Pre-calculus Review Workshop 1.

2 Exponent Rules (no calculators)

Tip. When simplifying radical expressions, it is helpful to rewrite a number using its prime factorization
and cancel powers.
p p3
p3
p
Example. 108 = 22 33 so 108 = 22 33 = 3 22 = 3 4
3 3

1. Evaluate each expression.

✓ ◆2
4 4 1
(a) ( 3) (b) 3 (c) · ( 2)3
8
✓ ◆2
1
(d) ( 2)5 (e) 25 (f) ( 6) ·2
6
✓ ◆0 ✓ ◆ 2
2 1 3 2 2
(g) ·3 (h) (i)
5 50 5

(j) 52 · 5 (k) 58 · 5 6
(l) 5 8
· 56

2 108 102
(m) 23 (n) (o)
105 10 2

2. Simplify.
p p p
3
(a) 12 (b) 18 (c) 250
p
5
p
5
p
4
(d) 243 (e) 486 (f) 162
r p
27 18 p
3
(g) (h) p (i) 5 81
16 36
p
p p p p 80
(j) 2· 6 (k) 14 · 32 (l) p
5
p
p
3
p
4
p
4 63
(m) 500 (n) 24 · 14 (o) p
7
r r
5 1 5 1
(p) ·
2 16

3. Simplify each expression and eliminate negative exponents.

(a) x5 · x8 (b) (2x3 )2 (c) x 3

· x5

(d) y 6 · y 9 (e) (3x)3 (f) y 7 · y 3

8 x15
(g) z · z3 (h) x 2 x 6 x4 (i)
x10
 x8 x0
(j) y 3 · y 9
(k) w5 w 8 w4 (l)
x12
b8 b 3 ⇣ x ⌘3
(m) (n) (z 3 z 5 )2 (o) (3x4 )
b 3
y3y5
(p) (q) ( 2b3 b3 )3 (r) ( 3x2 )2 (2x 2 )3
y2y 3

4. Simplify each expression and eliminate negative exponents.

xy 7y 6
(a) (b) (c) (x3 y 5 )(2x 4 y 2 )(4xy 5 )
7x 4 y 2 4y 5 z 4
✓ ◆3
6 4 2 2 3 y2
(d) (xw)(6x w ) (e) (w · 4w · w ) (f)
y
✓ ◆2 ✓ ◆3
2 3 2y 4 9z
(g) (3x · 4x ) (h) (i)
4y 8z 6
✓ ◆3 ✓ ◆5 ✓ 2 3 ◆3
x 3y 2
a3 b 2 x xy
(j) (k) (l)
y 1 a 3 b2 y 2 z2
✓ 2 4 ◆ ✓ 2 3 ◆2
(a 1 b3 )2 xz 3x y (w2 v)3
(m) (n) (o)
(a2 b 3 )3 2y 5 z2 (w2 v 3 )2
⇣ w ⌘ ✓ ◆ 3
16x3 y 5 2 2x 1 y
(p) (q) (r)
4x 6 y 8 3x 3 x 3y 2

5. Express the following in the form xr .

q s
p p
8 1 1 p 1
(a) ( x)6
4
5
(b) x3 (c) p 5 (d) p (e) 3
x (f) p
( x) 3
x4 5
x
6. Express the following in the form xr .
6
5
3 x7 4 7 8 2 4 1
(a) x x2 (b) 4 (c) (x3 ) 5 (d) x 5 x 3 (e) (x 3 ) 9 (f) 5
x x2
✓ ◆ 2 1
1 3 1 2
p x x3 1
(g) (h) p (i) x ( x)3
(j) 2 (k) (l) 5
x3 x x x5 x x 4

7. Simplify and eliminate negative exponents. Assume that all letters denote positive numbers.
2 4 3 12 1 1
(a) x 3 · x 3 (b) a 5 · a 5 (c) (9x) 2 · (4x 4 )
3 1
2
3 1 x2 x2 2
(d) ((2b) ) · (2b)
9 3 (e) 5 (f) (27z 3 ) 3

x 2

1 1 1 2
(g) (x5 y 4 ) 2 (h) ( 8x6 y 18
) 3 y 1 (yx 2 ) 3
3
!4 ✓ ◆ ✓ ◆ 1
a2 a 2 x6 y 3 3
(i) 1 (j) 3
b 2 b3 27y 5
 Answers

1. (a) 81 (b) 81 (c) 1/8 (d) 32 (e) 32 (f) 1 (g) 1/3 (h) 1/9
(i) 25/4 (j) 125 (k) 25 (l) 1/25 (m) 64 (n) 1000 (o) 10,000

p p
p p p
3
p
5
p
4 3 3 2
2. (a) 2 3 (b) 3 2 (c) 5 2 (d) 3 (e) 3 2 (f) 3 2 (g) (h)
4 2
p
3
p p p
3
p
4 1
(i) 15 3 (j) 2 3 (k) 8 7 (l) 4 (m) 5 4 (n) 2 21 (o) 3 (p)
2

1 1
3. (a) x13 (b) 4x6 (c) x2 (d) y 15 (e) 27x3 (f) y 4 (g) (h) (i) x5
z5 x4
1 1 x7 72
(j) (k) w (l) (m) b4 (n) z 16 (o) (p) y 9 (q) 8b18 (r)
y6 x4 9 x2

x5 y 3 7y 6 y6
4. (a) (b) (c) 8y 2 (d) (e) 64w15 (f) y 3 (g) 1728x9 (h)
7 4z 4 x w3
5 4
729 1 a18 x11 b15 9x6 y 4x9
(i) (j) 3 (k) 12 (l) (m) (n) (o) w2 v 9 (p) 13
512z 15 xy b yz 6 a8 2 y
9 1
(q) 2 6 (r)
w x 8x6 y 9

6 3 5 4 1 1
5. (a) x 5 (b) x 8 (c) x 2 (d) x 3 (e) x 12 (f) x 10

11 22 12 19 8 5 3
6. (a) x 2 (b) x 7 (c) x 5 (d) x 15 (e) x 27 (f) x 2 (g) x2 (h) x 2

7 3 2 5
(i) x 3 (j) x 5 (k) x 3 (l) x 4

3 1 1 1 y6
7. (a) x2 (b) a3 (c) 12x 4 (d) 2b (e) 1 (f) (g) 5 (h)
x 2 9z 2 x y2
2 2x2
1 6
x3 a4 3y 5
(i) 1 (j) (k) 2
y3 b x
 ID: 1
Keystone Algebra 1 Name___________________________________

Simplifying Absolute Value Problems Date________________ Period____

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Evaluate each expression.

1) −1 − 2 2) 9 ÷ ( 3 )

3) 1 − 4 × −2 12
4) −
−1 + 1

5) 1 − −3 + 5 6) ( 3 − 3 − −4) × 5

Evaluate each using the values given.

7) b − a ; use a = 5, and b = 6 8) x + y ; use x = 3, and y = −5

9) q − r ; use q = 3, and r = −1 10) j − h ; use h = 5, and j = 6

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 11) x − ( z + x); use x = 6, and z = 3 12) 6 x + y ; use x = 1, and y = 1

13) ( p+q ) ÷ 5; use p = −2, and q = −3 14) j (h − h ); use h = −1, and j = 5

15) 2 + h + j ; use h = 6, and j = −4 16) x − y + y − 1; use x = −3, and y = −6

17) 3 − ( p + m − m ); use m = 4, and p = −4 18) n(m + −1 ) − n; use m = 1, and n = −6

19) ab − b + b; use a = 3, and b = 6 20) x − ( x + y − − x ); use x = −2, and y = 4

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 ID: 1
Keystone Algebra 1 Name___________________________________

Simplifying Absolute Value Problems Date________________ Period____

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Evaluate each expression.

1) −1 − 2 2) 9 ÷ ( 3 )
3 3

3) 1 − 4 × −2 12
4) −
−6 −1 + 1
−6

5) 1 − −3 + 5 6) ( 3 − 3 − −4) × 5
9 20

Evaluate each using the values given.

7) b − a ; use a = 5, and b = 6 8) x + y ; use x = 3, and y = −5

1 2

9) q − r ; use q = 3, and r = −1 10) j − h ; use h = 5, and j = 6

2 1

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 11) x − ( z + x); use x = 6, and z = 3 12) 6 x + y ; use x = 1, and y = 1
−3 12

13) ( p+q ) ÷ 5; use p = −2, and q = −3 14) j (h − h ); use h = −1, and j = 5

1 −10

15) 2 + h + j ; use h = 6, and j = −4 16) x − y + y − 1; use x = −3, and y = −6

12 −4

17) 3 − ( p + m − m ); use m = 4, and p = −4 18) n(m + −1 ) − n; use m = 1, and n = −6

7 −6

19) ab − b + b; use a = 3, and b = 6 20) x − ( x + y − − x ); use x = −2, and y = 4

18 −2

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