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MODULE1

The document discusses semiconductor materials and devices. It defines a semiconductor as a material with conductivity between a conductor and insulator, allowing some electron flow. It describes N-type and P-type doping of semiconductors by adding trivalent or pentavalent atoms. Examples of semiconductor devices include diodes and transistors, with diodes invented by Fleming and Zener, and transistors by Shockley, Bardeen, and Brattain. Conductors allow electron flow, insulators block it, and semiconductors have properties in between. Intrinsic semiconductors are pure, while extrinsic are doped with impurity atoms.

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Jericho Mejia
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608 views2 pages

MODULE1

The document discusses semiconductor materials and devices. It defines a semiconductor as a material with conductivity between a conductor and insulator, allowing some electron flow. It describes N-type and P-type doping of semiconductors by adding trivalent or pentavalent atoms. Examples of semiconductor devices include diodes and transistors, with diodes invented by Fleming and Zener, and transistors by Shockley, Bardeen, and Brattain. Conductors allow electron flow, insulators block it, and semiconductors have properties in between. Intrinsic semiconductors are pure, while extrinsic are doped with impurity atoms.

Uploaded by

Jericho Mejia
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Activities/Assessments:

1. Define in your own words a semiconductor material.


 Semiconductor is a type of material that has conductivity between conductor and an insulator. It allows
the flow of electron but only partly.

2. Draw an N-type and P type covalent bonding of atoms using Gallium Arsenide doped with pentavalent and
trivalent atom.

3. Summarize the three types of materials giving emphasis on their properties.


 Conductor is a material that has low resistance to current flow and its conduction and valence band
overlap allowing electrons to move easily. Insulator has high resistivity and has big energy gap between
conduction and valence band resulting to inability of electrons to freely move. Lastly, semiconductor has
resistivity and energy band gap between the conductor and insulator making it difficult to both free or
accept electron.

4. Investigate on different semiconductor devices, its construction and the inventors involved on these devices.
 One example of semiconductor device is a diode. Diode is formed by joining two equivalently doped N-
type and a P-type semiconductor. John Ambrose Fleming patented the first thermionic diode called the
Fleming Valve. Another type of diode is a Zener diode which is formed by combining heavily doped PN
semiconductor, which is invented by Clarence Melvin Zener. Another example of a semiconductor
device is a transistor, which is formed by combining two diodes back to back. Transistor is invented by
three individuals namely William Shockley, John Bardeen, Walter Brattain.

5. Differentiate the three types of materials


 Conductor allows flow of electron because of its low resistivity and high conductivity, insulator on the
other hand blocks the flow of electron with its high resistivity and low conductivity, and semiconductor
has electrical properties between the conductor and insulator.

6. Compare the two types of semiconductor materials.


 Intrinsic semiconductor is a pure natural semiconductor material whereas extrinsic is obtained when an
impurity atom is added or doped to a pure semiconductor.

7. Sketch the covalent bonding of the P-type and N-type material.

Ge =
Intrinsic semiconductor atom Ge = Intrinsic semiconductor atom

B = Trivalent impurity atom Sb = Trivalent impurity atom

P-type extrinsic semiconductor N-type extrinsic semiconductor

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