marketing and helps in targeting drones at remote communities. Traditional
Marketing or outbound marketing campaigns are far less efficient in winning and retaining a
were. Artificial Intelligence is important to gain sustainable competitive advantage in this
always connected, real time world where marketers are required to deliver
continuous, customized, insight driven interactions with customers on an individual basis.
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Brands that have understood the significance of Artificial Intelligence and putting the right
system in place to scale are successful in creating a competitive advantage which is very
difficult to replicate. Because artificial intelligence is not about technology, it is about
delivering the perfect combination of content with context. Today, there are numerous
applications of artificial intelligence in the consumer and business spaces, from Apple’s Siri
to Google’s Deep Mind. Siri, for example, uses natural language processing (NLP) to
interpret voice commands and respond accordingly. Google Deep Mind, on the other hand,
uses deep learning. It is capable of making connections and reaching meanings without
relyingon predefined behavioural algorithms, instead learning from experience and using raw
data as its inputs. In fact, by applying findings from Deep Mind, Google was able to improve
the efficiency of its own power centres, reducing the energy used for cooling by 40%. The
graph below depict sclear picture of the way artificial intelligence has made slow but steady
progress in global markets.
AI & PHARMACIES:
Every pharmacy caters to unique customer demographics. Pharmaceutical firms must account
for these differences to deliver the best sales results, considering the sales drivers, sales
potential, and opportunities for upselling across demographics.
AI can churn the details of pharmacy sales activities, sociodemographic information, location
etc. From this, sales potential of the pharmacies can be determined and based on sales
potential of the pharmacies, efforts can be customized based on categories of interest (e.g.
price sensitivity or responsiveness to promotional activities, etc.). The AI & machine learning
solution can also go further & gather additional information beyond sales potential. With
these insights, the sales & marketing teams can target individual pharmacies with custom
market strategies and allocate resources to maximize returns. This could provide competitive
advantage to the sales & marketing teams that would ensure better sales results.
AI & HCPsHyper-personalization:
AI can help in deep understanding of profiles, behaviours, attitudes, potential of the HCPs
which would guide marketeers in segmentation, targeting, precise & customized marketing.
AI would help marketeers to evolve from marketing with personalization to hyper
personalization/hyper customization. With AI, marketeers would also more succinctly be able
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to target specific physicians based on geography, patients, and prescribing behaviour,
personal behaviour /interest /attitude.
Pharmaceutical companies rely on the marketing model to grow. And with the increased
competition and the various modes of promotion, it gets hard to attribute marketing efforts to
sales. And this is the main solution that AI can bring to the healthcare industry. Specifically,
AI helps in the following ways:
1. Optimizing MCM:
The sales team can leverage AI to analyse the impact of Multichannel Marketing
ideas and predict their likelihood of success. This allows their team to focus on segmenting
ideas against the overall strategy to optimize the time of sales reps in the best way
possible.
2. Identifying Specific Patient Population:
Pharmaceutical companies can bring predictive analytics capabilities from within AI
to get an insight into the ongoing patterns used for candidate’s part of clinical trials. AI can
augment physicians’ decisions to determine when a patient should start their treatment. It
will also help them understand when patients should move on to the next phase of the
treatment.
3. Customizing Digital Engagement:
Using AI, healthcare systems can optimize channel effectiveness as well. AI can
provide smart recommendations on the timing, frequency, and content of the messages and
emails used for engagement with HCPs. It is a targeted approach that is used to increase
the precision with which sales reps engage with physicians, enhancing the overall impact
of digital campaigns.
4. Leveraging Multi-Indication Analytics:
We all know that drugs are distributed through various channels at once. With the
help of AI and machine learning, the healthcare system can eliminate the old and
traditional analytics methods. This way, companies will get a better picture of the use of
multi-indication products. The marketing team can then track the performance of the
product by region, specialty, indication, and the source of business. This helps the
company to make an informed decision regarding future marketing.
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Enhancing HCP Profiling/Segmentation/Targeting:
AI can help deliver the targeted list of physicians to sales reps with precision.
Ithighlights the prescription potential of each physician and their behavioural profile.
Furthermore, the sales team can then strategize future steps such as offering discounts and
value-added opportunities in the pharmacies that will possibly drive high sales.
The amalgamation of print, digital, direct and other marketing activities can have a wide
impact on the sales of a drug. Knowing which methods are most successful is useful for
companies to ensure they explore the most profitable avenues. Using AI to chart a customer
journey can allow a business to identify the direct marketing messages that they have been
exposed to and which led to a purchase.
Artificial Intelligence arms the Medical Representatives (MRs), and the plan gets even
further refined. The AI program can take into account near real-time customer interactions
and data, and use that information to recommend immediate “next best actions” for Sales
Representatives. For example, the AI system might suggest that a rep contacts a particular
doctor soon because the doctor just attended a seminar that relates to the science behind the
rep’s product.
AI helps to done routine and repeatable tasks automatically (e.g. data collection and
analysis, image search and adaptation/processing). Precise analyses done by AI increases the
role of creative and strategic activities.
AI redefine the way the value is delivered to the customer and increase the role of finding
new solutions through design. AI requires incorporating data scientist skills and also an
understanding of the new technology possibilities in the marketing team.
From a quick Google search to the most complex digital experience, pharma marketers run
across AI everywhere. It’s already being used to automate existing processes and help reduce
or eliminate the human component when it comes to digesting large amounts of text or image
data. The AI layer can help filter and present the most relevant and pertinent data and insights
for further analysis and action. AI is also being used at scale in the field of drug discovery
and screening.
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• MARKET RESEARCH KNOWLEDGE: -
Many companies have masses of PowerPoint documents, the content of which is known by
the team. It is dependent on the existing team bringing the new members up to speed. That’s
why knowledge can easily be lost with job transfers. By creating a database of all your
market research PowerPoint files and applying AI search to it, you effectively allow everyone
on your team to have the entire database of knowledge at their fingertips. Plus, they can
search it in multiple ways, even if they don’t know whether what they are seeking is in there.
The AI natural language processing will be able to interpret what is required and identify the
content they are seeking.
CONCLUSION: -
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