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    APM UNIT-1 FD: Ms. Liza Nagpal

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    liza
    The document discusses the process of apparel production, which involves converting fabric into garments. It describes the key pre-production and production stages in apparel manufacturing, including sampling, costing, production planning, cutting, sewing, thread trimming, and others. The stages ensure garments are properly designed, priced, and manufactured according to buyer specifications and on schedule. Quality control is important throughout the process to produce quality garments.

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    APM UNIT-1 FD: Ms. Liza Nagpal

    Uploaded by

    liza
    109 views10 pages
    The document discusses the process of apparel production, which involves converting fabric into garments. It describes the key pre-production and production stages in apparel manufacturing, including sampling, costing, production planning, cutting, sewing, thread trimming, and others. The stages ensure garments are properly designed, priced, and manufactured according to buyer specifications and on schedule. Quality control is important throughout the process to produce quality garments.

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    APM

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    The document discusses the process of apparel production, which involves converting fabric into garments. It describes the key pre-production and production stages in apparel manufacturing, including sampling, costing, production planning, cutting, sewing, thread trimming, and others. The stages ensure garments are properly designed, priced, and manufactured according to buyer specifications and on schedule. Quality control is important throughout the process to produce quality garments.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    109 views10 pages

    APM UNIT-1 FD: Ms. Liza Nagpal

    Uploaded by

    liza
    The document discusses the process of apparel production, which involves converting fabric into garments. It describes the key pre-production and production stages in apparel manufacturing, including sampling, costing, production planning, cutting, sewing, thread trimming, and others. The stages ensure garments are properly designed, priced, and manufactured according to buyer specifications and on schedule. Quality control is important throughout the process to produce quality garments.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 10

    APM

    UNIT-1
    FD Ms. Liza Nagpal
    Apparel
    Production
    APPAREL PRODUCTION, ALSO KNOWN AS
    GARMENT PRODUCTION IS A PROCESS
    WHERE FABRIC IS BEING CONVERTED INTO
    GARMENTS.
    THE TERM APPAREL PRODUCTION IS
    BASICALLY USED WHEN GARMENTS ARE
    MANUFACTURED IN A FACTORY.
    TRADITIONALLY APPAREL
    MANUFACTURING FACTORIES HAS BEEN
    DIVIDED INTO TWO SECTORS AS
    DOMESTIC AND EXPORT.
    A FACTORY PRODUCES A BULK QUANTITY OF
    GARMENTS FOR A STYLE OR DESIGN AT A
    TIME.
    PRIOR TO START PRODUCTION OF AN ORDER,
    THE FACTORY NEEDS TO GO THROUGH SOME
    ACTIVITIES WHICH ARE KNOWN AS PRE-
    PRODUCTION.
    PRE-PRODUCTION PROCESS INCLUDES
    SAMPLING, COSTING, PRODUCTION

    Pre- Production PLANNING, SOURCING OF RAW MATERIAL,


    AND PRODUCTION PATTERN MAKING. FABRIC
    CUTTING, PRINTING, EMBROIDERY, SEWING,
    THREAD TRIMMING, WASHING, IRONING,
    FOLDING, AND PACKING ARE THE
    PRODUCTION FUNCTIONS.
    SAMPLING:
    SAMPLING IS A PROCESS WHERE FACTORIES
    DEVELOP GARMENT SAMPLES ACCORDING TO THE
    BUYER'S SPECIFIED DESIGN.
    THIS IS ALSO KNOWN AS PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT
    STAGE. SAMPLES ARE REQUIRED AT VARIOUS
    STAGES TO GET APPROVAL FROM BUYERS ON A
    PARTICULAR DESIGN.
    AS PER THE DEVELOPMENT STAGES SAMPLES ARE
    NAMED AS PROTO SAMPLE, FIT SAMPLE, SIZE SET
    SAMPLE, SALESMAN SAMPLE, PRODUCTION SAMPLE,
    TOP OF PRODUCTION (TOP) SAMPLE, AND
    SHIPMENT SAMPLE.
    COSTING
    A BUSINESS IS ALL ABOUT MAKING PROFIT.
    SO CORRECT COSTING OF A PRODUCT BEFORE ORDER FINALIZATION IS VERY
    IMPORTANT.
    COSTING OF GARMENT IS THE CUMULATIVE COST OF RAW MATERIALS, DIRECT
    LABORS AND DIRECT AND INDIRECT OVERHEADS.
    AFTER DEVELOPING SAMPLE OR DIRECTLY RECEIVING BUYER'S SAMPLE FACTORY
    NEEDS TO SEND FOB (FREIGHT ON BOARD) PRICE OF THE GARMENT.
    TO DECIDE FOB OF A GARMENT FACTORY MAKES COST SHEET INCLUDING RAW
    MATERIAL COST, TOTAL OF DIRECT LABOUR COSTS OF EACH PROCESSES, FACTORY
    OVERHEAD.
    AN FOB IS THE SUM OF GARMENT COST, FACTORY MARGIN AND TAXES.
    PRODUCTION PLANNING
    AFTER RECEIVING THE ORDER FACTORY PLANS FOR THE RAW MATERIAL REQUIRED
    FOR THE ORDER.
    RAW MATERIALS LIKE FABRICS, SEWING THREADS, PACKING MATERIALS, HANGTAGS,
    AND OTHER ACCESSORIES. FACTORY PLANS TIMELINES LIKE WHEN TO START
    CUTTING WHEN TO SUBMIT PRE-PRODUCTION SAMPLE WHEN TO FINISH SEWING
    AND FINISHING, FINAL INSPECTION DATE, AND SHIPMENT DATE. IN THE
    PRODUCTION PLANNING STAGE JOB RESPONSIBILITY FOR DIFFERENT PROCESSES IS
    DEFINED.
    CUTTING IN THIS STAGE FABRICS ARE LAYERED ON A TABLE
    LAYER BY LAYER UP TO A CERTAIN HEIGHT.
    THEN BY MEANS OF A CUTTING MACHINE FABRIC ARE
    CUT INTO GARMENT SHAPES OR PATTERN AND
    SEPARATED FROM THE LAYER.
    FABRIC LAYERING IS POSSIBLE BOTH MANUAL
    SPREADING AND AUTOMATED SPREADING. CUT PARTS
    ARE THEN NUMBERED AND BUNDLED AND SEND TO
    SEWING ROOM.
    FOR DETAILS ABOUT CUTTING PROCESS SEE CUTTING
    ROOM OVERVIEW.
    THE QUALITY OF END PRODUCT (GARMENT) IS VERY
    MUCH DEPENDS ON THE GOOD CUTTING QUALITY.
    SECONDLY, FABRIC THE MAIN RAW MATERIAL OF THE
    GARMENT REPRESENTS ABOUT 70% OF TOTAL
    GARMENT COST. THAT IS WHY CUTTING IS AN
    IMPORTANT PROCESS LIKE OTHERS WHERE CONTROL
    THE FABRIC SAVING AND GARMENT QUALITY.
    SEWING OR STITCHING
    GARMENT PANELS ARE STITCHED TOGETHER IN SEWING ROOM BY MEANS OF SEWING
    MACHINES.
    IN SEWING 2D FABRIC PATTERNS ARE CONVERTED IN 3D FORMS. AN OPERATOR RUN THE
    MACHINE AND USING SEWING THREADS GARMENT PARTS ARE JOINED TOGETHER.
    VARIOUS TYPES OF SEWING MACHINE ARE AVAILABLE FOR SEWING. MACHINES ARE
    SELECTED ACCORDING TO THE SEAM AND STITCH REQUIREMENT.
    IN INDUSTRY TRADITIONALLY SEWING MACHINES ARE LAID IN A RAW.
    CUT PARTS ARE FEED AT THE START OF THE LINE, PASSED THROUGH THE LINE AND AT
    THE END OF THE LINE A COMPLETE GARMENT COME OUT.
    EACH MACHINE IS RUN BY INDIVIDUAL OPERATORS AND AN OPERATOR SEWS ONLY ONE
    OR TWO OPERATIONS OF THE GARMENT. A LINE CONSIST OF SEWING OPERATORS,
    HELPER TO FEED THEM WITH CUT PARTS, THREAD AND OTHER TRIMS, QUALITY CHECKER
    AND ONE FULLY OR PARTIALLY DEVOTED SUPERVISOR.
    THREAD TRIMMING
    AFTER STITCHING, ALL HANGING THREADS ARE
    CUT BY MEANS OF A HAND TRIMMER. AUTO
    THREAD TRIMMING MACHINES ARE ALSO
    AVAILABLE TO PERFORM THIS TASK.
    ALL LOOSE THREADS INSIDE A GARMENT ARE
    REMOVED AS WELL.
    GARMENTS WITHOUT ANY LOOSE THREAD AND
    LONG TAIL ARE A BASIC QUALITY REQUIREMENT.

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