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Problems of Cauchys Integral Formula

The document discusses singular points of functions and Cauchy's integral formula. It defines a singular point as a point where a function is not analytic. Examples are given of functions with singular points. Cauchy's integral formula allows evaluating integrals around closed curves when the singular point lies inside, on, or outside the curve. Several examples apply Cauchy's formula to find the value of integrals with different placements of the singular point.

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Pawan Kumar
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489 views14 pages

Problems of Cauchys Integral Formula

The document discusses singular points of functions and Cauchy's integral formula. It defines a singular point as a point where a function is not analytic. Examples are given of functions with singular points. Cauchy's integral formula allows evaluating integrals around closed curves when the singular point lies inside, on, or outside the curve. Several examples apply Cauchy's formula to find the value of integrals with different placements of the singular point.

Uploaded by

Pawan Kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Singular point :

The point z = z0 is called a singular point or singularity of f(z) if


f(z) is not analytic at zo.
Example 1:

The function f(z) = has singularity at zo = -1.

EXAMPLE 2:

The function f(z) = has two singular points at z0 = -ἱ, ἱ.

Solution:

f(z) = =

Cauchy’s Integral Formula’s


If f(z) is analytic within and on a simple closed curve ‘c’ and zo
is any singular point within simple closed curve ‘c’ then

and , n = 1, 2, ...
Note 1: If the singular point lies outside from the simple
closed curve ‘c’ then we use Cauchy’s theorem.

Note 2: If the singular point lies inside and on simple close


curve ‘c’ then we use Cauchy’s Integral formula.
Example: Use Cauchy’s integral formula to evaluate the
following integrals:

(i)

Solution:

, where center = (a, b) and radius


= r.
This is the equation of circle whose center at origin (0, 0) and
radius r = 1.
Here f(z) = is a singular point which
lies outside the circle.
Then we apply Cauchy’s theorem.

Ans.

(ii)

Solution:
This is the equation of circle whose center at origin (0, 0) and
radius r = 2

Here is a singular point which lies on the circle.

So we apply Cauchy’s Integral formula

Here

Now equation (1) becomes

i
Answer.

, where c is

Solution:
∵

=12
This is the equation of circle whose center at (1, 0) and radius r
= 1.
Here = is a singular point which lies
inside the circle.
So we apply Cauchy’s Integral formula

f( )= f(

Now eq (1) becomes

Answer.
where ‘c’ is

Solution:

x2 +(y-1)2 = 12

This shows the circle equation having centre at (0, 1) and


r =1.

Here z0 = i is a singular point which lies inside the circle.


Apply Cauchy’s integral formula

Here f(z) =
f(z) = = > f ’(z) = 2z

(z0) = (i) = =

Answer.

(v)

Solution:
=> =>

x2 +(y+1

This shows the equation of circle having centre (0, -1) and
radius r = 3.
=

1= (z-2) A + Bz
Put z = 0 then
(0-2) A + 0=1

A=
Put z = 2 then
1= 0A +2B

B=

Put the values of A and B in equation(2)

= { I1 – I2} (3)

I1

Here is a singular point which lies inside the


circle.
Use Cauchy’s integral formula
f(z0) =

Here f(z) = 2z+5 => f(z0)=f(0) = 2(0) +5=5

5=

I1

I2 =

Here is a singular point which lies inside the


circle.
Here f(z) = 2z+5 => f(z0)=f(2) = 2(2) +5 =9

9=

I2 = 18

Put the values of I1 and I2 in eq(3), we have


Answer

Second Method:

From equation (1), we have

Here

By Cauchy’s Integral formula, we have


I1 = 9πi
From equation (1), we have

Here

By Cauchy’s Integral formula, we have

Put the values of I1 and I2 in equation (1)


Ans.

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