Index

1. Introduction

2. Scope

3. Reference documents

3.1 Applicable Codes and Standards

4. Abbreviations and Units

4.1 Abbreviations

4.2 Units and Conversion Factors

5. Hypothesis and Calculations

5.1 General Data

5.2 Hydraulic Calculations for Domestic Water System

5.3 Water to Water Heaters Calculations

5.4 Hydraulic Calculations for Gray Waste and Soil

5.5 Treated Gray Waste Water

5.6 Calculation of raw water treatment filter diameter Appendices

Appendix A:

Appendix B:

Appendix C:

Appendix D:

Appendix E:

Appendix F:

1
 1. Introduction
Deraiyah Girls Campus is a new development within King Saud University in Riyadh. The new
Girls campus is expected to be a lead institute in the area of arts, science and applied science.
The electromechanical services that will be provided for the campus shall be designed to
emphasis this fact.
The design philosophy shall be based on creating a suitable environment for modern education
and research. The implementation of the latest technologies in smart buildings will reflect the
technological nature of this institute.
The Girls Campus will house a wide group of faculties for arts and science, to cover the
following fields: education, arts, language, business administration, agriculture, medicine.
Pharmacy, dentistry, science, applied science and computer.
Having wide campus as this, shall require, in addition to sports facilities, library, big auditorium,
lecture hall, and the mosque.
It was also the University decision to include Collage of LAW within the campus premises.
The design of electromechanical systems shall adopt the concepts of value optimization to ensure
providing the campus with high quality services with optimal cost. Design optimization shall
also include the implementation of energy conservation techniques as well as environmental
optimization to maximize the use of natural resources.

2.Scope

Presentation of the calculations related to the project specific characteristics and strategies for
Plumbing works involving Domestic Water System including cold and hot water and Drainage
System beside the Gray water treatment system. The calculations are based on the specifications
and the plumbing international codes.

2
3. Reference documents
3.1 Applicable Codes and Standards

All mechanical plumbing systems will be designed in accordance with the Saudi Code
for Design Basis and Installation Requirements of Building Plumbing and Sanitary Systems
(1998), and requirements of governmental agencies/authorities having jurisdiction over
work at the project.
Additionally, all plumbing systems will conform to PTS, project drawings and
requirements of technical guidelines and design criteria of the following applicable latest
codes and standards.

NSPC National Standard Plumbing Code

UPC Uniform Plumbing Code.

American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-

ASHRAE
Conditioning Engineers Inc.

Patterson
Manufacturer catalogue for boilers and heaters.
Kelly

3
4
 5.1 General Data

The calculations will be held for Domestic Water System and Drainage System
through College Of Language And Translation.

5.1.1 Water Data

3
• Density ............................................................ 1000 kg/m .
• Dynamic viscosity .......................................... 0.896 mPa.s at 25 °C.

5.1.2 Friction Losses

Friction losses are to be determined using Hazen William chart for fairly smooth
pipes (UPVC & Polypropylene).
It should not exceed 5 psi /100 ft.

5.1.3 Water Velocity

Maximum water velocity should not exceed 8 ft/s-As per the NSPC whether in
mains or branches, and the pipe sizing will based on the 6 ft/s velocity.

5
5.2 Hydraulic Calculations for Domestic Water System

5.2.1 Domestic water calculations:

Fixture
Type of fixture Qty.
units

Lavatory 1 60
Water Closet
1 40
(potable)
Kitchen Sink 1.5 8

Bidet 1 4

DF 0.5 16

Janitor Sink 3 8

Total 148 FU

Note that: (*75% of the fixture unit) (Refer to App. A)

3
• By estimating the demand, Flow Rate = 55 gpm = 12.5 m /hr (Refer to App. B).
• PW Velocity = 6 ft/s = 1.8 m/s (Refer to App. C).
• Using the chart in App. C, Velocity + Flow Rate Pipe Diameter.
• D = 50 mm.
• Friction losses = 2.7 psi/100 ft

6
7
 RISER R/1

Calculation Point (1)

Type of fixture Fixture units Qty.

Lavatory 1 7
Water Closet
1 5
(potable)
Kitchen Sink 1.5 1

Drinking Fountain 0.5 2

Janitor Sink 3 1

Total 17.5 FU
Note that: (*75% of the fixture unit) (Refer to App. A)
3
• By estimating the demand, Flow Rate = 13 gpm = 2.95m /hr (Refer to App. B).
• PW Velocity = 5 ft/s = 1.5 m/s (Refer to App. C).
• Using the chart in App. C, Velocity + Flow Rate Pipe Diameter.
• D = 25 mm.
• Friction losses = 3 psi/100 ft

Calculation Point (2)

Type of fixture Fixture units Qty.

Lavatory 1 14
Water Closet
1 10
(potable)
Kitchen Sink 1.5 2

Drinking Fountain 0.5 4

Janitor Sink 3 2

Total 35 FU

Note that: (*75% of the fixture unit) (Refer to App. A)]

3
• By estimating the demand, Flow Rate = 23 gpm = 5.2 m /hr (Refer to App. B).
• PW Velocity = 5 ft/s = 1.5 m/s (Refer to App. C).
• Using the chart in App. C, Velocity + Flow Rate Pipe Diameter.
• D = 32 mm.
• Friction losses = 3 psi/100 ft

8
 Calculation Point (3)

Type of fixture Fixture units Qty.

Lavatory 1 21
Water Closet
1 15
(potable)
Kitchen Sink 1.5 3

Drinking Fountain 0.5 6

Janitor Sink 3 3

Total 52.5 FU

Note that: (*75% of the fixture unit) (Refer to App. A)

3
• By estimating the demand, Flow Rate = 30 gpm = 6.8 m /hr (Refer to App. B).
• PW Velocity = 5 ft/s = 1.5 m/s (Refer to App. C).
• Using the chart in App. C, Velocity + Flow Rate Pipe Diameter.
• D = 40 mm.
• Friction losses = 3 psi/100 ft

Calculation Point (4)

Type of fixture Fixture units Qty.

Lavatory 1 28

Water Closet 1 20

Kitchen Sink 1.5 8

Drinking Fountain 0.5 2

Janitor Sink 3 4

Total 70 FU

Note that: (*75% of the fixture unit) (Refer to App. A)]

3
• By estimating the demand, Flow Rate = 36 gpm = 8.2 m /hr (Refer to App. B).
• PW Velocity = 5 ft/s = 1.5 m/s (Refer to App. C).
• Using the chart in App. C, Velocity + Flow Rate Pipe Diameter.
• D = 50 mm.
• Friction losses = 2.5 psi/100 ft
9
10
 Riser R / 2

Calculation Point (1)

Type of fixture Fixture units Qty.

Lavatory 1 4

Water Closet 1 4

Bidet 1 4

Total 12 FU

Note that: (*75% of the fixture unit) (Refer to App. A)

3
• By estimating the demand, Flow Rate = 9 gpm = 2 m /hr (Refer to App. B).
• PW Velocity = 4 ft/s = 1.2 m/s (Refer to App. C).
• Using the chart in App. C, Velocity + Flow Rate Pipe Diameter.
• D = 25 mm.
• Friction losses = 3 psi/100 ft

11
12
 RISER R/3

Calculation Point (1)

Type of fixture Fixture units Qty.

Lavatory 1 7
Water Closet
1 5
(potable)
Kitchen Sink 1.5 1

Drinking Fountain 0.5 2

Janitor Sink 3 1

Total 17.5 FU
Note that: (*75% of the fixture unit) (Refer to App. A)
3
• By estimating the demand, Flow Rate = 13 gpm = 2.95m /hr (Refer to App. B).
• PW Velocity = 5 ft/s = 1.5 m/s (Refer to App. C).
• Using the chart in App. C, Velocity + Flow Rate Pipe Diameter.
• D = 25 mm.
• Friction losses = 3 psi/100 ft

Calculation Point (2)

Type of fixture Fixture units Qty.

Lavatory 1 14
Water Closet
1 10
(potable)
Kitchen Sink 1.5 2

Drinking Fountain 0.5 4

Janitor Sink 3 2

Total 35 FU

Note that: (*75% of the fixture unit) (Refer to App. A)]

3
• By estimating the demand, Flow Rate = 23 gpm = 5.2 m /hr (Refer to App. B).
• PW Velocity = 5 ft/s = 1.5 m/s (Refer to App. C).
• Using the chart in App. C, Velocity + Flow Rate Pipe Diameter.
• D = 32 mm.
• Friction losses = 3 psi/100 ft

13
 Calculation Point (3)

Type of fixture Fixture units Qty.

Lavatory 1 21
Water Closet
1 15
(potable)
Kitchen Sink 1.5 3

Drinking Fountain 0.5 6

Janitor Sink 3 3

Total 52.5 FU

Note that: (*75% of the fixture unit) (Refer to App. A)

3
• By estimating the demand, Flow Rate = 30 gpm = 6.8 m /hr (Refer to App. B).
• PW Velocity = 5 ft/s = 1.5 m/s (Refer to App. C).
• Using the chart in App. C, Velocity + Flow Rate Pipe Diameter.
• D = 40 mm.
• Friction losses = 3 psi/100 ft

Calculation Point (4)

Type of fixture Fixture units Qty.

Lavatory 1 28

Water Closet 1 20

Kitchen Sink 1.5 8

Drinking Fountain 0.5 2

Janitor Sink 3 4

Total 70 FU

Note that: (*75% of the fixture unit) (Refer to App. A)]

3
• By estimating the demand, Flow Rate = 36 gpm = 8.2 m /hr (Refer to App. B).
• PW Velocity = 5 ft/s = 1.5 m/s (Refer to App. C).
• Using the chart in App. C, Velocity + Flow Rate Pipe Diameter.
• D = 50 mm.
• Friction losses = 2.5 psi/100 ft
14
5.3 Water to Water Heaters Calculations

Hot water temperature for toilet = 140ºF

(Make up water supply Temperature = 40ºF as per ASHRAE)

Type of fixture No. of fixtures HW demand in GPH.

Total HW Demand
In GPH.
Lavatory 48 15 720
(public use)

Lavatory 12 2 24
(private use)

Kitchen Sink 8 20 160

Janitor Sink 8 20 160

Bidet 4 2 8

Total
1072 GPH.

(* Public Use) (Refer to App. E)

• Total demand = 1072 GPH. (As per ASHRAE requirements)

• Demand factor = 0.4 Storage capacity factor = 1.0
• Probable maximum demand (Recovery Rate) = 1072 x 0.4 ≈ 428.8 GPH.
• Two horizontal electric water heaters of 75% capacity each will be installed at basement
floor serving the fixtures listed above.
• Each Heater specs.: (As per Patterson Kelly)
• Recovery Rate = 428.8 x 0.75 =321.6 GPH.
• Storage Capacity = 321.6 x 1.0 = 321.6 Gallons.

Water heater physical dimension

• o Diameter = 1m.
• o Total length = 2 m.

15
 5.4 Hydraulic Calculations for Gray Waste and Soil

5.4.1 Gray Waste Water Drainage and Soil drainage

Type of fixture Fixture units Qty.

Lavatory 1 60

Drinking Fountain 0.5 16

Janitor Sink 3 8

Kitchen Sink 1.5 8

Total Gray Waste 104 FU

Water closet 2.5 44

Total soil 110 FU

(Refer to App. D)

-By estimating the demand, gray waste flow rate = 45 GPM=10.22 m3/hr
-D GR.W. = 100 mm (Refer to App. F).
--D 1Soil = 100 mm (Refer to App. F).

16
5.5 Treated Gray Waste Water

Type of fixture Fixture units Qty.

Water Closet 2.5 44

Total 110 FU

3
• By estimating the demand, Flow Rate = 47 gpm = 10.87 m /hr (Refer to App. B).
• TW Velocity = 5 ft/s = 1.5 m/s (Refer to App. C).
• Using the chart in App. C, Velocity + Flow Rate Pipe Diameter.
• D = 50 mm.
• Friction losses = 2 psi/100 ft

• Raw water (gray water) drained 45 GPM in less than the required treated water 47
GPM

17
18
 Riser R ( 1 )

Calculation Point (1)

Type of fixture Fixture units Qty.

Water Closet 2.5 5

Total 12.5 FU

3
• By estimating the demand, Flow Rate = 9.5 gpm = 2.16 m /hr (Refer to App. B).
• TW Velocity = 4 ft/s = 1.2 m/s (Refer to App. C).
• Using the chart in App. C, Velocity + Flow Rate Pipe Diameter.
• D = 25 mm.
• Friction losses = 3 psi/100 ft

Calculation Point (2)

Type of fixture Fixture units Qty.

Water Closet 2.5 10

Total 25 FU

3
• By estimating the demand, Flow Rate = 17 gpm = 3.86 m /hr (Refer to App. B).
• TW Velocity = 4 ft/s = 1.2 m/s (Refer to App. C).
• Using the chart in App. C, Velocity + Flow Rate Pipe Diameter.
• D = 32 mm.
• Friction losses = 2.3 psi/100 ft

19
 Calculation Point (3)

Type of fixture Fixture units Qty.

Water Closet 2.5 15

Total 37.5 FU

3
• By estimating the demand, Flow Rate = 24gpm = 5.45 m /hr (Refer to App. B).
• TW Velocity = 5 ft/s = 1.5 m/s (Refer to App. C).
• Using the chart in App. C, Velocity + Flow Rate Pipe Diameter.
• D = 40 mm.
• Friction losses = 2.6 psi/100 ft

Calculation Point (4)

Type of fixture Fixture units Qty.

Water Closet 2.5 20

Total 50 FU

3
• By estimating the demand, Flow Rate = 29 gpm = 6.59 m /hr (Refer to App. B).
• TW Velocity = 5 ft/s = 1.5 m/s (Refer to App. C).
• Using the chart in App. C, Velocity + Flow Rate Pipe Diameter.
• D = 40 mm.
• Friction losses = 2.5 psi/100 ft

20
21
 Riser R ( 2 )

Calculation Point (1)

Type of fixture Fixture units Qty.

Water Closet 2.5 4

Total 10 FU

3
• By estimating the demand, Flow Rate = 8 gpm = 1.81 m /hr (Refer to App. B).
• TW Velocity = 4 ft/s = 1.2 m/s (Refer to App. C).
• Using the chart in App. C, Velocity + Flow Rate Pipe Diameter.
• D = 25 mm.
• Friction losses = 3.2 psi/100 ft

22
23
 Riser R ( 3 )

Calculation Point (1)

Type of fixture Fixture units Qty.

Water Closet 2.5 5

Total 12.5 FU

3
• By estimating the demand, Flow Rate = 9.5 gpm = 2.16 m /hr (Refer to App. B).
• TW Velocity = 4 ft/s = 1.2 m/s (Refer to App. C).
• Using the chart in App. C, Velocity + Flow Rate Pipe Diameter.
• D = 25 mm.
• Friction losses = 3 psi/100 ft

Calculation Point (2)

Type of fixture Fixture units Qty.

Water Closet 2.5 10

Total 25 FU

3
• By estimating the demand, Flow Rate = 17 gpm = 3.86 m /hr (Refer to App. B).
• TW Velocity = 4 ft/s = 1.2 m/s (Refer to App. C).
• Using the chart in App. C, Velocity + Flow Rate Pipe Diameter.
• D = 32 mm.
• Friction losses = 2.3 psi/100 ft

24
 Calculation Point (3)

Type of fixture Fixture units Qty.

Water Closet 2.5 15

Total 37.5 FU

3
• By estimating the demand, Flow Rate = 24gpm = 5.45 m /hr (Refer to App. B).
• TW Velocity = 5 ft/s = 1.5 m/s (Refer to App. C).
• Using the chart in App. C, Velocity + Flow Rate Pipe Diameter.
• D = 40 mm.
• Friction losses = 2.6 psi/100 ft

Calculation Point (4)

Type of fixture Fixture units Qty.

Water Closet 2.5 20

Total 50 FU

3
• By estimating the demand, Flow Rate = 29 gpm = 6.59 m /hr (Refer to App. B).
• TW Velocity = 5 ft/s = 1.5 m/s (Refer to App. C).
• Using the chart in App. C, Velocity + Flow Rate Pipe Diameter.
• D = 40 mm.
• Friction losses = 2.5 psi/100 ft

25
5.6 Calculation of raw water treatment filter diameter :

By estimating the demand from building Faculty of Law, Total gray water flow rate drained
= 45GPM = 10.22 m3/hr

For using two filters -flow rate for each filter is 12 m3/hr
, taking filtration rate ≈ 30 m3/hr / m2

Area of filter = flow rate = 12 ≈ 0.34 m2

Filtration rate 30

Area of filter = π D2 ,
4

0.34 m2 = (3.14/4) D2

D2= 0.43
D=0.66 m

Two filters with diameter 0.7 m each are required for the gray waste treatment unit

26
Appendix A:
Water Supply Fixture Unit @ National Standard Plumbing Code.

Appendix B:
Estimating Demand @ National Standard Plumbing Code

Appendix C:
Diameter and Friction Loss of Fairly Smooth Pipe Chart @ National Standard
Plumbing Code

Appendix D:
Drainage Fixture Units @Uniform Plumbing Code

Appendix E:
Hot Water Demand @ ASHRAE.

Appendix F:
Drainage pipes size @ Uniform Plumbing Code

27
Appendix A:
Water Supply Fixture Unit @ National Standard Plumbing Code.

28
Appendix B:
Estimating Demand @ National Standard Plumbing Code

29
Appendix C:
Diameter and Friction Loss of Fairly Smooth Pipe Chart @ National Standard
Plumbing Code

30
Appendix D:

Drainage Fixture Units @Uniform Plumbing Code

31
Appendix E:
Hot Water Demand @ ASHRAE.

32
Appendix F:
Drainage pipes size @ Uniform Plumbing Code

33