1.

The angle between the grid and magnetic Charted or Nominal Range: The nominal range
meridian is called grid variations or is indicated in the chart next to the light or can
_______. be found the Light List. This is the maximum
a. Deviation distance at which a light may be seen based
b. Grivation upon intensity and 10 nautical miles of visibility.
c. Variation
d. Declination d. Geographic range of light

Grid Variation or Grivation is the angle between

north as indicated by a grid on a map and
magnetic north at any point. It is used especially
in aerial navigation. It is the algebraic sum of 4. A barometric pressure reading of 29.92
variation and convergence. inches of mercury is equivalent to
__________.
Variation or Declination is the angle between
a. 1015.25 millibars
Magnetic North and True North for a given
b. 1012.35 millibars
location.
c. 1013.25 millibars
A deviation is a departure from the “agreed d. 1010.35 millibars
route” or the “usual route”, and it can amount
to a serious breach of contract. 5. A Mercator Chart is a:
a. Rectangular projection
2. Who is responsible for the voyage plan? b. Simple conic projection
a. The navigation officer c. Polyconic projection
b. The person who has done the d. Cylindrical projection
planning
c. The owner
d. The Master Mercator Chart is a cylindrical map projection in
which the meridians and parallels appear as
Shipping cargo from one port to another lines crossing at right angles and in which areas
involves coordinated working of several appear greater farther from the equator.
operations of both land and ship staff. One of Straight line segments represent true bearings,
the most integral parts of a shipping operations thus making this projection useful for
is the cargo or voyage planning, which is mainly navigation.
6. Apparent altitude is sextant altitude
undertaken by a navigational officer of a ship.
corrected for _________.
A ship’s passage or voyage planning involves 4 a. Double-second difference
major steps: b. Chronometer error and dip
c. Difference in assumed latitude and
1. Appraisal
actual latitude
2. Planning
d. Inaccuracies in the reading and
3. Execution
reference level
4. Monitoring

3. The visibility of lights indicated in the charts

is in nautical miles for:
a. Charted range of light
b. Luminous range of the light
c. Height of the observer’s eye 15 feet
above the water
7. Which situation requires you to furnish a
notice of marine casualty to the coast
12. What is an error in a gyrocompass caused
guard?
by rapid changes in course, speed and
a. Your vessel is at anchor and grounds
latitude causing deviation before the gyro
at low tide with no apparent damage
can adjust itself?
b. A seaman slips on ice on deck and
a. Error of collimation
sprains his ankle, requiring an ace
b. Parallax error
bandage
c. Stream error
c. You collide with a buoy and drag it
d. Rapid error
off station with no apparent damage
to the vessel or to the buoy
13. What do you call the altitude after applying
d. Storm damage to the cargo winch
the Dip and index error?
motors requiring repairs costing
a. Computed altitude
$19,000
b. Apparent altitude
c. Observed altitude
8. Your ship is steaming at night with the
d. Sextant altitude
gyro-pilot engaged when you notice that
the vessel's course is slowly changing to the
14. A crew member has just fallen overboard
right. What action should you take FIRST?
off your port side. Which action should you
a. Shift steering to the emergency
take?
steering station
a. Immediately put the rudder over
b. Switch to hand steering
hard right
c. Notify the engine room
b. Wait until the stern is well clear of
d. Call the Master
the man and then put the rudder
over hard right
9. Where can the data relating to the direction
c. Immediately put the engine astern
and velocity of rotary tidal currents be
d. Immediately put the rudder over
found?
hard left
a. Nautical Almanac
b. Tidal Current Tables
15. The revision of a chart is printed on what
c. Mariner’s Guide
area of the chart?
d. Tide Tables
a. Part of the title
b. Top center
10. What is the frequency of the low frequency
c. Lower left center
pulse of the echo sounder?
d. Any clear area around the neat line
a. 18 kHz
b. 27.5 kHz
16. In the IALA Buoyage System, what is the
c. 33.3 kHz
color of an East Cardinal Mark?
d. 24 kHz
a. Black band above and below yellow
band
11. When relieving the helm, the new
b. Black band below yellow band
helmsman should know the __________.
c. Black band with above and below
a. Gyro error
yellow band
b. Course per magnetic steering
d. Black band above yellow band
compass
c. Maximum rudder angle previously
used
d. Variation
 d. align the compass north to the fore
and aft line of the ship

17. Your vessel's heading is 330degreespgc and

345degreespsc with a 2degreesE gyro error. 23. Which of these may cause false echoes in
If there is a variation of 6degreesW, what is an echo sounder?
the deviation on this heading? a. Turbulence from the interaction of
a. 7 degrees W tidal streams with solid particles in
b. 3 degrees W suspension
c. 4 degrees E b. Protruding rocks from the seabed
d. 0 degrees c. Bioluminescent microorganisms in
18. What is the speed of sound in water? the water
a. 0.8 kilometer per second d. Schools of big fish
b. 1.3 kilometers per second
c. 1.5 kilometers per second 24. The interval between the sun's upper limb
d. 1.1 kilometers per second being in the horizon and its center being
12degrees below is called:
19. What navigational instrument used to a. Civil twilight
indicate direction by measuring course and b. Astronomical twilight
bearing? c. Observational twilight
a. Compass d. Nautical twilight
b. Sextant
c. Azimuth circle 25. Which of these is an echo sounder
d. Pelorus transducer type?
a. Diesel-electric
20. A report of casualty to a vessel must include b. Piezo-hydraulic
___________. c. Magnetostriction
a. The name of the owner or agent of d. Blue-diode
the vessel
b. The amount of ballast on board 26. The dividing meridian between zone
c. The estimated cost of damage descriptions +4 and +5 is _____.
d. An evaluation of who was at fault a. 75 degrees 00’ E
b. 67 degrees 30’ W
21. While voyage planning and navigating, a c. 60 degrees 30’ W
mariner must refer to both texts and tables. d. 60 degrees 00’ E
Tables includes the following EXCEPT:
a. Sight reduction 27. When using GPS, you may expect your
b. Light lists position to be accurate 95percent of the
c. Almanac time within a radius of __________ meters.
d. Sailing directions a. 10 m
b. 50 m
22. Physical checks of gyro, azimuth circle and c. 100 m
pelorus include the following, EXCEPT: d. 20 m
a. ensure azimuth circle and peloruses
are in good condition 28. Isogonic lines are lines on a chart
b. synchronize gyro repeaters with indicating:
master gyro a. Points of zero variation
c. align peloruses with fore-and-aft line b. The magnetic latitude
of the ship c. Points of equal variation
d. Magnetic dip
 b. Coast pilot
c. World port index
d. Guide to port entry
29. The shortest distance between any two 36. What is the position obtained by applying
points on earth defines a _________. estimated current and wind to your vessel's
a. Great circle course and speed?
b. Rhumb line a. Dead-reckoning position
c. Small circle b. Assumed position
d. Mercator c. Estimated position
d. Applied position
30. The bending of waves as it passes an
obstruction is called _________. 37. The standard atmospheric pressure in
a. Persistence millimeters of mercury is:
b. Diffraction a. 760
c. Refraction b. 23.25
d. Attenuation c. 29..92
d. 960
31. Your vessel's heading is 330degreespgc and
345degreespsc with a 2degreesE gyro error. 38. What is the length of a nautical mile?
If there is a variation of 13degreesW, what a. 5,280 meters
is the deviation on this heading? b. 1,850 meters
a. 3 degrees W c. 6,076 feet
b. 4 degrees E d. 1,760 yards
c. 7 degrees W
d. 0 degrees 39. Your vessel's heading is 330degreespgc and
345degreespsc with a 2degreesE gyro error.
32. The reaction of a gyro compass to an If there is a variation of 10degreesW, what
applied force is known as: is the deviation on this heading?
a. Gravity effect a. 7 degrees W
b. Earth rate b. 4 degrees E
c. Gyroscopic inertia c. 0 degrees
d. Precession d. 3 degrees W

33. Which chart symbol indicates that the 40. What is the position obtained by applying
bottom is coral? only your vessel's course and speed to a
a. Sh known position?
b. Cl a. Fix
c. Co b. Probable position
d. R c. Dead-reckoning
d. Applied position
34. What is a chart that covers a large area?
a. Large scale chart 41. When the water salinity increases, what
b. Coastal chart happens to the speed of sound?
c. Small scale chart a. It increases.
d. General chart b. It fluctuates.
c. It remains the same.
35. What publication contains ocean current d. It decreases.
information for voyage planning from Tokyo
to San Francisco?
a. Sailing directions
 48. A phase correction is applied to
42. The compass rose on a nautical chart observations of:
indicates both variation and __________ . a. The sun
a. Compass error b. The moon
b. Deviation c. Stars
c. Precession d. Planet
d. Annual rate of variation change
49. When navigating using DGPS, you may
43. What is the nature of the beam transmitted expect your position to be accurate to
by echo sounder? within a radius of __________.
a. Hyperbolic a. 50 m
b. Parabolic b. 10 m
c. Directional c. 100 m
d. Linear d. 20 m

44. On an echo sounder, which of these is used 50. Automatic device for steering a vessel by
to draw a line on the paper to mark a means of control signals received from a
specific time of an occurrence? gyro compass is called _____________.
a. Unt selector switch a. Automatic pilot
b. Range switch b. Gyropilot
c. Timing device c. Gyro repeater
d. Event marker d. Gyroscopic steering

45. Which statement about the Flinders bar on

a magnetic compass is correct?
a. It reduces the deviation into half.
b. It corrects the semi-quadrantal error
at intercardinal headings.
c. It allows the magnetic compass to
move freely in the fluid.
d. It compensates for the error caused
by the vertical component of the
earth's magnetic field.

46. How many degrees north or south of the

Tropic of Cancer is the Arctic Circle?
a. 23 degrees 27’ North
b. 23 degrees 27’ South
c. 44 degrees 06’ North
d. 44 degrees 06’ South

47. What is a phenomenon in which the axis of

an object wobbles when torque is applied?
a. Equinoctial eccentricity
b. Wobble parallax
c. Torque-induced precession
d. Gyroscopic inertia