Ref 2 Philosophies

NAME : TAMIL CHELVI D/O MUNIANDY NUM MC : MC NUM : 210413305
Reflection 2
Each of the educational philosophies relates to one or more of the metaphysical world
view philosophies. What connections do you see?
Each of the educational philosophies relates to one or more of the metaphysical world
view philosophies. What connections do you see? Progressivism relates to Pragmatism, since
progressivism stresses that students test ideas by active experimentation and that learning is
rooted in the questions of learners that arise through experiencing the world.
The pragmatism or experimentalism stresses teaching methods focus on hands-on

problem solving, experimenting, and projects. The pragmatists believe that learners should
apply their knowledge to real life situations through experimental inquiry. The progressivism
relates to pragmatism since they both emphasize learning through experimenting. It means that
students acquire knowledge and apply their knowledge through experimental inquiry and
experiencing the world.
The students here are active participants of the learning process since they learn by
doing (experiencing). The proponent of these is John B. Dewey. Essentialism relates to
Realism, since essentialism emphasizes that core curriculum may change because whatever is
the important in the society, this philosophy will also adopt, that’s why the core curriculum of this
philosophy may change depending on what may change in the society. The schooling here is
practical, preparing students to become valuable members in the society; this adopts whatever
change that happens in the society. With that, it also emphasizes the importance of knowledge
of the subject matter and the mastery of the teacher of the subject matter. I can say that this
educational philosophy relates to realism in the sense that the realism also emphasizes the
importance of the content of the subject matter and the mastery of the teacher of the subject
matter.
Essentialism also relates to Pragmatism because both philosophies adopt the changes
that happen in the society especially those things that are important to humanity. Essentialism
also relates to Idealism since in the essentialism, it requires the teacher’s mastery of the subject
matter in the since that it is a teacher’s centred and subject centred. How Essentialism does
really relate to Idealism? Okay, as we all know that Idealism focuses on the ideals or perfection
that best fits for the humanity. Teachers in idealism will always be right and they should always
be the one to be followed by the students. Whatever the learning’s that imparted by the teachers
to the students are right because they stick to the books. In Essentialism, as we all know though
the teachings are practical but it is still a teacher centred and subject centred like the idealism.
Since the teachings are practical then it should require the teacher’s mastery in subject
matter because the teachers are more responsible in developing the students’ characters. It is a
subject centred like idealism in the since that their subjects should be based on what are
needed to learn from the environment though the teachings are different but both give emphasis
on the importance of the teacher’s skills and subject content.
Perennialism also relates to Idealism if we will focus on the teachings. As we all know
that Perennialism teaches us some ideas in the past because those ideas from Western
Civilization are still significant like history and literature in which in the same way Idealism also
does. Both Perennialism and Idealism emphasize strong discipline for the students by following
what is set as right and true to achieve excellence.
Perennialism is related to Realism because in the Perennialism the truth is Universal

and does not depend on the circumstances of place, time and person. It is also like in Realism
that truth is objective-what can be observed, since the Proponent of realism believed that to
understand, its ultimate form had to be understood, which does not change. Reconstructionism’
relates to Pragmatism because both are concern with the students.
As what I have read that the curriculum in Reconstructionism focuses on the students
experience and in the same way also pragmatism concerns with the students’ experience for them to
learn. Another connection I see is that they are both concern with the changes in the society.
Change must be considered for the benefit of the humanity and for the society.
As a conclusion these educational philosophies have some what broader scope than those
of psychological orientations. The common focus of the educational philosophies is about knowledge
or what should we teach and how we come to know things around us. These educational
philosophies are responsible for the character development of the students or other individuals
which is very important for the enhancement and development of the society. Of course these
psychological orientations have similarities to those educational philosophies since they talk about
how to educate a person, how to develop his character and to impart learning to him. These are all
about how to gain knowledge. These psychological orientations are influenced with educational
philosophies in terms of how to educate a person and what are those necessary things to consider.

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NAME : TAMIL CHELVI D/O MUNIANDY NUM MC : MC NUM : 210413305

The pragmatism or experimentalism stresses teaching methods focus on hands-on

Perennialism is related to Realism because in the Perennialism the truth is Universal

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