IoT based flood detector and early precaution method instructor to

avoid any hazardous event

Mr. Amit Kumar1, Vaibhav Singh2, Varun Kumar Chaubey3, Vibhanshu Singh
Bisht4, Shivani Sharma5
1
Assistant Professor, ECE, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology, 19,
Institutional Area, Knowledge Park II, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh.
2
Department of Electronics and Communication, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology, 19, Institutional
Area, Knowledge Park II, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh.
3
Department of Electronics and Communication, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology, 19, Institutional
Area, Knowledge Park II, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh.
4
Department of Electronics and Communication, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology, 19, Institutional
Area, Knowledge Park II, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh.
5
Department of Electronics and Communication, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology, 19, Institutional
Area, Knowledge Park II, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh

Abstract
Flood is one of the most dangerous natural disasters which cannot be ignored. It creates huge economic damage
and also results in massive loss of life. Every year many people die due to lack of early warning. In this paper we
represent a system which connects our arrangement with real time cloud which connects with our mobile phones to
monitor water levels. Here, in this system we make prediction of flood on the basis of output of Arduino Uno and
alert respective authorities about possible floods using IoT. The system also calculates the time it would take for
flood to reach them and provides IVR, notifications to people so that they can be evacuate or manage time
accordingly.
Keywords: Arduino Uno, Internet of Things, Android based application, Flood alert system.
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Date of Submission: 24-05-2021 Date of acceptance: xx-xx-xxxx
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1. INTRODUCTION
Understanding the rate of flow of water, level of increase in water level, which is valuable information for
predicting the flood. In this system we have used Arduino Uno with different sensors to predict the signal of
flood and aware respective authorities along with nearby villages/areas to rapidly transmit information about
possible floods using IoT. The water sensors are used to measure water level of three different locations. Also,
three. Different rain sensors are used to measure rain level of those three areas. These sensors provide
information over the IoT using Arduino Uno. On detection of information of flooding provided by system the
system predicts that if there is any real case of flooding or not and if there is any case then our android
application will send a notification to the users of that particular area and alerts the villages/areas that could be
affected by it. The system also sends notification to people through our mobile application so that if they are
in region which is at high risk then they can evacuate accordingly.

2. OBJECTIVE
1) To Monitor water level.
2) To reduce risk of flood in flood prone areas.
3) To avoid spreading false information.
4) To use mobile application as alerting system.
 3. HARDWARE COMPONENTS
1) Arduino Uno: Arduino Uno is an open-source microcontroller board. It consists 14 digital input and output
pins and 6 analog inputs. It works on 16 MHz frequency.

Fig1: Arduino Uno

2) Ultrasonic Sensor (HC-SR04): This is a electronic device which helps in measuring the distance from a target
object by the ultrasonic waves which gets emitted from it and converts the reflected sound into an electrical
signal.

Fig2: Ultrasonic Sensor

3) Flow Rate Sensor: This sensor helps in measuring actual velocity of upcoming stream or flow of river. It
helps also studying flow patterns of a stream or river.

Fig3: Flow Rate Sensor

4) Temperature and Humidity Sensor (DHT-11): This is a sensor which measure the atmospheric air condition
and measure the temperature and humidity of the atmosphere and provide the information regarding
atmospheric situation.

Fig4: Temperature and Humidity Sensor

5) ESP8285 Wi-Fi Module:

The ESP8285 is a low-cost device which is helps in connecting microcontroller with Wi-Fi network. It can be
used to upload data receiving from system to online.

Fig5: ESP8285 Wi-Fi Module

6) LCD display
7) Power Source

4. SOFTWARE COMPONENTS
1) JAVA
2) Android Studio
3) AWS
4) IoT
5) Cloud9
6) Arduino Development Studio
 5. BLOCK DIAGRAM

Fig6: Block diagram of working of flood monitoring system

6. PROJECTION PLAN

Fig7: Processing Steps

 7. METHODOLOGY
7.1 The Proposed Framework
Flood based monitoring system is already present in the real world by the researchers in the field of IoT but the
problem with them is that either they are too expensive or they don’t work with the enough precision as it was
expected from them. Thus, they are not feasible to use. So, in this field we have decided to make a device
which will read the possibility of upcoming flood by analyzing values from IoT and will upload the result on
our android based developed application that can be accessed by common people so that they can be warned
about the flood. The android application will also provide the notification based on risk factor, users that are
near the region of high risk of flooding will receive the notification and the regions that are at low risk of
flooding will not receive the notification but the users can access the information about other areas too for the
sake of knowledge. Another reason for making the application more functional is because Dam gates are
opened due to increasing water levels and for alerting the nearby areas by raising the alarm which can cost
someone’s life if gets avoided by mistake. So, in this case we will provide extra privilege to the government
officials who are responsible for the opening of the gates of dam to update the information on application about
the dam.

7.2 Implementation
1) For software part we have integrated our system with cloud. We will make 3 levels for normal users and
specify a color for danger levels.
2) This is done using the data sent by Wi-Fi module to cloud which then follows an algorithm pattern and
prepares real time data.
3) Every detail related to the system can be viewed in this app. And, the app has classification for users. IVR and
push notifications is also implemented.
4) The hardware part will contain ultrasonic, temperature and humidity sensors and other sensors all connected
to Arduino.
5) To enable to the system to connect and share the information through internet the hardware is connected to
Wi-Fi module.

7.3 Working
To practical implement the system which will include the wiring that is to be installed on the breadboard along
with Arduino and other sensors. The coding on Arduino language which comprises of C/C++ function that are
called in the code. The android app will be developed with help of Android Studio for front-end and back-end
will be coded in JAVA. In AWS Cloud9 IDE programming can be done in multiple languages which offers a
good code-editing experience with support of runtime debuggers along with a built-in terminal.
 Fig8: Design of back-end application

It contains a collection of tools that you use to code, build, run, test, and debug software, and helps you release
software to the cloud. The system will be ready to link with Cloud 9. At Last, the Arduino will be connected
with the battery. It should work as we decided earlier and early warning will be sent to user.

Fig9: Model of android application

 8. FLOW CHART

Fig10: Flow Chart

9. APPLICATIONS
This application can also be used to monitor sensor data in real time that is it can provide.

1) Interrupts to mobile phones of users who are responsible for controlling flood gate in real time (24x7).
2) Users who are responsible for managing and planning evacuation techniques for citizens.
3) Normal users can have this app as a weather forecasting app which has an additional feature of keeping them
updated about threat from flood.

10. CONCLUSION
Since, Flood disaster is a natural disaster which cannot be predicted. It can be monitored in real time. The
main aim of this project is to save people’s life by detection irregularities in water body levels with
minimal cost. Our project will not be able to save a town from destruction but can help to minimize its
impact by alerting the people in nearby areas. It can also contribute to government authorities that can help
in saving lives from these kinds of hazardous events. In summary, our project can help people in planning
and taking quick decisions against this disaster.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT
It is our proud honor and duty to recognize the kind of help and guidance received from several people in
preparation of this report. It would not have been possible to prepare this report without their valuable
support, cooperation and guidance. First and foremost, I wish to record my sincere gratitude to the faculties
of Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology for giving me this opportunity to learn advanced this
technology and develop new skills. I would like to give my genuine gratitude to Mr. Amit Kumar for giving
 me this chance to assimilate this developing and widely used technology. The contribution and support of the
fellow team members in preparing this report are greatly acknowledged.

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