CRUZ, DIANNE MAE S.

BSMA 2-1

Statistical Analysis with Software Application (STAT 20053)

MODULE 3: Activities/Assessments

1. The bar graph that is more informative is the one that is on the left side. The reason is that
there is the exact quantity indicated on the x-axis that is pertaining to the quantity of subject
population unlike on the other graph which only indicate percentage. The other reason is
that bar graphs are separated by variables, with that we can clearly we the difference
between two organizations.

2. A) To have a good presentation of the data, we could use line graph; with that there are
points connecting the data to show a continuous change, we can clearly compare
information based on the data. We should avoid using three dimensions and having more
than one design.
B) For the data presented be well and to stand out - minimize the graph's amount of white
space and use the available space. If the scales are truncated, tell the reader this explicitly.

3. 1) 59 %
2) 23%
3) 10% - Needs Improvement, 4% - Poor
4) Very Good
5) The percentage of each categories increases when it comes to internal if we compare it
to external. The sum of Very Good and Excellent categories are incorrect, they are both
1% short.

4. 1) 78%
2) 110,000 – 41,000 = 69,000
3) 41,000 – 50,000, 91,000 – 100,000, 101,000 – 110,000
4) 61,000 – 70,000
 5. A. Given: µ = 12, σ = 2, and x = 7
Area = P (x < 7)

6 8 10 12 14 16 18

P (x < 7) = P (Z < 7 – 12)

2
= P (Z < - 2.5)
= 1 - P (Z< - 2.5)
= 1 - 0.9938
= 0.0062

Therefore, the probability that an instrument produced by the machine that will last less
than 7 months is 0.0062 or .62%
B. Given: µ = 12, σ = 2, and 7 < x < 12
Area = P (7<x < 12)

6 8 10 12 14 16 18

P (7<x<12) = P ( 7 – 12 < Z < 12- 12)

2 2
= P (-2.5 < Z < 0)
= P (Z<0) - [1-P(Z>-2.5)]
= 0.5000 - [1-0.9938]
= 0.5000 - 0.0062
= 0.4938
Therefore, the probability that an instrument produced by the machine that will last between 7 to
12 months is 0.4938 or 49.38%
6. A. Given µ = 266, σ = 16, and x = 270

Area = P (x > 270)

250 266 282

P (x > 270) = P (Z > 270 – 266 )

16
= P (Z > 0.25)
= 1 - P (Z > 0.25)
= 1 - 0.4013
= 0.5987

Therefore, the proportion of pregnancies lasts more than 270 days is 0.5987 or 59.87%

B. Given µ = 266, σ = 16, and x = 250

Area = P (x < 250)

250 266 282

P (x < 250) = P (Z < 250 - 266 )

16
= P (Z < - 1)
= 1 - P (Z < - 1)
= 1 - 0.8413
= 0.1587

Therefore, the proportion of pregnancies lasts less than 250 days is 0.1587 or 15.87%
 C. Given µ = 266, σ = 16, and 240 < x < 280

Area = P (240 < x < 280)

250 266 282

P (240<x<280) = P ( 240 - 266 < Z < 280 - 266)

16 16
= P (-1.63 < Z < 0.88)
= P (Z<0.88) - [1-P(Z>-1.63)]
= 0.8106 - [1-0.9484]
= 0.8106 - 0.0516
= 0.759

Therefore, the proportion of pregnancies lasts between 240 to 280 days is 0.759 or 75.9%

D. Given µ = 266, σ = 16, and x = 280

Area = P (x > 280)

250 266 282

P (x > 280) = P (Z > 280 – 266 )

16
= P (Z > 0.88)
= 1 - P (Z > 0.88)
= 1 - 0.1894
= 0.8106
Therefore, the probability of a randomly selected pregnancy that lasts more than 280 days
is 0.8106 or 81.06%
7. Scores Frequency Percentage (%)
26-30 13 17.33%
31-35 10 13.33%
36-40 16 21.33%
41-45 18 24%
46-50 18 24%
Total 75 100%

A. 1) Measures of Central Tendency

Mean

Scores Frequency x fx
26-30 13 28 364
31-35 10 33 330
36-40 16 38 608
41-45 18 43 774
46-50 18 48 864
Total 75 Σ⁵ᵢ = 2,940

x̄ = Σ⁵ᵢ = ₁ fx i
n
= 2,940
75
The average score of students is 39.2
x̄ = 39.2

Median

Scores Frequency LB <cf

26-30 13 25. 5 13
31-35 10 30.5 23
36-40 16 35.5 39
41-45 18 40.5 57
46-50 18 45.5 75
Total 75
 x͂ = LB + ( n/2 - <cf ) i
f
= 35.5 + (37.5 - 23 ) 5
16
x͂ = 40.03
Mode

Scores Frequency LB <cf

26-30 13 25. 5 13
31-35 10 30.5 23
36-40 16 35.5 39
41-45 18 40.5 57
46-50 18 45.5 75
Total 75

^x = LB + ( d₁ ) i
d₁ + d₂
= 45.5 + ( 0 ) 5
0 + 18
= 45.5 + (0) 5
^x = 45.5

2) Measures of Variation

Scores Frequency x fx ( xᵢ - x̄ )² f ( xᵢ - x̄ )²
26-30 13 28 364 125.44 1,630.72
31-35 10 33 330 38.44 384.4
36-40 16 38 608 1.44 23.04
41-45 18 43 774 14.44 259.92
46-50 18 48 864 77.44 1,393.92
Total 75 Σ⁵ᵢ = 2,940 3,692.00

s = √ Σ⁵ᵢ = ₁ f (xᵢ - x̄ )²
n-1
= √ 3,692
74
s= 7.06 The sample standard deviation is 7.06
s= Σ⁵ᵢ = ₁ f (xᵢ - x̄ )²
n -1
= 3,692
74
s= 49.89 The sample variance is 49.89

3) Measures of Relative Positions

Quartile

Qₖ = LB + (nk/4 - < cf) i

nk = 75 (1) f
4 4 Q₁ = 30.5 + (18.75 -13) 5
= 18.75 10
Q₁ = 33.38

Decile

Dₖ = LB + (nk/10 - < cf) i

nk = 75 (9)
f
10 10
D₉ = 45.5 + (67.5 -57) 5
= 67.5 18
D₉ = 48.42

Percentile
Pₖ = LB + (nk/100 - < cf) i
f
nk = 75 (10) P₁₀ = 25.5 + (7.5 - 0) 5
100 100 13
= 7.5 P₁₀ = 28.38
Skewness

Sₖ = x̄ - ^x
s
= 39.2 – 45.5
7.06
= -6.3
7.06
= -0.89235127478
Sₖ = - 0.89

Kurtosis

QD = Q₃ - Q₁
2

= 45.29 - 33.38
2
QD = 5.96

k = QD
P₉₀ - P₁₀
= 5.96
48.42 - 28.38
= 0.2974051896
or
k = 0.3
B.
Data

Mean 38.94666667
Standard Error 0.82306685
Median 39
Mode 46
Standard Deviation 7.127968008
Sample Variance 50.80792793
Kurtosis -1.047697133
Skewness -0.304175895
Range 24
Minimum 26
Maximum 50
Sum 2921
Count 75

C.

Skewness Kurtosis
Grouped Data -0.89235127478 0.2974051896
Ungrouped Data -0.304175895 -1.047697133

For Grouped and Ungrouped Data,

the Skewness are both less than 0 meaning they are negatively skewed where the tail of the
left side of the distribution is longer or fatter than the tail on the right side; mean < median
< mode.
As for the Kurtosis, both are less than 3 meaning they are platykurtic where its tails are
shorter and thinner, and often its central peak is lower and broader.

D. No, there would be differences on the measured value on grouped and ungrouped data,
since they vary in the way they were presented and both have different processes to
arrive at each answer.
8.
A. Data Set I B. Data Set II C. Data Set III
x x-x̄ (x-x̄)² x x-x̄ (x-x̄)² x x-x̄ (x-x̄)²
-3 -6.18 38.19 0 -6.18 38.19 -9 -6.18 38.19
-2 -5.18 26.83 1 -5.18 26.83 -8 -5.18 26.83
0 -3.18 10.11 3 -3.18 10.11 -6 -3.18 10.11
1 -2.18 4.75 4 -2.18 4.75 -5 -2.18 4.75
2 -1.18 1.39 5 -1.18 1.39 -4 -1.18 1.39
3 -0.18 0.03 6 -0.18 0.03 -3 -0.18 0.03
4 0.82 0.67 7 0.82 0.67 -2 0.82 0.67
5 1.82 3.31 8 1.82 3.31 -1 1.82 3.31
5 1.82 3.31 8 1.82 3.31 -1 1.82 3.31
6 2.82 7.95 9 2.82 7.95 0 2.82 7.95
14 10.82 117.07 17 10.82 117.07 8 10.82 117.07
35 213.61 68 213.61 -31 213.61

x̄ = 35 / 11 x̄ = 68 / 11 x̄ = - 31 / 11
x̄ = 3.18 x̄ = 6.18 x̄ = -2.82

s= √ Σ (xᵢ - x̄ )² s = √ Σ (xᵢ - x̄ )² s= √ Σ (xᵢ - x̄ )²

n-1 n-1 n-1
= √ 213.61 = √ 213.61 = √ 213.61
10 10 10
= √ 21.361 = √ 21.361 = √ 21.361
s = 4.62 s = 4.62 s = 4.62

D Different set of data resulted to different sample mean but have the same sample
standard deviation.
 9.

AGE SEX MARITAL STATUS EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT

17 FEMALE SINGLE HIGH SCHOOL DIPLOMA
18 FEMALE SINGLE HIGH SCHOOL DIPLOMA
18 MALE SINGLE NO DIPLOMA OR LESS THAN 12TH GRADE
19 FEMALE SINGLE HIGH SCHOOL DIPLOMA
19 MALE SINGLE HIGH SCHOOL DIPLOMA
20 MALE SINGLE HIGH SCHOOL DIPLOMA
20 MALE SINGLE HIGH SCHOOL DIPLOMA
20 FEMALE MARRIED NO DIPLOMA OR LESS THAN 12TH GRADE
20 FEMALE SINGLE HIGH SCHOOL DIPLOMA
21 FEMALE SINGLE BACHELOR'S DEGREE
21 MALE SINGLE HIGH SCHOOL DIPLOMA
24 MALE MARRIED BACHELOR'S DEGREE
25 FEMALE SINGLE BACHELOR'S DEGREE
27 MALE SINGLE SOME COLLEGE, NO DEGREE
27 FEMALE MARRIED ASSOCIATE'S DEGREE
28 FEMALE MARRIED BACHELOR'S DEGREE
28 FEMALE SINGLE GRADUATE OR PROFFESIONAL DEGREE
29 FEMALE MARRIED HIGH SCHOOL DIPLOMA
31 MALE MARRIED ASSOCIATE'S DEGREE
31 MALE SINGLE GRADUATE OR PROFFESIONAL DEGREE
31 FEMALE SINGLE ASSOCIATE'S DEGREE
36 FEMALE SINGLE GRADUATE OR PROFFESIONAL DEGREE
37 FEMALE SEPARATED BACHELOR'S DEGREE
37 MALE MARRIED NO DIPLOMA OR LESS THAN 12TH GRADE
38 MALE SINGLE BACHELOR'S DEGREE
39 FEMALE SINGLE SOME COLLEGE, NO DEGREE
42 MALE MARRIED GRADUATE OR PROFFESIONAL DEGREE
43 FEMALE MARRIED HIGH SCHOOL DIPLOMA
43 MALE SEPARATED SOME COLLEGE, NO DEGREE
45 MALE MARRIED NO DIPLOMA OR LESS THAN 12TH GRADE
46 FEMALE MARRIED ASSOCIATE'S DEGREE
47 FEMALE MARRIED BACHELOR'S DEGREE
50 FEMALE SEPARATED SOME COLLEGE, NO DEGREE
50 MALE SINGLE ASSOCIATE'S DEGREE
51 FEMALE MARRIED SOME COLLEGE, NO DEGREE
 AGE FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE (%)
17-21 11 31.43%
22-26 2 5.71%
27-31 8 22.85%
32-36 1 2.86%
37-41 4 11.43%
42-46 5 14.29%
47-51 4 11.43%
TOTAL 35 100%

As shown in the table above, as for age, eleven (11) or 31.43% are belong to 17-21 age bracket,
two (2) or 5.71% are belong to 22-26, eight (8) or 22.85% are belong to 27-31, one (1) or 2.86%
is belong to 32-36, four (4) or 11.43% are belong to 37-41, five (5) or 14.29% are belong to 42-
46, four (4) or 11.43% are belong to 11.43% which implies that most of the respondents fall to 17-
21 age bracket.

SEX FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE (%)

FEMALE 20 57%
MALE 15 43%
TOTAL 35 100%

As shown in the table above, as for gender, twenty (20) or 57% are belong to female gender, fifteen
(15) or 43% are belong to male gender, which implies that the most of the respondents fall to
female gender.

MARITAL STATUS FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE (%)

SINGLE 19 54.28%
MARRIED 13 37.14%
SEPARATED 3 8.57%
TOTAL 35 100%

As shown in the table above, as for marital status, nineteen (19) or 54.28% are single, thirteen (13)
or 37.14% are married, three (3) or 8.57% are separated, which implies that the most of the
respondents are single.
 EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE (%)
NO DIPLOMA OR LESS THAN 12TH GRADE 4 11.43%
HIGH SCHOOL DIPLOMA 10 28.56%
SOME COLLEGE, NO DEGREE 5 14.29%
ASSOCIATE'S DEGREE 5 14.29%
BACHELOR'S DEGREE 7 20%
GRADUATE OR PROFFESIONAL DEGREE 4 11.43%
TOTAL 35 100%

As shown in the table above, as for educational attainment, four (4) or 11.43% are belong to no diploma or
less than 12th grade, ten (10) or 28.56% are belong to high school diploma, five (5) or 14.29% are belong
to some college, no degree, five (5) or 14.29% are belong to associate’s degree, seven (7) or 20% are belong
to bachelor’s degree, four (4) or 11.43% are belong to graduate or professional degree, which implies that
the most of the respondents have high school diploma.